Deployment Of Information Systems Research Articles

Algorithm for Bus Priority Signals based on Urban Traffic Information System(UTIS)

The continuous deployment of Urban Traffic Information System (UTIS) in Korea has increased the need for developing more practical applications utilizing the standard functions of UTIS facilities installed on urban arterials beyond its basic applications like gathering traffic data and providing traffic information. The UTIS-based bus signal priority may be one of UTIS-based applications meeting such demands. However, the studies on BSP have not been sufficient for actual field deployment in terms of theories and algorithms so that there have been few actual installations on real urban arterials. Thus, this study was aimed at developing a UTIS-based bus priority signal system and evaluating its effectiveness through a field study. To this end, this study presents the system development processes by dividing the UTIS-based bus priority signal system into hardware and software. In addition, the positive effectiveness of the UTIS-based bus priority signal system was verified through a field application test which was conducted at Gyeonggi Global Trade High School intersection.

Information Systems for Large-Scale Event Management: A Case Study

Information systems (IS) have considerable use in supporting large-scale communication and coordination. This is especially important in contexts such as major event and crisis management which have complex requirements on people and technology. IS facilitate the dissemination of real-time information and coordination among decision makers, and thereby the management of the entire event. This paper describes a case of management and deployment of IS for a large-scale event as an exemplar in this area. Singapore won the bid to host a major international event, the Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, collectively known as S2006. However, there were complex requirements and daunting challenges to be overcome in managing such a high-profile and large-scale event. The paper describes how the Committee in charge delivered the IT infrastructure and systems for this large-scale event with 23,700 participants from 184 countries. It suggests several lessons for IT executives in charge of managing large-scale events, mainly for planned (e.g., sports events) and to some extent for unplanned (e.g., Japan tsunami or BP oil spill crisis) events. Particularly, it highlights the need for advance preparedness, use of IS for situation awareness, cultivating relationships for communication and coordination, and the importance of vendor management and project management skills. These lessons are valuable for IS deployment for large-scale communication and coordination for future mega-events and to some degree for preparedness for unforeseen events.

Global data synchronisation: deployment and implementation issues of a global standard-based information system

As businesses transact globally, collaborative transaction management and collaborative supply chain management are two strategically important measures for improving the efficiency of business operations in the global scope. In such a setting, it is gradually becoming evident that the inefficiency of business operations can be, at least partially, attributed to the lack of quality data. Global Data Synchronisation Network (GDSN) was developed in the consumer-packaged goods industry as a global standard-based information system to address the critical issue of data quality. GDSN has many unique characteristics as an information system that is designed to be adopted internationally. This paper discusses how the global standard-based information system has been deployed and issues the governing organisation and businesses contemplating to join the network must address in order to facilitate the broader adoption of similar global information systems to be developed in the future.

An efficient approach to the deployment of complex open source information systems.

Complex open source information systems are usually implemented as component-based software to inherit the available functionality of existing software packages developed by third parties. Consequently, the deployment of these systems not only requires the installation of operating system, application framework and the configuration of services but also needs to resolve the dependencies among components. The problem becomes more challenging when the application must be installed and used on different platforms such as Linux and Windows. To address this, an efficient approach using the virtualization technology is suggested and discussed in this paper. The approach has been applied in our project to deploy a web-based integrated information system in molecular genetics labs. It is a low-cost solution to benefit both software developers and end-users.

A Bayesian multivariate probit analysis of Korean firms' information system adoption

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reveal the core determinants and adoption patterns of the major enterprise information systems.Design/methodology/approachThis study incorporated the core representative and meaningful explanatory variables in the major previous literatures and analyzes the core determinants of businesses' adoption of the essential information systems and the substitutionary patterns among them, using a Bayesian multivariate probit model, which is based on McFadden's random utility model and capable of handling multiple response data.FindingsIt was found that not only factors from the classical technological diffusion viewpoint but also factors such as organizational tools and strategic behaviors play an important role in firms' adoption of information systems. Specifically, epidemic effect generally outweighs size effect, and putting more effort into the intensity of information strategy planning is more influential than the hiring of a professional chief information officer. On the other hand, such variables as age of the firm, labor intensity, and number of PCs per person generally have no significant impacts. Finally, a relatively strong complementary relationship exists between enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management adoption, and between e‐buy and groupware adoption.Originality/valueThe results presented in this paper have important implications for firms on a minimal budget that want to maximize their productivity through the adoption of information systems. They also provide important information for government policymakers whose job it is to design strategies for the successful deployment of information systems.

Security mistakes in information system deployment projects

PurposeThis paper aims to assess the influence of a set of human and organizational factors in information system deployments on the probability that a number of security‐related mistakes are in the deployment.Design/methodology/approachA Bayesian network (BN) is created and analyzed over the relationship between mistakes and causes. The BN is created by eliciting qualitative and quantitative data from experts of industrial control system deployments in the critical infrastructure domain.FindingsThe data collected in this study show that domain experts have a shared perception of how strong the influence of human and organizational factors are. According to domain experts, this influence is strong. This study also finds that security flaws are common in industrial control systems operating critical infrastructure.Research limitations/implicationsThe model presented in this study is created with the help of a number of domain experts. While they agree on qualitative structure and quantitative parameters, future work should assure that their opinion is generally accurate.Practical implicationsThe influence of a set of important variables related to organizational/human aspects on information security flaws is presented.Social implicationsThe context of this study is deployments of systems that operate nations' critical infrastructure. The findings suggest that initiatives to secure such infrastructures should not be purely technical.Originality/valuePrevious studies have focused on either the causes of security flaws or the actual flaws that can exist in installed information systems. However, little research has been spent on the relationship between them. The model presented in this paper quantifies such relationships.

Information systems in distributed environments

This is a report from a one-day second international workshop on "Information Systems in Distributed Environments" (ISDE), which was organized in conjunction with the OnTheMove Federated Conferences & Workshops (OTM 2010) at Hersonissos-Crete, Greece, on October 26, 2010. The main focus of this workshop was to provide a venue for the discussion of challenges related to the development, operation, and maintenance of distributed information systems, and their creation in the context of global development projects. Further dissemination of research results will lead to an improvement of distributed information system development and deployment across the glob.

Software Reconfiguration Based on Service Model-Driven Architecture over Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is changing the way enterprises develop and deploy information systems. With the rapid development and successful implementations of the model-driven architecure(MDA) and service-oriented architecture (SOA), clouding computing has become the focus of researches. This paper describes the design and implementation of a service template markup language (STML) and its integrated development tools, which provide a comprehensive solution to the reconfiguration of applications over cloud computing platforms. In the paper, we first analyze and point out the limitations of current software reconfiguration approaches, then propose a framework for a SMDA-based approach to software reconfiguration in a PaaS platform, next present a series of PaaS service models and an XML-based service template markup language, finally conclude by an example showing the practicability of the tools.

Guest Editorial: New Frontiers in Accessibility Modelling: An Introduction

There is a well established body of research that deals with how accessibility affects land use planning and spatial interaction. Hansen (1959) is usually cited as the father of this “scientific term”. In his seminal work, he defines accessibility as “the potential of opportunities for interaction” (p.73). Since then, the interest of how transport systems and spatial interaction are related has grown exponentially and accessibility analysis has played for more than five decades a central role in the agenda of regional and transport research. The concept of accessibility is open to different areas of study regarding the activities that can be carried out, to multiple transport systems and to different individuals or groups, so it is not surprising that in the literature we can find many different definitions (Geurs and van Wee 2004; Bruinsma and Rietveld 1998; Reggiani 1998; Vickerman 1995; and Morris et al. 1979). Handy and Niemeier (1997) showed that different types of accessibility measures exist according to particular criteria, and it is difficult to suggest the best approach to measure accessibility because different situations and purposes demand different approaches. This comment is quite pertinent at the light of the articles included in our special issue. We will see that four of them analyze accessibility in commuting and the authors use different methods, demarcation areas and opportunities are in some cases aggregated at the level of areas or individuals. In the last decade with the continuing development and deployment of geographic information systems (GIS) and other geospatial technologies that have greatly enhanced the ability to collect and analyse data relevant to accessibility analysis, researchers, in some cases, have changed from place-based measures of accessibility Netw Spat Econ (2011) 11:577–580 DOI 10.1007/s11067-011-9155-x

Secure Software Education

This article establishes a context for secure information systems development as well as a set of models used to develop and apply a secure software production pedagogy. A generic system model is presented to support the system context development, and to provide a framework for discussing security relationships that exist between and among information systems and their applications. An asset protection model is tailored to provide a conceptual ontology for secure information system topics, and a stable logical framework that is independent of specific organizations, technologies, and their associated changes. This asset protection model provides a unique focus for each of the three primary professional communities associated with the development and operation of secure information systems. In this paper, a secure adaptive response model is discussed to provide an analytical tool to assess risk associated with the development and deployment of secure information systems, and to use as a security metric. A pedagogical model for information assurance curriculum development is then established in the context and terms of the developed secure information system models. The relevance of secure coding techniques to the production of secure systems, architectures, and organizational operations is also discussed.

Measuring the effectiveness of a human resource information system in National Iranian Oil Company

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of three specific variables, namely: system quality, information quality, and finally information use, on the effectiveness of a human resource information system (IS) in an Iranian oil company.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate the effectiveness of a human resource IS, the paper analyzes the end‐user satisfaction based on the DeLone and McLean IS effectiveness model. A methodology is developed that follows a series of steps to calculate the effectiveness of an IS. The questionnaire is designed and refined by expert review. Data from four surveys in four different organizations in the Iranian oil industry are pooled.FindingsResults show that user satisfaction from information quality, system quality, and system use is, respectively, 0.92, 0.82, and 0.91.Therefore, the integrated human resource system in the Iranian oil company has a high degree of effectiveness. Implications of these findings are discussed along with some directions for future research.Research limitations/implicationsThe model proposed in this study is applicable to a human resource environment. Modification of the proposed model may be needed in applying this model to other environments.Practical implicationsThis study helps information technology managers identify the elements which impact on end‐user satisfaction and assists them in planning to enhance the effectiveness of ISs by improving end‐user satisfaction.Originality/valueThe results extend the understanding of the role of end‐user satisfaction in IS effectiveness. The research findings have implications for the development and deployment of IS.

Fuzzy Rule-Based System Approach to Combining Traffic Count Forecasts

Current advances in artificial intelligence are providing new opportunities for utilizing the enormous amount of data available in contemporary urban road surveillance systems. Several approaches, methodologies, and techniques have been presented for analyzing and forecasting traffic counts because such information has been identified as vital for the deployment of advanced transportation management and information systems. In this paper, a meta-analysis framework is presented for improving forecasted information of traffic counts, based on an adaptive data processing scheme. In particular, a framework for combining traffic count forecasts within a Mamdani-type fuzzy adaptive optimal control scheme is presented and analyzed. The proposed methodology treats the uncertainty pertaining to such circumstances by augmenting qualitative information of future traffic flow states (and values) with a knowledge base and a heuristic optimization routine that provides dynamic training capabilities, resulting in an efficient real-time forecasting mechanism. Results from the application of the proposed framework on data acquired from realistic signalized urban network data (of Athens, Greece) and for a diversity of locations exhibit its potential.

BKCAS: a distributed context-aware pervasive information system to support user roaming

Until, recently, the wide deployment of pervasive information system is still limited due to high cost of infrastructure, and more important, its requirement of rebuilding a new information infrastructure from scratch without reusing much from the current working system. In this study, we propose Bkhoa context-aware system (BKCAS), a novel architecture for scalable pervasive information system having the capability of intelligently routing multimedia messages to users based on the context processing. Moreover, BKCAS support user roaming over a large number of loosely coupled autonomous domains. Differ from many other pervasive systems, which assume a completely newly built infrastructure, our approach focuses on reusing the most of current infrastructure, and incrementally extend the system the most non-intrusive way in order to minimised deployment cost and to improve the user acceptance. Furthermore, we successfully prototype the system and evaluate its performance by an automated testbed.

Intelligent Transport Systems in Commercial Vehicle Operations

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is the application of computers, communications and sensor technology to improve the efficiency or safety of surface transportation systems. The ITS initiative has been taken up by most developed countries including US, Canada, Australia and the European Union. This paper introduces ITS and its vision to save time, money and human lives. ITS can be applied to the entire spectrum of the transportation industry. This includes Freeway, Incident & Emergency Management, Electronic Toll Collection, Arterial Management, Travelers Information Systems, Advanced Public Transportation Systems, Commercial Vehicle Operations, etc. However the primary focus in this paper is on introducing the application of ITS technologies in the realm of Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO). The paper covers the three major capability areas namely safety information exchange, electronic screening and electronic credentialing, giving details on the ongoing initiatives and the different technologies applied in the respective areas as well as the benefits offered by the same. The ITS initiative has caught up in a big way in the United States. The U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) has sponsored and undertaken a program called Commercial Vehicle Information Systems and Networks (CVISN) Model Deployment Initiative (MDI). The goal of the CVISN initiative has been to assist each state in US to achieve "ambitious but achievable" level of deployment of ITS technology in all the three areas of commercial vehicle operations by establishing an organizational framework among state agencies and motor carriers for cooperative system development and creating a CVISN design architecture which can evolve and accommodate new technologies.

An Application of Business Process Method to the Clinical Efficiency of Hospital

The concept of Total Quality Management (TQM) has come to be applied in healthcare over the last few years. The process management category in the Baldrige Health Care Criteria for Performance Excellence model is designed to evaluate the quality of medical services. However, a systematic approach for implementation support is necessary to achieve excellence in the healthcare business process. The Architecture of Integrated Information Systems (ARIS) is a business process architecture developed by IDS Scheer AG and has been applied in a variety of industrial application. It starts with a business strategy to identify the core and support processes, and encompasses the whole life-cycle range, from business process design to information system deployment, which is compatible with the concept of healthcare performance excellence criteria. In this research, we apply the basic ARIS framework to optimize the clinical processes of an emergency department in a mid-size hospital with 300 clinical beds while considering the characteristics of the healthcare organization. Implementation of the case is described, and 16months of clinical data are then collected, which are used to study the performance and feasibility of the method. The experience gleaned in this case study can be used a reference for mid-size hospitals with similar business models.

A Perspective on the Critical Success Factors for Information Systems Deployment in Islamic Financial Institutions

AbstractSuccessful deployment of new information systems is vital for efficient business operations. Empirical and conceptual research papers have provided various success factors for IS implementation in various type of organizations. There is very limited focus on the success factors in the context of Islamic financial institutions, which is now regarded as one of key players of global financial landscape. Successful adoption to new IS applications and tools is paramount in creating and sustaining growth for financial institutions including Islamic financial institutions. This paper presents some of the critical success factors that need to be considered during or before implementing IS applications and tools in Islamic financial institutions.

An Information Fusion Framework of Traffic Counts Forecasts Based on Concepts from Fuzzy Set Theory.

Reliable surveillance of urban networks coupled with techniques for information acquisition on traffic states provides the basis for the deployment of Advanced Transportation Management and Information Systems (ATMIS). Since information can be collected from various sources, a gamut of approaches for the fusion of available data has been utilized in traffic control centers. This paper focuses on a special paradigm of data fusion that combines information on forecasted traffic volume obtained from a variety of alternative approaches and provides a novel forecasting scheme that treats uncertainty by adopting concepts from fuzzy set theory and expert knowledge.

Back to the future: digital decision making

The process of making decisions about the conception, design, development, deployment and regulation of complex information and communications technologies (ICT) systems with the potential to effect significant changes in society could be labelled ‘digital decision making’ (or DDM, for short). DDM is not the rational process that we might assume or wish it to be. It can even be difficult to define the boundaries of the social, political or technical environments to which the process applies. It depends on craft knowledge, power and agenda, politics and situational messiness, personal values, law and environment, and a host of other factors starkly illustrated by cases ranging from the Three Mile Island to the space shuttle Challenger disasters. Too often DDM leads to information systems failures, and it is time we started to learn from those past failures.

Strategic value and resources and capabilities of the information systems area and their impact on organizational performance in the hotel sector

PurposeAn improvement in the management of information system (IS) based resources and capabilities of hotels must affect competitive advantage. Based on that premise, this work has two aims. The first is to determine how the strategic value of the IS area affects the organizational performance of three‐, four‐ and five‐star hotels. The second is to check how it influences the resources and capabilities used in the IS area of hotel companies in a determined tourist destination, and their relationship with organizational performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted on a representative sample of hotels in Gran Canaria, Spain. It takes the framework of Bharadwaj as a reference to help companies tackle the management of the IS area and to develop a superior capability in that activity.FindingsThe results of the study indicate that the more valuable, non‐substitutable and inimitable the IS area is, the better the non‐financial performance is. The results also show that the resources and capabilities that most affect hotel performance are the internal and external technical resources and the capabilities of the IS area to influence and strengthen relations with users and with different areas of the hotel. The work also finds that organizational capabilities have a particular influence on non‐financial performance, especially that related to organizational quality.Research limitations/implicationsThis study helps to establish a new framework of analysis in the literature on IS management by introducing a perspective of analysis for the study of the strategic deployment of IS attributes that is based on the resource based view of the firm.Practical implicationsThis paper constitutes a suitable framework to begin the diagnosis of the situation of each hotel regarding its available IS resources and capabilities and to identify and select the IS resources and capabilities that make greater contributions to hotel profitability and quality.Originality/valueThis work serves to help identify which IS resources and capabilities are most important in the development of distinctive hotel competences.

Adopting electronic medical records in primary care: Lessons learned from health information systems implementation experience in seven countries

The adoption of health information systems is seen world wide as one method to mitigate the widening health care demand and supply gap. The purpose of this review was to identify the current state of knowledge about health information systems adoption in primary care. The goal was to understand factors and influencers affecting implementation outcomes from previous health information systems implementations experiences. A comprehensive systematic literature review of peer reviewed and grey literature was undertaken to identify the current state of knowledge regarding the implementation of health information systems. A total of 6 databases, 27 journal websites, 20 websites from grey sources, 9 websites from medical colleges and professional associations as well as 22 government/commission websites were searched. The searches returned almost 3700 article titles. Eighty-six articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Articles show that systems’ graphical user interface design quality, feature functionality, project management, procurement and users’ previous experience affect implementation outcomes. Implementers had concerns about factors such as privacy, patient safety, provider/patient relations, staff anxiety, time factors, quality of care, finances, efficiency, and liability. The review showed that implementers can insulate the project from such concerns by establishing strong leadership, using project management techniques, establishing standards and training their staff to ensure such risks do not compromise implementation success. The review revealed the concept of socio-technical factors, or “fit” factors, that complicate health information systems deployment. The socio-technical perspective considers how the technical features of a health information system interact with the social features of a health care work environment. The review showed that quality of care, patient safety and provider/patient relations were not, positively or negatively, affected by systems implementation. The fact that no articles were found reviewing the benefits or drawbacks of health information systems accruing to patients should be concern to adopters, payers and jurisdictions. No studies were found that compared how provider–patient interactions in interviews are effected when providers used electronic health information systems as opposed to the paper equivalent. Very little information was available about privacy and liability.