Dermatoglyphic Patterns Research Articles

The Palmar Dermatoglyphic Patterns in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Cases- A Study in South Indian Population

Diabetes mellitus [DM] is a major disease worldwide with increasing prevalence. Its etiologic heterogeneity comprising genetic predisposition and environmental factors may provide a characteristic feature among the population helpful for the early diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the palmar dermatoglyphic patterns in DM patients. This case controlled cross-sectional study included 100 type 2 DM patients in group A and 100 healthy subjects in group B. Each group has equal gender distribution. The palmar dermatoglyphics were evaluated quantitatively using standard methods. Student’s t-test and Chi-square test was used to determine the level of significance. The palmar triradius number varied significantly (Pd”0.0001). The angle of palm variations were statistically insignificant between groups, but TAD angle showed significant gender variations in group A patients (Pd”0.0001). The variation in palmar triradius revealed in this study may help in early diagnosis of type 2 DM patients and also may provide a scope for further studies with larger sample size.

A-b Ridge Count and Its Correlation with Epilepsy

The study of ridges of skin is called dermatoglyphics. It is recognized as a valuable method for medicolegaland anthropological studies. The permanency of the finger patterns, the extreme variability from oneindividual to the other and easy analysis are some of the reasons for its wide applications in a varietyof conditions. Dermatoglyphic patterns are determined by genetic factors. It has been proved that geneticfactors are responsible for idiopathic epilepsy. Hence there is a scope for the study of relationship betweenepilepsy and dermatoglyphic patterns.Objectives : • To study the A-b ridge count in generalized tonic clonic seizure patients.• To compare this dermatoglyphic configuration of cases with the normal population.Methods : The ink method was followed to take finger and palm prints. The palmar prints of 50 epilepticpatients and 50 normal individuals of both sexes were collected for the study.Conclusion: There is no significant association found between a-b ridge count and epilepsy patients whencompared to normal.

Dermatoglyphic Patterns of the Medical Students and their Parents in Jammu Region of North India

Background and Aims: Fingerprints have a general flow to the ridges that translates into three major pattern types;a whorl, loop, or arch. Pattern types are considered to be genetically inherited, but the individual details that makefingerprint unique are not. This descriptive study was conducted to differentiate the fingerprint patterns of MBBSstudents to their parents and to look for the uniqueness of fingerprint patterns in these medical graduates.Methods: To do this study, all ten fingerprints were examined from hundred first-year MBBS students of AcharyaShri Chander College Of Medical Sciences in the Jammu region of north India over 6 months from September 2019to February 2020 along with their two biological parents. Rolled fingerprints were obtained by carbon ink in all 300subjects divided into three groups(fathers, mothers, and students). Fingerprint patterns were examined by magnifyingglass under the supervision of a forensic expert of our institute and classified as loops, whorls, or arches.Results: The most frequent fingerprint pattern in all 3000 fingers examined is the loop pattern, which represents64.8%, followed by whorl pattern 30.8% and the least frequent pattern is arch(4.3%).these results were almost similarin medical graduates fingerprints patterns(loops 63.7%,whorls32.5% and arches 3.8%)indicating no difference fromother groups. Students show similar fingerprint patterns with those of their father’s fingers in 659 fingers, 468 asmatching loop patterns, 187 as a whorl, and 4 arch pattern types and the percent of similarity was 65.9% withhigher similarity in the RL 76% and LL72% fingers. Students show similar fingerprint patterns as that of theirmother in 685 fingers, 500 as matching loop patterns, 183 as a whorl, and 2 arch pattern types and the percent ofsimilarity was 68.5% with higher similarity in the RT78% and RL finger 78%. Fathers and mothers groups unrelatedgenetically when observed among themselves for similarity in fingerprint pattern showed similarity in 584 fingers,455 as matching loop patterns, 125 as a whorl, and 4 arch pattern types and the percent of similarity was 58.4% withhigher similarity in the LL77% and RL73% fingers.The statistical analysis for similarity correlation between students’ and fathers’ fingerprints shows a non-significantp-value found in the right index, left index, left middle, and left little fingers while other fingers show a significantp-value. Similarity correlation between students and mother shows a non-significant p-value found in the rightmiddle, left thumb, left index, left middle, and left little fingers while other fingers show a significant p-value.Similarity correlation between father and mother showed no significant correlation in all fingers except in the LLfinger, and negative correlation in RT, RM, and LM fingers.Conclusions: We concluded that the most common fingerprint pattern is the loop followed by whorl then archin MBBS graduates of our institute along with their parents. Moreover, the present study showed that fingerprintpatterns do not 100% match one of the parents; nevertheless, there is a similarity between offspring and their parents.

Does Dermatoglyphics An Essential Tool for Predicting Dental Caries? - A Systematic Review

Background: Dermatoglyphics is one the vital tool which helps to predict many systemic diseases includingoral problems. Dental caries seems to be a major problem overall the globe. The best way to manage thiscondition is only early diagnosis.Aim: This study aims to assess whether dermatoglyphics effective in predicting dental caries.Materials and Method: A systematic review of controlled trials was performed. The data were handsearched using electronic databases and the 328 number of articles were screened. The intervention andoutcomes were assessed in the study included for systematic review. The bias assessment of the articles wasdone by using Newcastle Ottowa scale.Results: Seventeen cross-sectional studies were included in our systematic reviews. Of that sixteen articleswere found to be statistically significant, but further studies should be done in other countries to prove theassociation between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries.Conclusion: The pattern of dermatoglyphics was found to be very effective in predicting dental caries andthereby prevent the caries formation at an incipient stage.

Relation between dermatoglyphic patterns and intelligence quotient and socioeconomic status in healthy children and children with intellectual disability: An observational study

AIM: To measure the intelligence quotient (IQ) and documentation of dermatoglyphic patterns of normal and children with intellectually disability aged between the 5-11 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted in two schools and the Red Cross Society. A total of 100 children aged between 5-11 years equally owed into two groups based on IQ using adaptive covariate randomization. Ravens Progressive Color Matrices were used to measure IQ of the children, whereas IQ of intellectually disabled (ID) children was measured by the Seguin board; both the scales are nonverbal intelligence scales, respectively. Bilateral palmar and fingerprints were obtained on the bond paper by the ink method using the rolling technique. Prints thus purchased were analyzed for the dermatoglyphic variables using a magnification lens and are read based on Cummins and Midlo classification The children were also classified according to the socioeconomic status of their parents and whether any correlation exists between IQ and socioeconomic status exists was assessed. The analysis performed by using the crosstabs and Chi-square tests for fingertip patterns and creases. For ATD angle, (a, t, d Triradii Angle) t-test for the equality of means performed. For statistical significance, two-tailed probability values of RESULTS: Among the children with below-average IQ and also the ID children difference in dermatoglyphic patterns exists in between digits I, II, IV, and V of the right hand and digits I, II, III, and V of the left side. CONCLUSION: Dermatoglyphics can consider as a preliminary noninvasive approach for the determination of IQ. Furthermore, it plays an imperative role, especially in distinguishing genetic intellectual disabilities. There was no association between socioeconomic status and IQ of children.

Correlation between dermatoglyphic pattern and dental caries among dental students in a dental college in Mangalore

Introduction: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease caused by a microbial infestation of the teeth. It has been found that some individuals have a genetic predilection for being affected by caries. The fingerprint patterns found in humans are unique and form during the 3rd week of gestation from the same site from which the development of teeth occurs. Thus, it can be theorized that if a person has a genetic predilection for caries, then it would be reflected in the fingerprint pattern too. Aims: To find a correlation between the incidence of caries and the fingerprint patterns and to find which classification has the highest incidence of caries. Methodology and Materials Used: A cross-sectional study was performed on 440 students aged between 18 and 26 years. Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) method was performed for collecting the data regarding caries incidence, while the stamp pad method was used for getting the fingerprints. They were then classified, and statistical analysis was done with their respective DMFT scores. Results: Among all the patterns, the loop pattern was found among 312 students (70.1%) followed by whorl (92, 20.9%) and arc pattern (36, 8.2%) Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that there is a definite correlation between the number of loops pattern and the presence of dental caries. Hence, dermatoglyphics can be used as a screening method to provide adequate preventive treatment to individuals showing a higher caries risk as detected by the hand ridge patterns.

Dermatoglyphics and Cheiloscopy patterns in hypertensive and type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients: An observational study.

Background:Essential hypertension is a type of hypertension which bears no etiological reasons. It is found to affect approximately 90 to 95 percent of hypertensive individuals. Similarly, type 2 diabetes or diabetes mellitus is a genetically determined systemic condition with a close relation to familial medical history. Both of these conditions or diseases are closely linked with the process of ageing among various other inherited and genetically determined factors. Importantly, a positive family history increases disease risk manifolds. As there is increased risk of hypertension and development of type 2 diabetes in individuals with family history because of genetic factors, the study of co-relation between dermatoglyphics and hypertension can aid in early identification of individuals with a genetic predisposition towards developing hypertension and type 2 diabetes.Aim:The aim and objectives were as follows: (1) Analyze dermatoglyphic finger patterns; (2) Analyze cheiloscopic patterns; (3) Comparison of cheiloscopic and dermatoglyphic patterns with hypertension and type 2 diabetes; and (4) to determine if dermatoglyphics and/or cheiloscopic patterns can be used as tool(s) for pre-identification of inherited diseases.Materials and Methods:Total 300 study participants age range above 40 years were selected after obtaining informed consent. Lip patterns were recorded using a dark-colored lipstick and a transparent cellophane tape while finger print patterns were recorded using stamp ink-pad and by applying uniform finger pressure on blank paper sheet.Results and Observations:Cheiloscopic patterns analysis showed that the branched, straight, intersected, reticular followed by undifferentiated patterns were present in decreasing frequency among male patients while among female patients, branched, intersected, straight and reticular patterns were observed. However, no undifferentiated pattern was observed in female subjects. These findings were consistent with both diabetic as well as hypertensive patients. On the other hand, finger pattern analysis showed that ulnar loop was most frequently observed in both male and female patients with either hypertension or type 2 diabetes. Also, this was followed in decreasing order by arch type pattern, radial loop pattern and whorl pattern in both genders.Conclusion:It can be surmised from the study that both the finger prints and lip patterns can be used to ascertain predisposition to type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Association between ABO, Rh blood groups, lip and dermatoglyphic patterns, and nonsyndromic oral clefts: A case-control study.

The objective of the study is to determine the association between nonsyndromic oral clefts (OC) in children and ABO, Rh blood groups, lip, and dermatoglyphic patterns of their unaffected parents. This case-control study was conducted at a tertiary cleft center in Chennai, India, among 240 individuals comprising 80 units (40 cases and controls, respectively). Each unit (triad) was constituted by a child (0-12 years of age) either born with nonsyndromic OC (cases) or with no diagnosed congenital anomaly (control) and their unaffected parents (mother and father). ABO and Rh blood groups, specific lip print, fingerprint pattern, and palmar asymmetry were recorded for each individual. Strength of association of related factors was assessed by multivariable logistic regression reported as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence interval. A1-positive blood group was found to be considerably higher among case mothers (14.39 [1.57-32.27]). A higher odds of OCs were observed among case mothers with whorl lip pattern (1.51 [1.16-3.17]) and radial loop pattern in fingers (1.44 [1.09-2.31]) relative to controls. In addition, palmar asymmetry was distinctively higher among case parents compared to controls (P < 0.01). Findings indicate that A1-positive blood group, higher frequency of whorl lip, and radial loop finger patterns in mothers and higher ulnar loop pattern in fathers and palmar asymmetry in both parents increases odds of occurrence of OC among their offspring. These identifiable traits offer potential scope for better service planning among resource-constrained disadvantaged communities in India.

ДЕРМАТОГЛИФЫ ПАЦИЕНТОВ, СТРАДАЮЩИХ РЕВМАТИЧЕСКИМИБОЛЕЗНЯМИ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ ЭТИОЛОГИИ

Mutations and genetic diseases, caused by genome disorders, frequently manifest at the phenotypic level and, especially, at the dermatoglyphic level, that makes it possible to use dermatoglyphs as markers of any genetic diseases. Rheumatic diseases is a group of disorders, characterized by systemic conjunctive tissue damage, essentially, connected with immune system pathology. Systemic progressive disorganization of conjunctive tissue is morphological base for the whole group of rheumatic diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis are multifactorial and difficult-to-diagnose in the early stages diseases, that indicates the need to identify markers, that allows to detect these diseases as early as possible. A special role in the pathogenesis of these diseases is assigned to the genetic component, while recent studies have highlighted the shares of genetic determination in the disease’s advance are somewhat differ. The goal of this research was to identify the features of dermatoglyphic patterns of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Finger dermatoglyphic drawings of patients suffering from ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and representatives of the general population sample were studied. Statistical data processing was performed using non-parametric Van der Waerden test. To establish predictors of these diseases, ROC analysis was used. In persones suffering from ankylosing spondylitis there were found more differences in finger patterns from the control group, than in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. So, the total ridge count and the intensity index of the patterns on the left arm of patients with ankylosing spondylitis were lower than in the control group. Peoples with ankylosing spondylitis had more predictors of pathology than patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The analysis of the results shows that the absence of radial loops on the right arm and double loops in the examined persons may indicate the probability of developing these diseases. All predictors of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis were characterized by high sensitivity and low specificity, which makes them convenient markers for preliminary screening studies and the formation of risk groups for the development of these pathologies. However, it is not recommended to use these predictors for establishing a final diagnosis, since their low specificity will cause to a large number of false-positive results among the examined persons. Individuals with ankylosing spondylitis have more differences in fingerprints from the control group and more predictors of pathology than patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It can be assumed that the genetic component plays a more significant role in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis, and the formation of rheumatoid arthritis is more caused by environmental factors. Our study confirms the feasibility of considering dermatoglyphs as an additional genetic marker in clinical medicine. Dermatoglyphic indicators can be used in the formation of risk groups for inflammatory joint diseases for primary prevention, for solving a number of issues of medical and genetic consulting, which indicates the prospects of this research area.

An adaptive approach to detection of dermatoglyphic patterns of bangladeshi people with down syndrome using fingerprint classification

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is studying the patterns of the ridged skin of the palms, fingers, soles and toes. The patterns are formed early in the foetus. This study was designed to observe dermatoglyphic changes amongst the Down syndrome patients and compare the change with the typical healthy research participants. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Chittagong Medical College (CMC), Chattogram, from January 2018 to January 2019. A total of 200 participants were included by convenient sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. One hundred Down syndrome patients were recruited in the study group from different Down syndrome society organisations in Bangladesh. One hundred other medical science and dental background students studying at CMC were selected as controls irrespective of sex. Dermatoglyphic print was taken by the ink and paper method. The detailed dermatoglyphic analysis was done by using a magnifying glass, calculator and scale. A two-sample proportion test has been conducted to compare the proportion of fingerprint patterns of whorls, ulnar loops, radial loops and arches of both hands in the Down syndrome patient and control groups. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the prediction of fingerprint pattern from the presence of Down syndrome and gender. Results: It is observed that the ulnar loop is more prominent in both hands of Down syndrome patients than in the control group irrespective of sex (P

Association between Dermatoglyphics and Early Childhood Caries among Preschool Children: A Pilot Study.

Context:Primary teeth and dermal ridges form around the same time in utero. Hereditary and intrauterine factors affecting the formation of primary teeth may affect dermal ridge formation also.Aims:This pilot study was conducted to see the association between dermatoglyphics and dental caries among preschool childrenSettings and Design:Cross sectional, case–control design.Materials and Methods:One hundred, healthy preschool children aged 3–6 years attending private kindergarten participated. They were divided equally into caries active and caries free group based on the oral examination. The fingerprint patterns were collected for all the fingers of both hands of children and categorized as loop, whorl or arch for each finger of the right and left hand.Statistical Analysis Used:Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and Independent t-test to compare the dermatoglyphics patterns between the caries-free group and the caries active group for each variable.Results:(1) Dental caries susceptibility of an individual decreases with an increase in the incidence of loop pattern, followed by whorl pattern and arch pattern; (2) Left hand loop was found statistically significant (P = 0.03); (3) Presence of loop pattern in left hand thumb predicts significantly lower risk of caries, whereas the presence of arch pattern in left hand thumb predicts significantly high risk of early childhood caries (P = 0.01).Conclusions:The caries free status of a preschool child increased with the presence of loop on the left thumb.

A study of dermatoglyphic patterns and its correlation in bronchial asthma

Background: Dermatoglyphics is the study of epidermal ridge pattern of sole, palm and finger tips. Dermatoglyphic traits develop in early phase of development and are genetically controlled. Genetic basis of bronchial asthma (BA) is well established. More than one member of the family may be affected by the same disease. We tried to correlate dermatoglyphic patterns of bronchial asthma patients and their first degree relatives and its clinical implications, if any. Methodology: dermatoglyphic prints were obtained from the hands of 125 patients and their first degree relatives (son & daughter) and compared with 150 normal subjects included as control group. Both qualitative (finger print pattern) and quantitative parameters (a-bridge count, atd0, TFRC) of the subjects were measured. Results Conclusions: Study showed an increase in the number of whorls and TFRC in almost all the digits in BA patients and their first degree relatives as compared to control group. Dermatoglyphic patterns help in early identification of patients with respiratory symptoms that may develop BA and helps in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. Keywords: AFRC; Bronchial asthma; Dermatoglyphics; TFRC.

Study of ATD angle in epileptic patients- A parameter in palmar dermatoglyphics

Introduction: Dermatoglyphics is the study of quantitative and qualitative patterns of ridge in palms and soles. It is being investigated in diseases having genetic basis. The recent evidence from adoption studies has provided a basis for the genetic contribution in generalized tonic clonic seizures. The parameter taken is ATD Angle and measured and compared between cases and controls. Objectives: To study the ATD angle in palmar dermatoglyphic patterns in generalized tonic clonic seizure patients. To compare dermatoglyphic angle of cases with the normal population. Materials and Methods: The ink method was followed to take palm prints. The palmar prints of 50 epileptic patients and 50 normal individuals of both sexes were collected for the study. ATD angle was measured and compared with normal. Results: ATD angle is increased in both right and left hands of combined series of male and female epileptics and only in left hand of female epileptics which is statistically significant. Interpretation and Conclusion: There is significant difference in the epileptic patients in various. dermatoglyphic features when compared to controls. One of them is with respect to ATD angle. Hence, it is possible to identify ‘at risk’ population with the help of dermatoglyphics. Keywords: Dermatoglyphics, Epilepsy, ATD angle.

Compare and correlation of dermatoglyphic patterns (fingerprint and palm patterns) among normal individuals and patients with type-2 Diabetes Mellitus attending the medicine OPD in a tertiary care Hospital

Diabetes is a global disease and is rising in occurrence though the rate of increase is higher in developing countries than that in the developed countries. Dermatoglyphics is a branch of science involved in the study of epidermal ridges on the surface of fingertips, palms, soles and toes A case control study was conducted at Bapuji Hospital, Davngere to compare dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and normal subjects and also to check if an association between type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and dermatoglyphics exists. The study concluded that there were no association between dermatoglyphics (pattern of fingerprints and triradii angles) and diabetes mellitus when the population was considered as a whole(males and females together) but there were significant differences when the sexes were considered separately.

DERMATOGLYPHIC ANALYSIS IN TURNER’S SYNDROME

The palm- and finger-prints of 10 patients suspected to have Tumers syn¬drome were analysed. The results were compared to the dermatoglyphic patterns characteristic of Turner’s syndrome found in the literature. In 3 cases a dermatoglyphic picture corresponding to that of the literature was observed. In one case a perfect analysis could not be performed because of a congenital malformation of one of the hands. In 4 cases no perfect correspondence was found. With the aid of dermatoglyphic examinations the possibility of Turner’s syndrome was excluded in 2 cases. In these 2 cases the karyotypes did not prove to be X monosomy either. The method is believed to be useful for dif-ferential diagnosis of gonadal dysgenesis.

Impact of NRG1 HapICE gene variants on digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in schizophrenia.

Multiple lines of evidence have suggested a potential role of Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) in the neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Interaction between genetic risk variants present within NRG1 locus and non-specific gestational putative insults can significantly impair crucial processes of brain development. Such genetic effects can be analyzed through the assessment of digit ratio and dermatoglyphic patterns. We examined the role of two well-replicated polymorphisms of NRG1 (SNP8NRG221533 and SNP8NRG243177) on schizophrenia risk and its probable impact on the digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures in patients (N = 221) and healthy controls (N = 200). In schizophrenia patients, but not in healthy controls, a significant association between NRG1 SNP8NRG221533 C/C genotype with lower left 2D:4D ratio, as well as with higher FA_TbcRC and DA_TbcRC. The substantial effect of SNP8NRG221533 on both digit ratio and dermatoglyphic measures suggest a potential role for NRG1 gene variants on neurodevelopmental pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Variations of Dermatoglyphic Patterns among Smoking and Smokeless Forms of Tobacco in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Oral Cancer- A Review of Literature

Dermatoglyphics is a scientific study which involves the study of fingerprints.lines ,mounts and shapes of hands.This dermatoglyphics origin dates back to ancient India, were this ridge pattern study was known as “Samuda Sashtra.These dermatoglyphic patterns are usually genetically determined.In dentistry, dermatoglyphics have been applied for identifying syndromic cases and also been useful for determining caries susceptibility,identification of cleft lip and cleft palate. Here the variations of dermatoglyphic patterns among smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral carcinoma has been reviewed.

A Cross Sectional Study of Correlation of ATD Angle with Body Fat Distribution in North Indian Population

Introduction: Obesity is associated with significant global morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of obesity is on the rise, especially in low- and middle-income countries and there is a need for a tool for the prevention of this disease As per the available pieces of evidence, dermatoglyphics can be utilized for this purpose to some extent. Dermatoglyphics is a study of configurations of epidermal ridges on certain body parts, namely, palms, fingers, soles, and toes.. The term is derived from ancient Greek: derma = skin, glyph = carving. Dermatoglyphic patterns begin to develop in the 10th week of gestation and are complete by the 24th week. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of the “atd angle”(a dermatoglyphic parameter) with the body fat distribution (or obesity). Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the department of anatomy, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana (Ambala). It included 400 participants (200 males and 200 females) from students and employees of the college. All demographic and anthropometric parameters along with the hand imprints were obtained using standard procedures. For determining statistical significance of difference among various variables qualitative data was analyzed by Pearson’s Chi square test and quantitative data by student’s independent t-test and one way ANOVA .P-value of &lt; 0.05 was considered significant. All analysis was done using SPSS version-20. Results: Overall 24% of subjects (32% of males and 16% of females) were found to be obese (BMI?25kg/ m2).A statistically significant difference was observed in the values of both right and left hand“atd angle”for the comparison of obese and non-obese subjects(p=0.009 and &lt;0.001,respectively). A statistically significant positive correlation of left hand “atd angle” was observed with BMI. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics can potentially be used as a tool for the prediction of obesity. Recommendations: A large-scale study with a well-defined protocol is required for establishing dermatoglyphics as a screening tool for obesity.

Evaluation of Digital Palmar Dermatoglyphics in Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Leukoplakia: A Prospective Comparative Clinical Study.

To analyze and compare digital dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis and their role as noninvasive diagnostic tool. Two hundred patients were segregated into four groups of 50 patients each with oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis, and patients with habits but no lesions were included. They were compared with 50 subjects without habits and without lesions. The study was undertaken to investigate the association of palmar dermatoglyphics with leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Palm and fingerprints were taken using digital method which were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The present study found increase in frequency of whorls, palmar patterns in I2-I3 area, total finger ridge count, total triradius count and decrease in atd angle with the absence a-b ridge count in patients with oral leukoplakia and OSMF. Thus, with the study of peculiar changes in digital dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis, early detection and preventive measures can be instituted in normal individuals having habit history without lesions to prevent the occurrence and progression of these potentially malignant disorders.

Palmar & digital dermatoglyphic patterns in essential hypertension – A study in Puducherry population

Hereditary factor plays a major role in the aetiopathogenesis of essential hypertension. Aging and positive family history increase the risk of hypertension. Development of dermatoglyphic patterns are regulated by genetic factors. So, in this study, we made an attempt to study the co-relation between palmar, digital dermatoglyphic patterns in essential hypertensive patients and normal persons in the Puducherry population. 50 patients with essential hypertension who were attending medicine OPD &amp; 50 healthy volunteer controls were taken for the study under the age group of 30-60years. Digital and palmar dermatoglyphic impressions of both hands in cases and controls were taken using the modified Purvis Smith method along with their complete personal details for further analysis. The documents were analyzed using a hand lens for fingertip pattern, “atd” angle, and Sydney(S) line. The study results were found to have significantly increased (p=0.018) in loop patterns in (R) hand and insignificant (p=0.056) in (L) hand of cases compared to controls. Arch patterns were significantly higher in (R) (p=0.030) &amp; (L) (p=0.000) hands of cases then controls. Whorls patterns were found to be significantly higher in (R) &amp; (L) hands of controls (p=0.001). Mean ‘atd’ angle was significantly increased (p=0.000, p=0.020) in both hands of cases. Presence of Sydney line was seen rarely &amp; equally in cases and controls. Increased frequency of loops &amp; arches pattern with increased ‘atd’ Angle can be used as an external marker in early detection of hypertension and to plan for effective preventive strategies in the Puducherry population.