Implant Dentistry Research Articles

Marijuana - Clinical Concerns for Implant Dentistry - Part 1.

Recently published surveys data show that the routine prescription of preventive antibiotics (PA) in the prosthetic phase of dental implants is more common than might be expected. The present study aimed to answer the PICO question " In healthy patients starting the implant prosthetic phase, does the prescription of PA compared to not prescribing PA decrease the incidence of infectious complications? " by a systematic literature review. A search was performed in 5 databases. The criteria employed were those described in the PRISMA® Declaration. Studies included were those that provided information on the need to prescribe PA in the prosthetic phase of implants, i.e., in second-stage surgeries, impression-taking and prosthesis placement. The electronic search identified three studies that met the established criteria. The prescription of PA in the prosthetic phase of implants does not show a justified benefit/risk ratio. PA may be indicated in the second stages or in peri-implant plastic surgery procedures lasting more than two hours and/or where soft tissue grafts are used extensively. In these cases, given the current lack of evidence, it is recommended to prescribe 2 g of amoxicillin 1 h before surgery and, in allergic patients, to prescribe 500 mg of azithromycin 1 h preoperatively.

The Reporting Quality of Split-Mouth Studies in Implant Dentistry: A Survey.

The results of trials can inform health care decisions. However, this is dependent on both clear and transparent reporting. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of split-mouth trials in implant dentistry in relation to the CONSORT extension checklist for reporting within-person randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Split-mouth trials published between January 1, 1997, and September 30, 2020, were identified from four databases. Study characteristics at the level of each trial were extracted. Each trial was assessed against a 37-item checklist and assigned one of four categories. Descriptive statistics and the frequencies of the ratings per checklist item were calculated. A percentage score was calculated per study. Linear regression assessed associations between the aggregate score and the study characteristics. Two hundred forty-four trials were analyzed. More than 50% of the RCTs were published between 2016 and 2020, were published in specialty journals (81.2%), and were interventional-type RCTs (98.4%). Generally, the reporting of checklist items was suboptimal in many areas. The reporting score was predicated by the number of authors (> 7 vs baseline [1 to 4] authors: β: 6.00; 1.48, 10.52; P = .01), authors' continent (Europe vs Americas: β: 5.30; 0.85, 9.74; P = .02), and the number of participants (per-unit increase: β: .07; 0.01, 0.12; P = .02). The reporting of split-mouth trials in implant dentistry seems to be suboptimal. The endorsement and adherence to the CONSORT extension for the within-person trials checklist by journal editors and investigators could improve reporting quality and transparency.

Zygomatic implant: major considerations in the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: The dissemination of COVID-19 has presented significant challenges for dentistry. In this context, dental care during the pandemic is challenging due to the high risk of infection. In this scenario of infections and the COVID-19 pandemic, there are huge concerns in dental implant procedures, especially zygomatic implants (ZI), which need to be performed for several reasons, mainly to improve the quality of life of patients. Objective: The present study performed a brief systematic review of zygomatic implantation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, to highlight the main challenges and guideline-based safety strategies. Methods: The research was carried out from May 2021 to June 2021 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, following the Systematic Review-PRISMA rules. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: European guidelines and expert opinion showed on the control and prevention of infections in dentistry during the pandemic. As the guidelines were not based on solid evidence, they were supplemented by expert opinion on the control and prevention of infections in dentistry. The type of personal protective equipment provided by the dental team must be appropriate for the procedure and the risk of infection. the American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) points to the issues listed as “What constitutes a dental implant-related emergency?; How should patients be screened and screened?; What personal protective equipment is needed?; How should operators be equipped?; What equipment should be used?; What, when, and how can procedures be performed?” Conclusion: In this current context of general care with dental procedures, especially with ZI, clinical studies show how these safety measures against COVID-19 are important, as ZI involves important surgical management.

Socket shielding concept in implant Placement: A neoteric approach

Implant dentistry has been a promising branch offering functional and esthetic replacement of missing tooth or teeth. Post extraction soft and hard tissue loss has a negative impact on implant positioning and its overall esthetic outcomes especially when it comes to esthetic zones such as maxillary anterior teeth. Inorder to combat these effects arising from extraction, socket shield technique has been introduced. The technique involves retention of buccal fragment of root and careful removal of palatal half of root followed by immediate implant placement. Several approaches have been described in the literature to preserve the ridge like the hard and soft tissue augmentation with GBR, bone substitutes but socket shield technique proves to be cost effective and minimally invasive. The principal, classification, surgical aspects, indications and contraindications, modification of socket shield technique shall be discussed in this review article.

Allergic reactions to bioimplants

Bioimplants are used in avariety of ways in otorhinolaryngology, most commonly in facial reconstructive surgery, cochlear implants (CI), bone-anchored hearing aids, and partial/total ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP/TORP), but also for tympanic drainage, laryngeal cannula, voice prostheses after laryngectomy, etc., and in otorhinolaryngology-related procedures as dental implants in dentistry. Aliterature search was performed to analyze the immunology of allergic reactions to bioimplants and to determine the available evidence by searching Medline, PubMed, and national and international study and guideline registries and the Cochrane Library. Human studies published in the period up to and including 12/2021 were considered. Based on the international literature and previous experience, areview of allergies to bioimplants in otolaryngology is presented. Otorhinolaryngologists should always consider the possibility of allergic reactions when inserting allogeneic materials, particularly, but not only, when using bioimplants.

Implant dentistry tips for primary care

Implant dentistry tips for primary care

Implant Dentistry from One-Way Direction to the Reversibility of the Osseointegration.

Implant Dentistry from One-Way Direction to the Reversibility of the Osseointegration.

A bibliometric analysis of the studies on dental implant failure.

To identify top 30 studies related to dental implant failures based on bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric study was conducted at Aga Khan University, Karachi from April 2021 to June 2021 and comprised database search on Google Scholar used key words "dental implant failures" for studies published between 1990 and 2020. The selected studies were reviewed based on citation count for which the cut-off date was June 1, 2021. The top 30 papers on dental implant failures had median citation count of 153 (range: 41-1583. Most of the studies were retrospective 11(36.7%), followed by literature reviews 6(20%). The top three contributing journals were the 'International Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Implants' 6(20%), the 'Clinical Oral Implants Research' 5(16.7%) and 'Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research' 3(10%). Goteborg University, Sweden, contributed the maximum number of most cited papers 8(26.7%). Most of the papers in the top-cited on dental implant failures were retrospective studies, and there was only one clinical trial.

The Application of Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate in Implant Dentistry: A Systematic Evaluation of Clinical Studies.

The demand for synthetic graft materials in implant dentistry is rising. This systematic review aims to evaluate the survival rate of dental implants placed simultaneously with bone regeneration procedures using the material β-tricalcium phosphate, one of the most promising synthetic graft materials. The electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scielo, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Five randomized clinical trials, one non-randomized controlled clinical trial and four observational studies without control group were include. Implant survival rate and other clinical, radiographic, and histological parameters did not differ from those of implants placed simultaneously with another type of graft material, or placed in blood clots or natural alveolar ridges. Based on the available literature, β-tricalcium phosphate seems to be a promising graft material in implant dentistry. Nevertheless, more randomized clinical trials, with long follow-up periods, preoperative and postoperative CBCT, and histological analysis, are necessary to assess its long-term behavior.

Association between industry support and the reporting of study outcomes in randomized clinical trials of dental implant research from the past 20 years.

Industry support is a significant funding source in implant dentistry research, not only to provide regulatory processes, but also to validate and promote products through randomized clinical trials (RCTs). However, industry funding should not affect scientific outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between industry support for RCTs in implant dentistry and a greater chance of the reporting of positive outcomes, and whether there are other funding tendencies. Randomized clinical trials from five implant dentistry journals were reviewed. Data were extracted, and descriptive and inferential statistical analyses (α=0.05), including bivariate and multivariable logistic regression, and Spearman's correlation were performed. Two hundred eleven RCTs were included. Industry-funded and -unfunded studies presented similar outcomes, in terms of positive and negative results (p ≥ 0.05). North American and European countries received more industry funding, as did high-income countries, which showed well-established collaboration with each other. Clinical Oral Implants Research and Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research published 83.6% of industry-funded articles. Industry-funded studies from middle-income countries established more international collaborations with high-income countries than did unfunded studies. Citation numbers were similar for funded and unfunded studies. The chance of RCTs being industry-funded was higher for high-income (odds ratio [OR]=3.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-9.32; p=0.05) and North American articles (OR=3.40; 95% CI, 1.37-8.42; p=0.008) than in lower-middle-income and other continents, respectively. Higher industry funding was associated with specific topics such as "surgical procedures," "prosthodontics topics," and "implant macrodesign" (OR=4.7; 95% CI, 1.45-15.20; p=0.010) and with the increase in numbers of institutions (OR=1.52; 95% CI, 1.16-2.0; p=0.002). The available evidence suggests no association between industry funding and greater chances of the reporting of positive outcomes in implant dentistry RCTs. A strong association was identified in industry trends concerning geographic origins, higher numbers of institutions, and specific research topics.

Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Implant Dentistry Settings

In 2019, Wuhan city of China announced the epidemic of COVID-19 as a public health disaster which has been recognized as an uncommon type of single stranded RNA virus belonging to Coronaviridae family and then quickly spread all over the world. Clinically symptomatic patients are identified as the primary source of COVID-19 transmission. Most of dental procedures require the use of high-speed handpieces which leads to aerosol generation. Implant dentistry is the field of dentistry which deals with prosthetic rehabilitation with minimal aerosol generation ensuring an aseptic surgical environment. There are several decisive recommendations regarding COVID-19 precautions that should be appreciated in implant dentistry. Sharp drills in slow speed drilling machines are preferred during surgery. Regular irrigation with high volume suction is greatly encouraged. Osteotomes are encouraged over ultrasonic devices to minimize the generation of aerosols during surgical procedures. Immediate implants placement is more preferred as the number of visits to the dentists is reduced. Impression techniques should be shifted to the digital approach instead of conventional methods. Full mouth rehabilitation cases requiring complex procedures should be accomplished restrictedly.

Treatment modalities for peri-implantitis: A review of literature

Introduction: Implant Dentistry was created to show reliable treatment approaches for restoring the oral cavity’s esthetic and function. However, while dental implants have a high long-term success rate, dental implants are exposed to mechanical or biological complications. Objective: The therapeutic approaches will be addressed in this review, which is the main objective of this study. Materials and Methods: Data sources: The PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases were used to conduct the literature search from June to September 2021. Study selection: Non-surgical and surgical peri-implantitis treatment modalities are the main themes of this study. Result: Implant dentistry was created to show reliable treatment approaches for restoring the oral cavity’s esthetic and function. However, while dental implants have a high long-term success rate, dental implants are exposed to mechanical or biological complications. Conclusion: Peri-implantitis appears to be a multifactorial disease including the patient’s host/microbe response, implant characteristics, soft tissue and the hard conditions surrounding the implant, and the dentist’s surgical and prosthetic part experience. Different treatment modalities are present today, all are used to treat peri-implantitis, such as surgery, laser therapy, and innovative treatments such as cold atmospheric pressure air plasma jet (CAPAJ), enamel matrix derivative, and PRF gel.

Can the Photobiomodulation Improve Osseointegration? A Literature Review

This study discussed the characteristics of photobiomodulation modalities using low-level laser and light-emitting diodes and their therapeutic effects on post-implant osseointegration, through an integrative literature review. The methodology consists of a guided search in Portuguese and English from 2001 to 2020 through texts in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scielo databases. Results: The technique of osseointegrated implants within implantology has made great advances possible by favoring the restoration of dental function and aesthetics in total and partial edentulous individuals. This type of implant is successful when the phenomenon of osseointegration occurs, a complex process that depends on several local and systemic circumstances for stability and durability of the implant. In this sense, the use of photobiomodulation in Implant Dentistry can promote speed in the osseointegration process and, consequently, establish better conditions in the postoperative period. Final Considerations: Although several authors present satisfactory results in both photobiomodulation modalities, mainly acceleration of the initial phases of osseointegration, more research in this area should be carried out so that this relationship is better clarified.

Aesthetic Complications in Implant Dentistry

Aesthetic Complications in Implant Dentistry

Development of Evidence-based Difficulty Assessment Tool in Implant Dentistry

Development of Evidence-based Difficulty Assessment Tool in Implant Dentistry

Successful Implant Placement into a Site with Two Previous Failures: A Clinical and Histologic Case Report.

Implants present a predictable fixed option for patients who require tooth extraction. However, complications such as implant failure reduce the success of replacement implant restorations. A patient presented to the Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry (New York University College of Dentistry) with pain related to a broken implant-supported prosthesis. Two failed implants were removed, and new implants were placed. After restoration delivery, the patient reported soreness on the implant at site 35 (FDI tooth-numbering system), which was then removed (along with a sequestrum of bone) and sent for biopsy. A new implant was placed and restored successfully at the 1-year follow-up. The purpose of this case report is to demonstrate that with proper planning, surgery, and restoration, a new implant can be successfully placed and restored on a site with two previous failures. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2023;43:167-172. doi: 10.11607/prd.5410.

Ludwig’s Angina- a Forgotten Crisis in the Field of Dentistry?

This study discussed the characteristics of photobiomodulation modalities using low-level laser and light-emitting diodes and their therapeutic effects on post-implant osseointegration, through an integrative literature review. The methodology consists of a guided search in Portuguese and English from 2001 to 2020 through texts in Google Scholar, PubMed and Scielo databases. Results: The technique of osseointegrated implants within implantology has made great advances possible by favoring the restoration of dental function and aesthetics in total and partial edentulous individuals. This type of implant is successful when the phenomenon of osseointegration occurs, a complex process that depends on several local and systemic circumstances for stability and durability of the implant. In this sense, the use of photobiomodulation in Implant Dentistry can promote speed in the osseointegration process and, consequently, establish better conditions in the postoperative period. Final Considerations: Although several authors present satisfactory results in both photobiomodulation modalities, mainly acceleration of the initial phases of osseointegration, more research in this area should be carried out so that this relationship is better clarified.

Lessons for Implant Dentistry to Be Learned from Periodontology

Lessons for Implant Dentistry to Be Learned from Periodontology

Major considerations of dental care in COVID-19: an evidence-based on clinical studies and guidelines

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has presented enormous challenges for dentists and patients. The risk of nosocomial transmission is a reality that requires the development of guidelines by the dental community to reduce the chances of infection by the new coronavirus. In this sense, it was necessary to implement alternative prophylactic techniques such as the adoption of oral rinses before dental care. Objective: To present the main considerations of clinical studies on dental care at COVID-19. Methods: The research was carried out from May 2021 to June 2021 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, following the Systematic Review-PRISMA rules. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: One study showed that 0.2% chlorhexidine and 1% povidone-iodine oral solutions are effective pre-procedural mouthwashes against salivary SARS-CoV-2 in dental treatments. It was observed in another study that the effect of reducing the salivary load with mouthwash with CPC and PI was maintained after 6 hours. PVP-I nasal and oral antiseptic solutions are effective in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 at a range of concentrations after exposure times of 60 seconds. There is sufficient in vitro evidence to support the use of antiseptics to potentially reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2. The effects against the new coronavirus in vivo still need more randomized clinical trials to prove its effectiveness. Conclusion: ACE2 receptors are highly expressed in the oral cavity, therefore, this could be a potential high-risk route for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The virus can be detected in saliva even before the appearance of symptoms of COVID-19. In this regard, randomized clinical studies have shown that some pre-procedure oral mouthwashes are effective against salivary SARS-CoV-2 in dental treatments. In addition, the American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) reported on how COVID-19 impacts dental care through guidelines for general dentistry.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Dental Implants among Dental Post Graduates and Practitioners in Wardha District, Maharashtra: A Cross Sectional Study

Background: Implant dentistry has become an important aspect of the treatment for patients who are partially or completely edentulous. Dental implants are a proven therapeutic option for replacing missing teeth, with positive long-term health outcomes. Dental implant performance is largely determined by the implant’s primary durability, which is affected by surgical procedure, bone quality and quantity, implant surface characteristics, implant geometry, and implant surface characteristics. Despite the advancements achieved in implant dentistry since its beginning, there exist several limitations in scientifically grounded information and proven clinical experience among dental professionals and postgraduates. A study was conducted to assess and compare the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental implants among dental postgraduate students and dental practitioners (General and institutional in Wardha district, Maharashtra and to identify the variations in their knowledge, attitude and practice with respect to dentist's factors (years of experience, implant training and their specialization). As a result, the actual picture was examined.
 Objective:
 
 To assess the knowledge of dental implants among dental postgraduate students and dental practitioners
 To assess the attitude of dental implants among dental postgraduate students and dental practitioners.
 To assess the practice of dental implants among dental postgraduate students and dental practitioners.
 
 Methodology: An online cross-sectional questionnaire survey will be done to examine responses to 20 selected questions pertaining knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental implants among dental postgraduates and practitioners in the Wardha district. The aspect of the results that will be examined. The questionnaire will be delivered to dental postgraduates and practitioners, and their replies, as well as the questionnaire's validation, will be recorded. In the cross-sectional study, a suitable sampling strategy was used based on the replies received following the survey. The results will be determined based on Knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental implants.
 Survey Procedure: questions will be asked by online platform to dental health professionals with explanation of purpose of the study. The questions will be both open and close end type.
 Expected Results: The expected result of the study will determine: Knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental implants among dental post graduates and practitioners in wardha district
 Conclusion: Today is an era of evidence based dentistry. However, there is a substantial difference between the popularity of dental implants and the research that supports them. This research is an attempt to minimize that difference. Because this study will be done in an area where dentistry is in the air, with two large teaching dental hospitals and a large mass of dentists, it gives us a thorough realistic picture of where knowledge and practise of dental implants have reached in our field. As a result, the purpose of this study is to assess the need for a change in attitude and practise toward dental implants, as well as their evidence-based research on the subject.