Garden Design Research Articles

Tracking human spatial motion in the design of gardens as a potential method to detect mental disorders – a pilot study

Tracking human spatial motion in the design of gardens as a potential method to detect mental disorders – a pilot study

The Role of The Physical Components Design for Healing Gardens in Promoting Psychological Health

This research examine the role of physical design elements for healing gardens in promoting the psychological health for the patients. Many studies had presented the role of the landscape in enhancing the psychological aspects of human, and its connection with outdoor environment. Previous studies also provided a definition of healing gardens design and components, but the study of the effect of physical components within healing gardens in promoting human psychological health, was not adequately addressed. This represented the research problem. As for the research hypothesis, it states that the physical components (natural and artificial components) for healing gardens will support the psychological environment and improve the quality of life for the patients. The research adopted descriptive analytical approach for a number of hospitals healing gardens, and their positive impact on the psychological health.

Modular Evolution of the Drosophila Metabolome.

Comparative phylogenetic studies offer a powerful approach to study the evolution of complex traits. Although much effort has been devoted to the evolution of the genome and to organismal phenotypes, until now relatively little work has been done on the evolution of the metabolome, despite the fact that it is composed of the basic structural and functional building blocks of all organisms. Here we explore variation in metabolite levels across 50 My of evolution in the genus Drosophila, employing a common garden design to measure the metabolome within and among 11 species of Drosophila. We find that both sex and age have dramatic and evolutionarily conserved effects on the metabolome. We also find substantial evidence that many metabolite pairs covary after phylogenetic correction, and that such metabolome coevolution is modular. Some of these modules are enriched for specific biochemical pathways and show different evolutionary trajectories, with some showing signs of stabilizing selection. Both observations suggest that functional relationships may ultimately cause such modularity. These coevolutionary patterns also differ between sexes and are affected by age. We explore the relevance of modular evolution to fitness by associating modules with lifespan variation measured in the same common garden. We find several modules associated with lifespan, particularly in the metabolome of older flies. Oxaloacetate levels in older females appear to coevolve with lifespan, and a lifespan-associated module in older females suggests that metabolic associations could underlie 50 My of lifespan evolution.

Rain garden infiltration rate modeling using gradient boosting machine and deep learning techniques.

Rain garden is effective in reducing storm water runoff, whose efficiency depends upon several parameters such as soil type, vegetation and meteorological factors. Evaluation of rain gardens has been done by various researchers. However, knowledge for sound design of rain gardens is still very limited, particularly the accurate modeling of infiltration rate and how much it differs from infiltration of natural ground surface. The present study uses experimentally observed infiltration rate of rain gardens with different types of vegetation (grass, candytuft, marigold and daisy with different plant densities) and flow conditions. After that, modeling has been done by the popular infiltration model i.e. Philip's model (which is valid for natural ground surface) and soft computing tools viz. Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) and Deep Learning (DL). Results suggest a promising performance (in terms of CC, RMSE, MAE, MSE and NSE) by GBM and DL in comparison to the relation proposed by Philip's model (1957). Most of the values predicted by both GBM and DL are within scatter limits of ±5%, whereas the values by Philips model are within the range of ±25% error lines and even outside. GBM performs better than DL as the values of the correlation coefficients and Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) coefficient are the highest and the root mean square error is the lowest. The results of the study will be useful in selection of plant type and its density in the rain garden of the urban area.

Behavioural and physiological responses to thermal stress in a social spider

Abstract Temperature is one of the primary environmental drivers of the distribution of species, and particularly high temperatures challenge physiological processes by disruption of cellular homoeostasis. This exerts selection on organisms to maintain cellular homoeostasis by adaptive physiological and/or behavioural responses. The social spider Stegodyphus dumicola occurs across several climate zones in Southern Africa, and populations experience high and variable temperatures, suggesting a wide temperature niche, or alternatively that populations respond with plastic or locally adapted responses to temperature. Using a common garden design, we investigated complementary adaptive heat responses (behavioural thermoregulation and cuticle wax composition) in individuals from warmer and cooler locations. The spiders exhibited higher temperature tolerance than most ectotherms (CTmax almost 49℃), with the individuals from warmer locations showing the highest tolerance. Analyses of cuticle wax revealed chemical compositions consistent with a higher melting temperature (e.g. increased chain length and lower occurrence of branching) and therefore improved waterproofing in spiders originating from warmer locations and acclimated at a higher temperature, as expected if local temperature drives changes in the cuticle composition to improve waterproofing. The spiders exhibited a clear behavioural escape response from increasing temperature, with individuals from warmer locations and kept at higher acclimation temperature showing a lower threshold temperature at which this behaviour was triggered, suggesting that this threshold is under natural selection. Our study provides evidence of both local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity in physiological and behavioural traits relating to temperature tolerance. Population differences in trait expression suggest local adaptation to different thermal environments, and individuals plastically adjust cuticle wax composition and cooling behaviour in response to temperature changes. The Bogert effect predicts that behavioural thermoregulation may relax selection for physiological adaptations. Our study instead suggests that synergistic effects of both physiological and behavioural adaptive traits shape the thermal biology of species. Local adaptation allows existence across different climate zones. Additionally, plasticity in behavioural and physiological traits enables rapid responses to short‐term temperature fluctuations within a thermal niche. We show that adaptive and plastic responses act in concert to shape the thermal biology and distribution of species. A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.

Application of Environmental Psychology in the Design of Intelligent Agricultural Garden

In order to improve the design quality of intelligent agricultural park and meet the needs of tourists, the concept of environmental psychology is applied to the design of sightseeing park. Combined with the basic concept of environmental psychology, this paper analyzes the relationship between environmental psychology and the design of smart agricultural park, so as to determine the behavior needs of the audience. On this basis, the construction type of the garden sightseeing park is determined, and the appropriate construction site is selected according to its construction orientation. Combined with wireless sensor technology, multiple sensors are deployed to design the spatial layout of the smart agricultural park from two aspects of spatial zoning and sightseeing routes, and natural resources, human resources and park facilities are included in the design. Finally, the design results of the smart agricultural park are obtained. The concept of environmental psychology is applied to the practical design of intelligent agricultural park. Through the comparison, it is found that the application of environmental psychology can better meet the viewing needs of tourists, and the comprehensive score is also improved.

Effectiveness of Therapeutic Gardens for People with Dementia: A Systematic Review.

This paper is a systematic review of quantitative studies conducted on the benefits of visiting gardens and gardening therapy for people with dementia (PWD) in an effort to assess the effectiveness of such treatments and obtain information on the most appropriate garden design for this population. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA) guidelines. Four databases were searched (PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus), with no time limits. Out of a total of 480 articles considered, 16 studies were selected for review. In all but two of the studies examined, gardening therapy and the use of therapeutic gardens induced psychophysiological improvements in PWD. The areas showing the greatest effects were Engagement, Agitation, Depression/Mood, Stress, and Medication. It also emerged that interest in this sphere has been growing in the last decade, but there is still a shortage of empirical evidence of the beneficial effects of therapeutic gardens in relation to the type and severity of dementia, and of garden design guidelines. Despite the limited number of studies investigated, the review confirmed the benefits of gardening and therapeutic gardens in PWD. There is nonetheless a need to conduct more quantitative research to support currently-available evidence and generate more information, focusing on garden design criteria, in-garden activities, the type and severity of dementia examined, and effects on caregivers as well as on PWD.

‘For the Owner I Am Convinced Has Neither Much Taste or Genius’: Jemima Marchioness Grey's Accounts of the Gardens at Stowe and Hagley

AbstractJemima Marchioness Grey (1722‐1797) was an avid country‐house tourist in the mid‐eighteenth century, and her accounts offer a key insight into emerging debates around garden design and the picturesque. This article will explore Grey's engagement with garden theory through her contrasting accounts of Stowe in Buckinghamshire and Hagley Hall in Worcestershire, arguing that her insights can enrich our understanding of emerging discourses and showcase the way in which women can provide some of the most enlightening accounts that frame them.

The Hirshhorn Museum Sculpture Garden Plan Designing in Reverse

The article follows the history of the Hirshhorn Museum of Art's Sculpture Garden in Washington DC and explores the highlights of the proposal that is being considered that will change the present sculpture garden design and layout. There is a summary of sculpture garden design throughout history and a review of the original garden that was designed by Gordon Bundshaft in 1974 and why it was changed by Lester Collins in 1981. It also explores how it has evolved into the present sculpture garden. It discusses the proposed garden design and the critical change the new design will have on the current garden and what are the supposed benefits and criticisms the new plan has caused.

Survey and identification of palm tree species at some ornamental plant stores and nurseries in Ho Chi Minh City and using palm trees in garden design

The study was conducted from June to September 2020 in Ho Chi Minh City. This research aimed to identify the palm species and incorporate them into the garden design. To investigate the species, 85 ornamental plant stores and nurseries were surveyed in Go Vap district, District 7 and at Highway 22. Then, morphological comparison method was used for plant species classification. According to the analyses, this region had 25 species belonging to 22 genera in the Arecaceae family. Twenty two of the 25 species surveyed were imported and 03 being native to the area. The majority (68%) was solitary-stemmed palms, with the remaining 08 species having clustered trunks (32%). To incorporate palm trees into the garden design, Sketch-up, Lumion, and Photoshop software were used.

Reconstructing the “Femme-Fleur”: Floral Modernism in the Work of Madeleine Vionnet and Jeanne Lanvin

Abstract The seeds of modernism had been planted before the First World War, but it was in the post-war period that there was a true blossoming of self-consciously “modern” aesthetics and the new, “modern” woman. Although modernism is often associated with the masculine, urban, and geometric—indeed, women’s fashion took a more androgynous turn—influential couturières Madeleine Vionnet and Jeanne Lanvin still drew upon traditionally feminine floral and pastoral themes to create their modern fashions. Fashion designers were not alone in this use of the floral in a “modern” context. Writers, visual artists, architects, and garden designers of the period were also renegotiating ideas of the natural world and reinterpreting the pastoral in the context of the devastating effect of the First World War upon the people and the landscape of France. In particular, the legacy of the femme-fleur (“flower-woman”) in art, literature, and performance found new relevance in 1920s fashion, uniting ideas of modernity and renewal. For Vionnet and Lanvin, the use of floral motifs in conjunction with modernist fashions, signalled a desire to draw upon and reinterpret these long-held signals of femininity, allowing for a new understanding of womanhood while evoking the familiar, eternal and procreative elements of flowers.

VIRTUAL RECREATION OF REYNALDO DIERBERGER LANDSCAPE PROJECTS FOR UFRRJ CAMPUS

Abstract. This paper presents some current results of the research, which proposes a virtual recreation of Reynaldo Dierberger original project for the Seropédica campus of UFRRJ, located in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The gardens, as well as the original architectural ensemble, in neocolonial style, have been legally protected in 2001. The group of researchers faced a triple challenge to make the virtual recreation. The first one concerns the identification of what was designed and not built, based on original hand-made drawings filed in the Document Conservation Laboratory of UFRRJ (LabDOC) and other university departments. The second challenge concerns the interpretation of the elements from English Garden design principles that emerged in the 19th century and were developed in Brazil by European landscapers such as Glaziou (1828–1906). The third one concerns making design drawings digital to elaborate 3d models considering a group of digital graphic tools available and also the application of Sevilla Principles (2011). It is important to mention that some of the research activities were impaired by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Fast life-histories are associated with larger brain size in killifishes.

The high energetic demands associated with the vertebrate brain are proposed to result in a trade-off between the pace of life-history and relative brain size. However, because both life-history and brain size also have a strong relationship with body size, any associations between the pace of life-history and relative brain size may be confounded by coevolution with body size. Studies on systems where contrasts in the pace of life-history occur without concordant contrasts in body size could therefore add to our understanding of the potential coevolution between relative brain size and life-history. Using one such system - 21 species of killifish - we employed a common garden design across two ontogenetic stages to investigate the association between relative brain size and the pace of life-history. Contrary to predictions, we found that relative brain size was larger in adult fast-living killifishes, compared to slow-living species. Although we found no differences in relative brain size between juvenile killifishes. Our results suggest that fast- and slow-living killifishes do not exhibit the predicted trade-off between brain size and life-history. Instead, fast and slow-living killifishes could differ in the ontogenetic timing of somatic versus neural growth or inhabit environments that differ considerably in cognitive demands.

A landscape architect preferences on border elements at green open spaces during Covid-19 pandemic

Green open space has many benefits for humans. Unfortunately, the function of green open space cannot be fully felt due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Even though the application of physical distancing in the garden can be created through the use of garden border elements. As a first step in determining good and effective elements, this study aims to explore the preferences of garden designers in selecting garden border elements, their shapes, and arrangements to maintain the distance between garden users. This research is a perceptual research using a survey method obtained through distributing questionnaires and processed by quantitative descriptive and chi-square test. As for the results obtained in this study, garden designers agree that the border element is an effective way that can be used to implement physical distancing in public parks. Although, in general, garden designers prefer hardscape over softscapes as a border element, there are different preferences for the type of hardscape and softscape used. Garden designers prefer fences, portable benches> 2m apart and concrete construction as a hardscape barrier that can be applied to gardens that have been built. Meanwhile, the selection of softscape in the garden that has been built tends to use flowering shrubs as a border element. The conclusion of this study is the preference for material selection that is different in terms of functionality and aesthetics is caused by the pandemic

Application of Computer Technology in the Visualized Landscape Design of Modern Urban Garden Environment

The landscape design of the garden environment is closely developed with the combination of aesthetics, environmental science, and planning technology. To solve the dynamic landscape characteristics, this paper relies on computer technology to carry out the visualized landscape design of modern urban gardens, realizes 3D solid modeling and 3D real-time virtual presentation of design scenes, lays a theoretical foundation for garden landscape planning, and discusses in detail the simulation in professional modules process. Finally, an engineering example is used to verify the effectiveness of the system.

Garden Plant Landscape Evaluation Method Based on Adaptive Algorithm And Its Application

Plant planting design in landscape plant landscape is not only an effective environmental protection measure, but also has a certain aesthetic appearance. In the process of garden landscape design, the designer has paid attention to the original growth form of the plant and will not deliberately transform it. However, in the garden design, there are many unreasonable landscape designs that destroy the original national characteristics of the city. These garden landscape designs do not really understand their concepts, ignoring the adaptability of plant design to the city. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the spatial image and structure of the landscape of landscape plants. This paper combines quantitative evaluation with qualitative evaluation through adaptive algorithm, which has certain guiding significance for the construction of landscape plant landscape, and provides a method for garden plant landscape evaluation.

Preface

Digital technologies transform all sectors of the economy, and the forest sector is no exception. Science is a knowledge source for all technology sectors. Throughout history, technological development could start only after initial accumulation of scientific knowledge. Now the situation has changed: there is no time to wait, and both – science and digital technologies – must develop simultaneously. That is why scientific conferences focusing on digital technologies are timely – they attract much attention from both academia and industry.In February 2021, Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University organized a scientific and technical conference Digital Technologies in the Forest Sector.This conference is an annual event; it takes place in February – March. In 2021, due to Covid-19 restrictions, the conference was changed to a virtual format. The conference could not be postponed because of a busy event schedule of the conference organizer - Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University in 2021. If the conference could not take place in a virtual format, the research community would have lost an opportunity to share ideas, information and research results in 2021. Finally it took place on 18–19 February 2021 and was successfully delivered in ZOOM.Over 120 professionals from nearly all subjects of the Russian Federation and Finland participated in the conference.The conference model was divided into plenary session and thematic sessions. The plenary session was organized on February 18, 2021, from 10:00 to 12:30. Each of the five plenary speakers were given 20–30 min for a presentation followed by Q&A.Thematic sessions were organized on February 18, 2021, from 13:30 to 17:00, and February 19, 2021, from 11:00 to 14:00. The topics of the thematic sessions were: Geoinformation technologies and remote sensing methods in forestry and forest inventory; Economic development based on the use of modern digital technologies; Digital forestry pedagogy; and Communication and web-technologies: opportunities and prospects of application in the forest sector. Each thematic session was followed by a Q&A session.The papers presenting the most interesting research results were assembled in a special issue of the journal IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science. They cover a wide range of topics within the research areas including: rent theory; linear programming models; GIS technologies in forestry; robotic systems and application of ensemble machine learning methods; application of digital technologies in the economy and business process; use of data mining methods in planning and management at wood enterprises; prediction of occurrence of forest fires; application of laser technologies in remote sensing of forest areas; blockchain technology in prevention of illegal wood trade; analysis of wood structure; application of digital technologies in quantification and design of park, garden and urban tree structure. The organizes strived to cover all applications of digital technologies in the forest sector in one conference.The research results published will be of great interest to scientists, university lecturers and specialists of the forest sector, as well as to students studying forest sector related disciplines.List of Organizing committee, Program committee are availble in this pdf.

Use of LiDAR technology for quantification and design of park, garden and urban tree structure

It is essential to know the parameters of trees making up a city’s green infrastructure for evaluating the functions of its ecosystems and ecosystem services being provided. Traditional methods of creating tree inventories proved to be slow and costly, while not being able to provide sufficient data for ecosystem services mapping. Laser scanning methods can be used to obtain accurate measurements of tree dimensions, crown size measurements and overall tree structure details. They can be used to analyze large forested areas at a fraction of the time needed to measure each tree individually by hand. The goal of this study was to conduct an approbation of ground-based 3D scanning methods and test their capabilities of obtaining tree parameters for use in green infrastructure inventories. The research is based on scans and analysis of sites of the green fund of Moscow, Russia, during the vegetation periods of the years 2019-2020. LiDAR scanning allows automatic georeferencing of data and creates detailed 3D geometry of tree objects. This enables previously impossible measurements of tree dimensions to be taken and calculated: aboveground biomass and crown area. Such methods can automate the process of creating tree inventory databases, while eliminating subjective bias when recording measurements.

Reconsidering time in schools: an everyday aesthetics perspective

The main purpose of this article is to describe and analyse time in schools from an everyday aesthetics perspective. Expanding on current scholarship, the article calls attention to the way everyday sensory experiences in schools models time in peculiar ways that have serious educational implications. On the one hand, based on the work of Katya Mandoki, we discuss how schedules and classroom movements tend to project an ominous sense of time, where students’ sensibilities are neglected in favour of objective, regular and efficient rhythms. On the other hand, based on Yuriko Saito's account of Japanese garden design, we offer an alternative understanding of time that incorporates interruption, delay and ‘unwrapping’ as means to an enriched experience. The article concludes by identifying new questions and pedagogical orientations that contribute to reconsidering how schools teach to perceive, conceive and live time.

Ecological sustainable significance of rain garden design in Lingnan primary and secondary schools from foreign cases

Based on the research of the rain garden in Mount Tabor middle school, Nueva primary school, and Delta North Delta school district, this work summarized the design strategy and ecological sustainable significance of rain garden in the case from three aspects: design method, educational benefit, and ecological benefit. Finally, the design approach of rain garden in Lingnan primary and secondary schools and its significance to the sustainable development of ecological education and ecological protection were proposed.