Department Of Genetics Research Articles

Mainstream genetic testing for women with ovarian cancer provides a solid basis for patients to make a well-informed decision about genetic testing

BackgroundThere is a growing need for genetic testing of women with epithelial ovarian cancer. Mainstream genetic testing provides an alternative care pathway in which non-genetic healthcare professionals offer pre-test counseling themselves. We aimed to explore the impact of mainstream genetic testing on patients’ experiences, turnaround times and adherence of non-genetic healthcare professionals to the mainstream genetic testing protocol.MethodsPatients receiving pre-test counseling at the gynecology departments between April 2018 and April 2020 were eligible to participate in our intervention group. Patients receiving pre-test counseling at the genetics department between January 2017 and April 2020 were eligible to participate in our control group. We evaluated patients’ experiences with questionnaires, consisting of questions regarding knowledge, satisfaction and psychosocial outcomes. Patients in the intervention group were sent two questionnaires: one after pre-test counseling and one after receiving their DNA test result. Patients in our control group were sent one questionnaire after receiving their test result. In addition, we collected data regarding turnaround times and adherence of non-genetic healthcare professionals to the mainstream genetic testing protocol.ResultsParticipation was 79% in our intervention group (105 out of 133 patients) and 60% in our control group (91 out of 152 patients). Knowledge regarding genetics, decisional conflict, depression, anxiety, and distress were comparable in the two groups. In the intervention group, the risk of breast cancer in patients carrying a pathogenic germline variant was discussed less often (49% versus 74% in control group, p ≤ 0.05), and the mean score of regret about the decision to have genetic testing was higher than in the control group (mean 12.9 in the intervention group versus 9.7 in the control group, p ≤ 0.05), although below the clinically relevant threshold of 25. A consent form for the DNA test and a checklist to assess family history were present for ≥ 95% of patients in the intervention group.ConclusionMainstream genetic testing is an acceptable approach to meet the increase in genetic testing among women with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Estimation of Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Quantitative Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.): An Experimental Study

The Field Experimentation Centre conducted the current experiment using 22 genotypes of chickpea. Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding during Rabi 2021–2022 in Randomized block design with three replications. 13 quantitative variables were studied using the data, including analysis of variance, variability assessment, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient analysis, and path coefficient for traits related to yield and yield components. According to the findings of the analysis, there is enough variety among the chickpea germplasm included in the study for substantial deviations to be found for all the traits. For the character number of primary branches per plant, harvest index, and GCV, high estimations of both. Number of major branches, seeds per plant, and harvest index all showed high heritability’s along with genetic progress. At both genotypic and phenotypic levels, the characteristics harvest index and number of branches per plant demonstrated a positive significant correlation with seed yield per plant. The traits biological yield, harvest index, days to maturity, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and number of secondary branches all had a positive direct impact on seed production per plant.

Genetic Variability and Character Association for Grain Yield Components in Maize (Zea mays L.)

The present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic variability parameters, correlation and path analysis in twenty-one maize genotypes for sixteen quantitative traits Kharif seasons at Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Uttar Pradesh in Randomized Block Design replicated thrice. Analysis of variance for all sixteen quantitative characters revealed that treatment differences were highly significant under study at 1% level in Kharif season. The present investigation objective was oriented to calculate and estimate yield traits through analyzing the mean performance, variability, expected genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path analysis involving the yield attributing characters. Among 21 genotypes, BML-13 (109.67), MGW-376 (108.93) genotypes were found to be superior for grain yield per plant over the check (Shaktiman-5). GCV for all the characters were less than PCV, indicating the influence of environmental component on the expression of the character. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent mean in the present genotypes was recorded for traits plant height, ear height, grain rows per cob, cob weight, biological yield per plant, 100 grain weight, grain yield per plant. Path coefficient and Correlation analysis revealed that ear height, cob length, cob girth, grain rows per cob, grains per row, number of cobs per plant, cob weight and biological yield per plant had positive correlation and direct effects with grain yield per plant. Therefore, it is concluded that effective selection must be attempted for these traits which would help in improvement of grain yield in maize genotypes.

Pre-sowing Seed Treatments with Panchagavya, Jeevamrutha and Beejamrutha on Growth, Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Variety-RVG202

The field experiment entitled Pre-sowing seed treatments of Panchagavya, jeevamrutha and beejamrutha on growth, yield and yield attributing traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) variety- RVG 202 was conducted during Rabi 2021 at field experimental center, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHUATS, Prayagraj, (U.P). The trail was laid out in Randomized Block Design with Twelve treatments and control which were replicated thrice. The treatments are as follows, TO- Control, (T1, T2, T3, T4, - Panchagavya – 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%), (T5, T6, T7 and T8 – Jeevamrutha - 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%), (T9, T10, T11, T12 – Beejamrutha - 3%, 5%, 7% and 9%) respectively. The experiment results revealed that seeds treated with T8 – Jeevamrutham – 9% gave better than other treatments viz, Field emergence, days for 50% flowering and has matured earlier, Days to 50% pod setting, Plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant, biological yield per plot, Harvest index, Seed index, were significantly higher compared to the other treatments.

Encephalocele: Retrospective Analysis and Our Clinical Experience

Encephalocele is defined as extracranial herniation of the CSF, meninges, or cerebral tissue through a midline fusion defect in the cranium. The aim of this article is to present the clinical experience of the authors on encephalocele management. A total of 19 patients who underwent surgery for encephalocele in our hospital between 2015 and 2021 were included in the study. We reached 7 cases who were diagnosed with encephalocele and underwent pregnancy termination between 2018 and 2020 in our hospital. The patients' demographics, neurological examinations, procedure and anaesthesia data, and postoperative follow-up were all evaluated. 15 of 19 patients were female. 2 mothers used folic acid supplementation, but it was not effective. 7 patients were diagnosed prenatally, whereas the others were not followed up during pregnancy. 9 of the patients had parenchyma inside the sac, while the rest had none. 5 patients required shunts. All of the patients were followed up by the departments of neurosurgery, pediatrics, pediatric neurology, neonatal, pediatric gastroenterology, and genetics for their needs. It was demonstrated that folic acid supplementation before conception greatly reduces the incidence of encephalocele. It would be appropriate to inform the families of babies diagnosed with encephalocele in detail at prenatal follow-up about what problems they can expect in the future. Follow-up of encephalocele patients must be done with a multidisciplinary approach to ensure a quality life throughout their life.

Prevalence of RDB, RSa, Hinc and Xmn polymorphisms and HBBS11D haplotypes in patients with thalassemia minor

Background: Beta-thalassemia is one of the most common genetic diseases with autosomal recessive inherited patterns in the world and is one of the most common diseases in Iran that exists in all age and sex groups. Determining gene mutations in this disease can be effective in controlling and treating the disease. The present study determined the frequency of polymorphisms of Hinc, RSaI, RDB, and Xmn in patients with beta-thalassemia minor in Ardabil province. Methods: 53 beta-thalassemia patients referred to the genetic department of Imam Khomeini Hospital were studied. Blood samples were taken to determine the type of gene mutation. PCR samples were genetically evaluated to determine genetic mutations using RDB-Sequence-RFLP-Haplotype methods. Results: A total of 53 samples were examined, of which 56.6% were male and the rest were female. The most positive cases in the first and second ranks were related to XmnI and AvaII enzymes with 73.5% and 60.3%, respectively. The most common mutation extracted in the studied samples with 14 cases (26.4%) was IVS2.1. Among the most common mutations extracted by the RDB method was related to IVS 1.2 with 26.4%. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that the distribution of genetic mutations in the studied samples can be different from other places. Also, by performing targeted genetic counseling, it is possible to control and prevent the disease in the future.

Investigation on the Effects of Modifying Genes on the Spinal Muscular Atrophy Phenotype

Introduction Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder caused by the degeneration of motor neurons, muscle weakness, and atrophy that leads to infant's death. The duplication of exon 7/8 in the SMN2 gene reduces the clinical severity of disease, and it is defined as modifying effect. In this study, we aim to investigate the expression of modifying genes related to the prognosis of SMA like PLS3 , PFN2 , ZPR1 , CORO1C , GTF2H2 , NRN1 , SERF1A , NCALD , NAIP , and TIA1. Methods Seventeen patients, who came to Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Genetics Department, with a preliminary diagnosis of SMA disease, and eight healthy controls were included in this study after multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis. Gene expression levels were determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and delta–delta CT method by the isolation of RNA from peripheral blood of patients and controls. Results SERF1A and NAIP genes compared between A group and B + C + D groups, and A group of healthy controls, showed statistically significant differences ( p = 0.037, p = 0.001). Discussion PLS3, NAIP , and NRN1 gene expressions related to SMA disease have been reported before in the literature. In our study, the expression levels of SERF1A , GTF2H2 , NCALD , ZPR1 , TIA1 , PFN2 , and CORO1C genes have been studied for the first time in SMA patients.

Chromosomal Anomalies in Bone Marrow Samples of Patients Diagnosed with Hematological Cancer: FISH Results of 109 Cases from one Center

Objective: Hematological cancers are a group of neoplasms that affect the bone marrow, blood and lymph nodes, usually associated with structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities. Bone marrow examination in hematological cancers has an illuminating and guiding role in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. In our study, it was aimed to retrospectively evaluate the results obtained by using the Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) method of certain genetic disorders in patients with a diagnosis of hematological cancer. Materials & Methods: In our study, between January 1, 2021 and November 30, 2021 The results obtained from bone marrow samples of 109 patients (KML n=14, AML n=40, KLL n=6, ALL n=27, M.Myelom n=22) with pre-diagnosis of hematological cancer, who were referred to Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Department of Hematology and other clinics, were analyzed retrospectively in terms of age, gender, and disease distribution. All of the patients included in the study group were evaluated in terms of chromosomal anomalies, numerical and structural changes, or presence of balanced translocation. Results: There were 47 female patients and 62 male patients, and the mean age was 48±21.6 years. As a result of the examination of the cases, known for AML; t(15;17), monosomy 7 and trisomy 8, t(9;22) for KML; del(13q14) and del(17p13) for KLL, t(11;14)(q13;q32) for M. Myeloma, (t[9;22]) (bcr-abl) and t(4;11) for ALL structural and numerical chromosome changes such as shown first. In addition, in the comparison of the groups, no significant difference was found between the materials participating in the study, male and female. Conclusion: In this study, which we conducted with our patients who were prediagnosed with hematological cancer with the FISH method, we evaluated our results regarding the prognostically important anomalies associated with the diseases. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of diseases is very important in terms of treatment planning and prognosis of the course of the disease. As a result, considering the difficulty of obtaining cells from bone marrow taken under limited and difficult conditions according to our study results, it was concluded that the FISH method is a powerful and effective technique used in cancer genetics, since it provides the opportunity to work even in interphase cells.

Ploidy study of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) through PMC’s method

Determination of the ploidy level of plants is utmost important for identification of species, selection of suitable parental lines and also to identify the relationships between species to determine the evolutionary patterns. In chrysanthemum species, chromosomes often have different degrees of differentiation, both between and within species. Total 30 genotypes of Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) were used to study the cytology in the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping and Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PAU, Ludhiana during 2019 with the objective to find out the genetic variation among the diverse genotypes of chrysanthemum. The ploidy level of 30 chrysanthemum genotypes was studied through meiotic study of pollen mother cells and for this study of meiotic chromosomes, stage and timings of bud collection is very much important. A range of ploidy level was encountered in chromosomal study of selected chrysanthemum germplasm and ploidy level was 2n= 52–116. This study indicated that polyploidy variation was found in all varieties of chrysanthemum selected for study. The elucidation of ploidy level of various crops and species provides foundation for understanding their genetic background, therefore, the results of present study will be further helpful for germplasm conservation of chrysanthemum flower crop.

The multifaceted phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of type-IV-collagen-related nephropathy-A human genetics department experience.

Disease-causing variants in COL4A3-5 are associated with type-IV-collagen-related nephropathy, a genetically and phenotypically multifaceted disorder comprising Alport syndrome (AS) and thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) and autosomal, X-linked and a proposed digenic inheritance. Initial symptoms of individuals with AS are microscopic hematuria followed by proteinuria leading to kidney failure (90% on dialysis < age 40 years). In contrast, individuals with TBMN, an outdated histology-derived term, present with microscopic hematuria, only some of them develop kidney failure (>50 years of age). An early diagnosis of type-IV-collagen-related nephropathy is essential for optimized therapy and slowing of the disease. Sixty index cases, in whom exome sequencing had been performed and with disease-causing variant(s) in COL4A3-5, were evaluated concerning their clinical tentative diagnosis and their genotype. Of 60 reevaluated individuals with type-IV-collagen-related nephropathy, 72% had AS, 23% TBMN and 5% focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) as clinical tentative diagnosis. The FSGS cases had to be re-classified as having type-IV-collagen-related nephropathy. Twelve percent of cases had AS as clinical tentative diagnosis and a monoallelic disease-causing variant in COL4A3/4 but could not be classified as autosomal dominant AS because of limited or conflicting clinical data. This study illustrates the complex clinical and genetic picture of individuals with a type IV-collagen-related nephropathy indicating the need of a refined nomenclature and the more interdisciplinary teamwork of clinicians and geneticists as the key to optimized patient care.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia in Danish patients with pathogenic variants in SMAD4: a nationwide study

Background and aimsHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant condition characterised by recurrent epistaxis, telangiectatic lesions in the skin and mucosal membranes, and arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in various organs....

Heritability and Character Association among Yield Component Characters and Grain Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Morphological characterization of 31 rice breeding lines using 13 agronomic traits was done in field experiment in a Randomized Block Design in the Research farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P. The goals were to determine the extent of variability among rice lines, the relationship between yield and other traits in order to identify a few traits that could serve as good yield components to improve rice yield, and the heritability of the traits in order to effectively utilise rice lines for breeding purposes. The combined data's correlation coefficient and broad-sense heritability estimations for the 13 features linked to grain yield revealed highly substantial genetic variation (p&lt;0.0001) among the genotypes. Of all the characters evaluated, only harvest index had the highest and significant correlation with grain yield (r=0.660).

Studies of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance in Yield Component Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

Twenty diverse genotypes of chickpea including three checks viz., GNG 158, GNG 1488, PNG 469- checks, were carried out under Agriculture Research farm, Department of Genetics of Plant Breeding, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara (Punjab). This experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications, during rabi 2021-2022. To estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance percent of the mean. analysis of variance for the design of experiments has been present for all the twelve traits The analysis of variance estimation demonstrated that the mean sum of squares attributed to genotypes were significant for all of the characters, suggesting that there was enough genetic diversity among the genotypes. The current study found that the Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation (PCV) was greater than the corresponding Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) for all traits, which could be attributed to genotype-environment interaction to some degree or another, explaining environmental factors influencing the expression of these characters. In the present study, moderate PCV, GCV were observed in No. of secondary branches per plant, 100 seed weight, No. of primary branches per plant, Harvest index, biological yield per plant, No. of pods per plant, Plant height and Seed yield per plant. Low value of PCV and GCV were recorded in No. of seeds per pod, protein content, Days to maturity and Days to 50% flowering, shows the magnitude of PCV and GCV were low and indicating limited scope for improvement. The genotypic correlation coefficient was higher in magnitude than their corresponding phenotypic one, indicating there by strong inherent association between different traits studied. The phenotypic expression of correlation was less due to multiple influences of environmental components in the view of correspondence selection on phenotypic basis would be effective.

Optimizing the Personalized Care for the Management of Rectal Cancer: A Consensus Statement.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Turkey. The current guidelines do not provide sufficient information to cover all aspects of the management of rectal cancer. Although treatment has been standardized in terms of the basic principles of neoadjuvant, surgical, and adjuvant therapy, uncertainties in the management of rectal cancer may lead to significant differences in clinical practice. In order to clarify these uncertainties, a consensus program was constructed with the participation of the physicians from the Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar and Koç Universities. This program included the physicians from the departments of general surgery, gastroenterology, pathology, radiology, nuclear medicine, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and medical genetics. The gray zones in the management of rectal cancer were determined by reviewing the evidence-based data and current guidelines before the meeting. Topics to be discussed consisted of diagnosis, staging, surgical treatment for the primary disease, use of neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment, management of recurrent disease, screening, follow-up, and genetic counseling. All those topics were discussed under supervision of a presenter and a chair with active participation of related physicians. The consensus text was structured by centralizing the decisions based on the existing data.

Assessment of Genetic Variability Parameters and Character Association in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

School of Agriculture, ITM University in Gwalior's Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding performed a Rabi season 2021–2022 study on 15 distinct genotypes of chickpeas to better understand their genetic variability. The genotypes were distributed using a Randomized Block Design with three replications. On the plants themselves, data was gathered on their overall height, the number of main and secondary branches they had at 50% flowering, the number of pods and seeds they had at 100 seeds weight, days to maturity, as well as their grain yields per plant and the total yield per plot. After analyzing the data, A statistical study of each character's genotypes revealed a wide range of results. Plant height, number of main and secondary branches, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of pods per plant, and 100 seed weight provided the highest GCV and PCV values in the experiment. All of these traits, as well as plant height, secondary branch count, days until 50% of the flowers open, pod count per plant, grain production per plant, and total yield per plot, demonstrated significant heritability and genetic advancement as a percentage of the mean. Traits such as plant height, no of seeds per pod, and total yield per plot, exhibited a significant positive correlation with grain yield per plant and this will show a greater direct effect on single yield plant.

Multivariate and Association Analyses of Quantitative Attributes Reveal Drought Tolerance Potential of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

ABSTRACT Drought is a major abiotic stress that limits wheat productivity around the globe. Therefore, a two-year (2019 and 2020) study was conducted in the experimental area of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture & Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan to estimate the association of quantitative attributes under normal and drought stress conditions. Twenty-five wheat genotypes from different research institutes of Pakistan were selected. Experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) under field conditions with three replicates each. Two irrigation treatments were used, i.e., E1 with full irrigation and E2 with irrigation withheld at tillering and anthesis stages according to Zadoks growth stage scale. Significant differences were observed in studied wheat genotypes under both conditions for all the traits. Correlation analysis revealed highest positive association (r = 0.924**) between grain yield and flag leaf area followed by thousand grain weight (r = 0.754**) under normal conditions while biological yield was highly correlated with grain yield (r = 0.890**) under drought stress. PCA showed that out of the 12 PCs, only four were significant having eigenvalues >1; accounting for 83.33% and 79.12% of the total variation under normal and drought stress conditions, respectively. Furthermore cluster heat map divided the genotypes into four clusters and revealed that the most tolerant genotypes (Barani-17, Chakwal-50 and Johar-2016) were fallen into cluster 2 depicting their genetic relatedness. Based on tolerance indices, genotypes G11 (Barani-17), G12 (Ehsan-16), and G13 (Dharabi-11) were drought tolerant and G4 (Benazir-13), G20 (Punjab-2011) were drought-sensitive.

Assessing Genetic Variability, Correlation, Direct and Indirect Effects of Yield Contributing Characters on Seed Yield in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn)

A field experiment was conducted aiming to study the Assessing genetic variability, correlation, direct and indirect effects of yield contributing characters on seed yield in 20 Finger millet lines in kharif season 2021 in Randomized Block Design (RBD) at Field Experimentation Station, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding. Phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found highest in ear head length (25.37&amp; 21.16) and lowest in plant height (3.49 &amp; 1.76), heritability (%) in broad sense for 13 characters were range from (25.30%) to (78.70%). A perusal of genetic advance revealed that it was high for ear head length (40.43) and low for number of fingers (0.45). Phenotypic correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield/plant showed highly significant and positive association with seed yield/plant (0.930) and plant height (0.769) and for genotypic correlation coefficient showed significant and positive association with harvest index (0.930) and plant height (0.769). The phenotypic path analysis showed positive and direct effects on grain yield was exhibited by biological yield and for genotypic path analysis positive and direct effects on grain yield was exhibited by plant height and biological yield.

Influence of wheat-rye translocations on yield and productivity elements of soft winter wheat in southern Ukraine

Topicality. The level of genetic yield potential and adaptive properties of modern bread winter wheat varieties at this stage of breeding development is at a fairly high level. So breeding, improve-ment of bread winter wheat is becoming increasingly difficult. For this purpose, the creation and identification of new genetic sources of valuable traits and creation of genetic diversity, evaluation and selection of desired genotypes is extremely relevant. Issues. Introduction of alien translocations into the gene pool of bread winter wheat can serve as one of such sources of new original genetic material. However, the effects of these translocations are manifested to varying degrees depending on the genetic environment of hybrids and agroclimatic conditions of genotype selection. Aim. To compare the changes in the yield of recombinant lines and plant productivity elements based on their drought and heat tolerance depending on their genetic effects of wheat-rye translocations (WRT) 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS. To determine the use effectiveness of each WRT in order to create more perfect varieties of bread winter wheat under the conditions of soil-air drought in the Steppe zone of Ukraine. Materials and Methods. In 2010-2020, field trials were carried out on the Institute’s fields on the by black fallow as the annual predecessor with the optimal agricultural background for breeding work. During the analysis of experimental data, all changes in meteorological conditions over the years of research were taken into account. In general, weather conditions were arid, which is typical for the Steppe zone. The studies of 112 lines (9.2 %) were carried out in the Department of Genetic Basis of Breeding of the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute at the National Center of Seeds and Cultivar In-vestigation led by A. I. Rybalka, the rest 1093 lines (90.8 %) were studied in the Institute of Plant Pro-tection NAAS led by N. A. Kozub and I. O. Sozinov. The material of competitive variety trials was tested on the presence of translocations and their state by DNA markers in the Department of General and Molecular Genetics of the the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute at the National Center of Seeds and Cultivar Investigation led by V. I. Fait. Mathematical processing and analysis of the study results were performed using the methods of B. A. Dospekhov and P. F. Rokitskyi, and with Microsoft Excel 2007. Results. It was established that genetic effects of the most widespread in the world breeding practice wheat-rye translocations 1АL.1RS and 1ВL.1RS are considerably modified by features of their interaction in genetic environment and depending on agroclimatic conditions of growing introgressive genotypes. The positive effect of 1AL.1RS on the yield, total and productive tillering, and head productivity elements was significantly revealed due to simultaneous positive effect of translocation on drought and heat tolerance of plants. As a result of complete breeding cycle, a series of bread winter wheat varieties was developed on the material of 1AL.1RS, such as Zhytnytsia Odeska, Oktava Odeska, Liha Odeska, Duma Odeska, Versiia Odeska, which provided 10–15 % increase in yield to standards according to the station and state variety testing. These varieties are listed in the State Register of Ukraine and Moldova. Conclusions. The use of WRT 1AL.1RS is perspective for further bread winter wheat breeding, and in the the Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute at the National Center of Seeds and Cultivar Inves-tigation as one of the next stages of improvement of bread winter wheat varieties for arid conditions of the South of Ukraine. The use of 1ВL.1RS in wheat breeding in the region is less promising method, but does not exclude the possibility of obtaining a positive result in a favorable combination with highly adapted local varieties. Keywords: bread winter wheat, recombinant lines, yield, wheat-rye translocations 1AL.1RS and 1BL.1RS.

Trait Association Studies in Early Segregating Generations of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

Background: Cowpea is a major pulse crop in India. Developing cowpea cultivars with high yield and sustainable protein content contributes to food and nutritional security. Hybridization followed by careful selection of genotypes from the early segregating populations may produce a final cultivar with high yield coupled with high protein content. Methods: The genetic material used in the present investigation were derived from crosses of three cultivars i.e., H10 (Anaswara x PKB 3) and H11 (Anaswara x PKB 4). The crosses were evaluated in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur during cowpea season 2015-2017. Trait association based on correlation and path analysis was carried out with phenotypic data from F2 and F3 generations of the crosses. Result: In F2 generation of cross H10, number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod displayed significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant. In F3 generation of cross H10, number of pods per plant and 100-seed weight per plant exhibited significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant. In cross H11, number of pods, pod length, single pod weight, number of seeds per pod and 100-seed weight revealed significant1 positive correlation with yield in segregating generations. On path analysis, various quantitative characters showed positive direct effects on seed yield. Selection of segregants based on the yield contributing characters is likely to be desirable for yield improvement in cowpea.

Variability, Correlation and Path Analysis for Grain Yield Characters of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes

The present investigation with thirty-four accessions of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes (26 Advanced breeding lines (ABL’s),7 Dhan varieties and one check) were investigated to study variability, correlation and path analysis for yield contributing characters carried out at the Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj during Kharif-2021 in Randomized Block Design with three replications. NDR 359 rice variety was used as the check. The data was recorded for 13 quantitative traits viz Days to 50% flowering, Plant height (cm), Flag leaf length (cm), Flag leaf width (cm), Number of total tillers per hill, Number of panicles per hill, Panicle length (cm), Number of spikelets per panicle, Days to maturity, Biological index, Harvest index (%), Test weight (g), Grain yield per hill (g) using agro-morphological traits. The mean sum of squares due to genotypes was highly significant for all the quantitative characters in ANOVA. The characters with high range estimates of GCV and PCV (Grain yield per hill), heritability (days to maturity) and genetic advance as percent mean (number of spikelets per panicle,) should be given top priority during selection. For character association, grain yield per hill showed positive significance with flag leaf length, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield, harvest index, number of tillers per hill, biological yield because it help in determining the nature and extent of the relationship existing between the yield and its contributing components and their association.Path analysis further proved about the direct and indirect effect of characters on grain yield. Days to 50% flowering, flag leaf width, number of panicles per hill, biological yield, harvest index showed positive direct effect at both genotypic and phenotypic level indicating their importance in breeding programme. So direct selection of the above characters will be rewarding.