Dependence Of Parameters Research Articles

Photocurrent interference spectroscopy of solids and characterization of semiconductor solar-cell materials

Photocurrent measurements are widely used to study the intrinsic optoelectronic properties of semiconductors, such as photocarrier generation efficiency and carrier mobility, as well as evaluate the performance of optoelectronic devices, such as solar cells and photodetectors. Interferometric spectroscopy precisely measures optical properties and gathers optical spectra information on semiconductors. Consequently, photocurrent-based interferometric measurements, with high signal-to-noise ratios, high resolution, and broad frequency bandwidths, can probe the energy distributions of low-density defects and impurities and investigate charge transport in materials and devices. Here, we demonstrate that photocurrent interference spectroscopy reveals the intrinsic properties of solar-cell materials: bulk crystals of GaAs and halide perovskite, and thin films of halide perovskite and quantum dot. We show that homodyne interference spectroscopy of photocurrent can monitor low-density localized states in semiconductors and that it can be used in combination with other spectroscopy techniques, such as photoluminescence measurements, to provide a deep understanding of photocurrent generation processes. Furthermore, we show that heterodyne interference spectroscopy of photocurrent can be used to investigate the frequency dependence of material parameters, such as the dielectric constant, absorption coefficient, and reflectance. As an application, we used interference spectroscopy of photocurrent to show the impact of multiexcitons on the photoabsorption and photocarrier generation processes in quantum dot solar cells. Finally, we used it to reveal the distinctive spectral characteristics at the band edge of a halide perovskite, which is considered to be an exceptional solar-cell material with high energy conversion efficiency.

Ring-shaped seismicity structures in the region of Kamchatka: possible preparation for great earthquake

We have been studying some seismicity characteristics in the region of Kamchatka region. It was established that two pairs of ring-shaped seismicity structures at depths of 0-33 and 34-70 km have been formed here in 1973-2018 prior to large earthquakes (05.12.1997 г., Mw=7.8 and 20.12.2018, Mw=7.3). Ring-shaped structures are characterized by threshold magnitude values (Mt1 and Mt2 correspondingly) and also big axes length (L1 and L2). Ring-shaped structures were identified in the area to the east and northeast of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy city, where no great earthquakes have occurred during more than 60 years (ring-shaped structure was identified also in the depth range of 71-110 km here). Earlier, correlation dependences of Mt1 and Mt2 parameters on Mw values of major earthquakes for the west of Pacific were creating. Using these dependencies, the magnitude of possible great earthquake in this area was estimated as Mw=8.6±0.2. Besides that, a conclusion on the source depth of such event was drawing on the base of the analysis of three ring-shaped structures. The reasons for ring-shaped structures formation in different depth ranges of the subduction zones are discussing.

Physiotypic variations lead to variations within the normal range for red blood cells and haemoglobin levels in a healthy human population: An evaluation using generalised additive modelling and hierarchical structure analysis.

Haematological parameters have been used for a long time for clinical evaluations, however the dynamics of these parameters has not been studied at length, in healthy populations. We aim to understand the dependence of haematological parameters on human physiotypes. Using an age and gender restricted healthy human (male) population (n = 100), we attempt to analyse the dynamics of haemoglobin and red blood cells, with reference to age, height and weight of individuals. Using advanced generalised additive modelling and classical hierarchical structural analysis we aim to establish relationships between these parameters and human physiotypes. We demonstrate that definitive relationships can be established for number of red blood cells, haemoglobin levels, RDW-CV, RDW-SD and weight, height and age of individuals. This study provides a proof of principle, that haematological parameters are dependent on physiotypic variation, within the normal ranges in a healthy population. It may also be noted that there is a definitive influence of height, weight and age on normal ranges and stratification by these factors might therefore make reference intervals narrower, in turn, possibly allowing more precise clinical decisions based on the complete blood count (CBC).

Synthesis of thermochromic CdHgI4 thin film: Insight into the thickness-dependent structural, morphological, linear, and nonlinear spectroscopic properties

This study introduces an in-depth exploration of structural, morphological, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of CdHgI4 thin films deposited by the thermal evaporation technique. In this study, cadmium tetra iodomercurate (CdHgI4) nanopowder was synthesized by fusion method from which thin films of various thicknesses (150 to 450 nm) were deposited on glass substrates by thermal evaporation technique. The Structural investigation conducted by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) established that both CdHgI4 nanopowder and thin film formed in a single phase with a tetragonal crystallographic system. However, the CdHgI4 nanopowder and films display a different preferred orientation as corroborated by texture coefficient determination (Tc). The microstructural features obtained by High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) revealed that the powder particles were agglomerated; however, the particles of thin film were well-defined with high compactness and uniform size. The purity as well as stoichiometry were judged by energy dispersive X-ray analysis confirming the absence of any impurities and samples adopted near stoichiometry features. The surface morphology done by field emission scanning electron microscope revealed that films constituted of nanostructured grains with noticeable growth particles with increasing thickness. The CdHgI4 nanopowder had a direct optical transition of band gap of about 1.41 eV evaluated from diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The band gap of thin films determined from specular optical spectroscopy varied from 2.20 to 1.58 eV, as the thickness changed from 150 to 450 nm. The thickness dependence of other linear optical parameters, such as Urbach energy (Eu), refractive index (n), optical dielectric constants (ε1, ε2), the surface and volume energy loss (SELF, VELF), were elaborately discussed. The nonlinear optical properties including first-order linear susceptibility, third-order susceptibility (χ(1), χ(3)), NL refractive index (n2), and two-photon absorption coefficients (βc) were greatly dependent on the film thickness.

Exploring temperature effects on raw polysaccharide in semi-diluted solution using complex conductivity: Correlation analysis of activation energies

The evolution of the complex conductivity of raw polysaccharides extracted from Cystoseira myriophyloides algae exhibited significant temperature dependence in an aqueous solution. An analysis of the complex conductivity versus frequency was conducted using an appropriate electrical circuit based on our theoretical approach. This facilitated the generation of analytical functions representing the relaxation processes occurring at different temperatures. Subsequently, extrapolation and deconvolution procedures were employed to further investigate and identify all relaxation processes and their origins. These approaches revealed the presence of three relaxation processes. The first relaxation, observed at low frequency, is attributed to interfacial polarization between the electrode and the solution. The second and third relaxations, observed at medium and high frequencies, are attributed to bulk relaxation processes. Then, subtracting the low-frequency process clarified the bulk relaxation processes. Both relaxations are described by the Cole-Cole relaxation, which effectively models the well-known Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (MWS) phenomenon typically observed in polyelectrolyte solutions. This relaxation is typically caused by interfacial polarization between molecular chains and counterions in the sample. Both relaxations were found to be thermally activated. The temperature dependence of useful parameters extracted from each relaxation, such as relaxation time (τσ) and conductivity (σdc) and (σ∞), followed Arrhenius law behavior. Furthermore, activation energy values for each relaxation process were determined, establishing a linear correlation between activation energy values related to relaxation time (τσ) and both conductivities (σdc) and (σ∞). These results confirm the origin of bulk relaxations and demonstrate a strong link between relaxation and conduction mechanisms.

Investigation on thermally assisted optically stimulated luminescence signal in natural CaF2

In this work, thermally assisted OSL (TA-OSL) of natural fluorite was investigated, aiming to understand better the role of traps in both TL and OSL. TA-OSL is the luminescence simultaneously stimulated by light and heat; from this combination it is possible to access deeper traps in the analyzed material, that, in general, need more energy to be accessed. Irradiations were performed at room temperature using the Sr-90/Y-90 source incorporated in the TL/OSL reader at a dose rate of about 10 mGy/s. The optical stimulus was blue light at 470 nm. The dosimeters were also irradiated with X and gamma-rays of various energies (from 20 keV to 1.25 MeV) for comparing the energy dependence of the OSL and the TA-OSL signals. Residual TL curves were acquired after OSL readouts for checking trap participation in OSL emission. The OSL measurements were done at temperatures from 25 °C to 400 °C. For readout temperatures from 25 to ∼185 °C, decay curves were observed, and they were modeled by one stretched-exponential function, giving rise to a good fit to the experimental data. The dependence of the fitting parameter (β) on the photon energy was studied, and it was observed that β increases with the X-ray beam effective energy. The energy dependence of OSL signal is 1.5 times larger than that of TA-OSL signal, pointing to the reduction in energy dependence with the combination of thermal and optical stimuli. The total light emitted (TA-OSL + residual TL) is highly increased by the simultaneous stimulation by light and heat, indicating that light promotes charges to thermally active traps (phototransfer), and heat promotes charges to optically active traps, facilitating their release during illumination.

Multi Response Modelling and Optimisation of Copper Content and Heat Treatment Parameters of ADI Alloys by Combined Regression Grey-Fuzzy Approach

This paper deals with the austempering of ductile iron (ADI) and clarifies the influential austempering parameters during the production of ADI. During the austempering process, the heat treatment parameters can be varied, thus influencing the final microstructure and, of course, the mechanical properties of ADI. To appropriately conduct experiments and obtain good results, an experimental plan was developed using the Design Expert 13 software. Along with the heat treatment parameters, the influence of the copper content on the ADI toughness, tensile strength, and elongation was determined. The obtained results from this experiment were used to develop unique mathematical models which describe the influences of heat treatment and copper content on the observed mechanical properties of ADI samples. These mathematical models can be applied to predict the analysed mechanical properties of ADI in the dependence of heat treatment parameters and copper content in base ductile iron. For the multi response optimisation of toughness, tensile strength, and elongation, a hybrid grey-fuzzy technique was presented as a significant contribution to the enhancement of the analysed mechanical properties. Consequently, the copper content and heat treatment parameter levels that resulted in the maximal mechanical properties’ functions were defined.

Expansion of the range of permissible loads of a marine four-stroke diesel engine when using an adjustable turbocharger nozzle apparatus

The paper analyses the influence of the adjustable turbocharger nozzle apparatus on the parameters and criteria determining the thermal and mechanical stress of the main marine four-stroke diesel engine. The methodology of construction of limiting characteristics of mechanical and thermal stress using approximation dependences of parameters and criteria obtained by calculation-theoretical method is developed. The main parameters limiting the range of maximum permissible diesel engine loads on mechanical and thermal stress in the initial variant and in the variant with adjustable nozzle apparatus are revealed. It is established that the increase in the angle of rotation of blades of the adjustable nozzle apparatus up to the maximum permissible value causes a decrease in the parameters of thermal stress, as a result of which the zone of maximum permissible modes of operation of the diesel engine expands. At the same time, the parameters and criteria determining the mechanical stress of the diesel engine increase, but the reduction of the zone of maximum permissible loads on mechanical stress does not reduce the range of maximum permissible loads established by changing the thermal stress parameters.

Instrumental and theoretical advancements in pulsed elution-LC × LC: Investigation of pulse parameters and application to wastewater effluent

Due to the decoupling of the first (1D) and second (2D) dimension in pulsed elution-LC × LC (PE-LC × LC), method development is more flexible and straightforward compared to fast comprehensive LC × LC where the dependencies of key parameters between the two dimensions limits its flexibility. In this study we present a method for pulse generation, which is based on a switching valve alternating between one pump that delivers the gradient and a second pump that delivers low eluotrophic strength for the pause state. Consequently, the dwell volume of the system was circumvented and 7.5, and 3.75 times shorter pulse widths could be generated at flow rates of 0.2, and 0.4 mL/min with satisfactory accuracies between programmed and observed mobile phase composition (relative deviation of 6.0 %). We investigated how key parameters including pulse width and step height, 2D gradient time and flow rate affected the peak capacity in PE-LC × LC. The conditions yielding the highest peak capacity for the PE-LC × LC- high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) system were applied to a wastewater effluent sample. The results were compared to a one dimensional (1D)-LC-HRMS chromatogram. The peak capacity increased with a factor 34 from 112 for the 1D-LC run to 3770 for PE-LC × LC-HRMS after correction for undersampling. The analysis time for PE-LC × LC-HRMS was 12.1 h compared to 67.5 min for the 1D-LC-HRMS run. The purity of the mass spectra improved for PE-LC × LC-HRMS by a factor 2.6 (p-value 3.3 × 10−6) and 2.0 (p-value 2.5 × 10−3) for the low and high collision energy trace compared to the 1D-LC-HRMS analysis. Furthermore, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) was 4.2 times higher (range: 0.06–56.7, p-value 3.8 × 10−2) compared to the 1D-LC-HRMS separation based on 42 identified compounds. The improvements in S/N were explained by the lower peak volume obtained in the PE-LC × LC-HRMS.

Depth resolution in piezoresponse force microscopy

Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is one of the most widespread methods for investigating and visualizing ferroelectric domain structures down to the nanometer length scale. PFM makes use of the direct coupling of the piezoelectric response to the crystal lattice, and hence, it is most often applied to spatially map the three-dimensional (3D) near-surface domain distribution of any polar or ferroic sample. Nonetheless, since most samples investigated by PFM are at least semiconducting or fully insulating, the electric ac field emerging from the conductive scanning force microscopy (SFM) tip penetrates the sample and, hence, may also couple to polar features that are deeply buried into the bulk of the sample under investigation. Thus, in the work presented here, we experimentally and theoretically explore the contrast and depth resolution capabilities of PFM, by analyzing the dependence of several key parameters. These key parameters include the depth of the buried feature, i.e., here a domain wall (DW), as well as PFM-relevant technical parameters such as the tip radius, the PFM drive voltage and frequency, and the signal-to-noise ratio. The theoretical predictions are experimentally verified using x-cut periodically poled lithium niobate single crystals that are specially prepared into wedge-shaped samples, in order to allow the buried feature, here the DW, to be “positioned” at any depth into the bulk. This inspection essentially contributes to the fundamental understanding in PFM contrast analysis and to the reconstruction of 3D domain structures down to a 1 μm-penetration depth into the sample.

VIBRATIONAL AND X-RAY MEASUREMENTS OF La2Ti2O7 UNDER HIGH PRESSURE CONDITION

The present study focuses on investigating the impact of high-pressure conditions on the crystal structure and vibration spectra of the perovskite-like layered compound La2Ti2O7. To this end, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy techniques were employed to observe the behavior of the compound under pressure levels up to 30 GPa. The neutron diffraction at ambient pressure confirms that the structure of La2Ti2O7 is monoclinic P21. The results indicate that when the pressure attains 17.3 GPa, the original monoclinic phase of P21 symmetry undergoes a phase transition to the monoclinic phase of P2 symmetry. The observed pressure-induced phase transitions in La2Ti2O7 are associated with anomalous changes in both the unit cell parameters and the vibrational modes. Additionally, the study obtained the baric dependences of lattice parameters, unit cell volume and vibration frequencies, which were used to calculate the bulk modules for the initial and pressure-induced phases of La2Ti2O7.

Harnessing Quantum Capacitance in 2D Material/Molecular Layer Junctions for Novel Electronic Device Functionality.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials promise advances in electronic devices beyond Moore's scaling law through extended functionality, such as non-monotonic dependence of device parameters on input parameters. However, the robustness and performance of effects like negative differential resistance (NDR) and anti-ambipolar behavior have been limited in scale and robustness by relying on atomic defects and complex heterojunctions. In this paper, we introduce a novel device concept that utilizes the quantum capacitance of junctions between 2D materials and molecular layers. We realized a variable capacitance 2D molecular junction (vc2Dmj) diode through the scalable integration of graphene and single layers of stearic acid. The vc2Dmj exhibits NDR with a substantial peak-to-valley ratio even at room temperature and an active negative resistance region. The origin of this unique behavior was identified through thermoelectric measurements and ab initio calculations to be a hybridization effect between graphene and the molecular layer. The enhancement of device parameters through morphology optimization highlights the potential of our approach toward new functionalities that advance the landscape of future electronics.

A Comprehensive Kinematic Model of the Large Magellanic Cloud Disk from Star Clusters and Field Stars using Gaia DR3: Tracing the Disk Characteristics, Rotation, Bar, and Outliers

The internal kinematics of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) disk have been modeled by several studies using different tracers with varying coverage, resulting in a range of parameters. Here, we model the LMC disk using 1705 star clusters and field stars, based on a robust Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, using Gaia DR3 data. The dependency of the model parameters on the age, coverage, and strength of the clusters are also presented. This is the first comprehensive 2D kinematic study using star clusters. Red clump (RC) stars and young main-sequence stars are also modeled for comparison. The clusters and field stars are found to have distinctly different kinematic centers, disk inclination, position angle of the line of nodes, and scale radius. We also note a significant radial variation of the disk parameters. Clusters and young stars are found to have a large residual proper motion and a relatively large velocity dispersion when compared to the RC field population, which could be due to perturbation from the bar and spiral arms. We trace the presence of the large residual proper motion and noncircular motion among clusters likely to be due to the bar and detect a decrease in the scale radius as a result of the possible evolution of the bar. The kinematically deviant clusters point to a spatiotemporal disturbance in the LMC disk, matching with the expected impact factor and time of the recent collision between the LMC and the Small Magellanic Cloud.

The effect of medium doses electron irradiation on the scattering of charge carriers in YBa2Cu3O7-δ single crystal

The influence of electron irradiation with energies of 0.5–2.5 MeV with fluences up to 70 × 1018 cm–2 on the electrical resistivity in the basal plane of YBa2Cu3O7–δ single crystals in the temperature range from the superconducting transition, Tc, to 300 K has been studied. Such irradiation leads to the appearance of a significant number of defects that cause a decrease in anisotropy, an appreciable increase in phonon scattering, reduction of Tc, and broadening of the superconducting transition. Under the conditions specified, the temperature dependence of electrical resistivity is approximated with high accuracy by the charge carriers’ scattering on defects and phonons, and fluctuating conductivity in the Lawrence-Doniach (LD) model. The dependences of approximation parameters on fluence are discussed.

Coherent solvus of disordered alkali feldspar: experiment, atom probe tomography and thermodynamic model

At temperatures above about 600 °C, alkali feldspar forms a continuous solid solution between the Na and K end members. Towards lower temperatures a miscibility gap opens, and alkali feldspar of intermediate composition exsolves, forming an intergrowth of relatively more Na-rich and K-rich lamellae. During exsolution, the crystal structure usually remains coherent across the lamellar interfaces, a feature that may be preserved over geological times. Due to the compositional dependence of the lattice parameters, coherent intergrowth requires that the lamellae are elastically strained. The associated elastic strain energy counteracts exsolution, and the solvus delimiting the misciblity gap for coherent intergrowth lies below the solvus for strain free phase equilibria. To determine the coherent solvus, homogeneous gem quality alkali feldspar of intermediate composition was annealed at conditions falling into the two-phase region of the phase diagram. Thereby a coherent intergrowth of approximately 10–20 nanometers wide lamellae was produced. Lamellar compositions were determined with atom probe tomography defining points on the coherent solvus. In parallel, the coherent solvus was calculated using a thermodynamic mixing model calibrated on the same alkali feldspar as used for the exsolution experiments and accounting for the elastic strain energy associated with coherent lamellar intergrwoth. The experimentally determined and the calculated coherent solvus are in excellent agreement indicating that phase equilibria in coherent lamellar intergrowth of alkali feldspar are adequately described, providing a sound basis for the interpretation of phase relations in coherently exsolved alkali feldspar.

Probing the Interstellar Medium from Scintillation of the Swooshing Pulsar B0919+06

Radio observations of pulsars offer a potential method to probe the intricate microstructure in the turbulent interstellar medium. Here we report on a high-resolution dynamic spectral analysis of the “swooshing pulsar” B0919+06 observed with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope over multiple epochs and with the ultrawideband receiver on the Parkes radio telescope. For all observations, the dynamic scintillation spectra, two-dimensional autocovariance functions, and secondary spectra are presented. At 1250 MHz, the decorrelation bandwidth, diffraction timescale, and the drift rate are determined to be Δν d = 25.89 ± 7.55 MHz, Δτd=14.42±3.98 minutes, and dt/dν=0.07±0.14minutes MHz−1, respectively. The frequency dependencies of the scintillation parameters exhibit single power-law spectral behaviors, indicating that the electron density fluctuations in the interstellar medium approximately follow the Kolmogorov spectrum. The secondary spectra exhibit two distinct parabolic arcs with well-determined curvatures of 0.002 and 0.02 s3 for the outer and inner arcs, respectively. The locations of the scattering screens are approximately determined to be 157.3 and 726.0 pc, respectively, from the pulsar for isotropic scattering. The inner scintillation arc is present contemporaneously over a wide frequency range, indicating that the scintillation arc is a broadband phenomenon. The arc curvature scales with observing frequency as a power law with an index of −2.05 ± 0.05, which implies that the scattering screen spans a physical distance from 689.7 to 883.3 pc from the pulsar.

Linear redshift parametrization of deceleration parameter in [formula omitted] gravity

In this study, we investigate the linear redshift parametrization of q(z) within the framework of f(R,Lm) gravity, using constraints derived from H(z)/Pantheon samples. We consider a non-linear functional form for f(R,Lm), specifically given by f(R,Lm)=R2+Lmn, where n represents a free parameter in the model. Subsequently, we derive the solution for the Hubble parameter by investigating the parametrization of q(z) and then apply this solution to the modified Friedmann equations. Our analysis focuses on exploring the behavior of the EoS parameter across different stages of the universe’s evolution, including radiation, matter, and dark energy eras. Furthermore, our results confirm the quintessence nature of the universe’s current accelerated expansion phase (−1<ω<−13), supporting the role of quintessence in driving the universe’s current acceleration. We also explore the redshift dependence of the deceleration parameter, statefinder, Om(z) diagnostics, energy density, pressure, and energy conditions to determine the universe’s accelerating behavior. Importantly, our findings suggest that the linear redshift parametrization of q(z), supported by additional terms in f(R,Lm) gravity, provides a compelling alternative to the cosmological constant.

Velocity Map Imaging Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Silver Iodide Aerosol Particles.

The valence band electronic structure of isolated silver iodide nanoparticles (AgI NP) was investigated by vacuum-ultraviolet aerosol photoelectron spectroscopy using the velocity map imaging technique (VUV VMI-PES). The VUV VMI-PES results were obtained for polydisperse aerosol produced by aggregation of hydrocolloid of silver iodide particles 8-15 nm in size. The ionization energy of the AgI particles was found to be 6.0±0.1 eV with respect to the vacuum level. The DFT calculations showed that the main contribution to the density of AgI electronic states in the valence region originates from I 5p orbitals. The dependence of the asymmetry parameter on the electron energy showed that the value of the characteristic energy loss of excited photoelectrons was 2.7 eV, which coincided with the band gap of the nanomaterial.

A Numerical Time Integration Procedure for Secondary Dendrite Arm Spacing in Hyper-Peritectic Steel Alloys

AbstractA numerical time integration procedure for the calculation of the secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) in FeC hyper-peritectic alloys is presented, a preferred group of low-carbon casting steel. The procedure incorporates a three-stage thin arm dissolution model, which is solved at each time step using Newton–Raphson iteration. This is coupled to a coarsening model based on the integral forms of the dissolution model, which are solved using Gaussian quadrature, as well as a growth model for solid fraction evolution. The procedure can easily be embedded into numerical models for solidification, in which the space–time evolution of the SDAS is required for determining the dynamic permeability in the mushy zone. Higher order approximations for both growth and solute concentration evolution can easily be incorporated. Temperature dependence of thermophysical parameters is taken into account using inter-dendritic solidification empirical models, and an alloy-specific peritectic reaction constant is used to determine the isothermal peritectic holding time. The procedure is validated against experimental data presented in literature. Various cases of SDAS as a function of local solidification time, cooling rate and carbon composition are investigated. The method is compared to experimental results of SDAS obtained from test castings of a hyper-peritectic steel alloy and can be used to iteratively determine the alloy-specific peritectic reaction constant by comparing the solid fraction evolution during the peritectic reaction with that found from the experimental cooling curve.

Concentration effects in multicomponent metallic solid solutions

In the equiatomic approximation, the dependence of the lattice FCC parameter and the Debye temperature from the atomic fate x of the doping element, which is alternately represented by all elements of a multicomponent solid solution, including high-entropy alloys were obtained. The calculations were carried out on the example of a five-component (based on Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Al) or six-component (based on Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, and Cr, Ti) metal systems. It was found that by varying x within x = (0 - 0.3), it is possible to obtain a change in the lattice FCC parameter from 0 to 0.03 nm and the Debye temperatures from 0 to 80 K. The proposed new characteristics are integral and differential concentration coefficients, the magnitude and sign of which can predict concentration dependences for the lattice parameter and the Debye temperature.