Definition Of Pleasure Research Articles

Aristote : poursuivre et fuir

ARISTOTLE ON PURSUIT AND AVOIDANCE. Pleasure and pain play an essential role in Aristotle’s conception of the goal‑directed activities of animals and human beings, since they trigger the reactions of pursuit or avoidance, and hence the entire behavior. The present paper inquires into Aristotle’s analysis of this phenomenon on the basis of De Anima III , chapter 7 and De Motu Animalium, chapters 6‑7‑8. The crucial move in this analysis is the definition of pleasure and pain given in both treatises : “To feel pleasure or pain is to actualize through the sensitive mean towards what is good or bad, as such”. The paper examines the meaning of this definition and shows how it connects and agrees with the explanation of the principles of the physical motions of animals in the De Motu Animalium.

Le plaisir dans la cite platonicienne

This article aims at showing that the definition of pleasure in Plato’s dialogues cannot be separated from a political educational program and an anthropology that consider pleasure as the main vehicle towards virtue. The political use of pleasure is as important as its definition, insofar as its manifestation and content are the prerogatives of the legislator. All pleasures are politically meaningful in the Republic and in the Laws, and among them especially the triad hunger, thirst and sex ; in making pleasures a “public” issue, as pleasures are object of surveillance and political control, Plato gives several means in order to shape the way pleasures are felt in the city, and in order to make the community of pleasure and pain a fundamental role in unifying the city under the reason’s commands.

El goce como estrategia de construcción del cuerpo post sida

El presente artículo estudia la experiencia y la producción estética resultante de la enfermedad, partiendo de las definiciones de placer y goce de Roland Barthes; el neobarroco de Severo Sarduy; el erotismo de Georges Bataille, y el festejo o carnaval, de Mijail Bajtin. Para ello, se realiza un análisis de la erótica de la enfermedad desde dos estudios de caso (Robert Gober y Raúl García Sangrador), donde el arte recurre al fenómeno del sida para crear nuevos significados de la corporalidad actual. Se concluye que, a partir del goce, es posible definir la erótica de la enfermedad como un reto para el entendimiento del arte actual y un espacio de tensión en donde el sida se convierte en un fenómeno artístico-político.

The Power in Pleasure: Practical Implementation of Pleasure in Sex Education Classrooms

ABSTRACTPleasure is an important aspect of healthy sexual development. Moreover, public health researchers and feminist scholars suggest that pleasure-inclusive sex education is effective for reducing pregnancy and rates of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections and may create a more inclusive classroom environment for underserved individuals. Although scholars have called for the integration of pleasure into sexual health education, these theoretical suggestions have rarely translated into classroom practices. Educators often face myriad challenges in including positive messages about pleasure in sex education curricula. Resources are needed to make the inclusion of pleasure easier for educators. This article helps address this gap in two ways. The first part offers a new, holistic definition of pleasure, exposes deficits in current classroom practices, and explores how including pleasure may address many axes of inequality and enhance classroom experiences for diverse adolescents. The second part applies this understanding of pleasure to offer guidance for performing a curriculum analysis of pleasure deficits and then provides clear recommendations for how educators can fill those deficits by incorporating pleasure into their existing curricula. The analyses and resources presented here will, first, help educators better address the sexual health needs of students and, second, provide feminist academics with a new definition and theoretical approach to pleasure.

Defining Pleasure: A Focus Group Study of Solitary and Partnered Sexual Pleasure in Queer and Heterosexual Women.

Solitary and partnered sexuality are typically depicted as fundamentally similar, but empirical evidence suggests they differ in important ways. We investigated how women's definitions of sexual pleasure overlapped and diverged when considering solitary versus partnered sexuality. Based on an interdisciplinary literature, we explored whether solitary pleasure would be characterized by eroticism (e.g., genital pleasure, orgasm) and partnered pleasure by nurturance (e.g., closeness). Via focus groups with a sexually diverse sample of women aged 18-64 (N=73), we found that women defined solitary and partnered pleasure in both convergent and divergent ways that supported expectations. Autonomy was central to definitions of solitary pleasure, whereas trust, giving pleasure, and closeness were important elements of partnered pleasure. Both solitary and partnered pleasure involved exploration for self-discovery or for growing a partnered relationship. Definitions of pleasure were largely similar across age and sexual identity; however, relative to queer women, heterosexual women (especially younger heterosexual women) expressed greater ambivalence toward solitary masturbation and partnered orgasm. Results have implications for women's sexual well-being across multiple sexual identities and ages, and for understanding solitary and partnered sexuality as overlapping but distinct constructs.

Analysis of Pleasure in Ibn Sīnā

The focus of our research has been the definitions of pleasure in Ibn Sīnā’s philosophy. For that purpose we worked on identifying the principles upon which this issue has been built. In this context we made a comparison between intellectual pleasure and sensual pleasure. We came to the conclusion that the former is better than the latter. This in turn helped us make the distinction between the pleasure that occurs to us before the soul’s separation from the body and the other which is after the separation. Hence we were able to recognize that man cannot obtain real happiness in this world, tarnished with vice, or only a little. That little happiness is absolutely incomparable with real happiness which occurs only after the separation of the soul from the body.

Prazer e virtude segundo Aristóteles

O presente texto pretende examinar a relação estabelecida por Aristóteles entre prazer e virtude de modo a compreender a seguinte tese aristotélica: o virtuoso não age devido ao prazer, mas necessariamente com prazer. Esta tese será mais bem compreendida com a exposição que faremos da concepção aristotélica de prazer, tal qual elaborada pelo filósofo no segundo tratado do prazer de sua Ética Nicomaqueia. Como veremos, a definição do prazer como um fenômeno cuja existência e natureza dependem inteiramente da existência e natureza da atividade a qual pertence nos permite inferir que o juízo de valor que incide sobre a atividade é o critério de valoração moral do prazer, e não o contrário. Isso significa que o virtuoso julga qual seria a melhor atividade a ser realizada e não qual atividade lhe dará prazer. Com efeito, veremos que o virtuoso deseja realizar certa atividade por ela ser boa e não por ela ser prazerosa, ou seja, embora o prazer não seja a razão da ação, ele será a sua consequência inevitável.

Pleasure: ‘The Choice of Hercules’

In this article I contend that John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism has been widely misunderstood, and hence the importance of his philosophical project has been diminished. This misunderstanding arises primarily from misconceptions regarding Mill’s definition of pleasure. However, these misconceptions may be successfully resolved by reflecting on Mill’s educational roots and his commitment to Greco-Roman philosophy. In particular, I hold that a deeper understanding of Mill’s philosophical progenitors (i.e., Aristotle and Epicurus) would lead us to conclude that for Mill the “pleasures” of the Utilitarian project are in the final analysis nothing other than the “pleasures” of the mind and conscience. Thus, by following Mill’s line of reasoning and adhering to some of the salient points of his work, specifically in Chapter 2 of Utilitarianism, we may reach a richer and more nuanced understanding of his impressive philosophical project.

‘Sex, drugs and snowboarding’: (il)legitimate definitions of taste and lifestyle in a physical youth culture

This paper examines the hedonistic social interactions and lifestyles embraced by many contemporary physical youth cultural participants via the case of snowboarding. Drawing upon an array of primary and secondary sources collected over seven years, I present a three-part analysis of the hedonistic party lifestyle, alcohol and drug consumption (for both pleasure and performance), and the hyper-sexuality, at the core of the snowboarding culture. Engaging Bourdieu’s theory of distinction, and particularly his concepts of field, practice and taste, in dialogue with my empirical evidence, I reveal the definitions of pleasure and the hedonistic snowboarding lifestyle as highly contested. While many cultural participants are complicit to hierarchical and/or violent attempts to regulate the dominant tastes and practices within the snowboarding field, others are engaging in an array of symbolic and embodied struggles to (re)define meanings of ‘pleasure’ in the snowboarding lifestyle and après snow culture more broadly.

Pleasure as Unconstrained Movement in Renaissance Literary Aesthetics

In this essay I show that the pleasure provided by the poem as an imaginary landscape, as evidenced in rhetorical theory (Quintilian's analysis of varietas in Virgil's Georgics ), and in exemplary poems by Du Bellay ('Romae descriptio') and Ronsard ('Elegie a Louis Des Masures'), can be identified as that of unconstrained movement. Aristotle's definition of pleasure as unimpeded activity of our natural faculties in the Nicomachean Ethics captures the aesthetic attraction yielded by descriptive variety and links it to the ethical. Poussin's heroic landscape painting is an avatar of this neoclassical, humanist pleasure.

Plato’s Understanding of Pleasure in the Philebus

Plato's definition of pleasure as perceptible replenishment of a lack has been criticized as too narrow and incapable of accounting for some of the corporeal and all the non-corporeal pleasures. Plato's suggested reply, based on objective standards in relation to which we are to estimate the reality and degree of replenishment we experience, seems to give rise to another difficulty, concerning the legitimate diversity of our natural inclinations and tastes. I argue that Plato's definition of pleasure makes perfect sense when integrated in the horizon of his metaphysical presuppositions and that he is successful in reconciling the diversity of subjective tastes with his view of an ultimate objective hierarchy of value by appeal to the notion of the mean.