Narrative Description Research Articles

Social Structures and Family Systems: An Analysis of Cultural Influences

Objective: This narrative review aims to dissect the complex interplay between cultural influences, social structures, and family systems, highlighting how cultural contexts shape and are shaped by social dynamics and family relationships. Methods and Materials: Utilizing a descriptive narrative review methodology, this article synthesizes a wide range of peer-reviewed literature from 2000 to 2023. It employs a comprehensive search strategy across multiple databases, focusing on works that explore the nexus of culture, social structures, and family systems. Findings: The review uncovers significant evidence of the profound impact of cultural norms and values on the formation and functioning of family systems within various social structures. It identifies key patterns of cultural influence across different societal contexts, emphasizing the diversity of family dynamics and social interactions shaped by cultural backgrounds. Conclusion: Recognizing and understanding the cultural underpinnings of social structures and family systems is crucial for developing culturally sensitive theoretical frameworks, effective practices, and inclusive policies. This review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and cultural competence in addressing the complexities of social and family dynamics in a globalized world.

Separatist and Terrorist Movements in Papua: The Challenges of Social Disaster Management and the Important Role of Human-Made Disaster Intelligence

The Papua secessionist movement hinders Indonesia's stability efforts. The government has implemented measures, deploying intelligence for managing social crises as defined by Law 24 of 2007 on Disaster Management. The present study examines the separatist movement in Papua, its resultant societal upheaval, and the crucial role of intelligence in mitigating this societal crisis. The study explores applying Human-Made Disaster Intelligence, using AI and data tech, to mitigate risks in the Papua case. This study employs a literature review with 26 sources to explore challenges posed by separatist and terrorist movements in Papua. Data is gathered from official sources, excluding personal websites and social media. The study was conducted from January to March 2023. Data analysis utilizes descriptive narratives to qualitatively explore separatist and terrorist movements, social disasters, intelligence, and the Papua region. The research findings demonstrate that the separatist movement in Papua has resulted in a significant societal calamity, causing conflicts, casualties, and economic challenges. Man-made disaster intelligence is proposed to manage social disasters by collecting and analyzing data related to separatist activities. Intelligence plays a crucial role in detecting and mitigating risks associated with separatism, offering preventive and remedial measures. Challenges include limited resources and the need for collaboration among intelligence agencies. Strategic measures to enhance intelligence involve increased resources, collaboration, transparency, and the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for data analysis. The complexity of using AI in countering separatist movements requires careful consideration of data sources, collection methods, and reliability measures.

Pandangan Gereja Terhadap Budaya Tionghoa Altar Leluhur Meja Abu

One of valuable asset of the nation is various caltural since all we know that Indonesia has rich variaty culture widely spreaded in the nation, from Sabang to Marauke. The country of Indonesia has enormous cultural capital, has the potential to function as a source of accelerating national development more quickly.A qualitative method used in this type of reseach and included checking incident. It is a technique that combines qualitative and descriptive analysis and is used to conduct this kind of research. Findings are presented in descriptive narrative, and the authors emphasize the natural and holistic focus and multi-method research.Family can take an important role in developing their childrent's socializing skill by helping the children to understand how to respect the tradition of Ash Table, and also introducing the kids the value of religion and culture that related to their ritual.Moreover, family has a good chance to take a part as a model for others by maintaining the consistency this routine excercise to practice. This practice has the ability to lead the family to be solid and an excellent reminder of their background of ancestors and spiritual that they share to one each other.

Exploring the evidence for email phishing training: A scoping review

BackgroundPhishing emails are a pervasive threat to the security of confidential information. To mitigate this risk, a range of training measures have been developed to target the human factors involved in phishing email susceptibility. Despite the widespread use of anti-phishing training programs, there is no clear understanding of the extent to which these approaches have been assessed. ObjectiveThe primary aim of this scoping review was to identify and describe the nature of available training interventions and their measurable outcomes on user susceptibility, as reported in published articles. MethodsSystematic searches identified 42 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Each study was critically analysed, and a standardised data extraction spreadsheet used to systemise the data that informed the descriptive narrative review. ResultsFindings revealed that near-term training impact is well documented, however evidence on the success of programs in driving sustained behavioral change is limited. Components of training design influencing the effectiveness of outcomes included training intensity, active approaches to learning, the provision of detailed feedback, and supplementing attentional awareness skills-based training with traditional cue-based approaches. ConclusionsImproved user resilience to phishing emails confirms the utility of training as an important defensive mechanism, although current approaches continue to leave trainees at risk.

Cases on Arts Entrepreneurship

Cases on Arts Entrepreneurship (Tonelli, M., & Heise, A. [Eds.]. [2023]. Cases on Arts Entrepreneurship. Edward Elgar Publishing) presents a collection of thirteen case studies that will be much appreciated by professors who teach and students who are studying entrepreneurship in the arts. Each case study exhibits a similar framework: a descriptive narrative that runs between seven and sixteen pages, including references; Teaching Notes that include an abstract, learning outcomes, keyword topics, discussion questions, a seventy-five-minute class plan, and supplemental readings (if any). The editors provide a brief introduction to the book’s purpose as well as a seven-page concluding chapter that identifies five themes that emerge across chapters: exposure to the arts at a young age, network and relationship building, kindness and collaboration, financial management, and balancing multiple income streams.

VALUES ORIENTATION CHANGING IN SOCIAL BEHAVIOR OF THE ADHERENTS TAREKAT NAQSYABANDIYAH MUDZAHARIYAH

Research on social change in a tarekat has been conducted by many researchers. However, the results of the research are still descriptive narrative. Therefore, this study focuses on changes in the value orientation of the behavior of Naqsyabandiyah Mudzhariyah adherents, a congregation that is widely adhered to by Madurese people, especially residents of Gersempal Omben Sampang village. As part of religious teachings, tarekat not only functions as a doctrine and dzikr ritual, but also as a social control that can shape people’s behavior. This research aims to obtain data about the Naqsyabandiyah Mudzhariyah tarekat which is influenced by the doctrine of the tarekat ‘s teachings. This research method is qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study used interviews, documentation, and observation. While for data analysis, researchers dialogued the data with the theory of Sufism and social behavior. The results of this study obtained aspects of religiosity of tarekat adherents grouped into four groups, namely the ideological dimension, the ritual dimension, the experience dimension, and the religious knowledge dimension. In addition, this study also produced findings of four social behaviors reflected in the behavior of Gersempal villagers as adherents of the Naqsyabandiyah Mudzhariyah order. 1). Ascetic orientation reflected in work ethic behavior. 2) Al-Ta’awun value orientation which is manifested in helping behavior. 3) Futuwwah value orientation, which is reflected in giving behavior, and 4). Transcendental communication which is reflected in silaturrahmi behavior. These four behaviors are the result of the accumulation of the Tarekat doctrine.

Evaluation of Early Marriage Prevention in Adolescent Children: A Descriptive Qualitative Study of the Implementation of Maturing Marital Age in Kotabaru, Indonesia

Introduction: Early marriage of girls increases the risk of death and morbidity in mothers and babies, including stunting. Several policies and programs to mature or increase the age of marriage have been implemented to eliminate this practice, but early marriages are still found. Purpose: This research examines in depth the evaluation of the implementation of the program for maturation and increasing the age of marriage for adolescent children. So, it can be identified the factors that cause teenage marriage to still be high. Method: A qualitative descriptive method was used as a research design and recruited six participants to study the maturation program and increasing the age of marriage as the main participants and triangulation participants. Participants triangulate the validity and reliability of information. Data or information collection uses interviews which are reported in the form of narrative descriptions and analyzed using an interactive analysis model for coding. Results: We found 3 research results on the reasons why there are still early marriages among adolescent children: (1) various limitations in the transformation of maturation programs and increasing the age of marriage; (1) the implementation of the program to increase the marriage age according to students has not met expectations; and (3) adolescent children who marry early are still found after graduating from school. Conclusion: The experience of adolescent children who took part in the maturation program and increasing the age of marriage felt that it did not meet expectations. Adolescent children still marry early after graduating from high school. This study indicates the need for adolescent children to receive early marriage education and its impact needs to be evaluated and improved from the input, process, and output aspects of implementing the maturation program and increasing the age of marriage so that it is attractive and meets the expectations of adolescent children.

Learning the Prophet Muhammad’s Da’wah History to Improve Students’ Spiritual Intelligence

The study's overarching goal is to shed light on how educators might help their pupils grow spiritually by studying Islamic cultural history and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. The goal of this qualitative research is to provide a narrative description and explanation of the actions taken. Information gathered from class X (tenth grade) students' firsthand accounts of classroom instruction and classroom activities at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 in Tangerang Regency. According to the findings, educators can improve their own spiritual intelligence by studying Islamic cultural history through the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. By using the example method of instruction, we can learn about the qualities that the Prophet Muhammad possessed and taught, such as diligence, perseverance, accountability, patience, and unwavering commitment to spreading Islam. The next step is to incorporate bartering questions into student discussions as a means of encouraging them to be more receptive to new ideas and perspectives. This is because students work in groups to generate and respond to questions, as well as to explain and critique one another's answers. As a result of their involvement with the religion that the Prophet Muhammad battled for, pupils develop spiritual indicator intelligence, a strong feeling of caring, a tendency to be generous, and an enduring desire to be of service to others.

Factorial structure of quality of life, satisfaction with caregiving and caregiver burden in palliative care: A systematic review.

The aim of this research is to identify the main approaches and domains of palliative care quality assessment through three questionnaires used for this purpose. Systematic review. The proposed analysis process consists of three stages from 2000 to 2020: (i) massive literature search, (ii) text mining and (iii) systematic reviews carried out on the QLQ C30, Zarit Burden Interview and FAMCARE questionnaires. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA-P) have guided our research. Sixteen papers were included in our study. The main findings have been summarised using a descriptive narrative synthesis approach. Systematic reviews evidenced that such tools present variable factor structures or latent domains. The results obtained are generally representative of the evidence supporting the factor structure of the QLQ-C30 in the general cancer population. The factor structure of the Zarit Burden Interview remains ambiguous, although the idea of a unifactorial structure predominates. In the case of FAMCARE, most of the factor structures differ from the initial proposal of Kristjanson. The categorisation of the main subjective assessment approaches could be useful for the construction of a coherent system of indicators to be used in nursing practice. For its part, the variability in the latent dimensionality of the questionnaires analysed could be due to: (i) the characteristics of the sample, (ii) the population studied, (iii) cross-cultural variability, (iv) the design of the questionnaire and (v) the analysis techniques employed.

Partners for quality: building professional pathways for diverse adult learners in early childhood education

PurposeThis paper describes the rationale and key aspects of how one school-university partnership leveraged resources to create, implement and refine an innovative professional pathway called the Early Childhood Certificate (ECC) program which reflects the National Professional Development Schools (NAPDS) Essential Guideline 4: Reflection and Innovation. The ECC program is an innovative, career-building model that leverages resources between a predominantly white regional state university, a nonprofit organization serving as a Head Start grantee, a large urban school district and community-based education settings across a Midwestern metropolitan region.Design/methodology/approachThis descriptive narrative documents how the ECC program developed as a professional pathway for early childhood educators to scale up their skills for teaching young children while strengthening their capacities and credentials within the early childhood education (ECE) profession pipeline. The narrative includes relevant literature and examples from the field.FindingsThis paper includes a discussion of the benefits and challenges related to the design, implementation and refinement of the professional learning ECC program.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a descriptive narrative. As such, generalizability is lacking. Research is needed to determine the effectiveness and sustainability of innovative teacher education programs.Practical implicationsRelevant research and lessons learned provide guidance for other school–university partnerships to consider how to meet workforce and career needs for educators in the field of ECE.Social implicationsSchool–university partnerships can be change agents and positively impact early childhood educators' career development.Originality/valueThis paper addresses the need for understanding how predominantly white early childhood teacher education programs can partner with schools and agencies and then together leverage resources to support workforce and career development opportunities.

Antithrombotic Management for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

There have been significant changes in the optimal antithrombotic regimen post transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) after the results of major clinical trials in the past few years. Given the clinical importance of the optimal antithrombotic therapy post TAVI, we performed a narrative description of the major clinical trials behind the scientific evidence supporting these changes, as well the current guideline recommendations and knowledge gaps. We performed a narrative description of the major clinical trials behind the scientific evidence supporting these changes. We used PubMed as a major source to collect the major clinical trials including the following key words: "transcatheter aortic valve replacement", "transcatheter aortic valve implantation", "antithrombotic", "antiplatelet" and "anticoagulation". We selected the major clinical trials on this topic. This is not a systematic review or meta-analysis. We describe the results of the major clinical trials on antithrombotic therapy post TAVI: POPULAR-TAVI A, POPULAR-TAVI B, ENVISAGE-TAVI AF, GALILEO, ATLANTIS and ADAPT-TAVR trials. Based on the results of these trials, single antiplatelet therapy is recommended post TAVI in patients without concomitant indication for oral anticoagulation or dual antiplatelet therapy, especially in elderly patients. In younger patients, it is advised to evaluate the patient's bleeding and thrombotic risk, and dual antiplatelet therapy may be reasonable in patients with a high thrombotic risk and low bleeding risk. In patients with a concurrent indication for oral anticoagulation or dual antiplatelet therapy, it is recommended to continue oral anticoagulation or dual antiplatelet therapy post TAVI. In most patients without concomitant indication for oral anticoagulation, single antiplatelet therapy is recommended post TAVI.

Teenage Girls' Perspective on Father's Leadership in Meeting Family Needs in Minang Society

Leading the family is the responsibility of a father as the head of the household. Thus, the head of the family carries significant responsibilities in meeting the needs of the family. The purpose of this research is to obtain a descriptive narrative from teenage girls regarding the duties and responsibilities of fathers in providing for the family in the Minangkabau community. The method used is qualitative descriptive, with the population and sample being students. The results obtained describe how fathers fulfill the family's needs in terms of clothing, food, and shelter. Additionally, data was collected on how fathers meet the social needs of a child in their environment. The conclusion drawn is that fathers in Minang, according to teenage girls, are capable of meeting the family's needs, but there is also considerable support from mothers in fulfilling these needs

Non-specific effects of Pneumococcal and Haemophilus vaccines in children aged 5 years and under: a systematic review

ObjectiveTo determine the evidence for non-specific effects of the Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenza vaccine in children aged 5 years and under.Data sourcesA key word literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, The...

Reasons for switching the primary health providers among national health insurance participants in Klungkung District, Bali Province, Indonesia

Background and purpose: National Health Insurance Provider (BPJS Kesehatan) facilitates the distribution of National Health Insurance (NHI) participants. High number of 1,947 NHI participants were switched primary health providers in Klungkung, Bali between July to December 2021.This study aims to explore the reasons for the switching of providers among NHI participants and the health providers’ efforts to minimize it. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study guided by an access theory was conducted in Klungkung District between December 2022 to March 2023. A total of 18 informants were purposively recruited, consisting of NHI participants (12 people), health service providers (4 people), BPJS Kesehatan (1 person) and staff of the district health office (1 person). Data was collected through in-depth interviews guided by interview guidelines. Data were analyzed using a thematic approach and presented in a descriptive narrative. Results: NHI participants in Klungkung District switched provider due to spatial and non-spatial reasons. Spatial reason was the distance and time to the health provider. Non-spatial reasons included (1) conflict in social relations due to service and negative attitudes of health workers, (2) economic considerations in the health system which are difficult to reach, and (3) external encouragement. Strategies that have been or can be implemented to minimize the switching of PHCs were adjusting operational hours, improving the infrastructures, administration through fulfilling accreditation, service quality and training for human resources. Conclusion: The dominant reason for switching of PHCs is associated with negative social interaction experiences related to human resources and service facilities at PHCs. PHCs are expected to be able to improve the quality of services through improving human resources and service delivery facilities.

Cyberspace: between Character Changes and Digital Literacy Programs in Elementary Schools in the Independent Curriculum

This research aims to describe changes in the character of elementary school-age students due to the influence of cyberspace and digital literacy programs in the independent curriculum in responding to the challenges of cyberspace influence. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study. The data and data sources for this research were obtained from a study of cyberspace and its impact on student character and independent curriculum documents regarding digital literacy programs. This research data was collected from previous research, then critically analyzed and presented in a descriptive narrative. From the results of data analysis, it was found that cyberspace had a positive and negative impact on the character of elementary school-age students. Positive character changes if students have good literacy skills and through guidance from parents and teachers. Meanwhile, elementary school students who do not have good literacy and use cyberspace freely without control have a negative impact on their character. As for digital literacy in the independent curriculum learning outcomes, students are more dominant in having digital skills and are not yet comprehensive in the four pillars of digital literacy (digital skills, digital culture, digital ethics, and digital safety ), so the implementation of digital literacy needs to be carried out comprehensively through guidance, parental and teacher control.

The Challenges While Conducting Ethnography Research among Minority Ethnicities in the Malaysian Context

Ethnography is a qualitative technique researchers use to study people in their own environment through participant observation and face-to-face interviewing. It involves witnessing and/or interacting with the participants in their natural settings, in their cultural context, and then creating a narrative description of that culture against a theoretical background. Ethnography is applied in various social sciences. It is challenging and has many difficulties since it is time-consuming and requires highly qualified researchers due to the critical nature of involving diverse people to gain trust. Although the study among minorities in Malaysia is still at the elementary stage, ethnography is gaining pace. This qualitative study aims to 1) analyse the unexpected challenges faced by the researchers during the ethnography research among minority ethnicities in the Malaysian context and 2) to record methods to be applied. The study used purposive sampling to study three minority ethnicities in Malaysia; the Baba and Nyonya, the Chetties and the Iban communities. This research highlighted the ethnographer’s unexpected challenges in gaining trust to gather experience throughout the ethnography study. Conducting ethnographic research can be subject to unexpected circumstances such as the movement control order during the pandemic, the lack of trust between the researcher and the participants, and the language barrier. Several processes are involved to establish the confidence and to gain the trust of the participants. This study reveals the unexpected challenges of conducting an ethnography study among minority ethnicities in Malaysia and the methods such as digital, field and photos to overcome them.

Citizenship education courses are used as a means of implementing multicultural education at the Politeknik Pelayaran Sorong

The importance of intercultural education in vocational education motivates this study. This study aims to give a "rationalization" of the relevance of optimizing education, particularly civic education courses, as a kind of intercultural learning. This study employs a qualitative approach combined with descriptive methodologies. Study topic requirements do this and acquire in-depth information that incorporates social reality, and the findings will be conveyed subsequently in the form of reports and narrative descriptions. The study's findings show that the application of multicultural education in citizenship education courses at the Sorong Shipping Polytechnic can be seen in three major parts of the learning process: planning as seen from the lesson plan created independently by the lecturer, implementation of the material presented, and methods. Evaluation criteria for assessing learning outcomes that incorporate the weight of attitude assessment throughout the learning process are utilized. The cadets' concept of multiculturalism may be demonstrated via three multicultural components: their understanding of diversity awareness, openness to differences, and fair and equitable treatment.

Person-centred caregiver singing for people living with dementia in South Africa: A mixed methods evaluation of acceptability, feasibility, and professional caregivers' experiences.

Dementia care in South Africa faces challenges including a paucity of published research, a prevalent medical model in healthcare, and inadequate caregiver training. Music is a meaningful psychosocial intervention in dementia care, yet its application is not always safe and effective. A training protocol was codesigned to enhance caregivers' delivery of person-centred care through attuned, live singing. This study explored the acceptability and caregivers' experiences of a person-centred caregiver singing (PCCS) protocol in South Africa. A PCCS workshop was applied at seven aged care homes in Cape Town, South Africa. Forty-one formal caregivers adhered to inclusion criteria and consented to attend one workshop on PCCS. Mixed methods data collection was obtained from questionnaires containing a Likert scale and written reflections. Quantitative data were analysed through nonparametric tests and narrative descriptions, and qualitative data through thematic content analysis. Findings were integrated deductively using seven components of acceptability. Findings converged to show caregivers' positive experiences, highlighting observed improvements in residents' wellbeing, caregivers' capabilities, empathic connection, and person-centred care beyond the one-on-one. Caregivers' limited song repertoire and residents' unpredictability hindered implementation, however, the skills acquired appeared useful and applicable. Integration of findings suggests the acceptability of PCCS as caregivers experienced PCCS as a helpful, easy-to-implement intervention that contributes to their delivery of person-centred care. Further research focused on caregiver self-efficacy, empathy, and caregivers' own personhood is needed as well as determining the most effective strategies to ensure maximum uptake and sustainability in the sector. Formal caregivers participated in this study, both attending the training and implementing the singing protocol with residents in their care at their respective care homes. The people living with dementia residing at the care home were recipients of the singing protocol but not included as participants in the research.

Police Violence in Health Care Settings in US Media Coverage

Hospitals do not collect or share data tracking their policing and security activities despite their reliance on police and security personnel, including armed officers. Thus, little is known about how hospital security is associated with patient and staff safety. To examine the harms exerted by health care-affiliated police and security personnel. For this qualitative study, data were collected using a systematic Media Cloud search for US news media coverage from January 2011 to May 2022. A total of 18 987 articles on policing and hospitals were screened and a content and thematic analysis of articles that met the search criteria was conducted, which involved incidents that revealed harm to patients, patients' families, and staff. Data were analyzed from October 2022 to April 2023. Incident year, incident location (hospital name, city, state), survivor and victim characteristics (race and ethnicity, presence of mental illness), and a narrative description of the incident focusing on outcomes of harm exerted by police and security personnel in the health care setting. A total of 48 unique stories across 25 US states were included. The median (range) year published was 2017 (2009-2022). Harms reported to have been perpetuated by health care-affiliated police and security personnel were identified within 5 domains from 48 unique incidents: (1) patients shot by police or security personnel (17 patients); (2) patients subject to excessive use of force (17 patients); (3) patients arrested (7 patients); (4) patients subject to sexual assault (2 patients); and (5) hospital personnel or those considered collateral damage shot, injured, or arrested (5 individuals). Most survivors and victims were Black, although the race and/or ethnicity of involved individuals was not routinely reported across the news stories. Mental illness was the most documented medical condition among patients injured or killed by health care-affiliated police and security personnel. This qualitative study of US news media found that police and security personnel in hospitals were reported to have perpetuated harm via excessive force, sexual assaults, injuring patients and health care workers, and fatal shootings. Compounded by a lack of transparency and accountability mechanisms, this may represent an underrecognized manifestation of structural racism at the organizational level. Policy suggestions include introducing accountability measures, deescalation techniques, and removing arms from hospital security personnel to reduce harm and fulfill health care's healing mission.

From cocoons to butterflies: Cross-cultural resilience of the first graduates of an international undergraduate pedagogy program at the University of Pécs

The University of Pécs, UP has a long tradition of training international students, and educational sciences related programs have a crucial role within this repertoire. Amongst these programs an undergraduate one, i.e. Pedagogy BA – Intercultural Educational Assistant Specialization was developed, authorized and issued in the middle of the Covid 2019 Pandemic.
 Due to the international nature of the program both its content and command must meet criteria of current standards, therefore it aims at fulfilling the ethos of the 2030 OECD Learning Compass. The first graduates received their degrees in July 2023, and are heading towards their future careers as educators – but are they armed with competences suggested by the OECD 2030 Learning Compass?
 Besides outlining the peculiarities of the program, and the ways its designers coped with the struggles of the circumstances of the pandemic years via the author’s (i.e. program manager’s) participative-observational narrative description, a brief interpretation of students’ cross cultural resilience is being introduced based on a survey carried out amongst the first graduates. Their feedback is overall positive regarding the development of their own self-perceived cross cultural resilience. Also, it may be concluded that the newly introduced major could cope with the challenges that occurred during the years of the Pandemic.
 The practical significance of this report is obvious, as it reflects on relevant lessons that may be learnt by the management of the program and initiators of future programs alike. It also calls attention to the significance of the learner’s role shift that may be attached to the OECD 2030 Learning Compass framework.