Design Planning Research Articles

Protocol of the study: Multilevel community-based mental health intervention to address structural inequities and adverse disparate consequences of COVID-19 pandemic on Latinx Immigrants and African refugees.

The NIMH-funded Multilevel Community-Based Mental Health Intervention to Address Structural Inequities and Adverse Disparate Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic on Latinx Immigrants and African Refugees study aims to advance the science of multilevel interventions to reduce the disparate, adverse mental health, behavioral, and socioeconomic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic that are a result of complex interactions between underlying structural inequities and barriers to health care. The study tests three nested levels of intervention: 1) an efficacious 4-month advocacy and mutual learning model (Refugee and Immigrant Well-being Project, RIWP); 2) engagement with community-based organizations (CBOs); and 3) structural policy changes enacted in response to the pandemic. This community-based participatory research (CBPR) study builds on long-standing collaboration with five CBOs. By including 240 Latinx immigrants and 60 African refugees recruited from CBO partners who are randomly assigned to treatment-as-usual CBO involvement or the RIWP intervention and a comparison group comprised of a random sample of 300 Latinx immigrants, this mixed methods longitudinal waitlist control group design study with seven time points over 36 months tests the effectiveness of the RIWP intervention and engagement with CBOs to reduce psychological distress, daily stressors, and economic precarity and increase protective factors (social support, access to resources, English proficiency, cultural connectedness). The study also tests the ability of the RIWP intervention and engagement with CBOs to increase access to the direct benefits of structural interventions. This paper reports on the theoretical basis, design, qualitative and quantitative analysis plan, and power for the study.

Design and Simulation of the Biodiesel Process Plant for Sustainable Fuel Production

The biodiesel production process is extensively studied in the literature, focusing on mechanisms, modeling, and economic aspects, yet plant design and fluid flow losses remain underexplored areas. The study addressed this gap by designing a biodiesel production plant, analyzing flow losses, and developing a pipe network and suitable pump models. In this study, an integration of biodiesel production plant design and simulation of continuous production of Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel was investigated. Biodiesel production encompasses complex stages that involve systematic planning and system design. The goal of the plant design is to reduce the losses that occur during the conversion process, which can reduce the capital cost of the plant. A few assumptions were made when selecting biodiesel plant materials, such as pipes, pumps, fittings, and bends. These assumptions were based on considerations of the biodiesel fluid properties and pressure requirements. On the other hand, Aspen Plus was used to simulate the biodiesel production process. Calophyllum inophyllum was considered oil as the biodiesel feedstock and was inputted to the Aspen Plus as triglyceride composition. The simulation was carried out with rigorous kinetic reactions using the Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) method to predict the liquid equilibrium in the reactor. Results revealed that the designed steel pipe meets safety requirements with a bursting pressure of 49.68MPa, capable of withstanding the maximum pressure of 4 bar and turbulent flow conditions. Additionally, the selected pump satisfies the required head and flow rate, ensuring efficient fluid movement. Moreover, simulation results closely matched experimental data, and 88% of biodiesel yield was recorded.

Reverse Engineering of Building Layout Plan through Checking the Setting out of a Building on a Site Using 3D Laser Scanning Technology for Sustainable Building Construction: A Case Study

Among smart construction technologies, 3D laser scanning technology is used in a variety of applications, including progress measurement, quantity management, reverse engineering (RE), health monitoring, mechanical electronic plumbing (MEP), and so on, using point clouds data (PCD) in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) field. This technology is one of the important data acquisition technologies in construction status to perform active project management through the complete and accurate three-dimensional and visual judgment of building acts. The surveying work for setting out a building is the first step in constructing a building; the location of the building must match the design plan for a building to be sustainable. This is because, if a location deviation exceeds the permitted range, the building must be demolished and rebuilt. When this happens, sustainable construction management is impossible due to delays in the construction schedule, increased construction costs, waste generation, and so on. The purpose of this study is to investigate a case where the accuracy of setting out a building was measured in the construction stage of a building and the building layout design was modified by RE. Although the foundation construction of the case building was in progress, it was confirmed that the setting out of the building measured using a 3D laser scanner did not match with the building layout plan. Therefore, there was no legal problem even if the layout plan is modified according to the measured results, so the building layout plan was modified through RE. Consequently, it was confirmed that a case building under construction became sustainable through RE, and that sustainable construction management was possible by preventing construction schedule delays, increased construction costs, and waste generation.

Daylight Availability of Living Rooms in Dense Residential Areas under Current Planning Regulations: A Cross-Region Case Study in China

After the pandemic, as it becomes more feasible to study and work from home, the quality of residential daylighting has attracted increasing attention. With the rapid growth of high-density residential areas, China is confronted with the incoordination between site planning and interior daylight availability across a wide region. Therefore, this paper investigates the applicability of planning regulations for daylight availability in dense residential areas under different climates across China, with the aim of providing data to optimize design strategies. ClimateStudio and ALFA were used to calculate the daylight factor (DF), daylight illuminance, spatial daylight autonomy (sDA), useful daylight illuminance (UDI), and melanopic equivalent daylight illuminance (m-EDI) of living rooms in four practical mixed housing estates in different Chinese daylight climate zones. The results showed that most of the studied units failed to meet current standards of DF and sDA300,50% for residence. However, more than half of these units still had high potential for UDI and met the recommendation of m-EDI by daylight only. The results verified the importance of integrative consideration of the local daylight climate and interior unit design for residential area layout planning. Finally, this paper suggests two topics for further exploration to bridge the gap between area planning and interior daylight availability in dense residential areas.

Modification Model for the Hand Ball as the Learning Material for Physical Education for Improving Discipline and Cooperative of the Students

This development research aims to develop a modified model of handball games to improve discipline and cooperation of students. With this development research, it is hoped that it can become one of the references for sports physical education and health teachers in providing handball game material in learning at school. This development research uses the ADDIE development model, consisting of the Analysis (analysis), Design (planning), Develop (Development) Implement (Implementation), Evaluate (evaluation) stages. The subject of this research is a high school in Sleman district. The quality assessment of the Baboi Game Handbook developed was carried out by 1 handball game expert, 1 PJOK learning material expert, 1 media expert, and 1 field practitioner PJOK teacher who is a civil servant and certified educator. Field trials were carried out on a small scale and large scale. Small-scale trials were conducted at SMAN 1 Cangkringan, then large-scale trials were conducted at 3 schools, namely SMAN 1 Sleman, SMAN 2 Sleman and SMAN 2 Ngaglik. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire. Data analysis to determine the effectiveness of the game was carried out by t test, on the results of pretest and posttest. The result of the research is the baboi game guidebook. The baboi guidebook was tested on material experts, handball game experts, media experts and field practitioners. The results of the game expert validation get a percentage of 93%, which means very feasible. Furthermore, validation from media experts gets a percentage of 64% which means feasible and validation of sports physical education and health teacher field practitioners gets a percentage of 83% which means very feasible. Thus the baboi guidebook product that has been prepared is declared feasible for use in physical education learning at school. The results of the effectiveness test carried out obtained a percentage of 33.94% effect on students. The advice given is the addition of strategies to win the game and accompanied by pictures of techniques performed to make it more interesting and facilitate the understanding of readers.

Create virtual dentoskeletal model by superimposing digital dental cast into cone-beam computed tomography scan.

Many artifacts and obstacles associated with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan can obscure or distort the details of the teeth and occlusal surface, like distorted teeth, streak artifacts, noise, and some malocclusion cases with excessive overlapping between jaws cause decrease the interocclusal space, which can impact diagnosis and treatment planning, and the 3D reconstruction accuracy. Optimizing dental precision by Integrating CBCT scans with other imaging modalities, supply more information to enhance CBCT accuracy, mainly in dental areas with limited clarity. Performing the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry method, using phone camera and photograph studio setup using simple hardware, to digitize the dental casts and obtain an accurate digital dental model. Using this digital dental model to enhance dental precision in the CBCT data by performing the superimposition process, using a surface-based registration method and integration process to create a virtual dentoskeletal model. Evaluate the accuracy and quality of the superimposition results using qualitative (visual inspection) and quantitative measures. The differences between the virtual dentoskeletal model and the reference CBCT model are calculating by the 3D Euclidean distance, the mean ± SD are 0.212 ± 0.169mm and 0.26 ± 0.149mm for the maxilla and mandible, respectively. The color-coded map shows that the two surfaces are similar, but the extremist values are concentrated in the dental region due to the presence of the noise in the reference model and the gingiva in the virtual dentoskeletal model. The resulting virtual dentoskeletal model can be viewed and manipulated on a computer screen, allowing for a detailed analysis of the teeth and supporting structures. The 3D model generated by the SfM photogrammetry technique did well during the superimposition process, representing a reliable method for virtual-based processing such as orthognathic surgery planning and splint design.

Transport and stability in sustained high qmin , high βN discharges on DIII-D

To address the needs for a fusion pilot plan design, DIII-D/EAST joint experiments on DIII-D have demonstrated high normalized beta β N ∼ 4.2, toroidal beta β T ∼ 3.3% with q min > 2, q 95 ⩽ 8 sustained for more than six energy confinement times in high poloidal beta regime. The excellent energy confinement quality (H 98y2 ∼ 1.8) is achieved with an internal transport barrier at high line-averaged Greenwald density fraction f Gr > 0.9. The trapped gyro-Landau fluid (TGLF) modeling of the transport characteristics shows that the beam-driven rotation does not play an important role in the high confinement quality. The modeling also captures very well several transport features, giving us confidence in using integrated modeling to project these experimental results to future machines. The high-performance phase is terminated by fast-growing modes triggered near the n = 1 ideal-wall kink stability limit. New radio frequency (RF) capabilities for off-axis current drive could remove the residual ohmic current to achieve a fully non-inductive state, and improve the mode–wall coupling to increase the ideal-wall β N limit, enabling sustainment of the fully non-inductive high performance plasma in stationary conditions.

Design and Analysis of Multi-storey (G+6) Residential Building using Staad pro And AutoCad

The design and analysis of multi-storey residential buildings play a crucial role in ensuring structural integrity, safety, and efficiency in urban infrastructure The present project deals with the design & analysis of a multi storied residential building of G+6 consisting of 4 apartments in each floor. Load analysis forms a critical component of the design process, as it involves determining the magnitude and distribution of various loads acting on the building, including dead loads, live loads, wind loads, and seismic loads. STAAD Pro facilitates the application of these loads and provides robust analysis tools to assess their effects on the structure, ensuring compliance with relevant building codes and standards. The dead load &live loads are applied and the design for beams, columns, footing is obtained STAAD Pro We conclude that staad pro is a very powerful tool which can save much time and is very accurate in Designs. Thus, it is concluded that staad pro package is suitable for the design of a multi-storeyed building Staad pro Analysis include Creating a plan for structural framework Obtaining amodel Structure analysis Structure design

Unlocking Urban Accessibility: Proximity Analysis in Bangkok, Thailand’s Mega City

Accessibility serves as the fundamental link for mode shifts, enabling access to activity areas and facilitating connections to other forms of travel. However, navigating the transportation network in urban areas of Bangkok, Thailand, reveals persistent inconveniences, discomfort, and safety concerns, thereby failing to adequately meet the needs of users. This study aims to examine urban accessibility, focusing on multi-travel connections to amenities and public transport. It focuses on understanding how the level of engagement of road users in social activities contributes to well-being by addressing proximity access through a multidisciplinary approach aimed at enhancing accessibility and integrating the built environment. The comprehensive and inclusive Accessibility by Proximity Index (API) is proposed as a tool to evaluate the level of access to essential services and activities for residents. Additionally, this study acknowledges the impact of the physical and utilization characteristics of urban space and active trajectories by considering various travel needs and daily route patterns. Consequently, the API can inform the development of planning and urban design strategies aimed at enhancing walkability and cycling as non-motorization infrastructures, thereby improving accessibility through active modes of transportation. It was observed that areas with a higher concentration of urban amenities exhibit greater accessibility by walking, cycling, and public transport, particularly in inner-city areas. Thus, envisioning a more sustainable and inclusive city with adequate development of public transportation access is essential in urban areas, prompting policy-level initiatives to enhance the environment and elevate the overall commuting experience.

Computational Thinking in Geometric Concept Construction Using Geogebra Software

The knowledge era has allowed new ways of interacting with peers and socially, which allows the promotion of social skills and abilities associating the components of computer science, in order to manage the use of Technology and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the resolution of geometric situations in the practice of construction, elaboration and interaction with geometric prototypes detected in reality and simulated by GeoGebra software in university students. For this purpose, a non-experimental design of comparative descriptive level was applied, in which sessions with interaction of geometric contents and indicators of computational thinking were developed during seven weeks of classes. The development of the experimental activities allowed the resolution of practical situations detected in the process of: design of plans, organization of analytical components of data through abstraction, solutions of specific and complex situations through the heuristic and algorithmic method, in the challenge of creating new geometric prototypes, exploring new ways of learning geometry, creating challenging situations in producing figures through the software under the basic and fundamental principles of the software leading to the development of computational thinking of the students under observation.

The Continuous Time-Resource Trade-off Scheduling Problem with Time Windows

We introduce a variant of the cumulative scheduling problem (CuSP) characterized by continuous modes, time windows, and a criterion that involves safety margin maximization. The study of this variant is motivated by the Geospatial based Environment for Optimisation Systems Addressing Fire Emergencies Horizon 2020 Project, which is devoted to the design of evacuation plans in the face of natural disasters and more specifically, wildfire. People and goods have to be transferred from endangered places to safe places, and evacuation planning consists of scheduling evacuee moves along precomputed paths under arc capacities and deadlines. The resulting model is relevant in other contexts, such as project or industrial process scheduling. We consider here several formulations of the continuous time-resource trade-off scheduling problem (CTRTP-TW) with a safety maximization objective. We establish a complete complexity characterization distinguishing polynomial and NP-hard special cases depending on key parameters. We show that the problem with fixed sequencing (i.e., with predetermined overlap or precedence relations between activities) is convex. We then show that the preemptive variant is polynomial, and we propose lower and upper bounds based on this relaxation. A flow-based mixed-integer linear programming formulation is presented, from which a branch-and-cut exact method and an insertion heuristic are derived. An exact dedicated branch-and-bound algorithm is also designed. Extensive computational experiments are carried out to compare the different approaches on evacuation planning instances and on general CTRTP-TW instances. The experiments also show the interest of the continuous model compared with a previously proposed discrete approximation. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms—Discrete. Funding: This work was funded by the Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange European Project 691161 GEO-SAFE (Geospatial based Environment for Optimisation Systems Addressing Fire Emergencie). This work has also been supported by ANITI, the Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0142 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0142 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .

Corrosion resistance of powder metallurgy fabricated Cu–10Sn/SiC/mica hybrid composite

Abstract For the first time, bronze/SiC/mica hybrid composite has been manufactured using powder metallurgy method. Mixture – process variable design has been applied to design of experiments and optimization of the composite composition, as well as the production process variables (compaction pressure and sintering temperature) to attain superior corrosion resistance. This involved mixing different compositions of bronze, SiC, and mica powders, which were subsequently subjected to varied pressures and temperatures during the pressing and sintering stages, all in accordance with the experimental design plan. The microstructure, chemical composition, and elemental distribution of the samples were examined using scanning electron microscope equipped by energy dispersive X-ray analyzer, and an optical microscope. In order to study the corrosion resistance, potentiodynamic polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were performed in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The results revealed that co-incorporation of SiC and mica particles in Cu–10Sn bronze matrix increases the corrosion resistance, with a synergistic effect between these particles. The result of optimization process showed that the highest corrosion resistance could be achieved for the composite with the composition of Cu–10Sn/9.85SiC/0.67mica. This outcome was subsequently validated through experimental procedures.

Influence of Iron Substitution and Solution Composition on Brucite Carbonation.

Carbon neutral or negative mining can potentially be achieved by integrating carbon mineralization processes into the mine design, operations, and closure plans. Brucite [Mg(OH)2] is a highly reactive mineral present in some ultramafic mine tailings with the potential to be rapidly carbonated and can contain significant amounts of ferrous iron [Fe(II)] substituted for Mg; however, the influence of this substitution on carbon mineralization reaction products and efficiency has not been thoroughly constrained. To better assess the efficiency of carbon storage in brucite-bearing tailings, we performed carbonation experiments using synthetic Fe(II)-substituted brucite (0, 6, 23, and 44 mol % Fe) slurries in oxic and anoxic conditions with 10% CO2. Additionally, the carbonation process was evaluated using different background electrolytes (NaCl, Na2SO4, and Na4SiO4). Our results indicate that carbonation efficiency decreases with increasing Fe(II) substitution. In oxic conditions, precipitation of ferrihydrite [Fe10IIIO14(OH)2] and layered double hydroxides {e.g., pyroaurite [Mg6Fe2III(OH)16CO3·4H2O]} limited carbonation efficiency. Carbonation in anoxic environments led to the formation of Fe(II)-substituted nesquehonite (MgCO3·3H2O) and dypingite [Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2·∼5H2O], as well as chukanovite [Fe2IICO3(OH)2] in the case of 23 and 44 mol % Fe(II)-brucite carbonation. Carbonation efficiencies were consistent between chloride- and sulfate-rich solutions but declined in the presence of dissolved Si due to the formation of amorphous SiO2·nH2O and Fe-Mg silicates. Overall, our results indicate that carbonation efficiency and the long-term fate of stored CO2 may depend on the amount of substituted Fe(II) in both feedstock minerals and carbonate products.

Research on key technology of narrow-type double-turn track crawler drilling rig

In view of the difficult construction problem of narrow roadway drilling rig, the design plan and technical requirements of the drilling rig were formulated, and the narrow-body double-turn track crawler was developed. The key technologies of the luffing device, the crawler body and the integrated operating valve were introduced. Research and verification of the reliability of the rig through field tests. The rig moves quickly and easily; The cylindrical column-double hydraulic drive turntable luffing device has compact structure; no rubber chuck have simple structure and convenient use which can save maintenance and cost; integrated operating valve have small size and less rubber tube Pipeline, which can be easy to repair; the open large stroke holder have the small width and large opening, which make it high reliability and good neutrality. Development of narrow double turntable crawn rigs, shorten the auxiliary operation time of the rig in a narrow roadway, improves the safety of on-site workers, providing technical support for improving the construction efficiency of narrow road rigs.

Empowering Underserved Communities in Southern Puerto Rico: A Formal Training Program in Community Health Promotion

Community health promotion offers a potential solution to persistent healthcare challenges, with community health workers playing a pivotal role. The Community Training Institute for Health Disparities (CTIHD) implemented a problem-solving curriculum in Community Health Promotion, integrating a competency-based learning model through two courses: Introduction to Community Health Promotion and Design of an Action Plan for the Promotion of Community Health. Each course comprised ten three-hour sessions, featuring pre/post-tests, evaluations, and a cognitive debriefing. Knowledge change was assessed using pre/post-test scores among 27 community leaders from southern Puerto Rico. Cohort 1 and Cohort 2 demonstrated an overall retention rate of 62.6% and 96.7%, respectively. Although differences in knowledge gained between cohorts and courses weren’t statistically significant, a trend toward increased knowledge was noted. Cohort 1 experienced a 22% knowledge increase in Course 1 and a 24% increase in Course 2. Cohort 2 demonstrated a 41% knowledge increase in Course 1 and a 25% increase in Course 2. The CTIHD’s Community Health Promotion Program has made significant strides in elevating awareness and knowledge, marking a positive step toward reducing health disparities and fostering healthier, empowered communities in southern Puerto Rico.

Statistical inference of comparative generalized inverted exponential populations under joint adaptive progressive type-II censored samples

Design of efficient test plans to assessing product reliability rapidly, is a critical step to obtain product reliability accurately. In this paper, we are adopted the problem of statistical inference of two generalized inverted exponential populations in a competing duration. To save the balance between the optimal test time and the number of failures needing for statistical inference, joint adaptive type-II hybrid progressive censoring scheme is applied. The model parameters are estimated with classical methods (maximum likelihood and bootstrap) for point estimate and the corresponding confidence intervals. Also, Bayes estimators of model parameters are computed under importance sample technique with the corresponding Bayes credible intervals. A real data sets are analyzed for illustrating purposes. The results are compared and assessed through Monte Carlo simulation study.

Enhancing disaster prevention learning through human-centered design: Students’ learning cognition and enjoyment in informal educational settings

This study employs the human-centered design strategy to design disaster prevention education activities, aiming to explore the changes in students' learning cognition and enjoyment before and after participating in these activities. The National Science and Technology Museum, located in southern Taiwan. Its primary objectives encompass the collection of scientific and technological artifacts, the presentation of scientific and technological themes, the advancement of scientific and technological education, and the provision of opportunities for public leisure and lifelong learning. The research focused on 170 elementary school students from grades G3 to G6 who participated in the disaster prevention education of soil and water conservation activity at the National Science and Technology Museum. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to assess disaster prevention learning cognition, and surveys and interviews were used to gauge the joy experienced during disaster prevention learning. The research findings indicate that after participating in disaster prevention education activities, students showed significant improvement in disaster prevention learning cognition. The primary sources of learning enjoyment were closely observing cultural relics and actively engaging with teaching aids. The human-centered design plan can complement the school's disaster prevention education curriculum and address issues such as low student interest, a sense of distance, and a lack of deep impression regarding disaster prevention.

Design and Treatment Case Analysis of Continuous T-beam External Prestressed Composite Reinforcement Based on Finite Element Model Calculation

The second section of a highway bridge is a 3×30m prestressed concrete continuous T-beam, of which the 5th span 4# T-beam was found to have multiple structural cracks, such as U-shaped cracks and vertical cracks, during regular inspections after one year of operation. Analysis has shown that this was attributed to the fact that the insufficient prestressing during construction caused inadequate prestressing in the beam body. In this sudy, Midas/Civil software is utilized to establish a spatial finite element model to estimate the loss of prestress in damaged T-beams, yielding results consistent with the inspected conditions. On this basis, an external prestressing reinforcement design plan is proposed. The innovative plan considers the impact of reinforcement on the hogging moment of continuous T-beams and optimizes the layout of prestressed steel strands. The layout and fixing methods of steel turning blocks and anchoring blocks are also optimized in accordance with the stress characteristics of continuous T-beams, with the bearing capacity and safety reserve improved. After checking and analyzing the crack width of the reinforced T-beam, it was found that the plan fully meets the requirements for prestressed concrete Class A components. According to plan, the damaged T-beam was repaired and reinforced, and continuous observation of the reinforced T-beam was conducted for two years. No new development of bridge defects was observed in the later stages, indicating a satisfactory reinforcement effect. This provides technical reference for similar projects.

Architectural Peculiarities of the Structure of Technoparks and Technopolises

This research aims to explore the architectural features that define modern technoparks and technopolises as innovative hubs for knowledge-based industries worldwide. By analyzing various case studies from leading global centers, we seek to identify commonalities in design principles, spatial organization, and urban planning strategies that contribute to their success as catalysts for technological advancement and economic growth. Through a comprehensive analysis of diverse case studies, this study identifies recurring design principles, spatial arrangements, and urban planning methodologies that underpin their efficacy as drivers of technological progress and prosperity. The methodology involves an in-depth examination of case studies from prominent technoparks and technopolises worldwide. Analysis is conducted to identify recurring patterns in architectural design, spatial organization, and urban planning strategies. By synthesizing findings from these case studies, this research elucidates the critical factors shaping the architectural landscape of technoparks and technopolises. The results highlight the importance of functionality, aesthetics, and sustainability in architectural design to foster collaboration, creativity, and innovation within these complexes. Spatial organization prioritizes connectivity and accessibility, facilitating interaction among stakeholders and promoting a conducive environment for knowledge exchange and interdisciplinary collaboration. Furthermore, integration of amenities such as green spaces and mixed-use developments enhances the quality of life for occupants and contributes to the overall vibrancy of these innovation clusters. In conclusion, the architectural peculiarities of technoparks and technopolises play a significant role in shaping their identity as catalysts for technological advancement and economic prosperity. Understanding these architectural features provides valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and architectural practitioners to strategically plan and sustainably develop technologically-driven urban environments. Leveraging design innovation can cultivate vibrant innovation ecosystems, propelling societies towards a more sustainable and knowledge-driven future.

A task-oriented framework for generative AI in design

The intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Design disciplines such as Architecture, Urban Planning, Engineering and Product Design has been a longstanding pursuit, with Generative AI (GAI) ushering in a new era of possibilities. The research presented here explores how GAI can enhance creativity and assist Design practitioners with tasks to create products such as, but not limited to, renderings, concepts, construction techniques, materials, data analytics or maps. We apply a framework of combinational, exploratory and transformational creativity to organize how recent advancements in GAI can support each creative category. We propose a conceptual framework of GAI towards transformational creativity, and identify real-world examples to demonstrate GAI's impact, such as transforming sketches into detailed renders, facilitating real-time 3D model generation, predicting trends through analytics and creating images or reports via text prompts. Our work envisions a future where GAI becomes a real-time collaborator to complete certain automated tasks while liberating Designers to focus on transformational innovation.