Definition Of Resilience Research Articles

“And the Ones that Survived had Hope”: Resilience in Holocaust Survivors

The current study uses a strengths-based lens to explore the resilience narratives of five Holocaust survivors and their perspectives on experiences of resilience during and after the Holocaust. UsingInterpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), transcripts of one to one and a half hour interviews were analyzed by a team of three researchers. Overarching emergent themes included: Definition of Resilience, Adversities, Attitude After Overcoming Adversity, Method of Resilience, Adhering to Cultural Values, and Beliefs About Others’ Experience of Resilience. Subthemes and tertiary categories also evolved and are discussed. Findings are interpreted with the acknowledgement of systemic oppression and overcoming, including participants’ development critical consciousness (Freire, 1975/2000). Implications for current societal circumstances and issues are discussed.

Reconsidering the Conceptualization of Resilience: The Experiences of Refugee and Immigrant Youth in Montreal.

Over the last two decades, immigrant and refugee integration service agencies in Canada have been incorporating a focus on resiliency in their work and hold "fostering resilience" as a primary goal of services. These agencies focus on helping their clients enhance resilience in response to their integration challenges. Refugee and immigrant youth (RIY) face intersectional vulnerabilities during their resettlement process. These challenges make the concept of resilience vital to their success. However, resettlement service providers associate RIY's resilience with their assimilation into the Western culture such as integrating into the dominant culture. This definition is insensitive to cultural and social factors that contextualize RIY's definition of resilience. Drawing from in-depth interviews of Refugees and Immigrant youths in Montreal, and using Resilience as a conceptual framework, the research study investigated the barriers to the integration of RIY and their conceptualization of resilience. The study found social isolation, cultural differences between the host and home communities, racism, hostility, aggression, and language to be barriers to RIY's integration. The youth conceptualized resilience as a form of adaptability to any situation; as the ability to integrate into a new society while remaining deeply rooted in one's culture and past experiences; and overcoming marginalization. The paper contributes to a nuanced critical understanding in the field of refugee and migration studies and further throws light on a growing triangular interrelationship between social and economic integration of refugees, cultural factors of host communities, and resilience.

Aspects of Design in Low Voltage Resilient Grids—Focus on Battery Sizing and U Level Control with P Regulation in Microgrids of Energy Communities

Energy communities and their resiliency are both relatively new subjects of interest that need deeper analysis. The concepts are emerging in the current trend of energy decarbonization, combined with unpredictable external factors, such as extreme weather, or nearby conflicts, such as wars. To be resilient against electrical network supply outages or heavy blackouts, energy communities need appropriate design of their electrical microgrids to maintain an acceptable level of activity in both normal and critical situations. The paper deals with aspects of the design of the electrical network used by energy communities, seen as microgrids designed to offer an acceptable level of safe operation and energy resilience. While electrical network resilience covers both the public network (main grid) and local microgrid of an energy community, the paper focuses on the safe operation and resilience related to the local microgrid as a distinct goal from the one of preserving the main grid’s functionality. The first section considers definitions of energy resilience and some of the existing preoccupations on the subject. A second section of the paper presents different aspects of the design of a microgrid, with the purpose of increasing its safety in operation and energy community resilience. The section addresses electrical network architectures, multiple roles of storage resources related to prosumers and to islanded microgrids with high-RES penetration, and other aspects such as the impact of electrification of heating through, e.g., heat pumps. The next sections present selected use cases, which develop some of these design aspects by using typical real data for the analysis and assessing solutions to address resilient microgrid challenges. The selected use cases consider simplified approaches for real-time and short-term storage needs and operational use in microgrids, maintaining voltage levels in a high-RES scenario by using battery P control, and optimization of storage resources to cope with the needs. Conclusions are given in a final section, which also presents future work for a presumed continuation with other use cases related to storage means, safe operation, and resilient design of energy communities microgrids.

“You come up from the ashes, and you’re like a phoenix.” Survivors of sex trafficking define resilience

The study of resilience has largely relied on definitions and conceptualizations of resilience produced by academia, with little of the knowledge produced being grounded in the experience and perspectives of those outside academia. The voices of marginalized and stressed populations are particularly rarely integrated into sanctioned institutional discourses of knowledge, reproducing inequality where these institutions have influence. Specifically, little research has explored the ways in which survivors of sex trafficking define and conceptualize resilience. Thus, academic inquiry into survivor resilience may risk missing what is important to survivors themselves regarding the issue. Using thematic analysis, this study explored survivors’ responses to the question “What does ‘resilience’ mean to you?”, which resulted in five themes: resilience as (1) resistance, (2) transition, (3) a sustained force over time, (4) transformation, and (5) resources. Participants defined resilience as being primarily a person-centered phenomenon, rather than a process-centered phenomenon, that was the output of their inherent and enduring personal power to survive or overcome and adversity, and to shape their lives in preferred ways despite adversity. Differing from academic definitions of resilience in several significant ways, participants conceptualized resilience as being promoted by external resources and opportunities but existent even in the absence of such resource and opportunities. Findings suggest that for resilience inquiry to resonate with survivors, it must first acknowledge the inherent power of survivors.

AAGP Session to Highlight Research on Resilience, Emotional Well-Being in Aging

AAGP Session to Highlight Research on Resilience, Emotional Well-Being in Aging

Supply Chain Resilience in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Qualitative Analysis from Scholarly and Managerial Perspectives

This paper aims to collect evidence from Global Supply Chains (SCs) actors in the pharmaceutical sector to understand how they define a resilient supply chain and what are the main resilience elements useful to measure the degree of resilience of a supply chain considering the lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic period. In doing so, our purpose is to make a comparison between the two categories and uncover on which supply chain resilience-related topics there is agreement or not. Through a qualitative research design, a two-round focus group was conducted with supply chain players that represent different nodes along the chain (e.g., as for supplier, manufacturers, service providers, CMO). Key findings, related to the conducted discussions among the focus group, show how managers appreciate and agree comprehensive supply chain resilience definitions provided by extant literature. Nonetheless, although there is a general agreement on some recent definitions, managers asserted that some key resilience elements are currently missing in those definitions, regarding human resources and technology roles in enhancing the resilience of supply chains. In addition, supply chain resilience elements considered most important by managers of the pharmaceutical supply chain are adaptability, flexibility, agility, and collaboration.

Conceptualizing social resilience in the context of migrants’ lived experiences

The current concept of social resilience, which developed from the classic definition of resilience, neglects social resilience as a social phenomenon including social experiences and practices in the face of change and adversity. I argue that framing social resilience as a capacity or ability undermines its characteristics as a complex and contextualized social phenomenon that contributes to adaptive and transformative abilities in the context of migrants' lived experiences. In this article, I present a social constructionist approach to conceptualizesocial resilience. From a life course perspective, I emphasize on migrants' lived experiences. In this context, I describe status, network, support, and visibility as four institutionally embedded dimensions of social resilience that interconnect environmental factors to impact social experiences and practices. Social resilience is a phenomenon characterized by migrants' lived experiences marked by uncertainty and turning points embodied in the host country's political, economic, cultural, and social contexts.

Resilience trajectories and links with childhood maltreatment in adolescence: a latent growth modeling approach

BackgroundThe current definitions of resilience can be addressed as a process, an outcome, or a trait. Empirical studies should be carried out to determine the most appropriate definition for it. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to investigate changes in adolescents’ resilience over two years and explore the links between resilience and different forms of child maltreatment.MethodsThe three-wave longitudinal study “Stress and resilience in adolescence” (STAR-A) sample was comprised of a general school-based sample of Lithuanian adolescents [baseline N = 1295, 56.7% females; M(SD)age = 14.24 (1.26)]. Resilience was measured using the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14), lifetime exposure to maltreatment was measured at wave 1 using a questionnaire developed by the Norwegian Center for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies (NKVTS), risk of psychopathology—using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The changes in resilience scores over the period of two years were investigated using the latent growth modeling approach.ResultsThe analyses revealed two classes of resilience—stable higher and stable lower. We found that experience of at least one form of abuse was significantly more prevalent in the lower resilience group in comparison to the higher resilience group. Also, adolescents with lower resilience had a higher probability of psychopathology.ConclusionsThis study provided meaningful insights into the stability of resilience over time in adolescence and its relation to various types of child maltreatment. Experiences of maltreatment, as well as risk for psychopathology, were linked to lower resilience in adolescence.

Unconventional Resilience: A Strategic Framework.

This will be the second in a series of nine articles in which we discuss findings from our ethnographic study entitled "The Impact of Catastrophic Injury Exposure on Resilience in Special Operations Surgical Teams." Our goal in this article is to establish the practical importance of redefining resilience within a strategic framework. Our bottom-up approach to strategy development explores unconventional resilience as an integrated transformational process that promotes change-agency through the force of movement. Synthesis of empirical data derived from participant interviews and focus groups highlights conceptual attributes that make up the essential components of this framework. To achieve our goal, the authors (1) briefly remind readers how we have problematized conventional resilience; (2) explain how we analyzed qualitative quotes to extrapolate our definition of unconventional resilience; and (3) describe in detail our strategic framework. We conclude by gesturing to why this strategic framework is applicable to practical performance of all Special Operation Forces (SOF) medics.

Sustainability of Resilient Transport System

This article represents an additional contribution to our research on transport resilience. Our project's purpose is to create a methodological procedure for transport resilience measurement. In our previous work, we identified four core areas of measurement. These areas are adaptability, absorption (robustness), human factors and recovery, and the fourth one – sustainability. As an objective of this paper, we are going to describe the relationship between this last area and transport resilience. Such knowledge is needed so that we can better understand what parts of sustainability can affect the level of resilience and how to approach the identification of resilience indicators within sustainability. Hence, we divided sustainability into four dimensions. In each of them, we explained what aim of transport sustainability might be achieved and what risk can be mitigated by various elements of the given sustainability dimension. We have included the definition of transport resilience and an explanation for all its partial aims in the introduction and second part of this paper.

Designing resilient military logistics with additive manufacturing

PurposeIn this study, the authors explore how novel and relevant technologies can change the overall design of systems, and which factors influence the design of resilient systems in particular. After evaluating the effects of these factors, the authors describe the potential role of AM-supported maintenance operations in military logistics and draw broader conclusions regarding designing for resilience.Design/methodology/approachThe authors build a simulation model of the AM-supported maintenance capability of a mechanised battalion to analyse factors affecting its resilience. AM production capacity specifically refers to metal printing and was verified by data generated from 3D printing of the actual APC parts.FindingsThe current AM speed is not able to increase resilience at the depot level, so at present, increasing the spare parts inventory is a better way to improve resilience. However, with future improvements in speed the AM may become feasible in battlefield maintenance.Practical implicationsAM holds great promise in increasing resilience of especially the spare part logistics. At present technology, it is not yet fully realised in the case.Originality/valueThe authors suggest a concrete system performance measure, where reaching a concrete limit, system resilience is lost. The authors present arguments for a definition of resilience where pre-disruption activities are not part of resilience. The authors maintain that simulation, with its ability to include detail, is well-suited in design-for-resilience because supply chains are context dependent and disruptions unexpected.

The financial, legal and political foundations of industrial resilience

PurposeThis paper is motivated by the gap between the extensive academic discussion of industrial resilience and the limited resilience observed in response to large disruptions. Its purpose is to investigate the relationship between the industrial resilience of manufacturing and service operations and the resilience of the supporting financial, legal and political systems. This research identifies the impact of high or low levels of resilience in these supporting systems on the ability of industrial operations to perform as required in disrupted environments.Design/methodology/approachThe authors combine a multi-disciplinary literature review with empirical data from four exploratory case studies. First, the authors review the literature on resilience in the fields of operations management, finance, law and political science to bring the terminology and concepts of these fields closer together. This review also defines the independent variables of the study: financial, legal and political resilience. Second, the authors use the framework from the literature to analyse data from four case studies of operations in difference contexts and sectors.FindingsIndustrial resilience is interdisciplinary, nuanced and complex. High levels of industrial resilience require high levels of financial, legal and political resilience. However, the activities required to improve the resilience of these supporting systems are often outside the locus of control of operations managers. Multiple perspectives on resilience must be coordinated to strengthen the response of industrial operations to large disruptions.Research limitations/implicationsAs a conceptual and exploratory study, this paper does not utilise quantitative data or in-depth case studies. The authors demonstrate the importance of an interdisciplinary perspective on industrial resilience and provide a theoretical framework that can serve as a foundation to further studies of resilience. The review of the literature provides a glossary of definitions of resilience that improves clarity in this disparate field.Practical implicationsManagers can apply the findings of this work to start cross-functional discussions in their firms that recognise the multiple dimensions of industrial resilience and improve the resilience of the supporting systems. The exploratory case studies provide concrete guidance for how managers in the fields of humanitarian and development operations, healthcare and manufacturing can improve industrial resilience by considering the interaction with the supporting financial, legal and political systems.Originality/valueThis study is the first to provide detailed conceptual discussion and empirical evidence for the interdisciplinary nature of industrial resilience in the context of public sector and non-governmental organisations. Combining evidence from different contexts and sectors demonstrates the broad industrial value of this work.

Profiling resilience: A latent profile analysis of German nurses' coping and resilience.

Because of the shortage of nurses, it becomes crucial for organizations and health systems to keep nurses in their workforce. As individual resilience is positively associated with organizational commitment and negatively with mental disorders, it may reduce nurses' intention to leave the profession. Thus, individual resilience gained attention in research. Nevertheless, there is no common conceptualization of individual resilience in the literature. Rather, three prevalent understandings exist. Due to these multiple understandings, the role of coping in the context of resilience remains unclear. Against this background, the aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between nurses' resilience and coping based on a person-centered approach. This study presents a latent profile analysis based on a survey of 210 German nurses. The profiles were generated based on the Brief Resilience Scale and Brief COPE. The Perceived Workload of Nurses' Scale and sociodemographic data were considered as explanatory factors using nominal logistic regression. Further, the relation with possible consequences was tested by χ²-test using the Irritation Scale and KUT Commitment Measure. The study identifies four different profiles of coping and resilience. The profiles "resistant" and "social-active" show rather low irritations and high organizational commitment. The "passive" profile has lower irritation scores than the "solitary" profile does, but the "passive" profile is associated with more irritation than the "resistant" or the "social-active" profile. Whereas the other profiles include characteristics of resilience, the "solitary" profile has a vulnerable nature. The analysis shows that more coordination and information problems, higher age, and not being in a leadership role are associated with a higher probability of belonging to the "solitary" profile. The chance of belonging to the "solitary" profile is significantly higher for women than for men, whereas women have a significantly lower chance of belonging to the "resistant" profile, compared to men. The analysis shows that the three prevalent understandings of resilience are appropriate but it also indicates that future scientific debate requires more precision in defining individual resilience. The study contributes to sharpening the definition of resilience as well as to understanding the link between coping and resilience.

A novel urban seismic resilience assessment method considering the weighting of post-earthquake loss and recovery time

Earthquakes impose substantial threats to the built environment of urban communities. To reduce the catastrophic consequences of earthquakes, there is an urgent need to build seismic resilient cites that can better resist seismic damage and enable a rapid post-disaster recovery. This paper gives the definition of urban seismic resilience, and establishes a seismic resilience assessment indicator system for urban built environment that integrates engineering systems, non-engineering systems and secondary disaster risk. A novel urban seismic resilience assessment method based on post-earthquake loss and recovery time is then developed to assess engineering system seismic resilience. Post-earthquake loss is divided into casualties and functionality loss. Adjustment coefficients are applied to account for the effects of non-engineering systems and secondary disaster risks on urban seismic resilience. The analytical hierarchy process is employed to calculate the weights of individual engineering systems. In the end, a city located in southern China is taken as an example to illustrate the proposed method. The assessment results suggest that the urban seismic resilience grade is Ⅱ, which means that the city can effectively resist possible future earthquake disasters.

Longitudinal GWAS Identifies Novel Genetic Variants and Complex Traits Associated with Resilience to Alzheimer’s Disease

AbstractBackgroundWe completed a large genetic analysis of resilience to cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and discovered novel variants, genes, and complex traits associated with better‐than or worse‐than‐expected cognitive performance given an individual’s age, sex, and APOE genotype.MethodLeveraging 15,933 non‐Hispanic white participants across four longitudinal cohort studies of aging and AD (Figure 1), our group determined the effects of genetic variants on resilience metrics using mixed‐effects regressions. Models adjusted for age, sex, APOE ε4 allele count, presence of the APOE ε2 allele and all covariate interactions with interval (years from baseline). The outcomes of interest were residual cognitive resilience, quantified from residuals in three cognitive domains (memory, executive function, and language), and combined resilience, summarized as the covariance of educational attainment with residual cognitive resilience. Post‐GWAS analyses included gene tests using MAGMA and estimates of genetic correlation with 65 complex traits using GNOVA.ResultWe observed genome‐wide significant associations at multiple established AD loci, including BIN1 and CR1 (Figure 2). We observed a novel association with combined resilience on chromosome 13 (top SNP: rs11838654, MAF = 0.06, P = 4.7×10−8; Figure 3) and a novel signal on chromosome 1 approaching significance (top SNP: rs2817183, MAF = 0.41, P = 5.1×10−8). Interestingly, rs11838654 is an eQTL for four genes in hippocampus (WBP4, COG6, MRPS31, and NHLRC3I; Braineac database). We also observed an association with residual cognitive resilience on chromosome 5 that approached genome‐wide significance (top SNP: rs4482935, MAF = 0.25, P = 5.5×10−8; Figure 2). Gene‐level tests identified associations of CD2AP (P.fdr = 0.027) and ZNF146 (P.fdr = 0.049) with residual cognitive resilience and combined resilience, respectively. Additionally, we identified negative genetic correlations of combined resilience with ischemic stroke and coronary artery disease (all P.fdr<2.5×10−2; Figure 4).ConclusionCompared to models of resilience that regress out the effects of AD neuropathology on cognition, the present models benefit from larger sample size at the cost of molecular precision. Although the genetic architecture of resilience from these less precise models more closely resembles that of clinical AD, we uncovered novel genetic drivers of resilience through this approach. Such findings will require future replication but suggest a trajectory‐based definition of resilience holds substantial promise for discovery.

Damage resilience of manufactured and biological actuators

Designing resilient actuators is a challenge for industry, in part because an index for resilience has yet to be established. In this work, several definitions of resilience are analysed and, on the basis of this, an index quantifying resilience for actuators is proposed. This index does indeed allow for the resilience computation of a wide range of manufactured and biological actuators to be compared. The two manufactured actuators chosen as iconic models are a hydraulic cylinder and a bio-inspired McKibben muscle, and these are shown not to be resilient by design. In addition, two biological actuators likely to be resilient were also analysed. The pulvinus resilience index shows that it is partly resilient depending on damage location. But the most promising is the skeletal muscle, which has been shown to be highly resilient. Finally, the bio-inspired roots of resilience are discussed: resilience may originate from multi-scale structural design.

Феномен жизнестойкости в контексте гло- бальных вызовов современности

The modern world lives in the era of globalization. Problems arising in this process negatively affect the lives of individuals and the world community as a whole. In this regard, the search for answers to global challenges becomes urgent. The article demonstrates that a significant contribution to the understanding of global processes was made by the Club of Rome, an international organization that offered various solutions to world problems. However, it was not until the early 21st century that science came to the understanding that remedies to global crises should be sought in the sphere of human existence. Therefore, the author turned to the study of the phenomenon of human and social resilience as a possible response to the current global challenges. The article presents a detailed analysis of the phenomenon of personal resilience in existential philosophy and psychology, as well as identifies external and internal factors that determine the resilience of a person and society in global crises. It is shown that despite the wide range of definitions of individual resilience, there is no clarity as to what is meant by social resilience and how communities can develop such resilience in practice. Based on scientific research on this topic, it is concluded that the internal resource of communities is social ties and interaction that form their resilience in times of crisis. The results of this study can be used to find solutions to global challenges and ways to manage them.

The meaning of resilience in adulthood

The aim of this article is to present an extensive description of resilience in adulthood in the modern times. Taking into account resilience’s definition problems, the differences and similarities between the concepts of resilience and resiliency were taken into account. The article discusses a broad definition of resilience, referring to many scientific perspectives. The conclusion is drawn that resilience should be conceptualized as a dynamic process. The meta-analysis of the relationships between the factors indicates the presence of many factors directly and indirectly related to the resilience, but only some of them are characterized by strong scientific evidence.The article reviews the literature on the importance of selected factors of resilience, especially in the context of adulthood and contemporary challenges. In the presented considerations, the mental health topic in the period of SARS-CoV-2 virus and the consequences of the global COVID pandemic in the world-wide population context should claim our attention. The wide social-economic crisis experience, as well as the high level of anxiety level that comes along society, prompts us to continue searching for resources that will act as protective factors. The ongoing war In Ukraine is also not without significance, as it leaves its mark on the daily mental functioning of both, refugees, witnesses, and individuals, who provide selfless help.The article aims to discuss the importance of resilience in adulthood in the context of health, pointing to a negative relationship with negative mental health indicators, a positive relationship with positive mental health indicators, and a relationship between resilience and personality traits. In the considerations on resilience importance, the ability of emotional disengagement, patterns of physiological reactions and the comparison of resilience to the somatic immune system were discussed. The aim of this article is also to indicate the cognitive component, namely the cognitive resilience. In this regard, the relationship between immunity and cognitive functions was discussed on the basis of experimental studies.

Suicide resilience: A concept analysis.

ObjectiveSuicide resilience is gaining increasing attention from researchers because of its potential role in preventing suicide. However, it has not been clearly analyzed, and there are various meanings and terms regarding this issue. The purpose of this analysis, therefore, was to conceptualize the concept of suicide resilience.MethodsWalker and Avant's method of concept analysis was used to identify the antecedents, attributes, and consequences of suicide resilience. The literature was searched using PubMed, PsychINFO, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, and WanFang databases with no limitation on publication date. The search included peer-reviewed journal articles and dissertations related to suicide resilience published in English or Chinese.Results52 articles were identified to provide information for this concept analysis. Five defining attributes of suicide resilience were identified: social support, coping strategies, psychological capital, meaning in life, and sense of responsibility. Antecedents of suicide resilience were high suicide risk events, and consequences of suicide resilience were keeping vulnerable individuals stay away from or overcoming suicidality.ConclusionsThe result of the analysis provided a more clear definition of suicide resilience. The identified defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences can be further tested and used to develop potential interventions. Future research is needed and will help to advance our understanding of the scope.

The Mathematics of Catastrophe

A mathematical description of catastrophe in complex systems modeled as a network is presented with emphasis on network topology and its relationship to risk and resilience. We present mathematical formulas for computing risk, resilience, and likelihood of faults in nodes/links of network models of complex systems and illustrate the application of the formulas to simulation of catastrophic failure. This model is not related to nonlinear “Catastrophe theory” by René Thom, E.C. Zeeman and others. Instead, we present a strictly probabilistic network model for estimating risk and resilience—two useful metrics used in practice. We propose a mathematical model of exceedance probability, risk, and resilience and show that these properties depend wholly on vulnerability, consequence, and properties of the network representation of the complex system. We use simulation of the network under simulated stress causing one or more nodes/links to fail, to extract properties of risk and resilience. In this paper two types of stress are considered: viral cascades and flow cascades. One unified definition of risk, MPL, is proposed, and three kinds of resilience illustrated—viral cascading, blocking node/link, and flow resilience. The principal contributions of this work are new equations for risk and resilience and measures of resilience based on vulnerability of individual nodes/links and network topology expressed in terms of spectral radius, bushy, and branchy metrics. We apply the model to a variety of networks—hypothetical and real—and show that network topology needs to be included in any definition of network risk and resilience. In addition, we show how simulations can identify likely future faults due to viral and flow cascades. Simulations of this nature are useful to the practitioner.