Dentin-bonding Agents Research Articles

Prevention of coronal discoloration induced by regenerative endodontic treatment in an ex vivo model.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of sealing the pulp chamber walls with a dentin-bonding agent (DBA) on prevention of discoloration induced by regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in an ex vivo model. Ninety-six bovine incisors were prepared and randomly divided into two groups. In one group, the pulp chamber walls were sealed with DBA before placement of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) containing minocycline inside the root canals, but in the other group, DBA was not applied. After 4weeks, the root canals were filled with human blood and each group was then randomly divided into four subgroups (n=12) according to the endodontic cements placed over the blood clot (ProRoot MTA, OrthoMTA, RetroMTA, or Biodentine). The color changes (∆E) were measured at different steps. The data were analyzed using t test and two-way ANOVA. The specimens in which dentinal walls of pulp chamber were sealed with DBA showed significantly less coronal discoloration at each step of regenerative treatment (p<0.001). However, application of DBA did not completely prevent the clinically perceptible coronal color change. Sealing the blood clot with different endodontic cements did not result in significant difference in coronal discoloration (p>0.05). Sealing the pulp chamber walls before insertion of TAP decreased coronal discoloration following REP using different endodontic cements but did not prevent it. Discoloration of teeth undergoing REPs is an unfavorable outcome. Considering the significant contribution of TAP containing minocycline to the coronal tooth discoloration even after sealing the pulp chamber walls, the revision of current guidelines in relation to the use of TAP with minocycline might need to be revised.

Contemporary strategies and materials to protect the dental pulp

Abstract: After cavity preparation, the aim of the restorative dentist is to protect the dental pulp. In the past this was done using cements, but without any understanding of the role of micro-organisms. In contemporary practice, lining materials and dentine-bonding agents are placed with the intention of sealing the dentinal tubules, so preventing microleakage. In cases where potential exposure of the pulp has occurred, bioactive and biocompatible materials may be selected with the intention of facilitating pulpal healing. This paper reviews the historical thinking and compares this with the materials used commonly these days as a result of this greater understanding. CPD/Clinical Relevance: The clinician should aim to preserve the health of the dental pulp by using a material to create an environment to facilitate healing and provide protection against the ingress of oral micro-organisms.

What’s New in Dentine Bonding?: Universal Adhesives.

The ability to bond restorations to dentine successfully is central to minimally invasive restorative dentistry. While dentine-bonding agents have gone through a variety of ‘generations’, it is the purpose of this paper to describe the latest dentine-bonding agents, the Universal Bonding Agents. These materials may be considered ‘Universal’ insofar as they may be considered to be capable of being used for direct and indirect dentistry, as well as being suitable for use in whichever etching modality the clinician considers appropriate, namely self-etch, etch and rinse or selective enamel etch. Laboratory investigations and initial clinical studies hold the promise that Universal Bonding Agents are a forward step in the quest for the ultimate bond to tooth substance. Clinical relevance: New Universal Bonding Agents appear to present a promising advance in bonding to dentine.

Influence of different dentin drying methods on adhesive behavior of composite restorations

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of four different dentin drying methods (air drying for 10s, absorbent paper, endodontic suction cannula and air drying for 10s with subsequent re-wetting with distilled water), after etching with phosphoric acid gel 37%, on bond strength and microleakage of composite restorations.Material and Methods: Twenty sound bovine incisors were selected and sectioned transversely. The buccal surfaces were frayed until exposure of dentin, etched and washed with distilled water. Each specimen was subjected to one of the four different drying methods. A 3-step total-etch adhesive system (Adper Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose) was used on 10 teeth and on the other 10, a 2-step total-etch adhesive system (Adper Single BondT™ 2) was used. Composite resin restorations in cylindrical shapes were made and, after thermocycling, the teeth were subjected to the microshear bond strength test. Cervical areas of the teeth were prepared and restored with the same techniques describe above. Cervical restorations were cut and subjected to microleakage analysis in the cervical margin. Data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed, using ANOVA, Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and the significance level was set at 5%.Results: The results showed no statistically significant differences among the groups tested.Conclusions: It was concluded that all drying methods tested represent feasible alternatives to clinical application for total etch dentin-bonding agents.

Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Wet and Dry Enamel Using Dentin Bonding Agents Containing Various Solvents.

Bonding of composite resin to dentin mandates a wet substrate whereas, enamel should be dry. This may not be easily achievable in intracoronal preparations where enamel and dentin are closely placed to each other. Therefore, Dentin Bonding Agents (DBA) are recommended for enamel and dentinal bonding, where enamel is also left moist. A research question was raised if the "enamel-only" preparations will also benefit from wet enamel bonding and contemporary DBA. The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths of composite resin, bonded to dry and wet enamel using fifth generation DBA (etch and rinse system) containing various solvents such as ethanol/water, acetone and ethanol. The crowns of 120 maxillary premolars were split into buccal and lingual halves. They were randomly allocated into four groups of DBA: Group 1-water/ethanol based, Group 2-acetone based, Group 3-ethanol based, Group 4-universal bonding agent (control group). The buccal halves and lingual halves were bonded using the wet bonding and dry bonding technique respectively. After application of the DBAs and composite resin build up, shear bond strength testing was done. Group 1 (ethanol/water based ESPE 3M, Adper Single Bond) showed highest bond strength of (23.15 MPa) in dry enamel. Group 2 (acetone based Denstply, Prime and Bond NT, showed equal bond strength in wet and dry enamel condition (18.87 MPa and 18.02 MPa respectively). Dry enamel bonding and ethanol/water based etch and rinse DBA can be recommended for "enamel-only" tooth preparations.

SISTEMAS ADESIVOS: EVOLUÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

INTRODUÇÃO: A odontologia adesiva desenvolveu materiais e técnicas capazes de preservar o tecido dentário através da união do substrato com sistemas resinosos adesivos. Modernamente os componentes resinosos são utilizados em restaurações adesivas diretas, na cimentação de bráquetes ortodônticos, na cimentação de restaurações indiretas, na obturação de canais radiculares, no selamento de regiões de má coalescência do esmalte como cicatrículas e fissuras, entre outros. OBJETIVOS: O objetivo desse estudo foi fazer uma revisão sobre a evolução dos sistemas adesivos e discutir os principais esforços da atualidade em aprimorá-los no sentido de minimizar seus inconvenientes. MÉTODOS: Seleção de artigos através das bases eletrônicas LILACS e PubMed/ MEDLINE usando os termos de indexação: adesivos dentinários, adesivos e hidrólise entre os anos de 1999 e 2016. RESULTADOS: Os sistemas adesivos têm sido motivo de estudos no sentido de preservar a interface existente entre a resina composta e o esmalte e a dentina. Essa união apresenta problemas como: degradação hidrolítica, separação de fases entre os componentes hidrofílicos e hidrofóbicos, falta de homogeneidade na formação da camada híbrida, exposição de fibrilas colágenas não completamente envolvidas pelos monômeros a serem polimerizados, lixiviação dos monômeros, diferenças no gradiente de concentração osmótico, dificuldade de maior intimidade entre materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos, interação ou remoção da smear layer e presença de bactérias quiescentes nessa interface adesiva. Os maiores inconvenientes são: nanoinfiltração, com invasão bacteriana e cáries secundárias. CONCLUSÕES: Conhecer os avanços nos sistemas adesivos e empregá-los corretamente é fundamental para um prognóstico favorável da qualidade das restaurações estéticas adesivas.

SISTEMAS ADESIVOS: EVOLUÇÃO E PERSPECTIVAS – REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

INTRODUCTION: The adhesive dentistry developed materials and techniques capable to preserve the dental tissues through the union of substrate with adhesive resinous systems. Modernly the resinous components are used in direct adhesive restorations, in orthodontic brackets´ luting, in indirect restorations´ luting, in canal root filling, in sealing areas of bad coalescence like pit and fissures, among others. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to do a review about the evolution of adhesive systems and to discuss the main efforts of the present time in perfecting them in the sense of minimizing their inconveniences. METHODS: Selection of papers through electronic bases LILACS and PubMed/ MEDLINE using indexing terms like: dentin-bonding agents, adhesives and hydrolysis among the years of 1999 and 2016. RESULTS: The adhesive systems have been reason studies in the sense of preserving the existent interface between the composed resin and enamel and dentine. That union presents problems as: hydrolytic degradation, separation of phases among hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, homogeneity lack in the formation of hybrid layer, exhibition of collagenous fibrils no completely involved by the monomers to be polymerized, leaching monomers, differences in osmotic concentration gradient, difficulty of larger intimacy among organic and inorganic materials, interaction or removal of the smear layer and presence of quiescent bacterias in adhesive interface. The largest inconveniences are: nanoleakage, with bacterial invasion and secondary decays. CONCLUSIONS: To know the progresses in the dentin-bonding agents and how to use them correctly is fundamental for a favorable prognostic of the quality of adhesive aesthetic restorations.

Assessment of antibacterial activity of different treatment modalities in deciduous teeth: an in vitro study

ABSTRACTIn recent years, different biotechnological materials and modalities with antibacterial activity are being developed for oral cavity disinfection. However, the antimicrobial effects of all these materials have not been studied and understood in detail. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of ozone therapy with dentine-bonding agents (containing antibacterial monomer 12-meth-acryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) and 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) and Ca(OH)2 for deciduous teeth in vitro. The antibacterial effectiveness of the studied materials was determined by using a tooth cavity model on cylindrical cavities created in 90 deciduous second mandibular molars. Streptococcus mutans suspension was inoculated in the cavities. The teeth were distributed into six study groups (five different modalities and a negative control group). Dentine samples, which were collected from the cavities before and after the treatment sessions, were microbiologically evaluated and the materials’ antibacterial activities were compared. There were statistically significiant differences in the S. mutans counts before and after treatment (P < 0.05). In terms of antibacterial efficiency, 60-second O3 treatment was found to be the most successful method, followed by 30-second O3, Clearfil Protect Bond (containing MDPB), Clearfil SE Bond (containing MDP) and Ca(OH)2 treatment. The results from this study suggested that longer exposure to ozone might have more beneficial effects in terms of antibacterial activity for reducing the levels of S. mutans.

Interactions between resin-based temporary materials and immediate dentin sealing

Bonded indirect restorations require two appointments: one for provisional treatment and one for luting with resin cement and dentin bonding agents (DBA). The DBA layer may be accomplished during a delayed dentin sealing (DDS) step following the provisional phase or an immediate dentin sealing (IDS) step after tooth preparation and during final luting procedures. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of resin-based provisional material (RBPM) on the tensile bond strength to human dentin developed using DDS and IDS procedures. Flat dentin surfaces were prepared on 48 molars for microtensile testing. The specimens were restored using a 3-step etch-and-rinse DBA and composite resin (CR). A set of control specimens (G1) was directly restored using DBA and CR, while the remaining samples were treated using a provisional restoration procedure for 2 weeks: DDS + acrylic resin (AR) + calcium hydroxide cement (CHC) (group G2), DDS + AR + eugenol-free cement (G3), DDS + RBPM (G4), IDS + glycerin + RBPM (G5), or IDS + RBPM (G6). After storage of the final restoration in water for 24 h, the specimens were serially sectioned to obtain bonded sticks 0.8 mm2 in area. The tensile strength was tested at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests (α = 0.05). The mean (standard-deviation) bond strengths for groups G1–G6 were 42.18 (±2.63); 40.14 (±3.46); 37.77 (±0.93); 37.16 (±2.61); 34.11 (±1.08) and 23.79 (±0.49) MPa. The mean bond strength of group G6 was significantly lower (p < 0.05), suggesting that adhesion to dentin is influenced by use of RBPM with IDS prior to placement of a definitive restoration.

Evaluation of caries-protective effect of three recent dentin bonding agents on demineralization of root surface: An in vitro study

Objective: To evaluate the caries-protective effect of three recent dentin bonding agents (DBAs) on demineralization of root surface in vitro . Materials and Methods: The root surface of 70 freshly extracted caries-free human teeth was thoroughly cleaned and polished, thereby removing the cementum. The root surfaces were coated with acid-resistant nail polish and 2 mm × 3 mm rectangular window was prepared on the buccal surface. The samples were then divided randomly into three experimental groups; Group 1 (Xeno-V), Group 2 (Tetric N Bond), and Group 3 (Gluma Self-etch) which were further divided into two Subgroups (A and B) with 10 samples each in which second layer of adhesive was cured without air thinning and with air thinning respectively. Subsequently, all specimens were demineralized for 6 days with acidified gel (hydroxyethylcellulose, pH 4.8, 37°C). Each tooth samples were sliced in plano parallel section (80 ± 20 μm) by safe sided diamond disc and examined for caries-like lesions (demineralized area) under a polarized microscope. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Student's t - and Tukey honestly significant difference tests. Results: All control group specimen exhibited lesions with a mean depth of 86.15 μm. In Group 1–3, the lesion depth was reduced significantly, Subgroup A results were better than B. Conclusion: Demineralization on root surface can be impeded by DBA tested. Gluma Self-etch showed maximum caries-protective effect.

Thermography analysis during laser irradiation on dentin-bonding agents

Thermography analysis during laser irradiation on dentin-bonding agents

Effect of water storage on ultimate tensile strength and mass changes of universal adhesives.

Background The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of water storage on micro tensile strength (µTS) and mass changes (MC) of two universal adhesives. Material and Methods 10 disk-shaped specimens were prepared for each adhesive; Scotchbond Universal (SCU) All-Bond Universal (ABU) and Adper Single Bond 2 (SB2). At the baseline and after 1 day and 28 days of water storage, their mass were measured and compared to estimate water sorption and solubility. For µTS test, 20 dumbbell shaped specimens were also prepared for each adhesive in two subgroups of 1 day and 28 days water storage. Results MC was significantly lower for SCU and ABU than SB2 (P < 0.05) at both time intervals. In all three adhesives, the MC was significantly lower at 28 days compared to that at 1 day (P < 0.05). Similarly, µTS was significantly higher for SCU and ABU than SB2 at both storage intervals (P < 0.05). After 28 days, µTS increased significantly for universal adhesives (P < 0.05). Conclusions MC and µTS of adhesives were both material and time dependent when stored in water; both universal adhesives showed less water sorption and higher values of µTS than the control group. Key words:Absorption, dental adhesives, dentin-bonding agents, solubility, tensile strength.

Effects of sealant, viscosity, and bonding agents on microleakage of fissure sealants: An in vitro study.

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of enamel or dentin bonding agent (DBA) and sealant viscosity on sealant microleakage.Materials and Methods:Sixty extracted human premolars were randomly divided into two equal groups (based on sealant viscosity) and each group was divided into three subgroups of 10 teeth. Group 1 (low viscosity sealant, Seal-Rite, Pulpdent, USA with 7.7% filler): Prophylaxis, enameloplasty, etching of occlusal surfaces with 38% of phosphoric acid gel, rinsing and drying, followed by (1) enamel bonding agent (EBA) (Margin Bond, Coltène/Whaledent AG) or (2) DBA (Excite, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Liechtenstein) or (3) no bonding (NB) prior to sealant application. In Group 2, similar procedures were performed except for applying a high viscosity sealant (Seal-Rite, Pulpdent, The USA with 34.4% filler). Specimens were thermocycled and then immersed in a 0.5% basic fuchsine solution for 24 h next, buccolingual slices of samples were scored under a stereomicroscope. The Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used for data analysis.Results:There was no significant difference between DBA, EBA, and NB subgroups in the microleakage scores in both groups. Low viscosity sealant had a lower microleakage than the high viscosity sealant in both DBA (P = 0.002) and NB (P = 0.041) subgroups.Conclusion:The results indicated that the use of low viscosity sealant reduced the microleakage of pit and fissure sealants. However, the use of a bonding agent before sealant placement didn’t affect the microleakage.

Comparison of the Effect of Dentin Bonding, Dentin Sealing Agents on the Microleakage of Provisional Crowns Fabricated with Direct and Indirect Technique-An Invitro Study.

Postoperative sensitivity after temporization is a common complaint in Fixed Partial Denture patients. It is caused by weak and ill fitting temporary restorations which results in microleakage. This can be controlled by providing good temporary restorations and by coating the exposed dentinal tubules of the prepared tooth with dentin bonding agent or dental varnish. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of dentin-bonding, dentin sealing agents on the microleakage of temporary crowns made by tooth colored auto polymerizing resin fabricated with direct and indirect technique. Thirty premolar and molar human teeth were collected which were extracted recently was used for the study. The teeth were marked and divided into 3 groups each containing 10 nos. They were individually mounted with self-cure acrylic resin. It was then mounted on a milling machine and crown preparations done. Temporary crowns were fabricated by direct and indirect method with two types of materials. In group A (Control group), the temporary crowns fabricated with both direct and indirect method were cemented directly with temporary luting cement. In group B dentine-bonding agent (solobond M) was applied once to the prepared surface of each tooth specimen before the cementation of temporary crowns where as in case of group C a single layer of dental varnish is applied prior to crown cementation. The entire specimens were immersed in 1% methylene blue and allowed to undergo thermal treatment. It was then sectioned in a hard tissue microtome. Each section was evaluated for dye penetration into the dentin tubules by comparing it with a visual scale. SPSS Version 13 software was used for non-parametric data analysis by a qualified statistician. P-values less than 0.05 (p-value<0.05) were considered to be statistically significant. Group B (Dentin Bonding Agent) specimens cemented with crowns fabricated in direct technique showed the least amount of microleakage when compared with group A and group C. Group C (Dental Varnish) specimen showed comparatively more amount of microleakage than that of group B. Group A (control group) specimens showed the maximum amount of microleakage. The application of a single layer of Dental varnish appears to be of no significant benefit when compared to crowns cemented with the application of Dentin bonding agent on the tooth surface. The application of a single layer of Dentin bonding agent (Solobond M) and temporary crowns fabricated with direct technique may be of some benefit for crown preparations as an interim measure prior to the luting of final crown.

The effect of IDS (immediate dentin sealing) on dentin bond strength under various thermocycling periods.

PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to find out the effect of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) on bond strength of ceramic restoration under various thermocycling periods with DBA (dentin bonding agent system).MATERIALS AND METHODSFifty freshly extracted human mandibular third molars were divided into 5 groups (1 control and 4 experimental groups) of 10 teeth. We removed enamel layer of sound teeth and embedded them which will proceed to be IDS, using All Bond II. A thermocycling was applied to experimental groups for 1, 2, 7, 14 days respectively and was not applied to control group. IPS Empress II for ceramic was acid-etched with ceramic etchant (9.5% HF) and silane was applied. Each ceramic disc was bonded to specimens with Duo-link, dual curable resin cement by means of light curing for 100 seconds. After the cementation procedures, shear bond strength measurement and SEM analysis of the fractured surface were done. The data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test (α=.05).RESULTSThere were no statistically significant differences between 4 experimental groups and control group, however the mean value started to decrease in group 7d, and group 14d showed the lowest mean bond strength in all groups. Also, group 7d and 14d showed distinct exposed dentin and collapsed hybrid layer was observed in SEM analysis.CONCLUSIONIn the present study, it can be concluded that ceramic restorations like a laminate veneer restoration should be bonded using resin cement within one week after IDS procedure.

The Effect of Two Dentin Bonding Agents on Microleakage of Ceramic Crown

The Effect of Two Dentin Bonding Agents on Microleakage of Ceramic Crown

Abstract

The findings of this trial carried out in general dental practice suggest that desensitizing toothpastes and professionally applied dentine bonding agents reduce the pain associated with dentine hypersensitivity, with dentine-bonding agents resulting in the greatest improvement.

An &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;in Vitro&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Study of Microleakage Comparing Total-Etch with Bonding Resin and Self-Etch Adhesive Luting Cements for All-Ceramic Crowns

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the dye leakage present following cementation of all-ceramic crowns with 7 currently used cements to compare total-etch (TE) with dentine bonding agent (DBA) and self-etch (SE) systems. Methods: Forty-two Authentic? crowns were fabricated and cemented onto extracted human teeth using 7 currently available cements (2 two-stage adhesives (TE + DBA): Panavia 21 Kuraray; Paracore, Coltene Whaledent and 5 all-in-one adhesives (SE): MaxCem Kerr; Panavia F2.0 Kuraray; RelyX Unicem 3MEspe; seT SDI). Following storage in water and thermal cycling, the teeth were exposed to dye, sectioned and examined under confocal microscopy. Leakage was determined by two blinded examiners and scoring was carried out on a scale of 0 - 8 per tooth (0 = no leakage, 8 complete leakage across the section). One overall reading was obtained per tooth with 6 teeth per material. Results: The results showed a wide range of scores between the different cements. Only a few specimens which used TE + DBA showed slight marginal leakage: Paracore (mean score 0 ± 0) and Panavia 21 (0.3 ± 0.5). The majority of specimens using SE showed leakage: RelyX Unicem (0.8 ± 0.8), SmartCem (1.7 ± 2.1), MaxCem (3.2 ± 1.7), Panavia F2.0 (4.5 ± 2.4) then seT (5.2 ± 2.5). Statistical analysis was carried out showing that Paracore and Panavia 21 were significantly less prone to leakage than MaxCem, (P = 0.002) and seT (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the choice of luting cement is important in reducing dye leakage. This study strongly favours the use of a TE with separate adhesive system placed prior to the composite luting resin.

Evaluation of the Effect of Tooth Surface Wetting and Bond Strength of Composite-an In vitro Study

Adhesive restorations have become integral part of routine dental treatment. To achieve clinical success with such restorations, it is of clinical importance to ensure good bonding between this restoration and tooth surface. Bonding to dentin is far more challenging. Bond between dentin and dentin bonding adhesives is greatly influenced by: (1) Surface condition of dentin (moist/dry); (2) Chemical nature of dentin bonding agents. The present study has been designed: (i) to study the effect of various conditions (moist/dry) of dentin on bonding with dentin bonding agents; (ii) to compare the strength achieved by dentin, bonding agent of different systems (water/acetone based). This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tooth surface wetting on shear bond strength of composite. Freshly extracted central incisors were taken. Cavities were prepared in middle 1/3 of teeth. Teeth were divided in groups A,B,C depending on their surface treatment (wet, semi dry, dry surface) and again in to sub groups depending on whether they are treated water based or acetone based dentin bonding agents(scotch bond, prime bond NT, clear fil SE) . All the cavities in samples were filled with composite and light cured. Composite was debonded from teeth by Instron machine. Debonded samples were scanned and micro graphed under SEM. From the observations made, statistically analyzed and duly discussed, following conclusions are drawn: 1. Optimal water content is necessary for achieving good bonding between dentin and composite. 2. Water based dentin bonding agents, show maximum shear bond strength with dentin in dry conditions. 3. Acetone based dentin bonding agents show maximum shear bond strength with dentin in wet conditions. Overview of the results shows that moisture plays a vital role in bonding of composite with dentin. Optimal water should be present for better bonding of dentin with composite. If dentin is in dry stage, then water based dentin-bonding agents should be used as they produce best results in dry conditions and if dentin is in wet state then acetone based dentin-bonding agents should be used as they produce best results in wet conditions.

Marginal adaptation of class V restorations with current-generation dentin-bonding agents: effect of different dentin surface treatments.

This study sought to assess the use of chlorhexidine with several excipients as a dentin surface treatment and its effect on marginal adaptation of class V restorations with current-generation dentin bonding agents. A total of 120 human third molars were selected and allocated into 12 groups, with standardized buccal class V restorations randomly divided into preconditioned dentin rinsed with: water; water + chlorhexidine; ethanol; or ethanol + chlorhexidine. After rinsing of dentin (previously conditioned with 35% phosphoric acid) with the test solutions, the Adper single bond 2, prime and bond 2.1, and Excite bonding systems were applied randomly. Restorations were performed with Filtek™ Z350 XT composite resin. The resulting specimens were subjected to thermal and mechanical load cycling. Quantitative analysis of marginal adaptation was performed on epoxy replicas by means of scanning electron microscopy. Results were assessed by means of the Kruskal-Wallis test (percentages of continuous margins) and Wilcoxon test (differences between percentages of continuous margins before and after thermal cycling and mechanical loading), at a significance level of p < 0.05. Outcomes in the chlorhexidine-treated groups were not superior to those obtained with other treatments.