Government Administration Research Articles

Disaster, facial recognition technology, and the problem of the corpse

The overlapping disasters of the Australian 2019–2020 bushfire season and the COVID-19 pandemic, figured alongside the imaginary of projected future disasters, have provided a space of legitimation to experiment with controversial facial recognition technologies (FRTs). Drawing upon interviews conducted with senior Australian government administrators and researchers, I argue that FRTs are being used to respond to the trauma of disaster through its novel mediation and refiguration, tied to discourses of resilience which have been used to justify the expansion of FRT as a means for relief and the provision of aid. This legitimation, however, is challenged by the difficulty FRT encounters in capturing the face in its vital and its mortal malleability. What I term ‘the problem of the corpse’ serves to bring to light the ‘paranoid’ gaze of the biometric apparatus, disrupting the aim of using biometric infrastructure to produce a ‘new normal’ in the ongoing aftermath of disaster.

Policy Diffusion, Environmental Federalism, and Economic Efficiency – How Institutions Influence the Implementation of EU Legislation in Two Nordic Countries

Abstract We explore the changes in central government administration due to European Union (EU) membership and its consequences for policy outcomes and economic efficiency in Finland and Sweden. Both countries became members of the EU in 1995. Upon joining the union, member states are expected to adopt common legislation and are encouraged to develop similar rule-making procedures. The actual implementation of EU directives varies considerably between member states, however. This is also the case for Finland and Sweden. Despite the two Nordic countries for historical reasons having had similar government systems, upon becoming members of the EU, they started to diverge. Using a model of delegation and comparing the more centralized Finnish system with the decentralized institutional setup in Sweden, we show that the Swedish approach leads to a stricter than optimal environmental policy, which in turn makes EU policy non-optimal from a global point of view, ceteris paribus. We also provide empirical support for our findings in the form of some example cases. We focus on environmental policy since this is an area that has been high on the EU agenda.

Analysis of the Formation of Government Regulations as Separation of Powers in Indonesia

Indonesia is a constitutional state where government administration is based on statutory regulations hierarchically proposed by the law as mandated by the 1945 Constitution. The authority to implement laws is translated into government and other laws and regulations. The order of laws and regulations is used as a "rule" when a government activity is to be carried out. However, in practice, there are still mechanisms for forming PPs that are inconsistent with the orders of the law. This study aims to determine the basis and mechanism for forming PP as an executive authority and the legal implications of not issuing PP by the executive. The type of research is normative juridical with a literature study approach. The analysis shows that the process of forming laws can be studied from two perspectives, namely normative juridical and sociological perspectives. The material content of laws in Indonesia is complex to determine from the power-sharing system. However, it can be determined by looking at the system for forming statutory regulations, where it has been stated that the formation of statutory regulations must be based on hierarchical law. Suppose the executive does not issue a PP as mandated by the law. In that case, it will result in not achieving the ideals of the general norms contained in the law, and harmonisation of law implementation will not be realised. Even though it is a country based on law, no government administration in Indonesia is not based on statutory regulations as its legal basis

The 2023 Turkish election: a tale of two campaigns and the duel of populisms

ABSTRACT The 2023 Turkish elections marked a historic juncture in the nation’s political trajectory. Amidst economic, social, and political upheavals, coupled with a devastating earthquake, the elections served as a decisive evaluation of the newly inaugurated presidential system. With the incumbent Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi – AKP) lagging in polls for the first time in over twenty years, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of the People’s Alliance faced formidable opposition yet managed to score a victory in the second round. This article delves into the contrasting campaign strategies of the two leading candidates, Erdoğan and Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu. We argue that while Erdoğan’s campaign leaned on negative tactics and exclusionary populism, emphasizing counter-terrorism, identity politics, and regime maintenance, Kılıçdaroğlu’s strategy championed positive messaging buoyed by inclusive populism, spotlighting democratization, good governance, and regime change. Within an overarching competitive authoritarian context, these distinct strategies highlighted the intricate dynamics between campaign narratives and voter perception.

Coalition Governance under Separation of Powers: Shadowing by Committee in Coalitional Presidentialism

AbstractDo coalition parties in presidential systems shadow one another with an eye on reducing agency loss? Our knowledge of intra‐coalitional delegation under presidentialism remains limited to a few case studies. This article addresses that question using an original data set of committee chairs in eight multiparty presidential systems around the world. It shows that shadowing—the appointment of chairs from one coalition party to committees overseeing portfolios controlled by another coalition party—is a function of the degree of agency loss the coalition expects to a specific party, operationalized in terms of ideological distance as well as the salience of portfolios. However, the data also tentatively suggest that powerful committees reduce rather than increase the incidence of shadowing, which may be attributed to the risk of intraparty agency loss under separation of powers.

“NOT VIRAL, NOT POPULAR”: WHAT IS THE FORMAT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IKN? IN A PARTICIPATORY PLANNING LENS

The Indonesian government administration, which was originally centered in Jakarta, will be moved in 2024. Interestingly, the construction of the Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) reaps pros–cons from the community. Discussions about the IKN planning pattern continue to be debated. To conduct this event, the orientation of the article is to invite public participation (outside the government) to determine the choice of what planning format is valid for the sustainability of the new IKN development. The profiles of respondents are local netizens who often use social media to test their insights who live around the IKN. The cluster sampling survey was carried out partially using online interviews throughout the 2022 period. Besides, the data collection process only focused on 251 respondents who have skills and are certified as urban planners who are members of associations with special expertise. The collected primary data is extracted into the Chi–Square model. As a result, it detects that the planning formulation suggested by netizens has an effect on the sustainability of the IKN development. From various walks of life including: scientists, observers/environmental activists, community leaders, social media observers, and entrepreneurs, the majority consider the most realistic planning approach for the sustainability of IKNs to be green cities. For the long–term, netizens reason and assume that this concept fulfills the necessary of green open space (RTH).

Legal Certainty Against Termination of Government Goods/Services Procurement Contracts By Acts of Government Administration, Commitment Making Officials

Problems in unilateral contract termination by Commitment Making Officials in Government Procurement of Goods/Services. There are no express provisions in the laws and regulations or Presidential Regulations. The consequence that arises is that terminating the contract creates legal uncertainty. This dissertation analyzes the implementation of terminating contracts for the procurement of government goods/services by acts of government administration and analyzes and finds legal certainty for terminating contracts for the procurement of goods/services if there is a dispute between the Commitment Making Official and the provider of goods/services, the Commitment Making Official. The research method used in this research is normative juridical with research specifications namely analytical descriptive. The results research show that the implementation of terminating contracts for the procurement of government goods/services by the actions of the government administration officials who made the commitment resulted in the emergence of legal uncertainty. Based on Article 93 paragraph 1 of Presidential Regulation Number 4 of 2015 concerning the Second Amendment to Presidential Regulation Number 54 of 2010, the legal consequences of contract termination do not yet reflect the principle of proportionality, because the determination of sanctions is only unilateral, borne by the Service Provider. Meanwhile, the determination of sanctions against Service Users if the PPK commits an error/negligence is not clearly regulated either in the contract agreed upon by the parties, or regulated in the provisions of statutory regulations.

Development of a partnership between academia, community, and government in response to the 2022 mpox outbreak in Japan.

Objectives In response to the steady rise in the number of cases of mpox in nonendemic countries, starting with an outbreak in the United Kingdom in May 2022, the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, 2022. As of November 13, 2022, seven cases of mpox have been reported in Japan.Methods A community engagement approach was applied to prevent the spread of mpox in Japan.Results A tripartite partnership between academia, community, and government (ACG) was established to promote multisectoral communication between vulnerable communities, medical personnel involved in diagnosis and treatment, public health specialists at public health centers, epidemiologists at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), and government and public administration. Through information sharing, this ACG partnership can translate accurate information into effective infection control measures.Conclusion By developing and maintaining the ACG partnership, an environment will be created that allows an immediate response to future public health crises affecting vulnerable communities. This Practice Report describes the process of establishing an ACG partnership.

Domestic imperative of the Philippines’ South China Sea policy: personality-driven policymaking and constant shifts between China and the United States

This article aims to explain the oscillations of the Philippines’ South China Sea policy vis-à-vis China between accommodation and confrontation from 1991 to 2022. It argues that the Philippines’ personality-driven foreign policymaking was conducive to dramatic shifts in position on the South China Sea issue. The presidential system of government and patronage politics in the Philippines give the presidential inner circles considerable leeway to shape and reshape the country’s foreign policy. Despite being constrained by domestic socio-political conditions at a given time as well as the political and security thinking embedded in its domestic politics, individual Philippine presidents and/or the presidential circles managed the South China Sea issue vis-à-vis China and the United States in particular ways according to their different sets of personal beliefs, professional expertise, and practical experience. This explains why the power transitions in the Philippines often caused major shifts in its management of the South China Sea disputes over time.

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Rencana Pemekaran Wilayah Kecamatan di Kota Tanjungpinang

Based on the results of the 2010 Tanjungpinang City Subdistrict Expansion Study, it appears that the results of the study recommend that the Tanjungpinang City area be divided into 7 subdistricts, of which 3 subdistricts are new subdistricts that must be expanded. However, in real conditions up to now in 2020, the existing sub-district conditions in Tanjungpinang City still consist of 4 (four) sub-districts and have not yet realized the second recommendation of the sub-district expansion study. The purpose of this research is to determine the factors that influence the plan to expand sub-district areas in Tanjungpinang City. This research method is descriptive qualitative. Where data will be collected using observation techniques, interviews and documentation studies. The data analysis technique in this research is qualitative analysis. The informants in this research were all Regional Apparatus Organizations related to the expansion of sub-district areas, the DPRD Secretariat of Riau Islands Province, the Regional Government and Autonomy Bureau of the Regional Secretariat of Riau Islands Province, the Regional Secretariat of Tanjungpinang City, the sub-district heads of Tanjungpinang City. The results of this research are that the factors that influence the plan for the expansion of sub-district areas in Tanjungpinang City are: Economic Capability Factors, Regional Potential, Socio-Cultural and Population, Social Politics, Area Size, Defense and Security, Span of Control for Government Administration, One suggestion What can be given is that the Tanjungpinang City Government should pay special attention to the economic potential of an area that will be expanded.

Pelatihan Tata Kelola Administrasi Tax Center Politeknik Negeri Jember

Administration is a source that can be used to obtain data or information. The Jember State Polytechnic Tax Center should carry out administration well in order to provide the best service. One of the administrations that must be carried out by the Polije Tax Center is to administer customer data that is present at the Tax Center. Providing services to customers can take the form of consultations on filling out Annual Tax Returns (SPT) and tax consultations. Information on the number of customers can be an indicator of tax compliance, especially for Jember State Polytechnic employees. Apart from that, this activity also provided a book for recording incoming and outgoing letters so that they could archive letters at the Tax Center. The method used is surveys, discussions and also training for tax volunteers. The result of this service activity is that tax volunteers achieve understanding regarding the importance of administrative governance and administrative management. The achievement of service activities is demonstrated by the results of feedback from tax volunteers at the Tax Center. The feedback results show that 81% respondent stated that this service activity is very beneficial for partners

INTEGRATED FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: ITS IMPORTANCE IN ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN PERU - 2023

Purpose: This study delves into the pivotal role of the Integrated Financial Administration System (SIAF) within local governments in Peru, with a focus on its influence on administrative, budgetary, and financial management. Theoretical Framework: The study is grounded in a theoretical framework that explores the essential functions and applications of the SIAF in the context of municipal affairs. Design/Methodology/Approach: Employing a quantitative research approach with a descriptive correlational design, the study actively engaged 166 participants, including authorities, managers, and collaborators from municipalities. Random surveys and interviews were conducted to gather insights from advisors and experts. Findings: The results revealed a significant consensus, with 72.29% strongly agreeing on the substantial role of the SIAF in municipal administration. An additional 70.48% endorsed strong agreement, underscoring tangible improvements in administrative management facilitated by the SIAF. Reliability analysis, as reflected in KR20 and KR21 values, further solidified the credibility of the study. Research, Practical & Social Implications: The study recommends the establishment of continuous monitoring mechanisms for the SIAF, emphasizing regular updates to align with evolving administrative, budgetary, and financial requirements. Additionally, advocating for comprehensive capacity-building and training programs for municipal personnel is crucial to enhance proficiency in utilizing the SIAF effectively. Empowering stakeholders is expected to optimize system benefits and cultivate a culture of efficient financial administration within local governments. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing comprehensive insights into the indispensable role of the SIAF in local government administration, backed by rigorous quantitative analysis and reliability metrics.

Carbon finance and low-carbon technological change: Evidence from China

Promoting carbon finance is considered a solution for supporting climate change mitigation. This article investigates the impact of carbon finance development on low-carbon technological change, exploiting textual analysis technology to measure the low-carbon innovation quality of 2953 CO2 emission allowance enterprises and evaluating the carbon finance index of eight pilots. Our panel regression results from 2014 to 2021 show that carbon finance encourages enterprises with CO2 emission allowances to upgrade their low-carbon innovation quality. The findings remain robust after using a variety of tests, including the instrumental variable (IV) approach, alternative innovation quality measure, replacement patent application with grant, etc. Our heterogeneity results indicate that the effect of carbon finance on low-carbon technological change is only statistically significant in non-state-owned enterprises, resulting from administrative government intervention in China's carbon market. Additionally, enterprises with stronger technology intensity show a statistically significant impact of carbon finance on the quality of low-carbon innovation. Furthermore, the mechanism shows that the effect of carbon finance on low-carbon technological change can be attributed to strengthened R&D intensity and mitigated financial constraints. This study sheds light on the positive significance of carbon finance and has a certain guiding role for the promotion path of China's national carbon market to support low-carbon transformation.

Issue of ‘One Nation, One Election’ in Indian Perspective

This research examines the potential impacts—both positive and negative—of introducing simultaneous elections across India, known as "One Nation, One Election." This proposed change aims to synchronise national, state, and local election timings to reduce frequent election cycles. The analysis shows that synchronised elections could save significant costs for state and central governments by reducing expenses related to election administration, security, and disruptions in governance. Estimated annual savings could exceed ₹45 billion. The effect on state governments varies; while national issues might overshadow local concerns, state administrations could benefit from more governance-focused time rather than electioneering. This might decrease voter fatigue but could limit expressing dissatisfaction with state governments at different times. From an industry standpoint, synchronised elections offer more stable policies and less political uncertainty. Overall, simultaneous elections promote better governance focus and enhance political and economic stability. The paper provides a comprehensive evaluation based on evidence of the expected pros, cons, costs, and benefits.

The Effects of Environmental Analysis on Optimal Attainment of Local Government Administration Objectives in Developing Countries (A Study of Nigeria) 2015-2023

Environmental analysis in government administration is the process of assessing and evaluating the internal and external factors that can have an effect on an administration performance and strategy. Although the environmental analysis is important to figure administrations strength, weaknesses opportunity and threat and this knowledge can help to place her on strong footing to actualize set objectives. The study explored the Effects of Environmental Analysis on Optimal Attainment of Local Government Administration Objectives in Developing Countries with a focus on Nigeria. The study employed descriptive research design. Population of the study were drawn from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. The data for the study were sourced through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive, correlations and regression analysis was applied to the study to evaluate the effects of the dependent variable on the independent variables through the aid of the statistical package SPSS 23. From the regression results its suffice to conclude that environmental analysis of Local government administration that is proxy with political, economic, social & legal, would have a meaningful influence on optimum actualization of local government objectives in Nigeria. The study recommended that local government administrators should prioritise analysis or evaluation of internal and external environment such as political, economic, social and legal state of their local government area pre and post inauguration.

Employees’ adherence to the National Code of Ethics and Conduct for Public Service: A Case of Four Selected Local Government Authorities

This paper aims to determine adherence to the national code of ethics and conduct (hereafter the code) by public employees in four selected Tanzania Local Government Authorities (LGAs). The study was a cross-sectional one that employed a sample size of 400 randomly selected respondents. Descriptive statistical analysis determined the level of adherence to the code. While Ordinal Logistic Regression analysed factors influencing adherence to the code, the correlation between the code and factors supporting its level of adherence was also determined. The findings showed that the code was highly adhered to in both rural and urban LGAs, although in some aspects the level of adherence was a bit higher in rural LGAs. Ordinal logistic regression showed that loyalty to the government and diligence were significant at the 5% level (0.05) of significance. Findings also indicated significant positive associations between the code and both individual values as well as the working environment (p < 0.01) in rural LGAs. It is concluded that disparities in some aspects of adherence to the code between rural and urban LGAs are due to existing diversified adherence enforcement mechanisms. It is recommended that the Ministry of Regional Administration and Local Government should monitor, oversee, and emphasize training, specifically training related to adherence to the code. LGA disciplinary committees should strengthen rewarding and punishing mechanisms against unethical behaviour, and public servants should take into consideration ethical variables while executing their daily operations.

Competitiveness of Gross Regional Domestic Product and Its Effect on Economic Development in Palopo City, South Sulawesi Province

The research aims to analyze the sub-sectors which are the basis of the economy and the competitiveness of the Gross Regional Domestic Product of the City of Palopo and to analyze the Effects of Economic Growth on the Economic Development Index of the City of Palopo, Province of Sulawesi. This research is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach. The data needed in this study are secondary in the form of a time series from 2011 to 2021. This research uses the documentation method from the Central Bureau of Statistics and other related agencies to collect data and information. The techniques used are Location Quotient analysis, Klassen typology, Shift Share, and regression. The findings of this study are that Palopo City has an economic base of electricity, gas, and clean water, Water Procurement, Waste Management, and Recycling, Construction, Trade, Hotels, and Restaurants, Transportation and Warehousing, Financial and Insurance Services Real Estate, Government Administration, Defense, and Compulsory Social Security, Health Services and Social Activities, Other Services. Even though the competitive sub-sectors in Palopo City are the processing industry, gas, electricity and clean water, commerce, hotels, restaurants, transportation, and warehousing, this research also concludes that economic growth in Palopo City does not influence Human Development Index.

Minimum Education Requirements For Presidential Candidates In The Administration Of State Government

This study discusses the relevance of minimum education for presidential candidates, as stipulated in Article 169 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections, focusing on the concept of state capacity. State capacity theory identifies three main elements: extractive, coordinative, and compliance. Higher education is considered important in increasing the capacity of state leaders, especially in dealing with the complexity of leadership tasks. Using juridical-normative research methods, this study conducted an analysis of a number of Indonesian presidents who had undergraduate education backgrounds or higher education levels. The formulation of the problem in this study is: What is the basis for consideration of the education of presidential candidates at least high school as one of the conditions for candidacy? And the results illustrate the stagnation in related laws and regulations, especially Article 169, which maintains the minimum limit of high school education for presidential candidates. By involving state capacity theory, the authors conclude the need for updates in the educational requirements of presidential candidates to increase the country's capacity to face increasingly complex tasks and challenges. Continuous evaluation of the education system and laws and regulations is essential to create more qualified national leaders in the future.

Professional training of teachers in Kyrgyzstan at the current stage

Relevance. In recent years, professional pedagogical education in Kyrgyzstan has undergone a series of changes. The dissolution of the Soviet Union brought alterations in the educational systems that existed in former Soviet republics. The relevance of this article lies in the need to analyse the establishment and evolution of pedagogical education in the country�s higher educational institutions.Purpose. The objective of the study is to define the concept of professional teacher training at the current stage, as well as methods to enhance their qualifications.Methodology. The following methods were employed in the research: analytical, comparative, synthesis, systematisation, and generalisation.Results. The results showed that primary attention in devising an effective education system for future teachers should be paid to the functioning of relevant universities and departments. There�s a need to revisit outdated teaching methodologies, adapting them to contemporary realities such as online education and the use of modern technologies in pedagogical practice. Moreover, the efficiency of the educational process is closely related to the character, creative abilities of the teacher, their cultural awareness, and socialisation. Additionally, the question of a teacher�s status in modern society is pertinent. Analysing pedagogical practices of other countries indicates that teachers therein rightfully enjoy special respect and hold a prestigious position in society. Kyrgyzstan should adopt a similar approach, granting educators certain privileges at the national level.Conclusions. The findings can be beneficial for specialists in the field of education, institutional leaders, government administration bodies, and all those interested in issues of professional teacher training at the present stage.

Analisis Pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) Dalam Upaya Pemberdayaan Dan Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Di Desa Perk.Pulahan Asahan

Village fund allocations are funds sourced from the APBN for villages which are transferred through the district/city APBD which are used to finance government administration, implementation of development and community empowerment. This research aims to determine the management of village fund allocations in efforts to empower and welfare the community in Perk. Pulahan village based on Government Regulation No.6, 2014. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive using qualitative analysis methods. The results of this research show that overall village fund management has been carried out well, but the lack of community participation in this matter means that management is not optimal. Communities are needed to build villages together, because communities have a huge influence on the success of development and the growth of quality communities.