Entrepreneurial Desirability Research Articles

Effect of Entrepreneurship Education Program to Attitudes Toward Starting a Business, Entrepreneurial Desirability, Competence, and Intention

This study determines the effect of entrepreneurship education on attitudes toward starting a business, entrepreneurial desirability, competence, and intention. Experimental research using pre-test and post-test design was used. The authors have set-up a mini-store inside the school campus and taught the students the basics of business operations for four months. The students were asked to evaluate themselves before and after the program about their perceptions of attitudes toward starting a business, entrepreneurial desirability, competence, and intention. The findings show that entrepreneurship education program has a significant influence on students’ attitudes toward starting a business and entrepreneurial intention. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Training; Theory of Planned Behavior, Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurial Skills, Entrepreneurs.

The Motivator to Students’ Entrepreneurship Intention: the Existence of University Incubated Entrepreneurs

Along with more and more emphasis on the importance and benefits of entrepreneurship to the society and an increasing number of various programs offered in the university to edify students about entrepreneurship and cultivate the entrepreneurial spirit in the campus, fewer previous researchers are studying about the optimization of the currently allocated resources. This study aims at exploring the importance and other utility of university incubated entrepreneurs as the motivation factor to entrepreneurship intention among university students. With the convenience sampling method of the questionnaire, the study has collected 165 valid response mainly from a university’s students in Hong Kong in this pilot test. The analysis results indicated that there is a relatively strong relationship between the existence of incubated entrepreneurs at the campus and entrepreneurship intention among university students yet the perception of attainment to entrepreneurship cannot moderate such relationship and the desirability of entrepreneurship can partly mediate this relationship. The research result points out the feasibility of promoting the university incubated entrepreneurs as a role model to university students, and the importance of pragmatic resources for designing the entrepreneurial education and programs in the future.

Management of Student Entrepreneurship Development at the West Java-Indonesia Private Islamic College

This study aims to explore the relations between the factors of the start-up environment and entrepreneurial intentions of students in universities in Vietnam and the Philippines by com­bining key elements of theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behaviour, theory of en­trepreneurial events and model of entrepreneurial potential. Research findings were expected to test the appropriateness of this proposed model in the context of Vietnam and the Philippines. A bilateral survey was carried out among 819 students at five universities in Vietnam and the Philippines and the Structural Equation Modelling was applied to estimate the determinants of the students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The findings indicated that subjective norms, en­trepreneurial education, entrepreneurial desirability, and entrepreneurial motivation were po­sitively related to perceived feasibility. Entrepreneurial education was the key determinant of entrepreneurial intention. Barriers for startups demonstrated a negative effect on the perceived feasibility. The key role of entrepreneurial education to entrepreneurial intention was confirmed in both countries. However, there are existing challenges in entrepreneurial education which required more respective supports from governments to promote the enterprise development.

Country’s Entrepreneurial Environment Predictors for Starting a New Venture—Evidence for Romania

Entrepreneurship has been recognized as a key contributor to the economic development of countries and societal wellbeing. Building and sustaining an adequate entrepreneurial climate challenges—to a high extent—transitional economies world-wide, pushing these countries to develop policies and strategies aimed to sustain high-quality national entrepreneurship. The paper seeks to understand the key determinants of a country’s entrepreneurial environment that drive potential entrepreneurs to assume an entrepreneurial status. It attempts to examine the countries’ entrepreneurial environment factors that influence the development of entrepreneurial spirit and affect the potential entrepreneurs’ decision to start a new venture as a desirable career opportunity. Entrepreneurial spirit is measured by entrepreneurial desirability, feasibility and social stability, taken from the Amway Global Entrepreneurship Report (AGER) 2018 data on national entrepreneurship. The results of the linear regression employed in the paper suggest that, in transitional economies like Romania, clear and stable rules and regulations, manageable taxes, an overall beneficial economic situation, as well as availability and accessibility of technology, may lead to greater entrepreneurial drive and ambition, which is fundamental to sustaining economic growth. The article ends with a discussion about the results and implications of the research.

An Integrated Conjunctive Model of the Drivers of Entrepreneurial Intention for Different Purposes

A common framework for the analysis of commercial, social, and other types of entrepreneurial intention (EI) is developed and tested. The model treats profit, psychic-income, social-impact, and innovation outcomes as interdependent goals underlying the perceived desirability of entrepreneurship. Heterogeneous valences of these goals generate multiple pathways to EI which evoke the different types of entrepreneurs found in the extant literature. The model is tested using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, revealing multiple configurations that each culminate in EI of one type or another, and reveal fine-grained information about interdependent causation and asymmetric data relationships consistent with the complexity of entrepreneurial behaviour.

Fostering sustainable ventures: Drivers of sustainable start-up intentions among aspiring entrepreneurs in Pakistan

Promoting sustainable ventures among aspiring entrepreneurs could lead to an effective solution to reduce ecological footprints and help achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Such an understanding has led to growing attention towards exploring entrepreneurship intentions across different entrepreneurial tiers and types, especially from the sustainability viewpoint. This study aimed at investigating the drivers of sustainable start-up intentions among university students which envision promoting the conservation of natural and ecological resources. This was accompanied by extending the theory of planned behavior to include attitude towards sustainable entrepreneurship and work values. The data set for present work consisted of responses obtained from 650 students pursuing university education in Punjab, Pakistan. The results reveal that attitude towards sustainable entrepreneurship, perceived entrepreneurial desirability and perceived entrepreneurial feasibility complement students’ sustainability-driven entrepreneurial intentions. Environment value, extrinsic reward, intrinsic reward and general self-efficacy indirectly impact sustainability-driven entrepreneurial intentions. The study also reveals a contradictory role of job security inversely driving aspirations of sustainable entrepreneurship among budding entrepreneurs. Findings of the study highlight the importance of work values in the uptake of sustainability-driven entrepreneurship. This study provides insights for promoting sustainable opportunities and discusses the potential for sustainable entrepreneurship development. Moreover, findings also extend the existing literature on sustainable entrepreneurship, work values and uptake of sustainable ventures, and opportunities connected with sustainable ventures.

Exploring factors affecting entrepreneurial desirability among Vietnam students

Exploring factors affecting entrepreneurial desirability among Vietnam students

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN FAMILY’S ECONOMIC SOCIALWITH THE BUSINESS INTEREST IN BEAUTY

This paper seeks to determine the relationship between socio-economic family and interest in entrepreneurship in the field of beauty at the Akademi Kesejahteraan Sosial Yogyakarta. This paper used correlation analysis approach to gather information from respondents. This study used a set of questionnaire to measure variables used in this study. Hypotheses were tested using non-parametric statistical methods to determine whether there is a relationship between socioeconomic family and interest in entrepreneurship in the field of beauty. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between socioeconomic family and interest in entrepreneurship with a moderate closure relationship of 0.371. Each variable in the results of data processing have a significant result in the interest of entrepreneurship with the result shown 27 (90%), and the socio-economic sector that has the largest entrepreneurial interest in income of 1 million-2.5 million (IDR) by 10 (33.3%). The results in the study of socioeconomic relations and interest in entrepreneurship were attracted by 15 (50%) and very interested in 12 (40%). This study has a significant result between socio-economic families with interest in entrepreneurship by reaching 90% of respondents surveyed turned out to have an interest in entrepreneurship. At low socioeconomic has greater entrepreneurial desire, someone at low socioeconomic family wants to improve their lives by entrepreneurship in one of the beauty procedures.

Entrepreneurship Concepts: The perceptions of Malay businesses on Malaysia - Thailand Cross-Border

Previous studies have found that smuggling is the economic activity of Malay traders on the borders of Malaysia - Thailand which is easy, cheap, fast, and does not need to comply with complex regulations. Rantau Panjang town, Pengkalan Kubor, Tak Bai and Narathiwat are among the locations of two countries that involved in smuggling among entrepreneurs, wholesalers, and retailers. This problem has been a major issue for the Enforcement and Legislation Unit, the Royal Customs and Excise Department, the Immigration Department and the Royal Malaysian Police in managing the controls and actions along this border. Hence, the objective of this study is to review the perception of Malay traders in Rantau Panjang and Pengkalan Kubor on the importance of entrepreneurial concepts as a healthy practice in their business. Using AIDA Model, this study covers Malay traders in Rantau Panjang and Pengkalan Kubor as respondents. This study conducted a structured interview to measure the respondents’ perception in terms of their way of thinking, attitude and entrepreneurial culture. The findings of this study showed that their entrepreneurial perspective focuses on the level of observation and interest, and they are less likely to improve their entrepreneurial desire as an entrepreneur. In fact, this finding also shows that entrepreneurial thinking, attitudes and culture are decreasing. This shows that most Malay traders on the Malaysia - Thailand border are small traders that still have to deal with market competition and unsystematic business chains, causing them to be bounded with smuggling activities in their businesses. In conclusion, this study shows that there are still many Malay traders on the border that lack of understanding of entrepreneurial concepts in their business as discussed earlier by entrepreneurial thinkers and researchers.

Pelatihan Pemasaran Produk Berbasis jejaring Media Sosial kepada Masyarakat Desa Curug Wetan

Masyarakat Kampung Curug Wetan Tangerang memiliki keinginan berwirausaha, akan tetapi belum mengetahui cara bagaimana melakukan cara pemasaran produk. Oleh karena itu, tim PkM (dosen dan mahasiswa) mengadakan Pelatihan Cara Pemasaran Produk Berbasis Jejaring Media Sosial kepada Masyarakat Kampung Curug Wetan yang diselenggarakan oleh Fakultas Pariwisata Universitas Pelita Harapan sebagai bentuk Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) dalam rangka program tahunan Hospitour 2019. Tim PkM memberikan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan dan kapasitas bagi pelaku usaha Kampung Curug Wetan dalam melakukan pemasaran produk berbasis jejaring media sosial. Tim PkM memberikan pelatihan kepada sekitar 20 peserta terkait pemasaran produk berbasis daring (online) dengan menggunakan jejaring media sosial yang sangat mudah digunakan dengan investasi kecil, namun memiliki dampak luas. Metode PkM yang digunakan melalui pelatihan keterampilan dan pendampingan cara secara langsung (tatap muka) dengan peserta di Kampung Curug Wetan Tangerang. Hasil kegiatan PkM diharapkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan mengenai cara pemasaran melalui jejaring media sosial, khususnya menggunakan perangkat smartphone yang terkoneksi internet, sehingga peserta mampu membuat pengemasan produk untuk ditampilkan di media sosial smartphone

Pelatihan Kewirusahaan Berbasis Internet : Tips dan Trik Sukses Berbisnis Online Bagi Remaja Milenial di Desa Kaduara Barat Pamekasan

The way to maximize the potential of youth entrepreneurial spirit is through the internet-based entrepreneurship training program Tips and Tricks for Online Business Success for Millennial Youth in the West Kaduara This program is a community service activity carried out in the form of training, as well as creating sustainable and independent activities to increase entrepreneurial interest for millennial youth in the West Kaduara Village. This program will take place on Sunday, August 3, 2019, which consists of five activities, namely Study Online Shop, Achievement Motivation Training and Succsess Story, understanding of online shop platforms and social media knowledge. The first stage is the online shop study, this activity aims to provide knowledge and capture program targets, after the targets are obtained, the program continues with the provision of training and skills on online-based entrepreneurship which includes platform knowledge and success stories, understanding of the online shop, and knowledge of social media in business management. After the target has skills in developing the business, then the provision of understanding of social media is carried out as a step towards the realization of the target to practice the entrepreneurial spirit that they have learned. The program's success criteria result from the enthusiasm of millennial adolescents in managing the business that has been given to the target, namely increasing the level of target knowledge about the meaning of entrepreneurship, increasing target commitment in implementing entrepreneurship programs, and increasing entrepreneurial desire from the target. Keywords: The Soul of Entrepreneurship; Social Media; Online Shop.

Enterprise development from students: The case of universities in Vietnam and the Philippines

This study aims to explore the relations between the factors of the start-up environment and entrepreneurial intentions of students in universities in Vietnam and the Philippines by combining key elements of theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behaviour, theory of entrepreneurial events and model of entrepreneurial potential. Research findings were expected to test the appropriateness of this proposed model in the context of Vietnam and the Philippines. A bilateral survey was carried out among 819 students at five universities in Vietnam and the Philippines and the Structural Equation Modelling was applied to estimate the determinants of the students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The findings indicated that subjective norms, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurial desirability, and entrepreneurial motivation were positively related to perceived feasibility. Entrepreneurial education was the key determinant of entrepreneurial intention. Barriers for startups demonstrated a negative effect on the perceived feasibility. The key role of entrepreneurial education to entrepreneurial intention was confirmed in both countries. However, there are existing challenges in entrepreneurial education which required more respective supports from governments to promote the enterprise development.

Research on the influencing factors of entrepreneurial intentions based on mediating effect of self-actualization

Purpose Using statistical analysis, this paper aims to understand and investigate the factors for starting a new company successfully. Indicators from the literature and the data analysis prove that entrepreneurial environment, ability, intentions and self-actualization affect the success rate of entrepreneurship. Design/methodology/approach To analyze the success factors for entrepreneurship, the authors take entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial ability as the independent variables, self-actualization as the mediating variable and entrepreneurial intentions as the dependent variable. Then, the authors build the frame model of the influencing factors according to entrepreneurial intentions based on the self-actualization mediating effect of college students. At last, four hypotheses are proposed based on this frame model. Findings The empirical research proves that the better the entrepreneurial environment, the stronger the entrepreneurial intentions of college students; the stronger the entrepreneurial ability of students, the stronger the entrepreneurial intentions; and under the mediating effect of self-actualization, entrepreneurial environment and entrepreneurial ability will affect entrepreneurial intentions strongly. Finally, based on the empirical results, this paper proposes to pay attention to entrepreneurship education and strengthen the construction of the entrepreneurial environment to better enhance entrepreneurial intentions. Research limitations/implications The study has a few limitations because, as it refers to the sample for college students and the new start-up, it would require a more generalized analysis of the factors, such as to include more and better indicators for demographic, economic and institutional determinants of the entrepreneurial intentions and entrepreneurship. For further studies on entrepreneurship, the validate measuring scale of the concept must be addressed. Practical implications The present work shows that optimizing the entrepreneurial environment and improving the entrepreneurial ability of college students can enhance the success rate of the entrepreneurship. Besides, the entrepreneurial intentions should be enhanced from outside to inside. Namely, stimulate the entrepreneurial desire of college students from the external environment, such as policy support, ideological education and mobilization on employment options and other aspects of new college graduates. The psychological aspects of graduates should be guided. Originality/value For the study of entrepreneurial intentions, most scholars mainly studied the entrepreneurial psychology to discuss its relationship with entrepreneurial intentions in the early years, and gradually extended to the study of external factors, such as the entrepreneurial environment. However, the study on graduate entrepreneurship has yet to be improved. Based on the existing research, this paper makes an in-depth study on the influence mechanism of entrepreneurial intentions from entrepreneurial ability and entrepreneurial environment, puts forward a research model taking self-actualization as a mediating variable and studies the intrinsic driving force of entrepreneurial intentions.

Individual entrepreneurial orientation and graduate business performance of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura in Sri Lanka

Purpose - Entrepreneurship Orientation is an emerging trend that has attracted much attention presently. This study attempts to examine the relationship between individual Entrepreneurship Orientation and Business Performance among graduate entrepreneurs in the University of Sri Jayewardenepura in Sri Lanka. It is the special intension of this research, to explore this relationship within the context of different theories, models and approaches such as Entrepreneurship Theories, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Lumpkin and Dess Model and Taatila Model. Methodology - Data collection was done using 109 samples through a questionnaire. The means of descriptive statistics, tests of validity, reliability and the SEM with PLS used for the analysis. Findings - The relationships between BP and Entrepreneurship Desire were (0.163), Innovativeness (0.255), Proactiveness (0.318), Networking Capability (0.264) and Risk-taking (0.062). Conclusion - The relationship between individual EO for the four dimensions and BP is significant and positive while Risk-taking showed the insignificant result.

The effect of training, mentality and entrepreneurship on business success for employee pensions

This study aims to analyze (1) the direct effect of training on business success for prospective retirees; (2) the direct effect of mentality on business success for prospective retirees; (3) the direct effect of entrepreneurship on business success for prospective retirees; (4) the direct effect of training on entrepreneurship for retirement candidates PT. Bank BNI; (5) the direct effect of mentality on entrepreneurship for prospective retirees; and (6) the direct effect of training on the mentality of prospective retirees. The population in this study was retired PT. BNI banks in the Indonesian region that attended pre-retirement training at the time of retirement (aged 50-55 years) was 264 people. The sampling technique using Slovin formula obtained as many as 160 respondents. The results of the study indicate that (1) the training implemented has been actualized to retired PT. Bank BNI employees to realize the success of the business that will be undertaken. The training was in the form of pre-retirement given to every retired PT. Bank BNI as a provision for entrepreneurship in retirement; (2) retired employees are mentally prepared to pursue business in realizing business success. This mentality is needed as the stability of the soul and personality to run the business to be successful; (3) retired employees carry out entrepreneurship to realize business success. Entrepreneurial desire is the main motive for realizing the success of the business he is engaged in; (4) provide continuous training to retired employees to prepare them for entrepreneurship. The results of the pre-retirement training that were followed provided benefits for running entrepreneurship; (5) every retired employee is ready to carry out the entrepreneurial mentality he is practicing. Mental readiness to dare to make entrepreneurial decisions in retirement; and (6) retired employees who attend training mentally are ready to face the retirement period with entrepreneurship. Training before retirement has led to the realization of a persistent mentality in entrepreneurship.

Digital Media Based Entrepreneurship Training in Sampora Cisauk Village [Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Berbasis Media Digital di Desa Sampora Cisauk

Entrepreneurship knowledge has the power to maximize the youth's potential. Introducing the benefit of entrepreneurship skills to them would be one of the alternatives to escaping poverty and unemployment, especially for those who cannot continue their education to a higher level. To spread the entrepreneurial spirit to the young generation, a Digital Entrepreneurship Training Program was introduced in Sampora Village, Cisauk District. This program was a community service activity to increase the entrepreneurial interest of the Sampora youth villagers, who are members of Karang Taruna and Warung Teknologi (local youth organizations). Seminars, Workshop, and online discussions were leads to independent and productive sustainable activities. This program consists of five sub-activities: Open Recruitment; Entrepreneurship Basic Theory Training; Success Story and Achievement Motivation Training; Creative Business Plans and Digital Media for E-commerce Training; Creative Digital Business Plan Competition. The success criteria for the program are generated from the questionnaire that has been given to participants. We intended to study the increased level of knowledge regarding entrepreneurship, the increased level of commitment to implementing entrepreneurship programs, and the increased level of entrepreneurial desire. In this program, the participants were not only provided with entrepreneurial skills but they practiced them directly.

Entrepreneurship education from a Croatian medical student's perspective

There has been an ongoing interest in establishing efficient methods of entrepreneurial education (EE). Within our knowledge, there is no academic research that interrogates entrepreneurship and EE for medical students. This research seeks to explore the perceived feasibility and desirability of entrepreneurship for medical students and investigate their expectations in EE. Firstly, perceptional differences in feasibility and desirability were investigated through cluster analysis. In the following step, ANOVA tests were used to examine differences in EE expectations. The data was collected using a survey questionnaire, which was developed and funded by the Tempus FoSentHE Project Consortium. Findings show that students can be clustered into four groups by taking perceived feasibility and desirability into consideration. Statistical differences were recorded for only seven of the twenty educational and entrepreneurial activities. In conclusion, students value networking activities, real experience, and prefer lecturers who are experienced entrepreneurs.

Immigration And High-growth Entrepreneurship In Developing Countries

Immigration is emerging as a potent and visible policy tool at the disposal of policymakers seeking to increase economic development through entrepreneurship. However, it is less clear if immigration has the same role in developing countries. This paper presents a narration on whether the independent effects and interaction between rates of immigration and the social desirability of entrepreneurship in developing countries exercise any influence on the likelihood of individuals entering into high-growth entrepreneurship. The propositions reported would argue that each has an independent positive influence, but that social desirability would be instrumental in moderating the positive effect of immigration, such that as social desirability increases, the influence of immigration on high-growth entrepreneurship decreases.

E-commerce as Innovative Behavior for Female Entrepreneurs of Jonegoroan Batik

Indonesian women are greatly interested in home industries, including batik industry. Obviously, they possess self-efficacy and creativity to pursue their entrepreneurship desire. However, their innovative behavior can be weaken due to management barriers and marketing problems that decrease their product sales. Hence, this study aims to investigate whether or not a web-based marketing management model is applicable for female entrepreneurs of Jonegoro batik. This is an experimental research with samples of 35 female entrepreneurs of Jonegoro batik in Bojonegoro. Furthermore, this study suggests applying one of marketing methods, i.e. online marketing or e-commerce to overcome the obstacles of product sales. Information systems on e-commerce for small and medium enterprises is equipped with features as a campaign media and buying and selling transactions with consumers. The system was created with PHP and MySQL. This marketing information system contains sales reports, products inventory, and product data search process. Moreover, the results of system application are able to provide customers options for buying and selling transactions so that data management is more effective. Furthermore, this research provides adequate information on how to increase sales and customer loyalty towards Jonegoroan batik SMEs.

The impact of abstract thinking on entrepreneurial intentions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test a theoretical model examining the potential impact of abstract thinking on entrepreneurial intentions (EI). The impact of perceived desirability of entrepreneurship on the relationship between abstraction and intentions was also examined.Design/methodology/approachA total of 155 participants completed measures of abstraction, self-efficacy, desirability and EI. Hierarchical regression was used. A bootstrapping approach was utilized to test for mediation.FindingsHigh levels of abstraction were positively related to EI, while also interacting with self-efficacy. High levels of abstraction counteracted otherwise low levels of self-efficacy, resulting in subsequently higher intentions. The perceived desirability of entrepreneurship mediated the relationship between abstraction and EI.Research limitations/implicationsThe scope of analysis and student population sample may limit generalizability.Practical implicationsThe results identify a cognitive process that may help individuals overcome feasibility concerns. Entrepreneurial training programs might choose to instruct individuals that, when encountering a roadblock, they should focus on their ideals and the bigger picture rather than being discouraged by the challenges of the process.Originality/valueThe results provide insight into the psychological processes that lead individuals to become entrepreneurs. The study helps in explaining the mechanism by which a tendency toward abstract thinking leads to stronger EI and identifies an additional antecedent to individuals’ perceptions of desirability toward entrepreneurship.