Departmental Project Research Articles

The Role of Universities in the Development of “Smart Cities”: Foreign and Russian Experience

The “Smart city” concept was introduced in 1994 and since then has been actively implemented in city management, including in the Russian Federation. Despite the fact that a large part of researchers reduces a smart city to the modernization of aging infrastructure through digitalization, practice shows that technology in itself is rarely a solution to urban problems; it is necessary to develop, first of all, the social aspects of management simultaneously with the introduction of appropriate technological solutions. The development of a sociocentric dimension of management of urban systems involves the involvement of various actors in the development and implementation of initiatives of public authorities, including universities. The purpose of this study is based on the study of foreign and domestic cases, to highlight the forms of interaction between universities and local governments and determine the role of universities in the formation and development of smart cities.The work used the method of analysis and synthesis, comparison and synthesis of information, the method of induction and deduction. The information base for the study was the materials of the Urban Digitalization Index “IQ of Cities”, regulations aimed at the development of smart cities in the Russian Federation, and the authors’ own research.Based on the data, the role of universities in the formation and development of smart cities in Russia and foreign countries was determined, the main forms of cooperation between universities and other actors in the process of developing smart cities were identified, recommendations were developed for the development of cooperation between universities and public authorities in the implementation of the departmental project “Smart City”.The experience of Russian and foreign cities shows the existence of a relationship between the degree of involvement of universities in the implementation of the smart city project and the results of intellectualization and digitalization of the urban economy. The critical role of universities is to promote socially oriented management, as opposed to the chaotic digitalization of individual processes of urban management and data collection, without further analysis. To expand the practice of involving universities in the development of Smart Cities, a number of recommendations are proposed.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПОДХОДОВ К ДИАГНОСТИРОВАНИЮ ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ НАДЕЖНОСТЬЮ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ТЕХНИКИ

Reducing the cost of the life cycle of machines and aggregates, optimizing the cost of operation and timely maintenance, carrying out work in the required agrotechnical terms are indicators of the effectiveness of managing the reliability of agricultural machinery. This aspect is significantly influenced by the perfection of approaches to maintenance and diagnostics, taking into account the use of digital monitoring tools for resource-determining units and assemblies. Effective implementation of reliability management minimizes costs from the consequences of failures of II and III complexity groups, reduces the cost of production and corrects the time of service work. Therefore, the improvement of approaches for routine maintenance, including diagnostics, is an urgent issue to improve the efficiency of domestic equipment in operation. (Research Purpose) The research purpose is analyzing previously applied approaches to assessing the technical condition for managing the reliability of agricultural machinery and developing experimental samples of digital diagnostic tools to improve the assessment of the technical condition. (Materials and methods) Reviewed the process of creating experimental digital diagnostic tools for improving approaches to reliability management, taking into account the recommendations of the regulatory and technical documentation of the departmental project «Digital Agriculture» of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. (Results and discussion) It was shown that the use of previously developed methods and means of diagnosing agricultural machinery significantly increased the efficiency of its operation. It was substantiated that now it is necessary to take into account methodological experience, which allows to increase the level of diagnostics of operating equipment on the basis of new multifunctional research tools. We have developed experimental digital means of monitoring the technical condition, which provide control over compliance with the rules of operation of individual systems and units. (Conclusions) It was revealed that digital diagnostic and monitoring tools could reduce the cost of the life cycle of equipment, optimize operating costs, and ensure maintenance.

Digital transformation of the agricultural complex of Russia as a tool of innovative development

Recently, digital, information and telecommunication technologies and resources have become widespread in Russia. There is an active process of digitalization of all spheres of the economy. In agriculture, there are changes in the main approaches to running agribusiness in terms of the introduction of digital technologies and platform solutions. Digital technologies and their implementation in various sectors of the economy have become an integral part of society and affect all areas of life. Agriculture was no exception. The digitalization of agriculture creates new opportunities to increase production efficiency, contribute to improving the quality of products, and reduces the degree of negative impact of agricultural producers on the environment. An important role in the origins of the development of digitalization in Russia was influenced by the adoption of the State Program for the Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Markets for Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food for 2013–2020, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 14, 2012 No. 717, as well as the development and implementation by the Ministry of Agriculture of the departmental project «Digital Agriculture», which is planned to be implemented in the period from 2019 to 2024. The goal of this project is the introduction of digital technologies and platform solutions in the agricultural sector, which will contribute to a technological breakthrough in the agricultural sectors. The article examines current trends, as well as the main advantages and disadvantages of the digital transformation of agriculture, analyzes indicators characterizing the level of digitalization of the agro-industrial complex, and considers the departmental project «Digital Agriculture». As a result of the analysis, a conclusion was made about the level of digital development of agriculture in the Russian Federation, and the main promising directions for the digital transformation of agriculture at the current stage of economic development were identified.

Renewal of the Park of Agricultural Machinery With the Framework of the Departmental Project ‘‘Technical Modernization of the Agro-industrial complex’’

Information is provided on the number of cars registered by state technical supervision authorities in 2021 and 2022. The share of equipment, from the year of production of which more than 10 years have passed, has been established. The dynamics of the acquisition of tractors, grain and forage harvesters by agricultural producers, as well as the energy supply of agricultural organizations is shown.

The basics of building smart controlling in public institutions for the purposes of making informed management decisions in the field of public finance

The article discusses the issues of the construction and application of smart controlling in public institutions. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the active implementation of controlling in the public administration sector, the development and implementation of electronic SMART control (controlling) for management decision-making in accordance with the implementation of the Departmental Project of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation "Electronic SMART control (controlling) and accounting of public finances for management decisions"5, 6. Along with the generalization and systematization of the best practices of using smart controlling in the commercial sector, taking into account the specifics of public finance management, the article determines that smart controlling should be digital and suggests a methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of using an automated controlling system and an algorithm for calculating such an assessment. In addition, it takes into account the fact that controlling should be permeated with the ideology of risk minimization, for which the article offers a risk map for public institutions, depending on the nature of their occurrence. At the same time, smart controlling should be proactive, which is achieved through the use of artificial intelligence technologies, the level of which in the field of public administration in general and public finance management in particular remains extremely low.

Use of blockchain technology in veterinary practice

The article discusses the use of blockchains in various areas of veterinary medicine, including veterinary education. So, in the Russian Federation, as early as 2019, a departmental project "Digital Agriculture" was created, which includes three stages: the creation and integration of databases, the introduction of the "Agricultural Solutions" module of the national platform, and the final one - the creation of a system for continuous training of specialists of agricultural enterprises in order to form of them competencies in the field of digital economy.The polythematic abstract-bibliographic base is analyzed. The main attention was paid to such scientometric databases as: Web of Science Core Collection, Medline, PubMed, RSCI, as well as data from the eLIBRARY.ru portal. An assessment of the statistical data and publication activity of the authors regarding the request and use of blockchain technology was made.The aim of the study was to analyze the publication activity of the authors and relevant data search from 2019-2023, regarding the use of blockchain technologies in veterinary medicine.If in 2019, at the request of "blockchain in veterinary medicine", the system issued 7 publications, for 2020 - 15 articles, 2021 - 16 articles, then in 2022. already 25 articles. As of November 2022, in 2023, there are already 4 preprints. All these data indicate that this technology is rapidly gaining momentum in the scientific field, and many scientists and entrepreneurs see great prospects in it.According to the studies conducted in scientometric databases, and their distribution by relevance, showed the relevance of introducing this technology, big database technology, blockchain technologies not only in veterinary practice, but also in veterinary education.

Application of modern digital technologies in the agricultural industry

The article analyses the global and Russian experience of digitalisation of agriculture. The article analyses the main directions of the development of digital technologies in Russian agriculture within the framework of the implementation of the departmental project of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation “Digital Agriculture”. The analysis of modern innovative technologies used by leading agrarian countries around the world for the digitalisation of agriculture has been carried out. It was revealed that one of the most acute problems that hinders the successful digital transformation of the agricultural industry in Russia today is the shortage of qualified personnel due to the outflow of able-bodied population from rural areas and the high average age of the existing working population. Key words: agriculture, digitalisation, digital technologies, economy

Current issues on digitalisation of controls in the financial and budgetary sphere

Digitalization of control activities is a prerequisite for quality implementation of state financial control in the Russian Federation and effective interaction between all control bodies in order to prevent and combat violations in the financial and budgetary sphere. The article is devoted to the idea of introducing a new “digital control”. This solution is based on transferring the processes of interaction between control bodies and objects to a digital environment, which will allow to conduct a digital dialogue. The possible results of the departmental project in terms of the Federal Treasury control unit are considered. Current actions of government authorities in control (supervision) and oversight in the financial and budgetary sphere, as well as measures taken by the Federal Treasury in this area were analysed. It is concluded that digital transformation has in fact become a necessary condition for increasing the efficiency of control in the financial and budgetary sphere.

Information technology in agriculture: import substitution, economic challenges and technological alternatives

The article provides an overview of possible mechanisms for import substitution of information technologies in the agro-industrial complex (AIC). Changes in the field of international relations directly affected the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation. The withdrawal of Western partners from the market, all kinds of restrictions and disruption of supply chains have become a real challenge for Russian agribusiness. These difficulties will become a powerful impetus for the development of domestic production, which will make it possible to occupy vacant niches, reorient cargo flows, increase import substitution, accelerate automation and digitalization of processes, and, ultimately, reach a new level of economic development of the agro-industrial complex. To a large extent, it is information technology (IT) that will become an indicator that determines how successfully enterprises in the industry will develop in the short and long term. The development of the agro-industrial complex is a fundamental direction in any economy, as it is an important strategic factor influencing the socio-economic stability of society as a whole. Comprehensive and effective development of the agro-industrial complex is impossible without the use of advanced digital technologies. Digital transformation will contribute to the development of domestic robotics and the entire IT market. The growth rate of digitalization of the agro-industrial complex in recent years, and its share in Russia's GDP, is still lagging behind the leading economies of the world. Currently, in the Russian Federation, through the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" and the departmental project "Digital Agriculture" of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, as well as by creating conditions for advanced development and import substitution, the number of investment projects for the construction and reconstruction of agricultural facilities is growing. The latest equipment and technologies require a high degree of automation and the use of advanced digital solutions, and therefore the digital transformation of food production and, in general, all areas of the agro-industrial complex is gaining momentum.

Federal Directorate for Safe Storage and Destruction of Chemical Weapons – 30th Anniversary

The Russian Federation has ratified the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, and thereby reaffirmed its international obligations assumed in the field of chemical disarmament. To solve the problem of the destruction of chemical weapons, given its complexity and versatility, the Presidential Federal Target Program «Destruction of stockpiles of chemical weapons in the Russian Federation» was developed. This article is dedicated to the history of the formation of a unique structure – the Federal Office for the Safe Storage and Destruction of Chemical Weapons and the formation of a team of its specialists who directly performed the difficult task of destroying chemical weapons. September 27, 2017 at the facility for the destruction of chemical weapons in the village Kizner of the Udmurt Republic, in a special ceremony, the last chemical munition was destroyed. The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has recorded the fact of the complete destruction of chemical weapons in the Russian Federation with the relevant certificates. The program for the destruction of chemical weapons was completed 3 years ahead of schedule, with savings of 9.6 billion rubles. The main results of the completed process of destruction of chemical weapons are that no human life has been lost and no damage has been done to the environment. Currently, the Federal Directorate is implementing measures within the framework of the departmental project «Liquidation of the consequences of the activities of storage facilities and facilities for the destruction of chemical weapons in the Russian Federation» of the state program of the Russian Federation «Development of industry and increasing its competitiveness»

Library Administrative Core Duties: an Annual Guide for Planning and Sequencing Events

Library Administrative duties are varied and complex. While a very large portion of duties require administrators to respond to unique and disparate projects and to develop novel programming and new tasks, a portion of administrative duties are cyclical and can be anticipated on an annual basis. Creating a macro level list of tasks and commitments by utilizing a GANTT chart will allow administrators to more effectively operationalize strategic plans. Additionally, this organizational tool will allow departmental project planners to track staff and funding availability in order to ascertain when additional resources will be available for programming. While the GANTT chart we provide here is not exhaustive, we believe it highlights many of the core tasks and duties performed on an annual, cyclical basis and can serve as the granular planning tool to assist administrators in effectively operationalizing institutional strategic plans.

Regional Activity in Agriculture Digitalization

The digitalization of production in agriculture is a global trend. The national priorities of modern Russia to be determined by the program documents of the country’s socio-economic development for the period up to 2030 imply the use of the wide possibilities of digital technologies to ensure the entry of the Russian Federation into the largest economies in the world. A departmental project is being implemented within the framework of the Digital Economy national project. Digitalization is identified as an important factor in strategic competitive advantage in the medium term, which is difficult to implement without government support. The regions have been identified that are leaders in the field of digitalization of agricultural production and pay great attention to this process. The experience of these regions can provide investments in the development of other regions, as well as ensure the development and modernization of agricultural enterprises. Therefore, information on successful practices in the application of information technologies should be popularized for wider dissemination among farmers.

Transformation of the Service Sector as Part of the Agribusiness Digitalization

The digitalization of production in agriculture is a global trend. The national priorities of modern Russia to be established by the program documents of the country’s socio-economic development for the period up to 2030 determine the digitalization of various industries including the agribusiness as a priority task for ensuring the country’s entry into the number of the largest economies in the world. To speed up the process in the agribusiness, a departmental project titled’Digital Agriculture’ is being implemented, the ultimate goal of which is to ensure a technological breakthrough and achieve productivity growth at enterprises by developing and launching replicated end-to-end intelligent systems. Agriculture ranks fourth in terms of the possibility of automation among all sectors of the economy ahead of construction, insurance and trade. The digitalization of the country’s economy has determined the transformation of the service sector including banks and telecom operators. Digital initiatives of banks and telecom operators have been analyzed in the interests of the agribusiness.

Role of clusters in development of the digital ecosystem of the agro-industrial complex

The main trends in agriculture over the past few years have been export orientation and digitalization. Since 2019, the departmental project “Digital Agriculture” has been implemented. In 2021, a draft order of the government of the Russian Federation “On the Strategic Direction in the Field of Digital Transformation of the Agro-Industrial and Fishery Complex of the Russian Federation until 2030” was developed, which provides for development of a national online platform for promoting the agricultural products and the launch of a modeling and forecasting system for the agro-industrial complex. Currently, the beneficiaries of digitalization are large agricultural holdings and the IT industry (manufacturers of sensors and software developers for machinery and equipment, software companies, fertilizer producers and telecom operators). In order for small and medium-sized farms that do not have sufficient resources for end-to-end digitalization of production and business processes to be able to join the innovation race, it is necessary to look for a format of interaction in which competition and cooperation are organically combined. The article discusses one of such forms of association – clusters; explores their potential role in development of platform network architectures; the similarities and differences of cluster and digital industrial systems are analyzed. It is concluded that the flexibility and openness of cluster structures allows actors to find their functional areas and niches and organically fit into the created digital ecosystem of the agro-industrial complex.

ПРИОРИТЕТНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И МЕРОПРИЯТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ В МЕЛИОРАЦИИ

Purpose: formation of priority directions and effective measures for developing modern digitalization in land reclamation, corresponding to a high-tech, sustainable, environmentally safe domestic crop production system. Materials and methods. The object of research is the priority areas and activities of modern digitalization of production and the social sphere of the economy. The subject is successful digitalization solutions in the field of land reclamation. As research materials, the conceptual provisions of the departmental project and the Digital Agriculture platform of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, information and data obtained from open sources were used. The fundamental research methods are methods of comparative and systematic analysis of the collected and systematized materials on the research theme. Results. The analysis of the state of the domestic reclamation water management complex was carried out, and the expediency of its digitalization based on platform approaches was revealed. The key directions of land reclamation digitalization are proposed, including the processes of design, construction, operation of land reclamation facilities and the processes of state management of land reclamation activities, which should be based on the departmental platform “Digital Land Reclamation” of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. The functional structure of the digital platform project was formed and characterized as part of the software and hardware modules: “Efficient reclamation and water management complex”, “Intelligent reclamation system”, “Smart reclamation field”, “Safe reclamation”, “Competitive enterprise” and “Professional melioration”. Conclusion. Updating the digitalization of Russian agricultural production will require the consolidation of all participants in digital solutions in the field of land reclamation in terms of preparing a detailed, evidence-based concept for the development of the Digital Land Reclamation platform, coordinated with the departmental project “Digital Agriculture”.

КОНЦЕПТЫ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЦИФРОВЫХ ЭКОСИСТЕМ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКИХ СТРУКТУР АПК: ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

Сurrently, there is an urgent need for the development of modern digital ecosystems of transport and logistics services for agricultural enterprises in the context of the transition to the digital economy and digital logistics, as evidenced by the departmental project “Digital Agriculture”. The paper substantiates the concepts of organization and interaction of subjects of the digital platform “Transport and Logistics” in the ecosystems of transport and logistics services of business structures of the agro-industrial complex in the territorial context.

Evaluation of digital maturity for agricultural organizations based on DMPTSC analysis

It is impossible to perceive modern agricultural production without information and communication technologies. The authors analyze the modern state of agriculture in Russia and provide data confirming that agricultural organizations are the main producers of goods. The paper describes the departmental project “Digital Agriculture”, which is designed to increase the efficiency of agricultural production based on the introduction of digital technologies. The digital gap in rural areas is proved based on indicators of the use of information and communication technologies in urban and rural areas. The term “digital maturity” is defined in the aspect of digital transformation of agricultural organizations. The paper proposes the methodology to assess the digital maturity by groups of factors. A survey of the heads of large agricultural organizations was conducted according to the DMPTSC analysis, and measures were proposed to increase the efficiency of digital transformation of agricultural enterprises.

Digital transformation of business processes in aic: starting conditions and priorities

The article examines the starting conditions for digital transformation in agriculture in Russia, identifies the main stages in the history of the development of agricultural production. The author studied the regulatory documents on digital transformation, the components of the Central Information and Analytical System of State Information Support for Agriculture, analyzed the current state of the use of complex digital agricultural solutions by agricultural producers. It also assesses the achieved target indicators of the departmental project «Digital Agriculture», identifies trends in their change over the period. Drivers for the development of digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex in Russia have been formed and presented.

КАДРОВЫЙ РЕСУРС РАЗВИТИЯ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ МОДЕЛЕЙ ПРОЕКТНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В ПУБЛИЧНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ

The author describes the institutional model of project management in the Russian Federation, which includes two interconnected sets of institutional mechanisms (strategic design and project management) at the national and regional levels. The empirical methods of the study were a traditional analysis of documents and an expert survey of representatives of regional and departmental project offices of the Krasnodar Territory), experts in project management. Two waves of expert interviews were conducted (2019 and 2021), within the framework of which 40 experts were interviewed. According to the results of the study, a set of resources (personnel, political-administrative, socio-economic, communication-network) for the development of the project management system in the state authorities of the Krasnodar Territory was determined, as well as problems in the formation of personnel resources were identified and described. In modern realities, the personnel resource for the development of the institutional model of project activity is key in the public sector of the Krasnodar Territory. In this regard, a set of competencies is defined that are necessary for the successful implementation of projects in state authorities; here are described technologies of development of project competences of state civil servants (educational, network, psychological, technologies of social elevators) implementing the project activity; practical recommendations for improving project management in the state authorities of the Krasnodar Territory have been developed, based on work with project teams. The set of problems and factors identified and formulated by the author that affect the effectiveness of the implementation of project management in the Krasnodar Territory, as well as reasonable resources and technologies for the development of project competencies of state civil servants, can be used in the design of effective institutional mechanisms for the further development of project activities in the public administration of the Krasnodar Territory.

Digital technologies for the survey of the state of agricultural land

Agricultural land is a strategic resource that ensures the food security of the population. They act as the main means of production in agriculture, have a special legal regime, and are subject to special protection aimed at preserving their area, preventing the development of negative soil processes, and increasing soil fertility. The irrational and inappropriate use of agricultural land leads to its degradation, which consists in the loss of fertility, overgrowth, contamination, and the appearance of other negative consequences that negatively affect the possibility of obtaining agricultural products. The functioning of all branches of agriculture and the economy as a whole depends on the rational use of land resources, so the most important task of the state land administration is the organization of land monitoring. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has developed a departmental project “Digital Agriculture” with an implementation period of 2019-2024, the main goal of which is to introduce digital technologies and platform solutions that provide a technological breakthrough in the agro-industrial complex and achieve a 2-fold increase in labor productivity at “digital” agricultural enterprises by 2024. Within the framework of this project, it is planned to form a common system of accounting for agricultural land. It can be used to track which part of the land is used, and which is empty.