Department Of Preventive Medicine Research Articles

The Inflammation Markers According to the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

The Inflammation Markers According to the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease Sook Young Kim, Won Yu Kang, Jun Ho Shin, Bo Ram Youn, Il Hyung Jung, Dong In Nam, Chung Kang, Hong Ju An, Sang Seon Lee, Ho Yeong Song, Hoon Kang, Sang Cheol Cho, Sun Ho Hwang, Wan Kim Heart Center of Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea

The Effect of Height on Body Weight Estimation by the Photo in Internet Users and Experts

Young-Jin Tak, Yun-Jin Kim, Sang-Yeoup Lee, Jeong-Gyu Lee, Dong-Wook Jung Yu-Hyeon Yi, Young-Hye Cho, Eun-Jung Choi, Byung-Mann Cho Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital (1) ; Family Medicine Clinic, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital ; Medical Education Unit, Pusan National University School of Medicine; and Department of Preventive Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital

The embodied and relational nature of the mind: implications for clinical interventions in aging individuals and populations

Considerable research over the past decade has garnered support for the notion that the mind is both embodied and relational. Jointly, these terms imply that the brain, physical attributes of the self, and features of our interpersonal relationships and of the environments in which we live jointly regulate energy and information flow; they codetermine how we think, feel, and behave both individually and collectively. In addition to direct experience, evidence supports the view that stimuli embedded within past memories trigger multimodal simulations throughout the body and brain to literally recreate lived experience. In this paper, we review empirical support for the concept of an embodied and relational mind and then reflect on the implications of this perspective for clinical interventions in aging individuals and populations. Data suggest that environmental influences literally “get under the skin” with aging; that musculoskeletal and visceral sensations become more prominent in activities of the mind due to aging biological systems and chronic disease. We argue that conceiving the mind as embodied and relational will grow scientific inquiry in aging, transform how we think about the self-system and well-being, and lead us to rethink health promotion interventions aimed at aging individuals and populations.

Neurologists' Awareness and Preparedness on Prion Diseases in Korea

Department of Neurology*, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam; Department of Neurology†, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul; Department of Neurology‡, Yonsei University Severance Hospital, Seoul; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine§, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is very rare human prion disease. But, neurologists take a key role in diagnosis, surveillance and management of the cases because of its complexity and difficulty in diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of awareness and preparedness of Korean neurologists on this rare disease. Methods: Survey sheets of self-administered questionnaire were given to Korean neurologists who participated in the 31st Annual Meeting of the Koran Neurological Association. Data from 133 respondents were conducted by descriptive analysis. Results: Their answers were as follows: About 62% of neurologists have experienced patients of CJD. Forty-four percent of the patients were confirmed by brain biopsy. Most of neurologists (44%) were not confident to diagnose CJD and the reason why they felt hard to diagnose was due to the variable initial clinical manifestations (45.1%) and the lack of clinical experience (51.9%). Heidenheim variant CJD, proteinase sensitive prionopathy, molecular subtypes of sporadic CJD, diagnostic criteria was not familiar term to Korean neurologists (76.7%, 53.4%, 58.6%, and 62.4% respectively). Opinion for the most useful diagnostic tool was brain MRI (45.1%), CSF 14-3-3 protein (30.1%), typical EEG finding (36.8%) and gene (PRNP) test (42.9%). And they consider none of them are specific for the diagnosis of CJD (89.5%, 73.7%, 83.5%, 91.7%, respectively). Most of the neurologist in this survey answered that the opportunity for education of CJD should be increased (67.7%). Conclusions: Most of neurologists have encountered CJD patients although it is very rare disease. Some of the important and fundamental concepts of CJD were not correctly recognized to Korean neurologists, necessitating a persistent support for updating knowledge and information. Received: February 5, 2013 Revision received: March 28, 2013 Accepted: March 28, 2013

Study to assess determinants of domestic violence among women in urban slum of Mumbai

Violence against women could be physical, mental or sexual. It reflects inequities between men and women and compromises health, dignity, security & autonomy of the victims. The present study was carried out at the Urban Health Centre & included all married women in the reproductive age, to study various factors associated with violence, and the decision making power of the women. Objectives: 1. To identify socio-cultural and demographic factors related to domestic violence. 2. To assess health status of these women. 3. To assess decision making power of women and its relationship with domestic violence. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive, epidemiological study was carried out at Urban Health Centre, Govandi , field practice area affiliated to the Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, Topiwala National Medical College, Mumbai, during the period from 1 st February 2008 - 31 st March 2008. Study population included married women who experienced domestic violence, in the age group 15-45 years, attending general OPD (n = 105). Women were enquired about the type of violence faced by them , their perpetrators, the perceived risk factors and their decision making power in the family. Data was analyzed using SPSS 11.5. Results : Women who experienced violence were included in the study (n=105). Most of them (82.86%) were Muslims, illiterate(53.34%) and were in the age group 26 - 35 years(57.14%). The violence faced by them was mostly Verbal(71.42%) and Physical violence (48.57%), with perpetrators being mostly their husbands' and Mother- in - law. These women did not have any power in decision making in the family.

Perception and Practices Regarding Menstruation in Women of Reproductive Age Group in Urban Slums

Background: There are various beliefs and practices which exist in the domain of reproductive health of women. Menstruation is one such area. Menstruation is a monthly cyclical change entirely of a women's body and yet it influences the quality of her life in her household, her interaction with the family, and her relation with the world outside her household. Menstruation is influenced by various beliefs&taboos. Perception and practices regarding menstruation are of considerable importance for reproductive health. Poor practices increase vulnerability to reproductive tract infection. Objectives: To identify the gap between perception&practices during menstruation and know superstition and beliefs regarding the same. Material and Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted amongst 300 reproductive age group 15-44 yrs group women in urban slums of Agra to determine their perceptions, problems, and practices on menstruation. Stratified simple random sampling technique was used for collecting information from the women of reproductive age group from the area attached to urban health center of Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Agra. Results: The correct perception regarding household work was found in about half (48%) of the women surveyed, and in practice it was 58%.Two thirds of the women had correct perception about dietary belief and taboos and only 35% women avoided certain foods. Out of 207 married women 33.3% had correct perception about intercourse during menstruation period, while in practice it was only15.2%.Out of 31 women who were involved in this activity during menstruation 16 were using condom. Conclusion: It was found that half of the women had adequate knowledge regarding menstruation while practice was influenced by various beliefs and taboos. It is necessary to increase IEC (information, education and communication) for better perception, for discarding unhealthy practices and for adopting healthy practices. Counseling can be initiated early for the adolescent girls. Counseling is also required for the elderly women who perpetuate the tradition and practices in the family.

Serum calcium levels are not associated with coronary heart disease

BackgroundNumerous studies have reported that low calcium intake is related to a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between serum calcium and coronary heart disease is unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare serum calcium levels in patients with coronary heart disease and those in healthy individuals.MethodsThis retrospective, case-control study conducted in the People’s Republic of China comprised 380 cases and 379 controls. Serum calcium levels, blood lipids, and anthropometric measurements were measured in both groups. The Student’s unpaired t-test or Chi-square test was used to compare differences between cases and controls. Pearson’s partial correlation coefficient was used to determine the association between serum calcium, blood lipids, and blood pressure in both groups.ResultsOur results indicate that the average level of serum calcium in cases was higher than in controls. Serum calcium levels showed no correlation with any parameter except for triglycerides in either group.ConclusionOverall, these data suggest that serum calcium has no influence on coronary heart disease or triglyceride levels in the general population.

580: A pathway analysis of imprinted genes in developing placentae

genes in developing placentae Jennifer King, Kai Wang, Huaiyu Mi, Nicole Bender, Rachel Steward, Sue Ingles, Joseph Ouzounian, Melissa Wilson University of Southern California, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, CA, University of Southern California, Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA OBJECTIVE: Genomic imprinting has been demonstrated to be integral to fetal development and placentation. The majority of studies on imprinted gene expression in humans have involved term placentas, while placental imprinting is known to be a dynamic process, which evolves during human pregnancy. For these reasons, the distinct imprinted gene expression profile displayed in the early human placenta remains largely unknown. Our objective was to investigate the pattern of imprinted gene expression across first and early second trimester placental development. STUDY DESIGN: We sequenced complementary cDNA from placental villi obtained at 7, 8, 9, and 15 weeks gestation using massively parallel next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq). We used the PANTHER classification system (http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp) to evaluate imprinted gene expression at each gestational age in reference to the human genome. We performed a pathway analysis to determine important processes at each time point that differ from the human genome using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. We did not use a Bonferroni correction due to the exploratory nature of the analysis. We report the top 15 pathways for each gestational age. RESULTS: Table includes top 15 pathways for each gestational age, none of which are statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. CONCLUSION: Similarities between global gene expression pathways and imprinted gene pathways speak to the importance of imprinted genes in the developing placenta. Imprinted genes have variable expression in early placental development. The top pathway for gestational ages of 8 and 9 weeks appear remarkably similar. At 15 weeks, the molecular pathways of the imprinted genes are notably different compared to earlier gestational age. These observations may reflect changes in imprinted gene expression that occur with changes in oxygen pressure or may be a result of small sample size. Larger studies are required to differentiate. 581 A pathway analysis of the developing placentome Jennifer King, Kai Wang, Huaiyu Mi, Ian Tilley, Rachel Steward, Sue Ingles, Joseph Ouzounian, Melissa Wilson University of Southern California, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles, CA, University of Southern California, Department of Psychiatry and The Behavioral Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA OBJECTIVE: The creation of a suitable intrauterine environment for fetal development is dependent on the proper functioning of placental chorionic villi. Chorionic villi require well-coordinated expression of several transcription factors, cytokines and their receptors, growth factors, and cell cycle regulators. Disruption of the expression of these regulatory factors may lead to placental growth and development disorders. However, gene expression levels across gestatational age have not been fully delineated. Our objective was to investigate the pattern of global gene expression across first and early second trimester placental development. STUDY DESIGN: In the present investigation, we sequenced complementary cDNA from placenta villi obtained at 7, 8, 9, and 15 weeks gestation, using massively parallel next-generation sequencing (RNAseq). We used the PANTHER classification system (http://www.pantherdb.org/about.jsp) to evaluate global gene expression at each gestational age in reference to the human genome. We performed a pathway analysis to determine important processes at each time point that differ from the human genome using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: See Table. CONCLUSION: Pathways involved in protein degradation, and regulation of trophoblast invasion are important at all four gestational ages. However, the relative importance of different pathways diverges after that point among the four gestational ages. The possible clinical significance of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway may be underappreciated to date. Additional analyses with a larger sample size are required to understand how these pathways may play a role in predisposing to diseases of placental etiology, such as preeclampsia or intrauterine growth restriction. Pathway description, ( )over or ( )under represented vs human genome (reference) Poster Session IV Academic Issues, Antepartum Fetal, Clinical Ob, Fetus, Genetics, Hypertension, Med-Surg-Diseases, Operative Ob, U/S www.AJOG.org

Prevention of injuries and diseases in non-professional disaster volunteer activities in the Great East Japan Earthquake areas: A preliminary study

T. Haraoka *, S. Hayasaka , C. Murata , T. Ojima b Department of Regional Medical Management, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashiku, Hamamatsu, Japan Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Higashiku, Hamamatsu, Japan Department of Sports and Health Science, Daito Bunka University, Higashimatsuyama, Japan Section of Social Participation and Support, Department of Social Science, Center for Gerontology and Social Science (CGSS), National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (NCGG), Obu, Japan

Smoking Rate Trends in Korean Occupational Groups: Analysis of KNHANES 1998–2009 Data

This study aimed to investigate changes in the smoking rate among Korean adults from 1998-2009 by gender and occupational groups. Using the data from the first (1998), second (2001), third (2005) and fourth (2009) waves of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), we examined men and women between 25-64 years old. Occupational groups were classified into 3 groups of non-manual workers, 5 groups of manual workers and other workers groups. The other group included the unemployed, students and housewives. Age-adjusted prevalence rates of cigarette smoking were calculated for 10-year age groups in each wave of the KNHANES. Trends in the smoking rate according to occupational groups were estimated. Among male workers, decreasing trends in smoking rates were observed in non-manual workers, manual workers, and other workers. The odds ratios and prevalence ratios for the smoking rates of the manual workers comparing the non-manual workers increased from 1998 to 2005, whereas decreased to 1.38 and 1.12, respectively, in 2009. Differences in smoking rates between manual and non-manual workers increased from 1998 to 2005 but decreased from 2005 to 2009. Among female workers, the smoking rates decreased between 1998 and 2001 and increased beginning in 2001. The smoking rate of the manual workers group was still higher than that of the non-manual workers group. Anti-smoking programs specific to each occupational group are needed.

COMPASS Project: a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial by Community Pharmacists’ for Lifestyle Support for Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Japan

COMPASS Project: a Cluster Randomized Intervention Trial by Community Pharmacists’ for Lifestyle Support for Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Japan H. Okada, Y. Nakagawa, M. Onda, K. Fukuoka, N. Sakane, Department of Preventive Medicine, Clinical Research Institute for Endocrine and Metabolic disease, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan, Polon Company, Kobe, Japan, Clinical Laboratory of Pharmacy, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka, Japan, Nihon Chouzai Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

Trends in Presentations of Environmental and Policy Studies Related to Physical Activity, Nutrition, and Obesity at Society of Behavioral Medicine, 1995–2010: a Commentary to Accompany the Active Living Research Supplement to Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Active Living Research was funded by The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in 2001with a primarymission of building evidence on the role of environmental and policy factors in shaping physical activity, with the goal of contributing to new approaches to promoting physical activity that would have broad reach and sustainable effects [1]. The assumption was that little research was being done at that time on environmental and policy factors, because physical activity research was based on theories and models that emphasized psychological and social influences on behavior [e.g., 2–4], leading to interventions largely targeted to individuals and small groups. Active Living Research was explicitly based on ecological models that embody the concept of multiple levels of influence on behaviors, including built environments and policies. Though ecological models have a long history in psychology and health promotion, they had not been applied frequently in research [5, 6]. A defining principle of ecological models is that because behavior is influenced by intrapersonal (e.g., biological, psychological, and affective), interpersonal (e.g., social support and culture), built environment (e.g., access to resources), and policy (e.g., from government and industry) variables, interventions are likely to bemost effective when they change presumed mediators at all of these levels [7]. A key indicator that ecological models are being applied would be measurement or manipulation of policy and physical environment variables that are not specified by the more traditional “psychosocial” models [2–4]. During the 1990s, authors noted that ecological models were not being widely applied in health behavior research or interventions [8, 9], except for tobacco control [10]. Active Living Research is now part of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s commitment to reverse the rise in childhood obesity by 2015. Several ecological models have been developed since the early 2000s that are specific to obesity, nutrition, and physical activity [11–15], and these models are guiding major initiatives in obesity prevention in the USA [16–18] and internationally [11, 19]. There appears to be a consensus reached by authoritative groups that multilevel interventions emphasizing policy and environmental changes are required to control the global obesity epidemic. However, it is unclear as to the extent to which the evidence base to support environmental and policy interventions in obesity, nutrition, and physical activity is growing. An early indicator of scientific progress is presentations at scientific conferences. To explore recent trends in the application of ecological models to obesity-related topics, abstracts of papers presented at Society of Behavioral Medicine conferences over a 15-year period were systematically coded. Society of Behavioral Medicine is an appropriate scientific conference for such an analysis because it is a venue for leading behavioral research on obesity, physical activity, and nutrition. Four years of Society of Behavioral Medicine conference presentations were content analyzed to illustrate 15-year J. F. Sallis (*) : J. A. Carlson :A. M. Mignano Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 3900 Fifth Avenue, Suite 310, San Diego, CA 92103, USA e-mail: jsallis@ucsd.edu

Clarithromycin for community‐acquired pneumonia: beware drug interactions

Internal Medicine JournalVolume 42, Issue 10 p. 1165-1166 Letter to the Editor Clarithromycin for community-acquired pneumonia: beware drug interactions T. Bayles, T. Bayles Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorE. Tong, E. Tong Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorS. Choo, S. Choo Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. C. Cheng, A. C. Cheng Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author T. Bayles, T. Bayles Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorE. Tong, E. Tong Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorS. Choo, S. Choo Pharmacy Department, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this authorA. C. Cheng, A. C. Cheng Infectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 10 October 2012 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02880.xCitations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume42, Issue10October 2012Pages 1165-1166 RelatedInformation

Enhancing Cognitive Fitness in Adults: A Guide to the Use and Development of Community-Based Programsedited by Hartman-SteinPaula E. and LaRueAsenath; New York, Springer Publishing, 2011, 522 pages, $169

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article Book ReviewsFull AccessEnhancing Cognitive Fitness in Adults: A Guide to the Use and Development of Community-Based ProgramsJeffrey L. Geller, M.D., M.P.H., , and Jacqueline Kerr, Ph.D.Jeffrey L. GellerSearch for more papers by this author, M.D., M.P.H., Editor, and Jacqueline KerrSearch for more papers by this author, Ph.D.Published Online:1 Oct 2012https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.631004AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail edited by Hartman-SteinPaula E. and LaRueAsenath; New York, Springer Publishing, 2011, 522 pages, $169When I was asked to review this book, I had also received a request as director of a Successful Aging program to review the current research on “brain fitness” and present it to my program participants. My main area of research is physical activity of older adults, and in the past I have reviewed the literature on cognitive functioning and exercise. But I am a novice when it comes to other programs related to cognitive wellness. Thus my metric for judging the book was, could I read it (in my few spare moments before bedtime) and formulate a practical presentation for older adults in a retirement community?Given that I just delivered said presentation, my resounding answer is yes. Not only was the book easy to read (literally I read most of it as bedside reading), the information was extremely practical and enlightening. Admittedly, I followed up on many of the programs with online searches, but the book was a fantastic starting point.I felt engaged from the start as the editors shared personal stories of cognitive challenges in their families. The scope of the book was appropriate, covering multiple types of programs and always stating how much research had been conducted. Theoretical constructs, such as skill transfer, were clearly outlined, and practical tips for judging consumer brain fitness programs were provided. I learned about basic memory enhancement techniques, about aids that we should use because our memories can fail us at any age, and about activities that lead to social engagement and cognitive sweat. In particular, the chapter that described the Odyssey of the Mind program was helpful because it demonstrated how complex problem solving and the presentation of solutions involve multiple domains of thinking, memory, and reasoning.Practitioners will find this book useful because they can learn some simple tips to help aging patients who do or do not have memory problems. They will be able to recommend types of activities that a patient could try informally (playing improvisation games, for example) or through existing programs if they are available locally (such as Experience Corps and Early Memory Loss Clubs). Or if they desired, they could try to deliver a program in their practice. Many of the chapters include guidelines on how to set up and run sessions.One chapter suggests checking the National Institutes of Health Web site (consensus.nih.gov) for consensus statements on research conducted to date, which I did, and I concluded that the book echoes current understanding and future directions.Dr. Kerr is with the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego.The reviewer reports no competing interests. FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 63Issue 10 October 2012Pages e5-e5 Metrics The reviewer reports no competing interests.PDF download History Published online 1 October 2012 Published in print 1 October 2012

1451 Nutrient Adequacy of the Diets of Uae Infants and Toddlers

BackgroundCompared with other population subgroups, less is known about the dietary status of UAE infants and toddlers, especially how subgroups of different ages vary in their food consumption and nutrient...

The impact of medication reconciliation program at admission in an internal medicine department

BackgroundMedication reconciliation process has proved to be an effective tool to improve the safety of drug use. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an intervention aimed to decrease unintended discrepancies between patient's usual treatment and medications prescribed on admission to the Department of Internal Medicine. MethodsA quasi-experimental study was carried out from June 2009 to May 2010, analyzing discrepancies between home medication and drugs prescribed in a tertiary care hospital, before (first phase) and after (second phase) an electronic reconciliation tool was introduced at admission. This tool connected patients' usual medication with the electronic prescription program. The research team was made up of two hospital pharmacists, two nurses and three physicians from the Internal and Preventive Medicine Departments. ResultsDuring the two phases of the study, 162 patients were included with a total of 1,959 medicines reconciled. The incidence of unintended discrepancies decreased from 3.5% to 1.8% after the intervention (p value 0.03). The proportion of patients with at least one unintended discrepancy was 23.7% in the first phase and 14.6% in the second phase (p value 0.20). Omission was the most common unintended discrepancy. Asthmatic patients showed 6 times higher risk of being affected by an unintended discrepancy (OR 6.37, 95%CI 1.6–25.5; p value 0.009). ConclusionsImplementing a computerized tool integrated into the electronic prescribing program could be very helpful to develop a medication reconciliation process. It is essential to involve all hospital staff in this process.

First evidence of Cryptosporidium bovis in Romanian dairy calves

Department of Food Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Banat’s niversity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from imisoara, Romania Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Banat’s Univerity of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Timisoara, omania Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty f VeterinaryMedicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and eterinary Medicine from Timisoara, Romania

Uncertainty Over DAT Testing

Dr. Kimberly Lovett was frustrated. Her patient had tested positive on the fecal occult blood test used in colon cancer screening, and as a primarycare doctor in the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine at the University of California, San Diego, Lovett knew the next step in confirming the diagnosis was a colonoscopy. “But why can’t you order the blood test?” demanded her patient, determined to avoid colonoscopy at all costs. Lovett responded that such a test doesn’t exist, yet the patient was adamant that it did—he claimed to have seen it advertised by a Web-based company that sells blood biomarker analyses. After a tense conversation, Lovett’s patient was convinced that the ad had misled him, but he left bewildered, wondering why a company can claim it can diagnose colon cancer when it can’t. Many practicing physicians wonder the

A Proportional Public Health Response to Physical Inactivity

Active Living Research, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego. Correspondence: James F. Sallis, PhD, Active Living Research, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, 3900 Fifth Ave, Ste 310, San Diego, CA 92103 ([email protected]). This work was supported by Active Living Research, a national program of The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Disclosure: The author declares no conflicts of interest.

P-379

Department of environmental and occupational health, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel, Israel, [email protected] Department of epidemiology and Preventive medicine, 1, 2 Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel, Israel