Detection Of 1-hydroxypyrene Research Articles

A gold nanoparticle-based colorimetric probe for rapid detection of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine

Direct and rapid detection of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) is of great importance owing to its high carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and toxicity. In this study, a simple colorimetric assay for rapid determination of 1-OHP is reported, which is based on non-crosslinking aggregation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) induced by 1-OHP in the presence of formic acid (FA). Initially, Au NPs were synthesized with citrate as the capping agent and exhibited red color. Subsequently, the addition of FA did not cause aggregation of Au NPs, but a proton transfer process occurred from FA to carboxylic anions on the surface of Au NPs with a decreased zeta potential. The subsequent addition of 1-OHP resulted in a further decreased zeta potential and an intensely hydrophobic environment, which led to a strong and rapid non-crosslinking aggregation of Au NPs within 5 min with the color changing from red to violet blue. Based on this principle, sensitive and selective detection of 1-OHP was achieved. The detection limit was 3.3 nM. Finally, the colorimetric assay was successfully applied to detect 1-OHP in a urine sample. This strategy provides new insights into developing colorimetric methods for on-site and real-time detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Detection of 1-Hydroxypyrene by Extractive Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

A method for the detection of 1-hydroxypyrene(1-OHP) using extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(EESI-MS) has been investigated,including the ionization of 1-OHP in a home-made EESI source,effects of the composition of ESI solvent and sample solvent on signal intensity,and semi-quantification analysis.The results indicated that,1-OHP can be effectively extracted and ionized in the EESI source,producing the quasi-molecular ion -(m/z 217) and MS/MS fragment ion [M-H-CO]-(m/z 189);when water,methanol,ethanol,n-propanol and n-butanol were used as ESI solvents,respectively,the highest signal to noise ratio(S/N) was achieved while using methanol as ESI solvent;with the increase of methanol content in sample solution,the signal intensity increased significantly,and the signal intensity of m/z 217 in methanol was more than 200 times higher than that in water.The signal intensity of m/z 217was linearly related with the concentration of 1-OHP in methanol within the concentration range of 10-200 μg/L;the correlation coefficient(R) was 0.982,the relative standard deviations(RSD) were 3.4%-14.0%(n=5),the quantitative detection limit(LOD) for 1-OHP in methanol was about 10 μg/L(S/N=10),and the analytical time of each detection was less than 0.5 min.

Detection of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine by direct fluorometric analysis on a solid sorbing phase. Validation and application of the method to biological monitoring of PAH-exposed persons.

A new method for the detection and quantification of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHPy) in the urines of persons exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) has been evaluated. The method is based on extraction/concentration of the analyte onto a small element cut into tabs from an extraction disk (ENVI-Disk trade mark C18 from Supelco) combined with front-face synchronous fluorescence detection and direct quantification on the solid sorbent element. The limit of detection for 1-OHPy was estimated to be about 0.03-0.04 micro g/L, a value which is significantly lower than the pyrene metabolite concentration commonly found in unexposed to weakly PAH-exposed persons ( approximately 0.1-0.3 micro g/L). A quantification based on only one standard addition has been adopted and the method was validated both by testing analyte recovery using a known amount of a commercially available pyrene metabolite and by comparing the results with those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results were very close to the HPLC results, the largest deviations being attributed to variations or defects in the stirring system, the rate stability of which was found to be of major importance for the reproducibility and reliability of the measurements. The applicability of the method was further tested by analyzing 1-OHPy in the urine of a volunteer exposed to various automobile traffic zones. The results confirm previous findings which lead to the conclusion that urinary concentrations of PAH metabolites are influenced more by smoking habit than by exposure to urban atmospheric pollution. Thus, the method appears to be an alternative to the usual method based on HPLC. Moreover it presents some advantages, being simple to operate and requiring relatively low-cost instruments.

Detection of 1-Hydroxypyrene as a Urine Biomarker of Human PAH Exposure Determined by Fluorescence and Solid-Matrix Luminescence Spectroscopy

A new solid-matrix luminescence method was developed for human biomonitoring that employs room-temperature fluorescence and phosphorescence for the detection and identification of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-PY). Several high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractions from human urine samples were characterized by both solution fluorescence and solid-matrix luminescence. The solution fluorescence data and the solid-matrix luminescence data complemented each other. For example, in one of the fractions, the solution fluorescence showed the presence of tetrahydrotetrols of benzo[ a]pyrene. However, in this fraction, 1-OH-PY was readily detected by solid-matrix luminescence. In addition, solution fluorescence showed that 1-OH-PY was not in some of the fractions, but solid-matrix luminescence showed that 1-OH-PY was present. Solid-matrix phosphorescence was very effective in detecting 1-OH-PY in the fractions where solution fluorescence and solidmatrix fluorescence indicated that 1-OH-PY was not present. The limits of detection were in the pmol/mL range by solution fluorescence and in the subpicomole range with solid-matrix luminescence.