Lighting Design Research Articles

Optimising Daylighting Performance Through Side light with Passive Devise Design in Buildings

Passive lighting design plays an important role in providing natural lighting to save electricity consumption in buildings. This study aims to investigate the performance of natural lighting and the potential of alternative designs through sidelights with 3 shading device models and light shelves with different sizes in north, west, east, and south orientations. This research method is quantitative, which describes the measurement results in existing conditions and radiance illuminance software simulations. The results showed that at the beginning of field measurements, it was known that there were rooms with lighting intensity too high, too low, and uneven distribution. The simulation results use Radiance Illuminance software to determine the illuminance value of light distribution into space in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Improvised designs are applied with shading device models on the building envelope, namely horizontal, vertical, and egg-crate models in spaces oriented toward the East and West. This study also applied an interior-exterior light self-model measuring 50 cm, 100 cm, and 150 cm of space with the orientation of window openings towards the North and South. The simulation results in this study, show that without a shading device and using a horizontal model, there will be a decrease of 0.4% at a distance of 2 m from window openings oriented to the East, while to the West will be able to increase the illuminance value by 11.5% at a distance of 10.5 m from the window opening. Buildings without using light self and using interior-exterior light shelves measuring 50 cm can increase the illuminance value by 0.5% at a distance of 10.5 m from window openings in a space oriented towards the North, while the orientation towards the south, which can be increased the illuminance value by 0.4% at a distance of 6 m from the window opening. Based on this research analysis, it concluded that the best-improvised design in rooms oriented toward North and South is a 50 cm interior-exterior light shelf and horizontal shading device models are the best for spaces oriented to the East and West. This study, also concluded that the orientation of the building, the passive device model, and the distance of the measuring point in the building envelope, affect the intensity and distribution of daylight entering the building.

Lighting Design for Lanna Buddhist Architecture: A Case Study of Suan Dok Temple, Chiang Mai, Thailand

In Chiang Mai, Thailand, there has been an increasing demand for lighting design strategies that enhance tangible and intangible values of cultural heritage destinations. This research explores the role of lighting design in enhancing the cultural experiences and promoting the cultural tourism of Lanna Buddhist architecture. Suan Dok Temple was selected as a case study due to its historical, social, and cultural significance. This research uses qualitative approaches such as field surveys, photographic documentation, and interviews with temple authorities, cultural heritage experts and tourism professionals for the formulation of initial users’ requirements and lighting design criteria and concept. Data analysis suggested that cultural heritage and conservation, cultural tourism management, and operation and maintenance are important factors in heritage lighting design for cultural tourism. Realistic rendering images of lighting design scenes for the temple’s chedis and vihara are generated based on the concept of luminance layers representing the Buddhist cosmology idea. In addition, lighting operation and installation details are developed and presented to stakeholders for discussion on contextual and operational appropriateness. Finally, the study discusses critical lighting design factors for the development of lighting design solutions for heritage sites, particularly Lanna Buddhist temples, contributing to sustainable cultural tourism.

Challenges in illumination analysis and design for Martian surface-level habitation

It is needless to say that travel to and settlement on Mars are associated with extreme levels of scientific and engineering issues. This will only be amplified with the long-term duration of the mission, not only due to scarcity of resources, but also as the psychological aspects of the dynamics among the crew increase drastically. It should be emphasized that this is a scientific crew, who have undergone high levels of confinement during space travel to Mars, O (102 Earth days), are living in semi-solitude and partial confinement conditions for durations of O (103 Earth days), and even at the nominal termination of the mission, foresee a high-risk and arduous travel time of O (102 Earth days) back to the Earth. The mental weight of the described mission with its slow pace and tardy episodes, puts the crew under severe psychological issues. Minimal and conservative design of spaces, lack of constant access to the exterior, and social solitude are among major factors contributing to the psychological well-being of the crew. Furthermore, the overall lower levels of natural light, accompanied by the minimum possible area of transparent facades, protecting the crew from harmful radiations and cold exterior, burden the mental conditions of the crew even more. Given the limited availability of data from the surface of Mars, study of the effects linked to the lighting and illumination design of the habitats is challenging. The current manuscript hopes to shed light on the illumination and lighting design and simulation procedure, required data, assumptions, and final results for the surface-level habitats on Mars.•Mars / Sub orbital configuration allows for limited natural lighting, however, upon site-specific analysis, it might be considerable as a base passive source.•Current simulation tools are design based on Earth-bound design requirements. These need to be re-oriented to match available planetary data.

Lighting Projection Design of Art Stage From Holographic Naked Eye 3D Perspective

In today's modern environment, as an important part of stage art and performance, many places need to use stage lighting. Therefore, the correct use of stage lighting design is particularly important, and it is necessary to study the design of stage lighting. However, the traditional stage light projection is designed by the designer according to the understanding of music and music matching light projection. This scheme is easily influenced by the designer's subjective factors, which lack a clear and perfect design scheme. In this context, from the perspective of holographic naked eye 3D, this paper designs from the stage layout, utilization rate of lighting, the analysis of music features and the distribution of different colors, and evaluates the merits and disadvantages of music and light shows. This evaluation method can provide a design basis for the light projection in the design process of art stage and provide a scientific basis for the evaluation method of performance scheme. It can greatly reduce the design and debugging time of the scheme and save the design cost of the lighting projection.

Optimization of lighting design on façades of residential buildings of heritage interest

Optimization of lighting design on façades of residential buildings of heritage interest

SPR based dual parameter wide range curling pot shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor

This article proposes a curling pot shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which utilizes two parallel polished surfaces in the cladding to achieve dual parameter measurements of liquid refractive index (RI) and temperature. The mode characteristics and sensing performance of the designed PCF sensor are studied using the finite element method, and the effects of changes in structural parameters such as pore radius, spacing, and gold film thickness on the resonance spectrum are analyzed. The sensing accuracy of the sensor is insensitive to the change of structural parameters, and it has the characteristics of a wide detection range, high sensitivity, and easy manufacture. When the measured RI is in the range of 1.33∼1.42, the maximum RI sensitivity is 20400 nm RIU−1, and the maximum FOM is 483.3 RIU−1. When the temperature ranges from −10 °C to 100 °C, the maximum sensitivity is 15.4 nm °C−1, and the maximum FOM is 0.43 RIU−1. The tight structure design of the sensor core close to the polishing surface and the anti-spill light design with a uniform arrangement of air holes enhance the SPR effect, which is the essential reason for achieving a wide detection range and high sensitivity.

BIOPHILIC DESIGN ELEMENTS AND NATURAL MATERIALS IN HEALTHCARE ENVIRONMENTS

ABSTRACT Biophilic design elements in healthcare environments increase the connection between the built environment and its local natural environment and have been shown to improve the psychological and physiological well-being of patients and medical staff. Similarly, natural materials, which are part of the biophilic paradigm, have been shown to enhance the indoor qualities of habitable spaces. Despite these advantages, existing research on biophilia and natural materials in healthcare design has been mostly focused on specific case studies and thus requires further synthesis into practical design guidelines. To address this need, this paper uses case studies and evidence from the literature to enumerate predictable outcomes and develop visual guidelines related to biophilic design—daylight, views, gardens—with a final focus on materials. The implications of key design parameters are analyzed to their potential impact on patients and medical staff, including recovery rates, hospitalization days, pain medication intake, stress levels, active behavior, and task performance. The provided guidelines include biophilic light design specifications that can reduce hospital stays by 3.67 days and biophilic views that may reduce pain medication intake by up to 61%. Natural materials, including living garden vegetation, were shown to be most impactful on stress and behavioral well-being. An additional focus on natural materials for biophilic design is defined by developing a toolkit for analyzing effective locations for views of materials within a patient's room. The guidelines developed in this further support the transition into simulation and computational analysis tools that assess the health outcomes of various biophilic design strategies from a range of design characteristics and interventions to produce correlations to health and productivity metrics.

Study Of Natural Lighting Design In Sustainable Education Buildings

Study Of Natural Lighting Design In Sustainable Education Buildings

Energy Efficient Lighting Design for Green Building Data Center at ISRO Complex Hyderabad

Energy Efficient Lighting Design for Green Building Data Center at ISRO Complex Hyderabad

An Investigation into the Effects of Correlated Color Temperature and Illuminance of Urban Motor Vehicle Road Lighting on Driver Alertness.

Current international optical science research focuses on the non-visual effects of lighting on human cognition, mood, and biological rhythms to enhance overall well-being. Nocturnal roadway lighting, in particular, has a substantial impact on drivers' physiological and psychological states, influencing behavior and safety. This study investigates the non-visual effects of correlated color temperature (CCT: 3000K vs. 4000K vs. 5000K) and illuminance levels (20 lx vs. 30 lx) of urban motor vehicle road lighting on driver alertness during various driving tasks. Conducted between 19:00 and 20:30, the experiments utilized a human-vehicle-light simulation platform. EEG (β waves), reaction time, and subjective evaluations using the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) were measured. The results indicated that the interaction between CCT and illuminance, as well as between CCT and task type, significantly influenced driver alertness. However, no significant effect of CCT and illuminance on reaction time was observed. The findings suggest that higher illuminance (30 lx) combined with medium CCT (4000K) effectively reduces reaction time. This investigation enriches related research, provides valuable reference for future studies, and enhances understanding of the mechanisms of lighting's influence on driver alertness. Moreover, the findings have significant implications for optimizing the design of urban road lighting.

Visual and acoustic discomfort: A comparative study of impacts on individuals with and without ADHD using electroencephalogram (EEG)

The vision of smart buildings that aim to be inclusive needs to take into consideration the diversity of human needs and the various ways in which individuals interact with and experience built environments. This contribution focuses on neurodiversity, specifically investigating how certain design choices and qualities of indoor environments can have distinct impacts on individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). In a controlled laboratory setting, we created six conditions with modified lighting and sound designs. Participants (14 with and 13 without ADHD) were asked to perform an on-screen activity within these conditions, which were randomly ordered. The collected data includes biosignals from three devices including 32-channel electroencephalogram (EEG), eye-tracker, health monitoring bracelet, as well as task performance and self-reported comfort levels. We observed significant differences in the EEG data, suggesting the activation of a specific brain activity – a defense system – in situations of discomfort, but only for participants without ADHD. Such observed defense system against uncomfortable environmental conditions seems to be lacking, slow, or weak in participants with ADHD. This difference in neuro-responses underscores the necessity to design adaptive spaces that cater to a broad spectrum of sensory experiences. As we navigate the future of smart environment design, our research accentuates the importance of recognizing and accommodating the diverse sensory responses of individuals, thereby progressing towards truly neuro-inclusive built environments.

The luminous flux field as a basic concept for interior lighting design

It is proposed that the process of interior lighting design be defined as creating a three-dimensional luminous flux field within the volume of an enclosed indoor space. This luminous flux field can be divided into two components, an indirect flux field and a direct flux field, and making this separation presents a remarkable insight into the lighting design process. The space, its contents and its occupants are revealed by the indirect flux field; the indirect flux field is generated by the direct flux field; and the direct flux field, which may be derived from the indirect flux field by calculation, specifies the performance of the lighting installation. This enables a practitioner to describe lighting design objectives in terms of peoples’ subjective responses to their lit appearance, and, where these objectives can be specified in quantitative terms, to define aspects of the indirect flux field that would achieve them. The direct flux field that would optimally generate this indirect flux field is determined by a calculation procedure, and this provides a photometric performance specification for the lighting installation. For the sake of simplicity, this paper considers only electric lighting, but opportunities for extending the procedure to include daylight and other lighting design objectives are discussed.

Exploratory study to define new observation geometries for road lighting design

This paper focuses on the visibility of road users in urban environment. Firstly, a virtual reality experiment was carried out to determine where road users look on the road surface when travelling in city. The data collected were used to deduce observation angles for each type of road user. Measurements on an experimental site and simulations were carried out with these new observation angles. These were used to assess the impact of changing the observation geometry on the quality criteria of a lighting installation and on the visibility criterion. The results show that increasing the observation angle leads to a reduction in the average luminance but that, despite this, visibility is not affected. This led us to propose adaptations to the current recommendations: using a mobile observer for an observation angle greater than 1° and downgrading by one class when dimensioning a lighting installation in the city in the standard way, while taking into account the visual needs in an urban environment.

Including Dynamic Viewing Behavior in Determining Vertical Eye-Level Light: Does it Matter for Office Design?

ABSTRACT When considering non-image-forming (NIF) light effects on people, knowing the light vertically at eye-level is necessary. However, people are dynamic in their behavior and constantly change their posture and viewing direction. This means that light measured vertically toward a constant direction might differ from the actual light that reaches people’s eyes. If the difference is large, occupant behavior might need to be included in lighting design measurements and simulations predicting the potential of NIF light effects. This paper presents an experiment on the difference between the actual dynamic eye-level light of office workers while seated at a desk (dynamic condition) and light measured statically toward a computer screen (static condition). Eye-level light conditions in relation to NIF effects were quantified using the melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance (mEDI) and the relative alerting response (r D ). Measured dynamic mEDI was 4% to 10% larger than the static one. Analysis of r D was not possible due to saturation of the response. The dominant face orientation was toward the computer screen, with a deviation in the horizontal and vertical direction within 15 degrees from the center. The results show that measuring and simulating personal light conditions of office workers statically toward a computer screen might be a small underestimation of actual eye-level light, but the relevance of this underestimation in lighting design practice is not evident.

Intelligent Acoustic and Optical Anomaly Monitoring System for Expressway Tunnels Based on the Internet of Things

A smart sound and light anomaly monitoring system for highway tunnels based on Internet of Things technology was studied to address the issues of highway tunnel lighting systems. By utilizing Internet of Things technology, the tunnel lighting system is combined with abnormal sound recognition. Through the design of algorithm models, the recognition of abnormal sound inside the tunnel and the intelligent control of the lighting system is achieved. By pruning and validating the hidden layer nodes of the model, a more streamlined abnormal sound recognition model is obtained. Through experimental verification, this model has the highest recognition accuracy among all models, with a recognition rate of 91.75% at a compression rate of 20%. Compared with Average Percentage of Zeros (APoZ), Random Pruning and Mean Activation, the recognition rate is increased by 2.64%, 1.47% and 1.40%, respectively. In the design of tunnel lighting, fuzzy control is applied to the lighting inside the tunnel to improve the driving safety of drivers and further reduce the power consumption of excessive lighting in the tunnel. Through experiments, it has been proven that the system can work well, saving up to 727[Formula: see text] of energy per day.

Strategies for Applying LED Lights in Night Space Lighting for Bridges

LED lights have been widely used in urban night space lighting in recent years as they are small, energy-saving, and efficient. This article explores the use of LEDs in bridge night space lighting and their application strategies. The aim is to offer valuable insights and references for urban planners and bridge lighting designers in China. By advancing the application of LED technology in bridge night lighting, the goal is to enhance the city’s nighttime ambiance, making the bridge an iconic landmark and a defining feature of the city.

Reading Stanislavsky from a Stage Lighting Designer’s Point of View: Stanislavsky’s Notes on the Dramaturgy of Light

ABSTRACT Stage lighting design is, mostly, referenced and researched in correlation to the scenographic history of theatre, often leaving in shadow the organic impact it has on the human beings involved in the theatre process, both in front and behind the footlights. Light, though, is not just a visual scenographic element; it is living, an orchestrator of the human vision; we still say, “I‘m going to see a play” and not hear a text spoken on stage. The beginning of the twentieth century was a turning point for theatre making, with Stanislavsky being one reference point for future developments. He made valuable remarks about lighting, proving that concentrating attention is an active process that does not happen by accident and that there are tools, like lighting, to facilitate that process. Key to my discussion here will be Stanislavsky’s notion of a light-initiated compartmentalisation and manipulation of stage space, i.e. the identification of specific sections on the stage the limits of which are set by light: circles of attention. Stanislavsky’s circles of attention support the statement that lighting serves as a “magnifying lens” that draws the viewer’s focus to particular areas or actions on stage. This article will elaborate on the potential of Stanislavsky’s circles of attention to the dramaturgy of light, shedding light on various extracts of his writings where the dynamic functions of stage lighting are observed and described in an experiential way.

A Path to Better Sleep and Circadian Health: Optimizing and Personalizing Indoor Lighting

Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in the regulation of sleep, metabolism, and cognitive function. However, they are highly sensitive to disturbances caused by irregular indoor lighting, especially exposure to blue light at night. This review explored the impact of indoor lighting on circadian and sleep health by analyzing trends in light exposure, socioeconomic disparities, and the prioritization of economic efficiency over health in modern lighting design. Significant variations in individual circadian rhythms present a challenge in creating standardized lighting environments. To address this issue, a review suggested the development of personalized lighting systems that use advanced sensors to monitor and respond to the circadian phase of each individual. By dynamically adjusting light intensity, wavelength, and timing, these systems can better align with personal biological clocks, promote optimal sleep and overall health, and advance the concept of truly human-centric lighting environments.

Semantics of light as a tool for shaping the architecture of the modern era

The semantics of light is considered through the prism of a cultural phenomenon, as an object of research, as well as a tool for the formation of visual and spatial characteristics of architecture from ancient times to the architecture of the modern era. It is emphasized that light, as a tool, is semantically perceived in mythological representations, aesthetic and philosophical treatises, in the theory of architecture. An analysis of the use of light in the formation of an artistic image in the architecture of the latest era is provided from the point of view of physical-spatial, aesthetic-emotional and figurative-semantic aspects according to the levels of scale: macro-scale, meso-scale, micro-scale. The perception of architecture is revealed through the semantics of using natural light as speech, which conveys meaning through light-spatial plasticity and generates certain emotions and feelings. Spaces, objects, exhibits, parts of structures illuminated in one way or another reveal the semantic meaning of light as a powerful tool and show the external (physical) and internal (sensory) beauty and aesthetics of the object. The semantics of light in architecture affects the formation of design and general atmosphere, contributes to the creation of emotional depth and cultural significance of buildings and structures. The following semantic principles of light are highlighted in the work: the interaction of light with the urban context – the lighting design of buildings and structures is integrated into the existing urban environment to convey one or another message; conveying the symbolic meaning of light through metaphor and narrative – light is used to reinforce a key idea or theme of buildings and structures, and its meaning influences cultural identity by reflecting local features and national symbols; emotional impact and creation of an atmosphere - a variety of lighting techniques contributes to the enrichment of emotional and personal experience.

Energy Efficiency in Public Lighting Systems Friendly to the Environment and Protected Areas

Solid-state lighting technology, such as LED devices, is critical to improving energy efficiency in street lighting systems. In Ecuador, government policies have established the obligation to exclusively use LED systems starting in 2023, except in special projects. Ecuador, known for its vast biodiversity, protects its national parks, which are rich in flora, fauna and natural resources, through international institutions and agreements such as UNESCO, CBD and CITES. Although reducing electrical consumption usually measures energy efficiency, this article goes further. It considers aspects such as the correlated color temperature in the lighting design of protected areas, light pollution and the decrease in energy quality due to harmonic distortion. Measurements of the electromagnetic spectrum of the light sources were made in an area in the Galápagos National Park of Ecuador, revealing highly correlated color temperatures that can affect ecosystem cycles. In addition, the investigation detected levels of light pollution increasing the night sky brightness and a notable presence of harmonic distortion in the electrical grid. Using simulations to predict the behavior of these variables offers an efficient option to help preserve protected environments and the quality of energy supply while promoting energy savings.