DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is a form of forensic evidence trusted by law enforcement and recognized by international courts around the world. This abstract provides an introduction to the utility of botanical DNA taggants to provide supply chain security for electronic components and to protect against counterfeiting and diversion. A detailed treatment of the science behind Applied DNA Sciences’ (APDN’s) botanical DNA technology, its applications to semiconductors and microchips and an overview of DNA analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Cell Electrophoresis (CE) analysis is provided. In addition, we draw an outline of a marking and authentication program as it might be implemented in a microchip supply chain environment, as an indicator of its efficacy against current known counterfeiting strategies.