Health Sciences Descriptors Research Articles

INTERVENÇÃO NO AUTOCUIDADO DE PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS TIPO II ATENDIDOS EM UNIDADES NO BRASIL: REVISÃO NARRATIVA DURANTE O PERÍODO 2016-2023

INTRODUCTION: Studies conducted in Brazil also corroborate the association between obesity and type 2 diabetes (DM2). More than 70% of patients diagnosed with the disease are overweight or have some degree of obesity, which reinforces the importance of sel-care as a preventive and treatment measure. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the self-care intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes in units in Brazil. METHODOLOGY: The study is a narrative review of the literature, utilizing electronic databases such as PubMed (US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health), the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and the Virtual Health Library (BVS). To analyze the descriptors most suitable for the study's objective, the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) were used. RESULTS: Presentation of the articles included in the sample, highlighting the type of study, author, year, sample characteristics, and country/state, among others. DISCUSSION: Managing diabetes requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving health education, self-care, and continuous medical support. Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of interventions focused on promoting self-care to improve health outcomes in patients with diabetes. CONCLUSION: The study highlights the importance of self-care, health education, and family support in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Collaboration between doctors and patients, along with the use of technologies, can enhance outcomes. Therefore, it is essential to invest in health education programs that prioritize individualization and collaboration to improve the quality of life for patients with diabetes.

ANÁLISE DO NÍVEL DE PRODUÇÕES SOBRE PREVENÇÃO QUATERNÁRIA

The objective of this study was to analyze the level of productions on quaternary prevention. An integrative literature review study was conducted using the secondary databases Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Online System for Search and Analysis of Medical Literature based on the specific descriptors retrieved from the Health Sciences Descriptors. Quaternary prevention breaks with the curative biomedical paradigm and focuses on the disease instead of the individual, thus, it is disruptive, as it builds a new paradigm of professional performance. In this sense, quaternary prevention involves the responsibility of health professionals to identify patients and/or users who are at risk of mistaken interventionist practices, which can cause more harm than good health outcomes, caring for these individuals.

IMPORTÂNCIA DO AUTOCUIDADO COM A FÍSTULA ARTERIOVENOSA EM PACIENTES DE HEMODIÁLISE: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Chronic Kidney Disease is characterized by a slow and progressive decline in kidney function, with hemodialysis being an essential treatment in advanced stages. For the success and effectiveness of hemodialysis treatment, an effective vascular access is necessary. Considered the gold standard for providing efficient treatment with greater comfort and longevity, the arteriovenous fistula is preferable, but its maintenance requires proper self-care practices. Objective: To understand how the lack of self-care can impact complications associated with the arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients. Method: This is an integrative review, in which articles were searched through the Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases (Scielo, Lilacs, and Medline) and PubMed, using combinations of the following indexed Health Sciences descriptors: ("self care" OR care) AND "Renal Dialysis" AND "Arteriovenous Fistula" AND Nursing. Results: The results highlight the need for educational interventions and practices aimed at specific self-care for the preservation of the arteriovenous fistula. Conclusions: A deficit in self-care practices related to the arteriovenous fistula is recognized. The relevance of the nursing professional in nephrology is emphasized, highlighting their central role in promoting self-care for the arteriovenous fistula

CANDIDÍASE ORAL EM USUÁRIO DE PRÓTESE DENTÁRIA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA SOBRE ETIOLOGIA, DIAGNÓSTICO E TRATAMENTO

Oral candidiasis is a common condition primarily caused by the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans, an opportunistic microorganism that is part of the normal oral microbiota. The clinical presentations of oral candidiasis can be divided into primary or secondary forms. The primary form can manifest in the following subtypes: pseudomembranous, erythematous, and hyperplastic. Another category, known as 'denture stomatitis,' is associated with the use of removable dental prostheses. Based on this relationship between disease development and the use of dental prostheses, the present study aims to conduct a literature review on the topic. Searches were conducted in the PubMed and SciELO databases using Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH): "Oral Candidiasis," "Dental Prosthesis," "Oral Pathology," "Oral Hygiene," and "Oral Rehabilitation," combined with the boolean operators "AND" and "OR." A total of 167 articles were identified. After an initial review, articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria of this study were excluded, resulting in only 13 articles being included. It was concluded that poor hygiene of dental prostheses is identified as the main predisposing factor for the development of this condition, emphasizing the importance of preventive interventions and the adoption of regular maintenance routines.

IMPACTOS DA FISIOTERAPIA NA REDUÇÃO DAS DORES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS EM MULHERES ADULTAS COM LOMBALGIA, UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Introduction: Low back pain is defined as one of the leading causes of disability in adult women, primarily affecting functionality and well-being. Physiotherapy aims to provide comfort and improve quality of life through strategies that seek to minimize the discomfort caused by this condition. This paper analyzes and presents physiotherapy techniques for reducing musculoskeletal pain in adult women with low back pain. Objective: The objective was to identify the most effective approaches for symptom relief and functional rehabilitation of these patients. Methodology: The structure is a literature review, composed of articles published between 2018 and 2024 from databases such as PubMed, BVS, Lilacs, and Scielo. Descriptors in both Portuguese and English were used according to DeCS/MeSH (Health Sciences Descriptors). Keywords were applied with filters for language (Portuguese and English), publication year (2018-2024), article type (clinical trial, observational study), and full-text availability. Results: The search highlighted the results of physiotherapy, particularly through specific stability exercises and pain neuroscience education. These interventions significantly reduced pain and improved the quality of life in women with low back pain, as the overall prevalence of low back pain was notably higher in women compared to men. Discussion: Various techniques were examined to evaluate the main evidence on the impacts of physiotherapy in reducing musculoskeletal pain in adult women with low back pain. There was some complexity in finding evidence that specifically addressed the topic. Conclusion: Physiotherapists are trained to rehabilitate and prevent, playing a crucial role in pain reduction, functional improvement, and improving lives. They hold an essential and indispensable role in this context.

Os efeitos curativos do uso da pele de tilápia para curar queimaduras e feridas

Introdução: A pele de tilápia, um peixe de água doce, está sendo utilizada no tratamento de pacientes com queimaduras graves. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as evidências sobre o uso da pele de tilápia na cicatrização de queimaduras. Material e Métodos: A metodologia utilizada foi uma revisão de literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de busca eletrônica de artigos científicos publicados nos sites Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde) e Pubmed. Foram utilizadas as terminologias de saúde consultadas nos descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS/BIREME); evidências sobre o uso da pele de tilápia na cicatrização de queimaduras. Discussão: os bons resultados com pele de tilápia, solução salina, hidrofibra com prata e sulfadiazina de prata, porém a pele de tilápia e seus derivados apresentaram melhor delineamento das bordas da ferida, redução do exsudato, redução da formação de crostas, manutenção da umidade local. Isso resultou em tempos de cicatrização mais curtos, menos trocas de curativos e menos dor relacionada às trocas de curativos. Os testes histológicos mostram biocompatibilidade entre a pele humana e a pele de tilápia, sendo que nos testes microbiológicos não foi identificado crescimento bacteriano, e nas análises bioquímicas, a pele de tilápia apresentou maior porcentagem de colágeno tipo I do que o observado na pele humana, e mostrou-se resistente nos testes de tração. Conclusão: Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão mostraram que o uso da pele de tilápia como curativo biológico é eficaz no tratamento de queimaduras, pois adere bem ao leito da ferida, tem boa resistência à tração, não tem antigenicidade e reduz a dor. A assistência à saúde prestada ao paciente queimado é realizada diretamente pela equipe de enfermagem, que realiza todos os curativos e avalia o processo de cicatrização. O uso da pele de tilápia como curativo alternativo para esses pacientes permite que os enfermeiros prestem uma assistência de melhor qualidade e melhorem o conforto do paciente.

CORRELATION OF Trichomonas vaginalis INFECTION AND PROSTATE CANCER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Introduction: The presence of T. vaginalis in men should be investigated in terms of its ability to trigger inflammatory reactions and tissue changes capable of damaging the prostatic tissue. Objective: To assess whether there is a correlation between T. vaginalis infection and the risk of developing prostate cancer through systematic investigation. Methodology: To obtain the original studies, crosses were made between the descriptors in Health Sciences and Free Terms, in English and Portuguese, in the databases without limitation for the year of publication. Result: Of the nine articles used, four indicate the association of T. vaginalis infection with developing a malignant prostatic tumor. However, we emphasize the lack of studies with larger population groups and more specific and sensitive methodologies. Conclusion: We emphasize that seven articles were conducted with men residing in the United States, therefore, studies with the male population of other countries are fundamental for a better understanding of the association of T. vaginalis infection with the development of prostate cancer.

Linfoma não Hodgkin da Zona Marginal Extranodal Tipo MALT com Acometimento da Coluna Torácica: revisão Sistemática da Literatura e Relato de Caso em um Hospital Universitário no Brasil

Background: Primary bone lymphomas are rare, accounting for less than 1% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). Extranodal marginal zone non-Hodgkin lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arising in the vertebral spine is extremely rare, with only seven cases reported. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted on cases from 2012 to 2022 of extranodal marginal zone MALT lymphoma involving the vertebral spine and associated with spinal cord compression. Additionally, a case report from a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro is described. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (approval number: 5.818.416). Searches were performed in SciELO, PubMed, and LILACS databases, using the Health Sciences Descriptors: ("Vertebral Body" OR Spine) AND ("Lymphoma B-Cell Marginal Zone" OR "MALT Lymphoma" OR "Lymphoma of Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue" OR "Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma"). Articles with full texts available in English or Portuguese were selected. Case Description: A 56-year-old female presented with right-sided back pain, progressing to right flank irradiation, lower limb weakness (LLLL), and constitutional symptoms. MRI revealed a solid extradural mass occupying two-thirds of the vertebral canal's diameter, displacing and compressing the dorsal cord to the left. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed infiltration. Laminectomy was performed, and histopathology identified stage IVB extranodal marginal zone MALT lymphoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy led to complete remission. Results and Discussion: The literature review uncovered two relevant case reports. The thoracic spine was the most commonly affected region, and LLLL weakness was the most frequent symptom, with normal laboratory results. Treatment typically involved surgical tumor removal combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Recurrence occurred in both cases, but follow-up showed no evidence of disease. The clinical presentation and exam findings of the current patient were similar to those in the literature, though with bone marrow infiltration. Treatment was consistent with cases in the review, with no recurrence to date. Conclusion: This case represents an uncommon manifestation of primary extranodal marginal zone MALT lymphoma with spinal cord compression, distinguished by bone marrow infiltration—a feature not previously reported in the two cases found in the literature. The case may be considered within the same group of cases reviewed.

Adverse effects resulting from the use of zolpidem hemitartrate: A literature review

Objective: To investigate and discuss the risks associated with the use of the drug in order to clarify the possible damage to health. Methods: Through an integrative review, using the guiding question “What are the main adverse effects and impacts of using zolpidem?”. The search was carried out in the main databases: Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS), Medical Literature and Retrieval System onLine (MEDLINE/PubMed®), Periódicos CAPES and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). MESH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCs (Health Sciences Descriptors) were used as descriptors in the search strategy. The search strategy followed the criteria of the Boolean operator “AND”, which combines terms. The terms used were zolpidem “AND” adverse effects AND overdose, during the month of September 2024. Results: Zolpidem is a drug of paramount importance for the treatment of cases of insomnia, and long-term medical therapy should be monitored to assess efficacy, the emergence of adverse effects and the onset or worsening of comorbid conditions. Conclusion: Strict prescription control and continuous evaluation of its impact on patients' physical and mental health are essential to avoid abuse and serious complications.

VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA E ATENDIMENTO ODONTOLÓGICO: A NECESSIDADE DE UM MANUAL DE CONDUTAS PARA CIRURGIÕES-DENTISTAS

The objective of this study is to help health professionals, especially dentists, know how to identify, approach and appropriately manage the cases of patients who have been victims of domestic violence, by offering clear, evidence-based guidance. It is carried out through a literature review, addressing issues such as oral and maxillofacial trauma associated with domestic violence. The databases consulted included LILACS, SCIELO and PUBMED, the controlled descriptors used and listed by the Health Sciences descriptors (DeCS) were: “Facial trauma”, “Domestic violence” and “Violence against women. The results highlight the need for training health professionals to ensure sensitive care and the importance of collaboration with other areas, such as psychology and social assistance. It is concluded that the implementation of the manual could improve the early detection of abuse and provide more integrated support for victims of domestic violence. Continuous training and awareness raising of dentists are essential to face the ethical and practical challenges related to caring for these patients, contributing to a more effective approach to combating domestic violence.

Etiology, Epidemiology And Methods Of Preventing Sudden Death Of Cardiac Origin In Sports

Introduction: Numerous epidemiological studies have consistently shown an association between moderate aerobic exercise and decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and death, and even a small amount of exercise provides a significant reduction in risk compared to a sedentary lifestyle Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the etiology, epidemiology and prevention of sudden cardiac death in sports. Methodology: The methodology used was a literature review. The research was carried out by means of an electronic search for scientific articles published on the Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Lilacs (Latin American Health Sciences Literature) and Pubmed websites. The health terminologies consulted in the Health Sciences descriptors (DeCS/BIREME) were used; the etiology, epidemiology and ways of preventing sudden cardiac death in sports practices. Discussion: An important distinction must be made between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and “athlete's heart syndrome”. In this syndrome, intense physical training leads to various morphological and physiological alterations, especially left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion: The complete health safety of athletes consists of periodic pre-participation clinical assessment as well as emergency measures, mainly in competition venues, consisting of the availability of health professionals

Low Intensity Laser Therapy: A Review of Its Applications and Effectiveness in Health, General Dentistry and Endodontics

Aims: To evaluate the use of low-level laser therapy in endodontic treatment and its broader applicability in General Health and Dentistry. Study Design: Literature review. Place and Duration of Study: The study involved searching articles and book chapters in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases from 2018 to 2023, with the review concluding in 2024. Methodology: The review used descriptors from the Brazilian Health Sciences Descriptors database: Laser Therapy, Low-Level Light Therapy, Endodontic Treatment, Dentistry, and their Portuguese equivalents. A total of 34 articles were selected, focusing exclusively on low-level laser therapy and its applications. Articles not addressing this specific therapy were excluded. Results: Low-level laser therapy is frequently used as an adjunct in general health, dentistry and endodontic treatment. Clinical applications, such as postoperative pain control, root canal system disinfection, periapical surgery, and tissue repair, showed promising results. However, more theoretical and clinical evidence is still required to fully establish its efficacy. Further research is needed to strengthen the evidence base and optimize its clinical use. Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy offers a potential non-invasive treatment option in endodontics, with satisfactory outcomes in various clinical applications.

Forensic Psychiatry Analysis and Methods for Assessing The Mental Health of A Serial Killer.

Psychosis is a mental illness that causes an alteration in the notion of reality, where a world of its own is formed in the mind of the psychotic, in other words, he lives in a delirium and suffers hallucinations, hearing voices and having bizarre visions. Objectives: To carry out a literature review on Forensic Psychiatry and how to assess the mental health of a serial killer. Method: The methodology used was a literature review. The research was carried out by means of an electronic search for scientific articles published on the Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Lilacs (Latin American Health Sciences Literature) and Pubmed websites. The health terminologies consulted in the Health Sciences descriptors (DeCS/BIREME) were used; regarding Forensic Psychiatry and how to assess the mental health disorder of a serial killer.The inclusion criteria were: original article, published in Portuguese and English, freely accessible, in full, on the subject, in electronic format and published in the last years (2010 to 2024), totaling 26 articles. Results and Discussion: While antisocial personality disorder is a medical diagnosis, the term “psychopathy”, which belongs to the psychiatric-forensic sphere, can be understood as a “legal diagnosis”. There is still no effective treatment for so-called “serial killers”. Conclusion: Personality disorders, especially the antisocial type, still represent a real challenge for forensic psychiatry today. The most appropriate and fair place for its sufferers, as well as homogeneous treatment recommendations, are still unanswered questions.

FATORES ASSOCIADOS À QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE CUIDADORES DE IDOSOS COM DEMÊNCIA

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the quality of life of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's dementia. An integrative literature review study was conducted using the secondary databases Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online and Online System for Search and Analysis of Medical Literature based on the specific descriptors retrieved in the Health Sciences Descriptors. The factors associated with the quality of life of caregivers of elderly people with Alzheimer's dementia were burden, functional decline and dependence of the elderly to perform activities of daily living, degree of dementia severity, longer time since diagnosis and living with the demented elderly, socioeconomic conditions, psychological stress and decline in social relationships, environment domain, psychological and physical. It is essential that care is also cared for, both from the point of view of health and in relation to public policies of social security and assistance.

Accidents with Lepidoptera (Insecta): Biology, Poisonous, Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, Prevention, and Therapeutic Possibilities

Accidents triggered by contact with winged adult forms of moths and accidents caused by contact with larvae. These accidents are caused by contact with the bristles on the abdomen of females of certain species, belonging to the genus Hylesia Hübner, 1820 (Family: Hemileucidae). Therefore, the simple fact of penetration of the bristles seems to be capable of causing intense inflammatory, popular, and pruritic reactions. Pararama (pararamose) is the common name for a stinging caterpillar found in the artificial rubber plantations of Pará, Brazil, the larval stage of the moth Premolis semirufa (Walker, 1856) (Famíly: Erebidae). Therefore, accidental contact with the small bristles of the caterpillars or with those of the cocoons causes a chronic inflammatory reaction in the interphalangeal joints that leads to ankylosis. The morbid condition mainly affects rubber tappers and is classified as an occupational disease. Eruca=larva; erucism is poisoning caused by a moth larva. The main families of Lepidoptera fireworms that cause erucism accidents are Megalopygidae, Saturniidae, and Arctiidae. The caterpillars of the Megalopygidae family have a body covered with long, harmless bristles that cover the smaller, sharp spines that carry poison glands this manuscript aims to report the biological characteristics of venomous Lepidoptera (Insecta) and their biological, clinical manifestations, treatment, prevention, and therapeutic possibilities. That paper is a narrative review of the literature, which is designed to explain and discuss a certain subject from a theoretical or contextual perspective, to allow the reader to acquire or update knowledge on a specific topic. The scientific articles that made up this review were searched on Google Scholar, Biological Abstract, HAL, Qeios, ResearchGate, Scielo, and SSRN. The following descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) were used: biological therapy, larva, wound, debridement, and healing. The following inclusion criteria were considered: original articles and reviews, published nationally and internationally in full, available electronically, and published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The exclusion criteria were dissertations, theses, monographs, and conclusion work, duplicates, and those that required payment to access the content in full.

Compressive Syndrome of the Ostio-fibrous Tunnel at Carp Level - A literary review

CTS tunnel syndrome is characterized by compression of the median nerve inside the carpal tunnel, at the level of the wrist. This disease still has unknown etiology, but it presents itself in a secondary way when related to other pathologies. Compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel occurs in most cases of nonspecific chronic flexor tenosynovitis, and it can also occur in many other nosological entities or lesions that occupy space in the tunnel. The prevalence of ostiofibrous tunnel compression syndrome at the carpal level is estimated to be between 4% and 5% of the population, ranging from 51 to 125:100,000, and it occurs more frequently in females, especially between 40 and 60 years of age. The main clinical manifestations include paresthesia in the territory of median nerve sensitivity (particularly in the thumb, index, middle and radial aspect of the ring finger), hyperesthesia (less frequent hypo or anesthesia), wrist pain that may radiate to the fingers, hands, elbows, and in some cases, even the shoulder (such symptoms may disappear with movement of the limb or massage). Diagnosis must be clinical, based on the patient's history and physical examination. For the physical examination, the Tinel and Phalen tests can be used. Complementary tests are used to make a diagnosis, the most recommended being: electroneuromyography (ENMG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US). Treatment can be conservative or surgical. The conservative way consists of adopting techniques to alleviate symptoms, such as pain control through wrist orthoses for immobilization, injections and medication, alternative therapies and physiotherapy. Surgical treatment aims to decompress the median nerve and reduce pressure on the carpal tunnel. This approach is adopted when conservative treatment does not lead to an improvement in the clinical condition within 6 to 8 weeks. This paper aims to review the medical aspects of ostiofibrous tunnel compression syndrome at the level of the carpus. The methodology used is analytical in nature through a literature review. The data extracted in the research were from the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) with the descriptors: median nerve, wrist and carpal tunnel syndrome, according to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS). To perform the crossing of these, the Boolean operator AND was used. 43 articles were found and after inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 articles were used. Those used for inclusion: articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish, between June 2015 and July 2021, and that were available in full and for free online access. Studies that did not address the relevant concept for achieving the objective were excluded; repeated studies; according to criteria of methodological quality. Thus, the medical evaluation must be performed in a specific way, making it essential to collect the clinical history, physical exams and complementary exams in order to choose to improve conservative therapy and, later, surgical, if necessary. These facts will allow a greater therapeutic success, allowing the greatest well-being to the patient.

Nursing Care For Patients With Stroke Victims: An Integrative Review

The study aims to analyze the nursing care offered to patients who have suffered a stroke; identify the main risk factors and forms of prevention; describe the main conducts adopted by the nursing team to patients suffering from a stroke. As a method, it is characterized as an integrative literature review study. The search was carried out during the months of July and August 2024, in the databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval Online System (Medline), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences ( Lilacs ), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Nursing Database (BDENF), National Library of Medicine (NLM/ PubMed ) and ScienceDirect . Using the combination of descriptors contained in the Health Sciences Descriptors ( DeCS ), the following descriptors were used in English, Portuguese and Spanish: “Stroke Vascular Accident” AND “Nursing Care” AND “Cerebrovascular Accident” in conjunction with the Boolean operator OR. Ten articles were selected. As a result, three categories were highlighted according to thematic similarity: Stroke (CVA) and risk factors; nursing care offered to patients who are victims of Stroke and the conduct adopted by the nursing team in the care of patients with Stroke. Finally, it is of great relevance to highlight the assistance to patients affected by Stroke, thus emphasizing that the nursing area is composed of professionals dedicated to offering assistance and care that aim at both the prevention of the disease, treatment, cure, and the rehabilitation of patients, providing quality assistance, applying conducts based on scientific knowledge

ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE A EFICÁCIA DIAGNÓSTICA DA RADIOGRAFIA E ULTRASSONOGRAFIA EM PACIENTES COM PNEUMOTÓRAX

INTRODUCTION: Pneumothorax is a serious medical condition, caused by the presence of air in the pleural cavity, which can lead to serious complications and even be fatal if not treated quickly. Chest radiography is the traditional diagnostic method, but it has limitations, and in this context, ultrasound has stood out as a promising alternative for the diagnosis of pneumothorax, having high sensitivity and specificity in some contexts. OBJECTIVES: This article aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and chest radiography in the emergency department. METHODOLOGY: We carried out a broad search in several academic databases, using several Health Sciences Descriptors. The objective was to retrospectively compare the diagnostic accuracy of pneumothorax between radiography and ultrasound performed by non-radiologists in emergency patients. RESULTS: This study analyzed the effectiveness of chest radiography and ultrasound in diagnosing pneumothorax. 10 studies were included, 9 of which used the patient as the unit of analysis, with 1170 patients, and 460 with confirmed traumatic pneumothorax. 80% of studies presented a high risk of bias in patient selection. There was heterogeneity in the sensitivity of chest radiography, indicating the influence of the size of the pneumothorax, clinical conditions, and imaging techniques. Ultrasonography showed greater sensitivity and specificity than radiography; however, the results highlight the importance of considering different clinical contexts when choosing the best imaging modality to diagnose pneumothorax in emergencies. CONCLUSION: Thoracic ultrasound performed by non-radiologists is more accurate in diagnosing pneumothorax in emergency room trauma patients than chest radiography. The results highlight the potential of ultrasound as an effective diagnostic tool, easily integrating into trauma care protocols. Its use in medical training programs can improve the speed and accuracy of diagnosing critical conditions such as pneumothorax. The routine use of ultrasound in trauma management can bring positive changes to clinical practice, offering faster and safer interventions to patients.

Characteristics of Venomous Coleopterans and Their Venom with Therapeutic Power (Insecta: Coleoptera)

The medical importance linked to these beetles is because they have a terpene in their hemolymph insect blood that is soluble in various organic solvents, but practically insoluble in water, cantharidin. Only synthesized male cantharidin is stored until mating and transferred to the female at the time of copulation. When molested, these insects expel the toxin through the membranous joints of the body, causing vesicles similar to burns on human skin. Meloid beetles generate a poisonous chemical compound to, among other things, defend themselves from their predators. An international research team involving the Complutense University of Madrid has shown that cantharidin is toxic to several common parasites. The results explain that some birds, such as the great bustard, ingest this type of beetle, among other beneficial properties, due to the antiparasitic activity of cantharidin. The objective of this manuscript was to describe the characteristics of venomous coleopterans and their venom with therapeutic power (Insecta: Coleoptera). This is a narrative review of the literature, which is indicated to explain and discuss a certain subject from a theoretical or contextual perspective, in a to allow the reader to acquire and/or update knowledge on a specific topic. The search for scientific articles that made up this review was carried out on Google Scholar, Biological Abstract, HAL, Qeios, ResearchGate, Scielo, and SSRN. The following descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS) were used: biological therapy, larva, wound, debridement, and healing. The following inclusion criteria were considered: Original articles and reviews, published nationally and internationally in full, available electronically, and published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The exclusion criteria were dissertations, theses, monographs, and conclusion work, duplicates, and those that required payment to access the content in full.

Analysis of interventional cardiological risk in emergency aid: Indications and procedures

Introduction: Interventional cardiology procedures require special preparation recommended in the form of a protocol for each service. It is understood that the need for this is an advance for the ICHS, mainly because anxiety and fear accompany patients. Objetives: The aim of this study is to carry out an up-to-date literature review on information about hemodynamics and interventional cardiology services. Material and Methods: The methodology used was a literature review. The health terminologies consulted in the Health Sciences descriptors (DeCS/BIREME) were used; information on Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology services. Results and Discussions: Hemodynamics and interventional cardiology is an area of cardiology that diagnoses and treats diseases of the heart and blood vessels using catheters. The Hemodynamics service is responsible for performing cardiac catheterization for the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. The department performs the procedure on adults and children. Many patients are referred to the interventional cardiologist after an assessment with the clinical cardiologist. However, some go to the emergency department first because they have symptoms that could be considered serious, such as chest pain or even because they are already having a heart attack. Conclusions: Through procedures such as catheterization, angioplasty, intracoronary ultrasound, among others, interventional cardiology is a procedure without cuts, which allows patients to recover quickly. In this case, it can be used both to treat coronary artery disease, such as angina and heart attacks, as well as structural heart disease, such as problems with heart valves like severe aortic stenosis.