Design Of Alarm System Research Articles

Realization and Design of SMS Alarm System in Satellite TT&C Ground Station

The existed MCS in ground station is local monitoring and control system , so there must be a man on duty all day long to monitor the whole system . In order to make all the staff of the station get the real time alarm messages of the system , we use a SMS modem and a serial server to realize the SMS alarm system on the basis of existed MCS in the ground station . The program language is Visual C#.Net . Based on the alarm system , the staff not on duty can also get the alarm messages of devices in ground station .

Main Control System Design for Balanced Tension-Type Electronic Fence

Since the 1990s, with the defense, deterrence, alarm in one of the electronic fence system is gradually being widely developed in the field of public safety. The composition and control system design of a balanced tension electronic fence alarm system is described in this paper. This system has a balanced without fatigue characteristics, adapting to a variety of complex terrain environment and leaving no guard dead. It can be widely applicable to all establishments that have the perimeter guard need.

Decision-making and response strategies in interaction with alarms: the impact of alarm reliability, availability of alarm validity information and workload

Responding to alarm systems which usually commit a number of false alarms and/or misses involves decision-making under uncertainty. Four laboratory experiments including a total of 256 participants were conducted to gain comprehensive insight into humans' dealing with this uncertainty. Specifically, it was investigated how responses to alarms/non-alarms are affected by the predictive validities of these events, and to what extent response strategies depend on whether or not the validity of alarms/non-alarms can be cross-checked against other data. Among others, the results suggest that, without cross-check possibility (experiment 1), low levels of predictive validity of alarms ( ≤ 0.5) led most participants to use one of two different strategies which both involved non-responding to a significant number of alarms (cry-wolf effect). Yet, providing access to alarm validity information reduced this effect dramatically (experiment 2). This latter result emerged independent of the effort needed for cross-checkings of alarms (experiment 3), but was affected by the workload imposed by concurrent tasks (experiment 4). Theoretical and practical consequences of these results for decision-making and response selection in interaction with alarm systems, as well as the design of effective alarm systems, are discussed.

A design method of a plant alarm system for first alarm alternative signals using a modularized CE model

Management of a plant alarm system has been identified as one of the key safety issues because of disasters caused by alarm floods. When a chemical plant is at abnormal state, an alarm system must provide useful information to operators as the third layer of an independent protection layer (IPL). Therefore, a method of designing a plant alarm system is important for plant safety. Because the plant is maintained in the plant lifecycle, the alarm system for the plant should be properly managed through the plant lifecycle. To manage changes, the design rationales of the alarm system should be explained explicitly. This paper investigates a logical and systematic alarm system design method that explicitly explains the design rationales from know-why information for proper management of changes through the plant lifecycle. In the method, the module structure proposed by Hamaguchi et al. (2011) to assign a fault origin to be distinguished is extended. Using modules to investigate the sets of alarm sensors and the alarm limits setting for first alarm alternative signals to distinguish the fault origin, an alarm system design method is proposed. Also, the completeness of fault propagation for a branch of the cause–effect model as the plant model is explained. Using the modules and the set of fault origins to be distinguished by the alarm system, we try to explicitly explain the design rationales of the alarm system.

A Design of the Intelligent Fire Alarm System Based on CAN Bus

In order to solve the existing automatic fire alarm system shortcomings, such as high rate of false positives and poor reliability, this paper introduces an intelligent fire alarm system in the composition of MCU based on the CAN bus technology. The system, with the control core of STM32F103, uses multiple sensor information fusion technology to realize the fire warning, and adopts the advanced CAN bus technology to realize efficient, reliable and economic connections between the sensor and the fire linkage. Practice shows that the system is of high real-time, accuracy, and can meet the requirements of fire control in buildings.

The Design of Intelligent Pressure Detection and Alarm System

An application of intelligent pressure detection and alarm system are studied in this paper . it is consists of the high integration, powerful function new microprocessor control, the internal integration of a large number of analog and digital peripheral module. The system has strong data processing ability. multifunctional intelligent hardware is not only realized in circuit necessary configuration,but also is a small size device. it ensure the intelligence function,and has the advantages of small volume, low cost, integration and strong anti-interference ability .

Improved Auto Brake and Avoidance

Abstract: Aiming at the shortage of "ultrasonic ranging vehicle anti-collision alarm system design" , because the anti collision system just avoid having collision in front of the car, without considering the back of the car, in order to avoid hitting the car before and after ,so according to the above problem ,we improve the system.

S1730103 プラントアラームマネジメントのためのBPMアプローチ([S173]産業・化学機械や設備の国際化対応技術,産業・化学機械と安全部門)

A plant alarm system is one of important elements in a third layer of an independent protection layers (IPLs). Management of the plant alarm system has become identified as one of key issues because of disasters caused by alarm floods. The Instrumentation, Systems and Automation Society (ISA) has proposed an alarm management standard. And some methods of alarm limits setting or nuisance alarms reduction obtained through each plant improvement activities have been proposed. But, explicit definition of a plant alarm system design process to properly manage the plant alarm system has not been proposed. Plant alarm systems are not always designed using whole information about their plants, because a concreteness and quantity of information is varied along with stages of their plant design. Requirements for each safety instrumented system may not be satisfied if the design of the plant alarm system was started after all stages of the plant design had been completed. The stages of the plant alarm system design should be carried out concurrently with the stages of the plant design. Therefore, the design process of the plant alarm system should be clarified corresponding to available information at each stage of the design. To clarify the design process of the plant alarm system, a framework is necessary to express design activities with tools, available information and output. So, a business process model (BPM) as the framework for the plant alarm system design will be developed. In this paper, we tried to express a BPM for the design of a plant alarm system. Even if the developed BPM is incomplete, the BPM approach has following merits; design rationale for the plant alarm system can be specified and stored, and the plant alarm system can be designed logically. The stored design rationale and the logically designed plant alarm system are very useful for management of change of the plant alarm system and ensuring consistency with other safety instruments. In future work, a BPM for a plant alarm system design will be improved to properly manage the plant alarm system throughout the plant lifecycle.

Multivariable time series prediction for the icing process on overhead power transmission line.

The design of monitoring and predictive alarm systems is necessary for successful overhead power transmission line icing. Given the characteristics of complexity, nonlinearity, and fitfulness in the line icing process, a model based on a multivariable time series is presented here to predict the icing load of a transmission line. In this model, the time effects of micrometeorology parameters for the icing process have been analyzed. The phase-space reconstruction theory and machine learning method were then applied to establish the prediction model, which fully utilized the history of multivariable time series data in local monitoring systems to represent the mapping relationship between icing load and micrometeorology factors. Relevant to the characteristic of fitfulness in line icing, the simulations were carried out during the same icing process or different process to test the model's prediction precision and robustness. According to the simulation results for the Tao-Luo-Xiong Transmission Line, this model demonstrates a good accuracy of prediction in different process, if the prediction length is less than two hours, and would be helpful for power grid departments when deciding to take action in advance to address potential icing disasters.

Online Ship Control System using Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

This paper is practical design and implementation of open architecture ship control, alarm and monitoring system using Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) .Modern ships have an automatic system control which includes control, alarm and monitoring system that have access to all process control station and can monitor them. All the screens for different sensors in our design are considered as the HMI (Human Machine Interface) of the SCADA system monitoring a group of sensors, which can help the operator in the control room to make online control on ship. WinCC Flexible is used to create screens. The control system control several types of self-running process as voyage data recorder, GPS, hull opening, hull stress, Radar, ship speed, tank fuel level, fuel and machinery temperature, wind speed and direction. Communication, fire doors control station, each type is dictated to specific task. The alarm system is connected to sensors everywhere in the ship and continuously monitors them, if any sensor reading is outside the preset limits we get an alarm. The monitoring system can record any alarm status and save it in hard disk or printer with time stamp. The alarm system depends mainly on data coming from different sensors connected to corresponding measuring points, also an inhibit control can be applied to certain alarm group for disable at certain conditions for the system.

Design and Realization of an Early Pre-Impact Fall Alarm System Based on MEMS Inertial Sensing Units

Falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths worldwide, so how to prevent falls has become a safety and security problem for elderly people. At present, because the sensing modules of most fall alarm devices generally only integrate the single 3-axis accelerometer, so the measured accuracy of sensing signals is limited. It results in that these devices can only achieve the alarm of post-fall detection but not the early pre-impact fall recognition in real fall applications. Therefore, this paper aimed to develop an early pre-impact fall alarm system based on high-precision inertial sensing units. A multi-modality sensing module embedded fall detection algorithm was developed for early pre-impact fall detection. The module included a 3-axis accelerometer, a 3-axis gyroscope and a 3-axis magnetometer, which could arouse the information of early pre-impact fall warning by a buzzer and a vibrator. Total 81 times fall experiments from 9 healthy subjects were conducted in simulated fall conditions. By combination of the early warning threshold algorithm, the result shows that the detection sensitivity can achieve 98.61% with a specificity of 98.61%, and the average pre-impact lead time is 300ms. In the future, GPS, GSM electronic modules and wearable protected airbag will be embedded in the system, which will enhance the real-time fall protection and timely immediate aid immensely for the elderly people.

Design of Wireless Fire Detection and Alarm System Based on ZigBee Technology

In order to transmit temperature and smoke signals timely and accurately in the fire alarm system of community, design one kind of wireless fire detection and alarm system, which is based on the wireless communication technology, ZigBee. When acquisition module receive the signals which come from the wireless data acquisition module which connected the room with temperature detection module, and then, send to the nearest backbone transceiver module, the defined center module receive the signals, at last, the signals are local-stored or transferred to fire center by GPRS. This design with the characters of low price, high efficiency and reliable, has a certain market.

The Design of Ultrasonic Ranging Car Collision Prevention Alarm System

This article in view of the situation of highway automobile rear-end collision accident frequency, designed and developed based on the ultrasonic ranging car anti collision warning system, its main purpose is to get the driver more parking time, thereby reducing the occurrence of accident. The design on the basis of the minimum safety distance model, and puts forward the system solution: by ultrasound to measure the distance of the two cars, using this system as the control core, for the analysis of all kinds of information, when driving distance less than the minimum safety distance control will alarm and stop the car.

The effects of air temperature and humidity on the acoustic design of voice alarm systems on underground stations

Sound attenuation of air due to climatic conditions is often assumed to be constant and/or negligible in the electro acoustic design of voice alarm (VA) systems. However, air attenuation variations can be significant in large underground spaces and particularly as the frequency increases to the mid to high frequencies which are the most relevant to speech intelligibility. This investigation evaluates and quantifies the impact of the variability of the most influential climatic parameters, air temperature and relative humidity, on the performance of VA systems in underground stations. Computer simulations were employed to predict the effect of varying these climatic parameters on key performance metrics. Results demonstrated a significant increase in the values of reverberation time parameters with both temperature and humidity, at frequencies critical for speech intelligibility. Consequently the values of speech intelligibility related metrics decreased with rising temperatures and humidity. Hence, the study shows how ignoring temperature and humidity effects can lead to calculation errors in the design of VA systems. These errors could cause over-specification of the absorption required of surface materials, and the inaccurate prediction of acoustic and speech intelligibility related parameters.

Design of Intelligent Alarm System Based on GSM Network

For the feature that the alarm system of home, industrial site security and anti-high temperature was limited by lines, we constructed an intelligent alarm system based on the GSM network to realize the wireless remote detection and control by sending and receiving messages via the GSM network technology. Practice has proved that the system has a wide application prospect with low misinformation rate, simple operation and higher cost-effectiveness.

A dynamic alarm management strategy for chemical process transitions

Chemical processes frequently operate upon a multitude of steady states and transitions between these states are inevitable. Unfortunately, transitions are exactly where alarm floods often occur. Alarm floods cause critical alarms overwhelmed and thus increase the probability of larger safety issues. Existing techniques for the design of alarm systems mostly focus on one steady state of operation and yet cannot effectively deal with alarm floods during transitions. In this paper, a dynamic alarm management strategy is proposed for controlling alarm floods during transitions of chemical processes. In this strategy, the artificial immune system-based fault diagnosis (AISFD) method and a Bayesian estimation based dynamic alarm management (BEDAM) method are integrated. During transitions, dynamic alarm limits obtained by the BEDAM method can control alarm floods. However, if a process fault occurs during transitions, a flood of alarms could still be yielded. To generate useful alarms in fault situations, an artificial immune system based on dynamic time warping (DTW) is used for fault detection and diagnosis. Finally, in case studies, the dynamic alarm management strategy is applied to the startup stage and a throughput change transition in a pilot-scale distillation column.

Optimal level-crossing prediction for jump linear MIMO dynamical systems

In this article, the theoretically optimal prediction of level-crossings for a jump linear MIMO (multi-input/multi-output) dynamical system driven by a control input is investigated. The study of this problem is motivated by the practical implications for design of an optimal alarm system as applied to the advance prediction of adverse events, which will elicit the fewest false alarms for a fixed detection probability. It was found that using an additional control input term results in increased uncertainty due to the associated model for the control. However, using the appropriate condition for optimality provides an accommodation for this uncertainty which does not translate into compromised predictive capability. For the given application, it was observed that modeling the control input as a linear dynamical system results in better prediction performance and qualitatively has a higher model fidelity than when using a hidden Markov model for the same function.

"Turn it off!": diabetes device alarm fatigue considerations for the present and the future.

Safe and widespread use of diabetes technology is constrained by alarm fatigue: when someone receives so many alarms that he or she becomes less likely to respond appropriately. Alarm fatigue and related usability issues deserve consideration at every stage of alarm system design, especially as new technologies expand the potential number and complexity of alarms. The guiding principle should be patient wellbeing, while taking into consideration the regulatory and liability issues that sometimes contribute to building excessive alarms. With examples from diabetes devices, we illustrate two complementary frameworks for alarm design: a "patient safety first" perspective and a focus on human factors. We also describe opportunities and challenges that will come with new technologies such as remote monitoring, adaptive alarms, and ever-closer integration of glucose sensing with insulin delivery.

사업장 화재 경보음 인지정도에 관한 연구

사업장 내에 존재하는 다양한 소음에 의해 피난에 많은 영향을 주고 있다. 특히 사업장에서 가동되는 각종 기계설비 및 유틸리티 설비의 기기음(암소음)에 의해 화재경보음 인지가 지연되어 사망률이 증가되고 있다. 또한 최근 들어 값비싼 토지 비용 때문에 고층의 아파트형 공장이 도심지 또는 대도시 근방에 많이 건립되고 있다. 이러한 아파트형 공장에서 화재가 발생 될 경우 인명피해는 더욱 늘 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 분석하기 위해 실제 상황을 조장하여 경종의 형식 승인 및 검정기술기준 시험세칙(KOFEIS 0305)과 미국방화핸드북(Fire Protection Handbook)의 측정기준 및 예시기준에 따라 조건별로 실험하였다. 실험은 복도에 있는 경종을 소음측정기로 90dB 음량으로 세팅하고 실내에서 기기실로부터 녹취한 기기음을 스피커로 음(70dB, 80dB, 90dB)을 발생시켰다. 그리고 청력에 이상이 없는 20대초 연령의 피험자를 대상으로 거리별, 출입문의 개 폐 조건별, 기계음 종류별, 방음보호구 착용여부 조건에 따른 경보음 인지정도 측정 및 분석을 하였다. 실험결과 기기실 문을 닫고 방음보호구를 착용 시 대부분의 피험자가 화재경보음을 인지하지 못하였다. 미국방화협회(NFPA)에서는 암소음이 85dB이거나 이상일 경우 다른 경보방법을 강구하도록 되어있다. 따라서 기기음과 장소의 특성을 고려하지 않는 일률적인 화재경보음의 설계에 대한 제도적 및 법적개선이 요구되는 결론을 도출하였다. Most work places operating machines have a lot of background noise that affect evacuation from a factory. Especially, a lot of background noise from utility machines cause delay of awareness of fire alarm sound and also increase death rate. Currently, skyscraper type factories have been constructed at around big cities because of high land price. The complexity of skyscraper type factories leads to increase death rate on fire.This study was to research problems using experiment as the same workplace situation according to KOFEIS 0305 and the US Fire Protection Handbook. The experiment was conducted using the speakers to produce machine sound(70dB, 80dB, 90dB) in the room. The fire alarm sound was produced from a corridor. Also the experiment was done using persons(around 20 years old and without damage of ears) under different conditions such as distance from the alarm system, open and closed doors, machine sounds, and with and without ear protection. As a result of the measurements, it showed that in the case of wearing ear protection, most people could not hear fire alarm sound in the room with closed door. NFPA suggests that the alarm system should be considered of other methods to know alarm sound when the background noise exceeds 85dB or more. Therefore it was concluded that the design of the fire alarm systems should not be applied to the workplace without considering background noise and that there needs to be improvement with regulations and the systems.

Design of Long Distance Fluid Transport Pipe Leakage Detection and Remote Alarm System

Design of Long Distance Fluid Transport Pipe Leakage Detection and Remote Alarm System