Quality Assurance Department Research Articles

Simultaneous Analysis of Lamivudine and Dolutegravir Sodium in Formulation Using First Order Derivative Method

Sapna M. Rathod, Paresh U. Patel and Nisarg C. Patel Author informationArticle notesCopyright and License information Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, APMC College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Himatnagar, Gujarat, INDIA Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, INDIA Department

Understanding the Relation between HR Practices and Pull Approach to Knowledge Sharing: Case Study

The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between human resource (HR) practices, knowledge seeking and knowledge giving by applying the lenses of the motivation-opportunities-abilities framework in the context of the multinational enterprise subsidiary located in Central Europe. The article presents the research results using qualitative methodology, mainly based on semi-structured interviews among employees of a quality assurance department. As a result of this research, the situations when employees seek knowledge and give knowledge in response to a request were identified together with motivations, abilities and opportunities related to those behaviours. We then identified HR practices and determined which of these practices enhance or develop conditions related to pull knowledge sharing. These results extend the knowledge on knowledge seeking and giving behaviour by introducing antecedences not studied earlier.

CHARACTERISTICS OF DIDACTIC CONDITIONS OF MONITORING QUALITY OF EDUCATION OF FUTURE MASTERS OF DENTISTRY IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY

The content of the article consists in the characteristics of didactic conditions for monitoring the quality of education of future masters of dentistry in the educational environment of the university. It was determined that the reform of higher education in Ukraine involves its reorientation, humanization and democratization, aimed at creating a modern system of monitoring and evaluating the quality of education in the educational environment of higher education recipients. It has been investigated that today the monitoring of the quality of education of future masters of dentistry in the educational environment of the university consists in ensuring an effective, objective information display of the state of the quality of the higher education system, monitoring the dynamics of the quality of the provision of educational services, the effectiveness of the management of the quality of higher education, identifying changes that affect the quality of higher education and educational activities, as well as studying the effectiveness of the institution's work, the results of the organization of educational, methodological and scientific work. It has been found that the considered didactic conditions in the general didactic context are intended to regulate the learning process, control it and evaluate program learning outcomes, and also act as a methodical basis for creating a system for monitoring the quality of education of future dental masters in the educational environment of the university. Their further successful implementation depends on many factors: the development of didactics, pedagogy, educational management, pedagogical monitoring, the level of digitization of education in general and a specific medical institution of higher education in particular, the organization of education quality assurance departments.

Establishing quality indicators to comprehensively assess quality assurance and patient safety in radiotherapy and their relationship with an institution’s background

Background and purposeQuality indicators (QIs) for radiotherapy have been proposed by several groups, but no study has been conducted to correlate the implementation of indicators specific to patient safety over the course of the clinical process with an institution’s background. An initial large-scale survey was conducted to understand the implementation status of QIs established for quality assurance and patient safety in radiotherapy and the relationship between implementation status and an institutions’ background. Materials and methodOverall, 68 QIs that were established by this research team after a pilot survey were used to assess structures and processes for quality assurance and patient safety. Data on the implementation of QIs and the institutions’ backgrounds were obtained from designated cancer care hospitals in Japan. ResultsOverall, 284 institutions (72 %) responded and had a median QI achievement rate of 60.8 %. QIs with low implementation rates, such as the implementation of an error reporting system and establishment of a quality assurance department, were identified. The QI achievement rate and scale of the institution were positively correlated, and the achievement rate of all QIs was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in institutions capable of advanced treatments, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, and those with a quality assurance department. ConclusionA large-scale survey on QIs revealed their implementation and relationship with a facility’s background. QIs that require improvement were identified, and that these QIs might be effective in providing advanced medical care to many patients.

DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATORS’ DIGITAL COMPETENCE AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

As the situation in the world is extremely fluid, university educators must be ready and able to provide all educational, informational, consulting services using the Internet system. That is why the issue of the digital competence development is of a great importance. The purpose of this article is to highlight innovative strategies to promote the development of digital competence of medical university educators. In order to meet the demands of the modern informational society, it is critical to be responsive to the latest requirements and keep on learning. The formation of new organizational values and norms of electronic education require additional time, physical, and material resources. The main mission of methodological department of education quality assurance at the Poltava State Medical University established 5 years ago is to create conditions for educators to update their digital and methodological levels by organizing the digital space and moving work to qualitatively new standards. The matter of improving digital competence is of particular importance, as well as an updating the ideology regarding the organization and control of the teaching staff work. The University Library also contributes much in creating the modern educational environment. The library personnel try to combine traditional service and the latest information technologies. The creation, administration and moderation of the Poltava State Medical University repository are also very important. The university website is organized in such a way that it allows educators and students to use it easily and conveniently. Thus, today it is essential to train modern scientists, teachers, and managers to meet new demands, use a wide range of possibilities of innovative digital technologies and teach them to convey creative and critical use of these digital technologies.

The Challenges Faced in Implementing Fee-Free Education Policy for Secondary Schools in Tanzania: The Case of Morogoro Municipality

The study on the effectiveness of the free education policy in Tanzania was conducted in fee-free secondary schools in Morogoro municipality. The study was guided by three specific objectives; investigate the implementation of the free education policy in Morogoro municipality, examine challenges facing the implementation of the free education policy in Morogoro municipality and recommend methods for the effective implementation of free education policy in Morogoro municipality. The data were collected by using interviews, questionnaires, and documentary reviews. The study indicated that stakeholders were involved in the implementation of FFE in many ways including educating parents, students, and the community concerning the innovation, encouraging parents to send their children to school, making sure that fee is not paid in schools, and improving the academic performance of students. Stakeholders were satisfied with the introduction of FFE because it has provided relief in terms of education costs to parents and guardians. The study also revealed changes due to the implementation of FFE in Morogoro municipality. The changes include an increase in students’ enrolment, attendance in schools, demands of capitation grants in schools, supply of teaching materials than before, school services and buildings, and opportunities for parents and guardians to engage in social and economic activities. For proper performance of students in schools and provision of FFE, there is a need for the government to improve the modality and amount of funds allocated to run schools. The study recommended an increase in community participation and minimising challenges in school-related activities of implementing FFE, their students (??) and the community on the concept of FFE. In ensuring the commitment of teachers and heads of schools to implement FFE in schools, the working conditions should be improved by remunerating teachers properly, building houses for teachers, ensuring transport for students and teachers, establishing sanitary services, ensuring in-service teachers training, and availing them with teaching resources. In eliminating the big teacher-student ratio and shortage of teachers in schools, the government and non-governmental organisations should strive to train new teachers and employ them in schools. The quality assurance and monitoring department in the district should be supported to visit schools regularly. Their regular visits are expected to provide support to teachers and schools in terms of technical and professional challenges in teaching and operation of the school.

Impact of Vroman’s Effect on Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics on Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems

Published on: October 2022Journal of Young Pharmacists, 2022; 14(4):355-358Review Article | doi:10.5530/jyp.2022.14.72 Authors:Chinthaginjala Haranath1,*, Krishnam Sai Vamsi1, Yousef AM Qarmout1, Hindustan Abdul Ahad2, Samuluru Chandana31Department of Pharmaceutics, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER)- Autonomous, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.2Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER)- Autonomous, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.3Department of Quality Assurance, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER)- Autonomous, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA. Abstract:Nanoparticle drug delivery can produce a unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effect and unveiled better safety in vivo and in vitro toxicity profiles when compared with conventional drugs. In 1960, Vroman revealed that competitive protein exchange is a general phenomenon that occurs when a protein mixture adsorbs to a surface is called ‘Vroman’s effect’ which is responsible for the fate of the nanoparticles. The development and formation of protein corona on nanoparticles is due to the adsorption of proteins on the surface. It is vital in specific targeting and alter the size and composition of the nanoparticle. The entropy-driven binding manages this adsorption of protein on the surface. Binding of polyethylene glycol to the nanoparticles decreases the non-specific binding and increases the targeting of tissue via enhanced permeability and retention effect. An individual disease state and components in biofluids can modify the structure and shape of protein corona on nanoparticles. By label-free transducers, we can detect targets using Vroman’s effect. The biological identification of nanoparticles can lead to deleterious consequences, such as immunotoxicity, due to the formation of the protein corona.Keywords: Vromans effect, Nanoparticles, Protein corona, Disease state, Biofluids.

THE STRATEGIES OF IMPROVING EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMPETENCE-BASED CURRICULUM IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN TANZANIA: THE CASE STUDY OF TABORA REGION

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate what stakeholders in education thought about strategies to enhance the competence-based curriculum's effective implementation in Tanzania's secondary schools.&#x0D; The research methodology: A case study research design was used in the study. 112 participants from various educational categories, including District Education Officers (DEO), Quality Assurers (QA), heads of secondary schools and teachers, participated in focus groups and interviews to acquire the data. The study also employed a thematic approach to data presentation and analysis.&#x0D; Findings: The study's findings identified several strategies that can be used in Tanzania to successfully implement a competency-based curriculum: ensure that heads of schools regularly receive pedagogical leadership training, improve in-service teacher training, improve school-based indoor training, employ enough teachers, improve school infrastructure, provide enough teaching and learning materials, ensure effective partnership between schools and parents improve library services and improve use of information technology, improve school based assessment procedures and establishment of school-based quality assurance department.&#x0D; Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings of the study supported the constructivist theorists' claim that social interaction among students is an important factor in fostering meaningful learning. As an outcome, it will be possible to adequately apply the competency based curriculum in the classroom if there is a positive teaching and learning environment that is characterised by having sufficient teachers, teaching and learning resources and knowledgeable school leaders. The study recommended that both public and private schools keep up their efforts to hire enough teachers, increase and redevelop school facilities, install information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures at every school and establish and strengthen initiatives aimed at training heads of schools and teachers in pedagogical leadership.

Re-engineering Quality Assurance Functions to Support Implementation of CBC in Secondary Schools Lessons for Tanzania: A Literature Review

The significance of quality assurance (QA) function in supporting CBC implementation should not be underestimated. Major functions of QAs are to supervise the implementation of the curriculum, organize in-service courses for curriculum implementers, and conduct research on the best practices on QA of the delivery of education. Regardless of the aforementioned QAs functions, a review of literature indicates that QA officers in many African countries do not visit secondary schools as it is required, instead they prefer visiting primary schools to execute their QA activities. This casts doubt on their capacity to carry out their responsibilities in the setting of CBC in secondary schools. Therefore, the purpose of this desktop paper was to find out how QA functions should be re-engineered to match with CBC principles to enable QA officers to supervise implementation of CBC in secondary schools. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the challenges that hinder the execution of QAs functions, recommend strategies for QA officers to enhance their performance and find out lessons which Tanzania can learn from other countries in order to improve QA operations in secondary schools. To find answers to these questions, the study reviewed literature and found that the QA departments were understaffed. Tanzania’s QA department, for example, has 1185 officers, with 218 officers assigned to Secondary and Teachers’ Colleges. Furthermore, review of literature revealed that lack of in-service training among QAs officers has hampered their ability to carry out QA activities in compliance with CBC principles. Based on the findings, the study recommends that there should be adequate staffing of QA department and capacity building for QAs Staff to enable them to execute their roles effectively in the context of CBC.

Study of Drug Production and Quality Control Process in Factories: A Case Study in Tolid Mavade Avallieh Daroupakhsh

Tolid Mavade Avallieh Daroupakhsh Company is known as the largest producer of pharmaceutical active pharmaceutical ingredients in the Middle East and as one of the reputable companies in the field of production of narcotic and non-narcotic products worldwide.In addition to production, this complex has not neglected to consider environmental issues. In this regard, for many years, environmental protection has been seriously on its agenda, and since 2007, with the formation of an independent unit called "Production Support Unit" has followed this path more seriously. The first task of pharmaceutical manufacturers is to ensure the safety and effectiveness of their products. It is important only in the case of continuous quality control methods. For this reason the company has various departments including management, accounting, administrative and commercial affairs, planning manager, technical manager, laundry, warehouse manager, control laboratory, production control, synthesis, formulation, production management, production manager, packaging, coating, Facilities, technical management of warehouse, packaging and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Tests performed by a chemist on active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug quality are performed in a controlled laboratory. Other tasks include quality control and assurance and the development of control methods to ensure and match the production process with good GMP production operations. In the new pharmacy, another task is the responsibility of this department, and that is to ensure the compatibility of biological studies and clinical tests with good laboratory operations GLP and good clinical operations GCP. For example, these operations will be controlled by the quality control and assurance department, and their compliance with GCP, GMP, GLP is confirmed. All of these cases are discussed in detail in this paper.

To study Cost of Quality elements for designing and development of Quality by Operation project in English Biscuits Manufacturers Pvt Ltd

The term cost of quality (COQ) explains how an organization can use its resources to the best in order to raise its product’s quality or services and prevent poor quality resulting in any form of failure. This information help organization in determining possible saving that could be achieved on process improvements. Due to the current situation of world economic and market competition, organizations are working to reduce their supply chain cost. For this being an employee of quality assurance department, selected the project to work in the reduction of cost of quality specifically appraisal cost because currently, the company has very high (approx. 70%) of its Quality budget associated with quality control activities thus decided to design and development of ‘’ Quality by Operation Project ‘’ to optimize the cost of quality. The goals of this project are to measure, the appraisal cost and enhance the skill of the production workforce, and to highlight steps to optimize costs and processes. To create a better approach that makes an employee responsible for their own quality control and manufacturing a defect-free product.

Implementation of Geographic Information System Base On Google Maps API to Determine Bidikmisi Scholarship Recipient Distribution in Central Sulawesi Indonesia

The presence of information technology in web-based digital mapping, especially using the Google API, has helped various parties make decisions regarding mapping to find out the distribution of various objects. Bidikmisi scholarship recipients are a group of university students who receive fundings Indonesian government every year. They come from various regions and economic backgrounds. However, the distribution of origin of students receiving the Bidikmisi scholarships has never been investigated accurately. As a result, information related to the geographical distribution of Bidikmisi scholarship recipients, both from an economic point of view and the quality of their education, has not yet been mapped. This study, therefore, developed a geographic information system (GIS) application based on google API to map the distribution of students receiving Bidikmisi scholarship based on region and economic geography. Data were gathered through surveys and interviews with experts and stakeholders from the State Islamic University of Datokarama Palu, Indonesia, to obtain information regarding the GIS design and also the criteria for Bidikmisi scholarship recipients. The results of the study show that 305 students received the scholarship from twelve regencies in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The origins of the students were successfully mapped throughout the province. Our study helped universities, especially in the field of student affairs and the Quality Assurance Department, to monitor the distribution of Bidikmisi scholarship recipients. Our study can be used as a reference in making quick and accurate decisions in future scholarship distribution.

Implementing "Chest Pain Pathway" Using Smartphone Messaging Application "WhatsApp" as a Corrective Action Plan to Improve Ischemia Time in "ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction" in Primary PCI Capable Center "WhatsApp-STEMI Trial".

ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires immediate medical attention. Each hospital should implement a clinical pathway with the main objective to reduce ischemia time from diagnosis to revascularization (because this has shown to save myocardial tissues and, subsequently, patients' lives), utilizing the most evidence-based approach and the most up-to-date management protocol. In this study, we aimed to assess the utility of structuring chest pain pathway (CPP) with the instantaneous case-by-case feedback protocol using WhatsApp and its impact on improving 2 major key performance indicators-the impact on initial emergency room (ER) door-to-electrocardiogram (ECG) time, and door-to-balloon time-in a predefined 6-month corrective action period. A prospective, quality improvement plan was set to reduce door-to-first-ECG and door-to-balloon times to less than 10 and 90 minutes, respectively, in all acute coronary syndrome cases (including STEMI cases), from August 2020 to April 30, 2021. Several measures were done to attain the goal, including strict compliance to CPP with documentation, ruling out possible mimickers, and reducing false activation and time delays in ER. Direct feedback on cases was provided using WhatsApp messaging app on smartphones; protocol and results of time lines were accessed by all healthcare providers associated with CPP, including ER nurses, ER doctors, Cardiology residents, specialists, Catheterization laboratory nurses, technicians, and interventionalists. Bimonthly meetings with all stake holders were reinforced, and minutes of meeting were reviewed and corrective actions were implemented the next day. On a daily basis, all cases were analyzed and tabulated by a dedicated nurse and a doctor from ER, and another nurse and doctor from the quality assurance department. After a 6-month period of implementing improvement plan and sticking to a comprehensive chest pain clinical pathways strategy with a case-by-case review on a shared smartphone messaging application, the rate of door-to-first-ECG improved from 76% to 93% in patients with chest pain, and the door-to-balloon time targeting less than 90 minutes improved significantly from only 77% to 92% in STEMI patients. This was statistically significant with a P value of 0.0001 and 0.001, respectively, and the rate of false activation was reduced from 23% to 16% and 10% 3 and 6 months of time, respectively, with a significant P value of <0.01. Finally, a strict 100% rate of timely documentation on patients with chest pain was achieved. An improvement plan of implementing the CPP, cut-time policy, and using smartphone WhatsApp messaging for a case-to-case instantaneous feedback has significantly improved key performance indicators and, subsequently, ischemia time in acute coronary syndrome patients (including STEMI patients) in 6 months time, indicating that this strategy works.

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER FROM R &amp; D TO PRODUCTION AND ITS DOCUMENTATION IN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A REVIEW

Technology transfer plays a milestone in the pharmaceutical industry during the citation of drug discovery to drug product development. Technology transfer technique transferred from Research &amp; Development (R&amp;D) department to production department through the process of the research phase, development phase, and production phase for further product commercialization. This study was an attempt to discuss the reasons and importance of technology transfer, processing steps for technology transfer, and its documentation report. Establishing confirmation technique for all kinds of documentation and will be inspected and accepted by quality assurance department before the technologies reaches the production department. Hence, the proposed transferring technique will help to develop the product through the processes mentioned in the documentation report.

Analytical Methods of Dihydropyridines Based Calcium Channel Blockers - Amlodipine, Lacidipine, Isradipine, Nifedipine, Felodipine, Cilnidipine and its related formulations: A Review

Objectives: Various analytical techniques are applied in pharmaceutical field to estimate the quality of active pharmaceutical ingredients, amount of drug in biological fluids and in formulations. The aim of this review article is to provide utmost existing analytical methods for analysis of dihydropyridines based calcium channel blockers for estimation of Amlodipine, Lacidipine, Isradipine, Nifedipine, Felodipine, and Cilnidipine in pure form, biological fluids (like Human Plasma, Human Serum, Human Urine etc.,) and its related formulations including novel formulations. Dihydropyridines based Calcium Channel blockers is a major chemical class of drugs used in the treatment of hypertension and various coronary artery diseases. Evidence acquisition: Current analytical techniques available for active pharmaceutical ingredients and its related formulations are tabulated with extensive method conditions which can be used in analysis of dihydropyridines based calcium channel blockers drugs outlined from official pharmacopoeias and other relevant research articles. Conclusion: Various analytical techniques such as HPLC, HPTLC, UPLC, GC, LC-MS, and GC-MS are involved. This review assists in appropriate selection of analytical technique, solvent, mobile phase, column, detector based on available analytical instruments and chemicals, by referring tabulated extensive method conditions. It can be implemented in quality control and quality assurance department for quality assessment of diverse pharmaceutical formulations.

ACHIEVING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION DEPENDING ON THE QUALITY OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS OF INSURANCE COMPANIES IN IRAQ

The issue of service quality has become a constant concern of writers and researcers as it affects all economic sectors. The level of services that the insurance company provides may be one of the factors that affect attracting the insured, especially if we take into consideration the multiplicity of insurance companies and the openness of Arab markets to international companies that offer the same insurance products. Accordingly, the quality of service is one of the most important variables that distinguish any company from its competitors. The most important factor in attracting new customers or retaining existing ones. Therefore, insurance companies seek to increase the quality of their services in order to increase their market share, enhance their competitiveness, and ensure survival. The descriptive approach was used in the research, and the questionnaire and interviews were among the most important tools used as well. The statistical program (SPSS) was used to analyze the results of the applied research and test hypotheses, and the National Insurance Company was the subject of the research study. A sample of (39) people were selected who received compensation from the fire insurance portfolio. For the purpose of testing hypotheses, many statistical methods were used, which helped in reaching specific results. In light of these results, a number of conclusions were reached, the most important of which is the existence of a correlation relationship between the variables of insurance service quality and customer satisfaction in the company in question. The results were consistent with the research hypotheses. Finally, the researcher put forward a set of recommendations to the company depending on the results of the research. Among the recommendations that were made is the establishment of a unit in the organizational structure that is concerned with the quality of organizational performance and is attached directly to the higher management. It should be called a department or unit of quality and reliability assurance

Aligning continuing professional development (CPD) with quality assurance (QA): a perspective of healthcare leadership

Ensuring patient health and safety is one of the main goals of continuing professional development (CPD) and quality assurance (QA) departments. Many models of integration have been developed as an effort to maximise outcomes and connect both departments through this common goal of patient safety and quality of patient care. Yet little research has been conducted on the integration of both departments in different healthcare settings. This study explored the perspectives of leaders (N = 12) in healthcare settings regarding the current state of collaboration and gaps between CPD and QA. In this descriptive study, data was collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews guided by directive prompts. Questions were selected to identify healthcare leaders’ perspectives on the relationship between CPD and QA in their settings. All recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. An inductive analytical approach was applied for thematic analysis of transcripts. The results demonstrated the participants’ understanding of collaboration processes between CPD and QA. Currently, the only shared goal reported was that CPD teams should provide logistical support to QA teams. Several other factors of collaboration were lacking, reinforcing the need for more efforts to integrate both departments. This study identified a lack of integration between CPD and QA departments but provided evidence of the existence of a basic level of collaboration in the healthcare setting. In addition, this study demonstrated the practical application of D’Amour’s collaboration model. Further exploration to generalise the results in other healthcare settings is required.

Fostering Quality in the Graduation Research Project at the Libyan Faculties of Education: Libyan Teacher-Educators’ Perspectives

One of the Libyan Faculty of Education exit requirements is the graduation research project. Current literature review indicates the scarcity of literature on the quality of the graduation project in the Libyan context. Thus, the present study addressed this shortcoming by investigating the opinions of the faculty members at the Faculties of Education at various Libyan public universities on achieving quality standards in the graduation research projects. The design of the study was exploratory sequential mixed methods as we gathered both quantitative and qualitative data to get accurate and detailed picture of the Libyan teacher-educators’ views on fostering quality in the graduation research project. The context of the study is the Faculties of Education at eight Libyan universities. The participants were 62 Libyan teacher-educators who were faculty members at the Libyan Faculties of Education. Data were collected through documents, questionnaires, and follow up interviews. The results showed that the participants’ views were opposite to the document analysis and revealed that the participants were not sure whether the regulations covered all the points related to the graduation research projects, so they preferred to be neutral. They also perceived several factors as the issues that hindered the quality of the graduation research projects. The participants suggestions as ways of fostering quality in the graduation research projects included achieving quality by following the quality standards described by the quality assurance department among other suggestions.

TUGAS POKOK DAN FUNGSI APOTEKER SEBAGAI KEPALA DEPARTEMEN PRODUKSI DI INDUSTRI FARMASI

The production of pharmaceutical preparations can only be carried out by business entities that have obtained permission from the Minister of Health in accordance with applicable regulations. It is the responsibility of the pharmacist in the production department to ensure that the production process is in accordance with applicable regulations, so as to prevent risks that can harm consumers. This article aims to identify and describe the main duties and functions of Pharmacists in the production department. The method used is descriptive by conducting a literature study of the main tasks and functions of pharmacists in the drug production department. The production department pharmacist has the duty and function to ensure the initial and continuing training of department personnel and implement it as needed, ensure the production department qualifies and maintains facilities and equipment, approves production activity procedures and ensures that these procedures are in accordance, ensuring that drug production and storage in accordance with storage procedures, evaluating production records and signed by authorized personnel and validated correctly. In addition, Pharmacists in the production department have the joint responsibility of the quality assurance and quality control departments to jointly carry out all aspects related to quality, so as to form a mutually sustainable order to produce medicinal products that are safety, quality, and efficacy.

Assessment of Prescription Medications for Indoor Patients and Effect of Interventions in a Medical College Hospital.

Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Hospital and Research Centre in Pune, India has been a pioneer institute with 831 beds, with learned faculty, residents, and trained nursing and supportive staff. Top management decided to further improve quality and safety in patient care and accordingly felt the need to acquire accreditation under the banner of National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). As a first step toward this, a quality assurance department was established and entrusted with the task to identify areas needing improvement. "Prescription profile of medications" was identified as one of the core areas needing improvement as medication errors are mostly due to faulty prescriptions. The aim of this study was to measure the compliance of indoor patient prescriptions towards standard guidelines. Top management of the hospital envisaged that preparing for NABH accreditations would be one of the tools for improving patient safety and quality. Hence, in addition to a quality assurance department, a separate department of clinical pharmacy and pharmacovigilance was also established, specifically to take care of medication safety, including prescription profile. Interventions were designed based on observations in the preintervention phase. Interventions included regular monitoring of prescriptions, medication safety, and repeated training sessions for physicians by the department of clinical pharmacy and quality assurance. Compliance by physicians regarding most of the components of prescriptions showed improvement. There has been a substantial reduction in medication errors (in patient days). The improvement in compliance of components of prescriptions and reduction in medication errors was attributable to applied interventions.