Democratic Parenting Research Articles

Parenting Patterns for Pre-School Age Children at Al-Khairat Kindergarten

Introduction: Parenting patterns are classified into three, namely authoritarian parenting models, permissive parenting models and democratic parenting models. During interviews with several children's parents, parents said that their children were difficult to direct, they did not hear what was being said, their children often threw tantrums such as throwing, hitting them if their wishes were not met, there were also children who did not want to talk when gathered with the family, children only wanted to talk. when parents ask. Objective: The aim of the research is to determine the parenting patterns of parents and the emotional development of preschool age children at Al-Khairaat Parigi Kindergarten, Loji Village, Parigi Moutong Regency.. Method: This research method uses a quantitative design with a descriptive research design. The variables in this research are parenting patterns, with the types of data used namely primary data and secondary data, data analysis uses univariate analysis. The population in this study was 56 people and the sample was 36 people with a sampling technique, namely simple random sampling Result: The research results showed that democratic parenting was 23 respondents (63.9%), permissive parenting was 9 respondents (25.0%) and authoritarian parenting was 4 respondents (11.1%). Conclusion: Most respondents apply a democratic parenting style to preschool-aged children at Al-Khairaat Kindergarten, Loji Village, Parigi Moutong Regency. The advice from this research is that it is hoped that parents and schools will pay attention to which parenting style will be given to children so that they can develop optimal emotional development.

Contribution Of Parental And Teachers' Guidance Towards Independent Behavior Of Elementary School Children

The contribution of parental and teacher guidance to the independent behavior of elementary school children needs to be considered carefully. Although this guidance plays an important role in child development, overprotective attitudes, lack of consistency, and the influence of the social and technological environment can hinder children's independence. This study uses the library research method. The data collection technique in this study was carried out through documentation review or document review. To ensure the validity of the data in this study, the source triangulation technique was used. The results of the study showed that 1). The Role of Parents in Shaping the Independence of Elementary School Children is to play an important role in shaping children's independence, with democratic parenting patterns proven to be more effective in encouraging independence than authoritarian or permissive parenting patterns. 2). The Role of Teachers in Developing the Independence of Elementary School Children is to develop student independence through a teaching approach that encourages responsibility and active participation. By giving individual and group assignments, and involving students in projects and class discussions, teachers help students learn independently. 3). Collaboration of Parents and Teachers in Developing Independence of Elementary School Children is that parents and teachers play an important role in supporting the development of independence of elementary school children. Open communication and good cooperation between the two parties ensure that children receive consistent guidance, both at home and at school.

Parenting Style and Children's Self-Care Ability: The Moderating Role of Executive Function.

Children's self-care ability (SCA) is a very important part of early development and school readiness. Previous studies have shown that parenting style is essential factor that influence young children's SCA. However, much less is known about the association between different types of parenting styles and children's SCA, let alone the moderating role of executive function (EF). This study used measures such as parenting style, EF and SCA to survey children (N = 482) aged 3-7 years old and their parents. The results indicated that democratic parenting style was positively correlated with children's SCA, while other parenting styles were negatively correlated with children's SCA. Moreover, with the exception of inconsistent parenting style and authoritarian parentingstyle, the predictive effect of parenting styles on young children's SCA is moderated by young children's EF: Democratic parenting styles and children's SCA were significantly and positively correlated when children's EF was high rather than low; coddling and permissive parenting styles and children's SCA were significantly and negatively correlated when children's EF was high rather than low. These findings suggest that democratic parenting styles are effective in promoting the development of SCA in children with high EF.

The Influence of Divorce on the Social and Emotional Development of 5-6 Year Old Children in Pondok Perasi Ampenan Village, Mataram City, 2023 (Case Study)

Divorce is an event that is highly undesirable for every couple and family. Divorce in any family constitutes a major transition and adjustment, especially for children, who may experience emotional and behavioral reactions due to the loss of one parent. This study on single-parenting and its effects on the social and emotional development of 5-6-year-old children was conducted with the aim of understanding the influence of divorce on children's social-emotional development. The research was carried out in Pondok Perasi Village, Ampenan, Mataram City in 2023. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected through observation and interviews. The differences between single mother and single father parenting were apparent, with fathers adopting a democratic parenting style, characterized by open communication between parent and child. They establish mutually agreed-upon rules, and children are free to express their opinions, feelings, and desires. Meanwhile, mothers displayed a permissive parenting style, allowing children the freedom to behave according to their own desires. The study results indicate that the social-emotional development of children from divorced families was reasonably good, although there was a noticeable lack of involvement from one family member. Single parents assumed both the father and mother roles in fostering the social and emotional development of their children.

Parenting Patterns of Career Women in Instilling Islamic Religious Values in Children (Case Study of Communities in Griya Hangtuah Permai Housing, Pinang Kencana Kelurahan Tanjung Pinang Timur)

This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to understand the reality that occurs, researchers want to show the parenting patterns used by mothers who perform two roles between a career outside the home and taking care of children in this case, which is seen how the mother educates in instilling Islamic religious values in children and is also assisted by a review of relevant literature. Data collection techniques carried out using interviews with relevant informants, interviews aim to get in-depth information. Based on the results of interviews in parenting career mothers teach Islamic religious values with a strategy of persuading and advising children according to what parents want to teach children and children must obey their parents' orders, this description of democratic parenting although different ways of implementing it still packs it in the important points of democratic parenting.

SINGLE MOM'S PARENTING PATTERN IN FORMING CHILDREN'S INDEPENDENCE AND THE ENVIRONMENT

The pattern of single mother parenting has a difference with a family that is still intact, which of course will affect the development of children's independence. The purpose of the research is to explore the parenting patterns carried out by single parents, the obstacles faced by single parents in forming child independence, the efforts of single parents in fulfilling the rights of children and their environment, as well as parenting tips for single parents. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this study are two single mothers who have children aged 5-6 years. Data collection techniques by observation, interviews and documentation. The research analysis uses interactive model analysis. The results of the study show that the parenting style provided by single mothers in shaping children's independence is a single parent parenting practice that applies a democratic parenting style, and a permissive parenting style. Children raised with democratic parenting have high independence while children raised with authoritarian parenting have less independence. Children's independence is also influenced by several factors, namely parental education, economy, employment, environment and religion in fulfilling children's rights is to build a good and harmonious relationship with children.

The influence of dark triad-specific personality traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy) on parenting styles, and parental competence in raising and educating children

This study aims to determine the existence of an association between the Dark Triad personality traits, parental competence, and parental styles. The parentsʼ personality traits, particularly those of the Dark Triad, may serve as predictors of the child's level of development, educational path choices, academic outcomes, well-being, and overall development. It is of utmost importance to identify these traits to better understand the parents’ behaviour and the potential harm the parent's strategies may inflict on the child. The Dark Triad-specific personality traits can lead to authoritarian, selfish, lacking empathy, and even manipulative behaviors that can significantly and negatively impact a child's life. The research sample includes 609 respondents who fulfil the role of parent. The results revealed that parents' Machiavellian personality traits may be associated with an authoritarian or permissive parenting style, but not with a democratic parenting style. Also, the level of parental competence varies depending on the background of the parents and may be influenced by their psychopathic personality traits.

학령기 아동의 부모애착 및 부모의 민주적 양육행동과 초기 청소년기 학교적응 간의 관계에서 집행기능곤란의 매개효과

Objective: This study was conducted to verify the mediating effect of executive function difficulties in the relationship between school adaption in early adolescence and children’s parental attachment and democratic parenting behavior in school-age. Methods: Data of 9-year-olds from the 11th (2018) to 12-year-olds from the 14th (2021) Panel Study on Korean Children were used to extract variable data that fit the purpose of this study. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS 21.0, and AMOS 21.0 was used to analyze correlation, structural equation modeling, and mediating effects through bootstrapping to verify the research hypothesis model. Results: First, school-age children’s attachment to their parents had a direct positive effect on school adaptation in early adolescence, but parents’ democratic parenting behavior did not. Second, executive function fully mediated the relationship between democratic parenting behavior and school adaptation, and partially mediated the effect of parental attachment on school adaption. Conclusion: Executive function, secure parental attachment, and democratic parenting behavior in school-age children tended to reduce executive function difficulties in early adolescence. These results are discussed in terms of need to develop parent education programs to increase attachment to parents and teach desirable parenting behaviors. Also discussed to provide continuous and systematic guidance and education on the importance of executive function to parents.

“There Is Only One Childhood”: A New Interpretation of China’s “Crackdown” on Education Companies

In recent years, the Chinese government has implemented a series of dramatic crackdowns on various business sectors in China, one of which, beginning in July 2021, targeted the private tutoring industry. This article offers a new interpretation of this crackdown on private education companies, arguing that it is part of a new comprehensive education policy called the “Double Reduction” (DR) policy. Although the policy’s main goal has been to reduce students’ educational burden, this article also links the policy to China’s core objective of advancing indigenous innovation to enable national rejuvenation. The analysis of the DR policy also reveals two contradictions that currently characterize China’s educational path: first, the contradiction inherent in the authoritarian and paternalistic state using tough measures to enforce parental compliance with policies aimed at fostering more democratic parenting styles; and second, the contradiction inherent in policies aimed at fostering happy childhoods for the purposes of global competitiveness.

Studi Deskriptif Gambaran Pola Asuh Pada Pelaku Pedophilia

Sexual violence is a phenomenon that often occurs in the world and in Indonesia. Data showed that victims of sexual crimes are dominated by the 13-17 age group, while perpetrators are dominated by the 25-44 age group. In this case, adults who commit sexual crimes against children are called pedophiles. This study aims to determine the type of parenting that is most highly applied to pedophilia perpetrators. This research uses descriptive quantitative methods. The research was conducted on inmates of correctional institutions with child protection cases. The results showed that the subjects in this study received permissive and authoritarian parenting types in the high category, while democratic parenting was in the low category. It can be concluded that permissive and authoritarian parenting are the types of parenting most often applied to pedophilia offenders.

Communication patterns in Javanese families to build family resilience in the digital era

This study aims to find communication patterns in Javanese families to build family resilience in the digital era. This study used qualitative research methods of phenomenological studies. The subjects in the study were determined through purposive sampling, namely 5 families in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The collection of research data uses in-depth interviews and observations, while data analysis is through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. The results of this study are as follows: Communication patterns for Javanese families in the digital era through a) parents as role models through setting examples in increasing spirituality and positive habituation, parents need to have responsive Digital skills. Family resilience patterns in childcare in the digital era need to be built by: a) building humanist dialogue, respecting each other, listening and responding to each other, making comfortable not depressed and afraid in the process then this is a process that can be developed in families in the digital age. b) democratic-contextual, in facing challenges and crises in the family, parents also need to develop a democratic parenting style that suits the needs of each child.

The Influence of Parenting Democratic Parenting and Self-Efficacy on Interest in Learning Through Emotional Intelligence in 2nd Grade Students of Eskola Secundaria Geral "99" Atauro Timor Leste

This study aims to explore the impact of democratic parenting styles and self-efficacy on students' learning interest through emotional intelligence as a mediating variable at Eskola Secundaria Geral "99" Atauro, Timor Leste. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, involving all second-grade students as the sample using total sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires measuring democratic parenting styles, self-efficacy, emotional intelligence, and learning interest. Data analysis was performed using path analysis with JASP version 19.0, including validity, reliability, and normality tests to ensure data quality. The findings indicate that democratic parenting styles have a positive and significant effect on students' emotional intelligence. Self-efficacy also has a positive and significant effect on emotional intelligence. Furthermore, both democratic parenting styles and self-efficacy directly influence students' learning interest, while emotional intelligence positively and significantly affects learning interest. However, emotional intelligence does not serve as a significant mediating variable in the relationship between democratic parenting styles and learning interest, nor does it mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and learning interest. These findings suggest that democratic parenting styles and self-efficacy have a direct impact on students' learning interest, while emotional intelligence plays a role in enhancing learning interest without acting as a mediator.

Parenting Patterns and Child Behavior

This study aims to compare the parenting patterns of single and full parents and their impact on child behavior in Sementara, Pantai Cermin Sub-district, Serdang Bedagai Regency, Indonesia. Parenting plays a crucial role in shaping a child's personality and future. Based on Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory, the home environment, especially parental parenting, has the greatest influence on child development. This study focuses on three parenting styles: authoritarian, democratic, and permissive. Authoritarian parenting is characterized by strict rules and limited freedom, while democratic parenting prioritizes the child's interests and involves discussions between parents and children. Permissive parenting provides loose supervision and unrestricted freedom for children to behave and act as they wish. Previous studies have shown that single mothers tend to apply authoritarian parenting, resulting in spoiled children with difficulty interacting, while single fathers tend to apply permissive parenting, leading to more independent children who are easier to make friends. Additionally, authoritarian, democratic, and permissive parenting styles have been associated with aggressive behavior in children, obtained through social learning. Democratic parenting has been found to increase children's motivation and achievement at school, while authoritarian parenting inhibits children's socialization skills. This study provides important insights into the impact of parenting patterns on child behavior in the context of single and full parents in Sementara, Indonesia.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak Pra Sekolah di PAUD Surya Ceria Aisyiyah Kabupaten Karanganyar

The preschool period is an important period in a child's development, because not all children can go through a period of optimal growth and development. World Health Organization (WHO) 2019, reported that 5-25% of preschool age children experience emotional development disorders with a child population of 23,979,000. Parental parenting patterns really help children achieve normal growth and development according to their age level. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between parental parenting patterns and the social emotional development of preschool children at PAUD Surya Ceria Aisyiyah Karanganyar. This research method is correlational analytical with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study was 60 people with sampling using the total sampling technique. The results showed that the majority of mothers implemented democratic parenting as many as 48 (80.0%) and the majority of preschool children had very good social emotional development as many as 44 (73.3%). ) preschool children. The data was processed using the chis square test with a value of r value = 0.00 so it can be interpreted that there is a relationship between parenting patterns and the social emotional development of preschool children. Conclusion: Each parent has a different parenting style and each parenting pattern can shape the child's social emotional development differently.

PERAN TNI ANGKATAN DARAT DALAM MEMBANGUN KETAHANAN KELUARGA (STUDI KASUS PERUMAHAN SOKOWATEN SOROWAJAN BARU BANGUNTAPAN BANTUL YOGYAKARTA)

Every individual is no exception in the household life of TNI members, that is they can build a harmonies family if they properly understand the role of each member of the family in the midst of their busy lives as civil servants and other profession, which is not an obstacle to running away from their role. What must be done for the resilience of a family. Families or individuals who are able to survive all existing conditions have the opportunity to have strong family resilience. The research method used is qualitative-descriptive, with data collection techniques in three ways, namely observation, interviews, and documentation. The result of this paper is more or less the discovery of several important roles played by the TNI AD and his wife in building household resilience, namely: 1. Good communication between husband and wife. 2. Share roles. 3. Mutual trust. 4. Vacation together or spending time with family. 5. Good communication with extended family and with in-laws. 6. Cultivate a sense of responsibility to children, especially to boys. 7. Applying authoritarian and democratic parenting. 8. Changing the role of the husband. 9. Take the wife wherever the husband is on duty. 10. Accompany my husband wherever he changes his job. With this, it is hoped that the TNI AD family will pay more attention to their role as family members so that they can build family resilience to build national resilience.

Pesantren Parenting as A Solution To Students' Moral Degradation (A Systematic Literature Review)

Education is actually not only a place for transferring knowledge, but also instilling positive personality values. So that education becomes a solution in answering the problem of moral degradation and various cases related to the morals of students. Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) as the oldest educational institution in Indonesia has curriculum autonomy and the implementation of education is not only centered on knowledge, but also prioritizes the religious values and morals of students. This study aims to determine the effect of boarding schools as a solution to the problem of moral degradation. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, with the research data in the form of 25 studies related to the role of Islamic boarding school parenting on the formation of morals for students. There are various methods of parenting applied by Islamic Boarding Schools, namely authoritarian parenting, democratic parenting, or a combination of both. The parenting provided starts from the transfer of knowledge, habituation of daily worship, personal advice, and the role of guardians as role models for students. The results of the analysis of the research data indicate that all studies are effective in shaping the positive character of students so that this parenting style can be a solution to the problem of students' moral degradation.

Exploring Religiosity as Mediator of The Association Between Democratic Parenting, Peer Support, and Self-Concept Among Adolescent Moral Literacy

This study aims to examine the influence of democratic parenting, peer support, and self-concept on moral literacy through the mediator of religiosity in adolescents. By using a quantitative approach, data collection methods through scale techniques, namely: moral literacy scale, religiosity scale, democratic parenting scale, peer support scale, and self-concept scale. The sampling technique was based on purposive sampling, the research respondents totaled 688. Data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of the AMOS software computer program. The results showed: that (1) Democratic parenting, peer support, and self-concept have a positive and significant effect on religiosity. (2) Democratic Parenting, Peer Support, and Self-Concept have a positive and significant effect on Moral Literacy. Likewise, Religiosity has a positive and significant effect on Moral Literacy. Thus the researcher's hypothesis is accepted that religiosity is the right mediator to be able to improve adolescent moral literacy which is influenced by the 3 variables tested. This study recommends parents' attention to increasing adolescent religiosity in addition to choosing to use democratic parenting for adolescents to develop adolescent moral literacy.

The Relationship Between Parenting Styles and Self-Harm Behavior in Adolescents

Individuals are required to be able to adapt to the many changes that occur during adolescence, so support from the family is needed to deal with these changes. Normal development in this period of turmoil with rapid physical, cognitive and emotional transformations is influenced by parental interest and emotional involvement as well as parenting styles that determine the overall climate and communication in the family. Parents apply different parenting styles, ranging from authoritarian, democratic and permissive parenting. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting patterns in adolescents and self-harm behavior in adolescents. This study was an analytic study with a case control design. The sample was 42 students of SMPN 1 Plaosan and their parents using a total population technique for the case group and a simple random sampling technique for control group. The independent variable was parenting style, the dependent variable was self harm behavior in adolescents. The instrument in this study used a questionnaire. To analyze the correlation used chi square test was used with α 0.05. The research results showed that most parents provided an authoritarian parenting style in the case group and some parents provided a democratic parenting style in the control group. The chi square test results obtained p = 0.00 (p = <0.05). The conclusion in this study is that there is a correlation between parenting patterns and self-harm behavior in adolescents. It is recommended that parents provide democratic parenting patterns for their children.

Adolescent Empathy Concerning Parenting Style and Peer Social Support Based on Gender Differences

Empathy is crucial for individuals to interact well with others, but it has been declining among teenagers. This decline has led to increased bullying and antisocial behavior. This study aims to look at empathy in adolescents in terms of parenting, peer social support, and gender. This study involved 176 samples using a cluster random sampling technique, which used all 11th-grade students of SMA 11 Jambi City. The research is a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression tests and using independent sample T-tests to compare empathy based on gender. The results showed that authoritarian parenting affects empathy by 0.8%, then democratic parenting affects empathy by 5.8%, permissive parenting affects empathy by 4.7%, ending peer social support affects empathy by 27.9%, and overall parenting and peer social support affect empathy by 71.9%. A comparison of empathy by gender found that women are higher than men, with a mean difference of 1.43 and a significance of 0.005, which indicates a significant difference. The novelty of this study is that this study looks at how gender differences also affect adolescent empathy so that it can optimise parents in parenting and how a good peer environment for adolescents in an effort to foster empathy within themselves.

Navigating Democratic Parenting Patterns in Parenting in the Digital Era

The rapid advancement of technology and access to information in the digital age has greatly impacted children, known as the digital native generation. While technology offers easy access to information and educational tools, it also presents risks such as internet addiction and exposure to harmful content. The family, especially parents, plays a crucial role in shaping children's character. Parents need to teach, guide, and protect children from the negative impacts of technology. This article delves into the concept of democratic parenting, which is considered effective in addressing these challenges. In this approach, there is an emphasis on two-way communication, allowing both parents and children to express their opinions. It focuses on setting realistic boundaries, balanced supervision, and responsible development of digital skills. This parenting style helps children learn to manage their screen time and develop healthy digital habits. Additionally, children are taught to think critically, respect diverse opinions, and become independent. Parents should familiarize themselves with their children's technology, set time limits for using digital devices, choose safe and educational content, and actively engage in their children's digital activities. With the right guidance, children can utilize technology for positive self-development, tackle technological challenges, and grow into responsible, critical, and adaptable individuals.