Definition Of Games Research Articles

A NEW DIGITAL ART GAME: THE ART OF THE FUTURE

The task of this study is to create an innovative digital art game of contemporary aesthetics on the basis of research. Research implies the analysis of digital art games and the historical background of their aesthetics, as well as their classification following the stylistic trends. Digital games have a great potential to integrate people into fields that would otherwise not meet their interest. The new game would develop the creative skills of players and teach them the current trends in digital art. The game would project the inheritance of art from the age of modernism into the digital world by teaching the player to recognize it (for instance, pixel aesthetics is a successor to cubism and constructivism). The new game will let its user play around with the trends in digital art such as vaporwave, glitch and others, and to create new ones. Thus, it would deal with the problem of knowledge cache and cultural segregation that characterizes modern art: being an esoteric subject to a great extent, it is difficult to access a large segment of the public. The aim of this study is to raise the interest of a wide-ranging public for contemporary art and to point out the newest creative tendencies in art. The paper presents an overview of digital art games, introduces a novel term, vaporwave, that has not been registered in the art game discourse so far, and offers an updated definition of the art game. The Design Science Research method is used in order to cross-cut such remote fields as the general public and the arthouse world, codes of modern art and the taste of the general public.

Using Game as an Educational Phenomenon in Foreign Language Education of Adults (Practical Instructions)

This review paper is dedicated to the learning game as an educational phenomenon in foreign language education of adults. Gamification becomes one of the main trends in language education not only of children but of adults as well. Game is a central subject of the author’s recent research works, including a monograph about game in foreign language education on the base of Russian language. In the article a general definition of game in language education is given. A conception regarding practical foreign language education with active use of game activities is generally presented. Using game in teaching process is active if it takes an average of 30% learning time. The author gives an explanation about relevance of this proportion. Useful practical instructions for using different game activities at elementary, intermediate and advanced levels of foreign language teaching to adults are presented. Game in the foreign language learning process is a real challenge to the intellect and emotions of adult students. Game activities stimulate not only speaking or writing skills but cognitive, creative, social and intercultural skills as well. The game is a valuable educational phenomenon which has to be actively used in foreign language education of adult students.

A Revised Definition of Games: An Analysis of Grasshopper Errors, Omissions, and Ambiguities

ABSTRACTIn this essay, I review Suits’ classic description of games and cite three kinds of problems—mischaracterizations, omissions, and ambiguities. I build on previous criticisms by myself and others leveled at his definition. However, in contrast to much of this previous work, I will present what I hope is an improved description. The latter part of the essay is devoted to defending this alternate characterization. I conclude by arguing that my revisionist work paradoxically both supports and undermines the merits of Suits’ anti-Wittgensteinian efforts to identify the necessary and sufficient conditions for games.

Formalism Conventionalized

ABSTRACTI argue that Bernard Suits’ definition of game playing, suitably extended with David Lewis’ account of coordinating conventions, is robust enough to withstand some common objections made against it. By adding this Lewisian account of how conventions function to pick out and adapt the rules of the game, I try to make good on D’Agostino’s comment that formalism can be salvaged by an account of the ethos of games, although not in the way that he himself does.

The Incompatibility of Games and Artworks

Recent debate has focused on whether videogames are art. Whatever the answer, the debate has largely taken it for granted that videogames are games, and that this is unproblematic for the art status of videogames. This paper argues that something being a game is incompatible with it also being an artwork, and thus insofar as videogames are games, they cannot be artworks. This incompatibility arises out of the different attitudes that are prescribed for engaging with games versus those for engaging with artworks. Citing a modified definition of games from Bernard Suits and commonly held conditions of artworks, I show that for an artist to intend something as a game or an artwork is to intend essential constitutive conditions of the object that preclude the object from being both a game and an artwork. This requires a reconsideration of several contemporary theories about games and art while also providing an analysis of games that calls for them to be appreciated as what they are without distracting miscategorization.

Octal games on graphs: The game 0.33 on subdivided stars and bistars

Octal games are a well-defined family of two-player games played on heaps of counters, in which the players remove alternately a certain number of counters from a heap, sometimes being allowed to split a heap into two nonempty heaps, until no counter can be removed anymore.We extend the definition of octal games to play them on graphs: heaps are replaced by connected components and counters by vertices. Thus, playing an octal game on a path Pn is equivalent to playing the same octal game on a heap of n counters.We study one of the simplest octal games, called 0.33, in which the players can remove one vertex or two adjacent vertices without disconnecting the graph. We study this game on trees and give a complete resolution of this game on subdivided stars and bistars.

Promoting cooperation by setting a ceiling payoff for defectors under three-strategy public good games

ABSTRACTThe puzzle of altruistic behaviours among multi-agent systems poses a dilemma, which has been an overlapping topic that covers many subjects. The public goods game can be regarded as a paradigm for modelling and exploring it. In the traditional definition of public goods game, the equally divided benefit among all participants leads to the dominance of defection. Much effort has been made to explain the evolution of cooperation, including the model in which the payoff ceilings for defectors are introduced. Further, we study a three-strategy evolutionary public goods game by providing the role of being loners. The payoff ceilings will take effect when the number of cooperators exceeds some threshold. Analysis results by following the replicator dynamics indicate that lower values of the payoff ceilings can better promote levels of public cooperation. Importantly, a remarkable cyclic route has been found: when receiving relative lower benefits, loners act as catalysts, helping the population to escape from mutual defection to cooperation. And, the stable equilibrium points from cooperation to isolation can be realised by improving the fixed payoffs of loners. Finally, broader ceilings also for cooperators provide us more hints about how to suppress the spreading of defectors under certain conditions.

On Dialogue Games and Graph Games

Dialogue games were introduced by Melliès as an attempt to unify two historical paradigms of game semantics: concrete data structures and arena games. The definition of dialogue games relies on the idea that a move m of an arena game can be decomposed as a pair m=(α,v) consisting of a cell α and of a value v. Consequently, a dialogue game is defined as a quadripartite forest whose nodes are separated into four classes: Opponent cells, Opponent values, Player cells, Player values. Although the translation from arena games to dialogue games is essentially immediate, the relationship between dialogue games and concrete data structures is more intricate. In order to clarify it, we study the relationship between dialogue games and graph games which were introduced by Hyland and Schalk to provide a graph-theoretic account of Berry and Curien's sequential algorithm model. We construct a fully faithful functor from a category of dialogue games to the category of graph games and conflict-free strategies. This leads us to an alternative definition of conflict-free strategies in graph games as balanced and bi-invariant strategies in dialogue games.

Budget-constrained multi-battle contests: A new perspective and analysis

In a multi-battle contest, each time a player competes by investing some of her budgets or resources in a component battle to collect a value if winning the battle. There are multiple battles to fight, and the budgets get consumed over time. The final winner in the overall contest is the one who first reaches some amount of total value. Examples include R & D races, sports competition, elections, and many more. A player needs to make adequate sequential actions to win the contest against dynamic competition over time from the others. We are interested in how much budgets the players would need and what actions they should take in order to perform well.We model and study such budget-constrained multi-battle contests where each component battle is a sequential first-price or all-pay auction. We focus on analyzing the 2-player budget ratio that guarantees a player's winning against the other omnipotent player. In the settings considered, we find the optimal budget ratios and the corresponding bidding strategies. Our definition of game, budget constraints, and emphasis on budget analyses provide a new perspective and analysis for multi-battle contests.

Video Games and Agency in Contemporary Society

In recent years, the idea of player control, or agency, has become central and explicit in certain video games and genres, affecting many debates concerning the study or definitions of video games. In spite of this, the notion of agency in video games has been rarely explicitly explored or defined in relation to its sociological and political dimensions. Hence, drawing on actor–network theory, (neo-)Foucauldian governmentality studies, and empirical data gathered over a 3-year period, this article expands to our understanding of video game player agency and, moreover, argues that video games provide an important example and perspective to consider the contemporary nature and political basis of agency.

Distributed Resource Scheduling Based on Potential Game in Dense Cellular Network

Based on a potential game model, a distributed resource scheduling scheme is proposed to coordinate severe interference in a dense cellular network. First, the subcarrier and power scheduling problem is modeled as a non-cooperative potential game. Then, individual utility and overall potential functions are proposed by considering attainable throughput and consumed power. According to the definition of the potential game, the difference in individual utilities caused by strategy changing has the same value as the difference in overall potential value, which guarantees that players can maximize respective utility without worsening system profit. Afterward, an iterative searching algorithm is designed to obtain optimal resource scheduling strategy. Theoretical analysis and simulation results both validate that the proposed scheduling scheme makes a performance improvement in spectral and resource efficiency. Meanwhile, the proposed scheme can also guarantee the quality of service by providing superior user signal to interference plus noise ratio.

Digital games in medical education:Key terms, concepts, and definitions

Introduction: Game-based education is fast becoming a key instrument in medical education. Method: In this study, papers related to games were filtered and limited to full-text peer-reviewed published in English. Results: To the best of researchers’ knowledge, the concepts used in the literature are varied and distinct, and the literature is not conclusive on the definition of educational games for medical education. Conclusion: This paper attempts to classify terms, concepts and definitions common to gamification in medical education.

The research of didactic games as means of development of cognitive and creative activity of younger schoolboys at labor lessons

The article elucidates the problem of development of cognitive and creative activity of young schoolboys in the process of labor study. The recent scientific investigations on the problem of using didactic games in learning-upbringing process of elementary school and their influence on creative development of a child were analyzed. The place and role of labor lessons in the development of cognitive and creative activity of young schoolchildren were determined. The content and features of the development of cognitive and creative activity of children at labor study by the means of didactic game were discovered. The specificity of using didactic games in the process of labor study was considered. The definition of didactic game at labor lessons is offered taking into account the analyzed modern concepts. As a result of experimental study the modern state of using didactic games at labor lessons in elementary school was analyzed. The results of interrogation of elementary school teachers were summarized. The attention was paid to the importance of using didactic games at the labor lessons in elementary school. The main pedagogical conditions of development of creative and cognitive activity of young schoolboys at labor lessons by the means of didactic games were separated: pedagogical stimulation of creative and cognitive activity of a child at labor lessons on the base of personally oriented character of interaction between teacher and pupils; guaranteeing of complex approach in didactic games use at labor lessons; guaranteeing of emotional-sensual comfort at labor lessons by the means of didactic games; intensification of motivational component of creative activity by using didactic games at labor lessons; guaranteeing of differential approach in using didactic games in the process of labor study in elementary school. The necessity of searching rational ways and distinct concretization of mechanism of using didactic games at labor study is emphasized. The pedagogical expedience of using didactic games at labor lessons is considered

Games, Learning and Engagement: What Teachers might learn from Games Designers

This paper explores the role of games in learning. Beginning with some carefully selected definitions of games, comparisons are drawn between the fields of games design and of learning and teaching, highlighting a parallel between games as designed experiences, and teaching as designed learning experiences. Games are seen as being highly engaging, which has led to a rise in the fields of Game Based Learning and Gamification. Ultimately when designing games, game based learning, gamified experiences or learning experiences engagement is a key factor. This leads to the study of human psychology and motivation including concepts of extrinsic versus intrinsic motivation (Pink, 2011), self-determination theory (Rigby & Ryan, 2010) and flow (Csikszentmihalyi, 1990).Keywords: Engagement, Motivation, Game Design

On game definitions

Wittgenstein did not claim that the ordinary language concept ‘game’ cannot be defined: he claimed that there are multiple definitions that can be adopted for special purposes, but no single definition applicable to all games. I will defend this interpretation of Wittgenstein’s position by showing its compatibility with a pragmatic argumentative view of definitions, and how this view accounts for the diversity of disagreeing game definitions in definitional disputes.

Specialization of a UCT-Based General Game Playing Program to Single-Player Games

General game playing (GGP) aims at designing autonomous agents capable of playing any game within a certain genre, without human intervention. GGP agents accept the rules, which are written in the logic-based game definition language (GDL) and unknown to them beforehand, at runtime. The state-of-the-art players use Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) together with the upper confidence bounds applied to trees (UCT) method. In this paper, we discuss several enhancements to GGP players geared towards more effective playing of single-player games within the MCTS/UCT framework. The main proposed improvements include introduction of a collection of lightweight policies which can be used for guiding the MCTS and a GGP-friendly way of using transposition tables. We have tested our base player and a specialized version of it for single-player games in a series of experiments using ten single-player games of various complexity. It is clear from the results that the optimized version of the player achieves significantly better performance. Furthermore, in the same set of tests against publicly available version of CadiaPlayer, one of the strongest GGP agents, the results are also favorable to the enhanced version of our player.

The Game Definition Game

In this article, over 60 definitions of games since the 1930s are reviewed in order to pinpoint what those definitions agree on and, more importantly, what they disagree on. This article is conceived of as a tool game scholars can use to better position themselves in regard to the concept of “game” by working out their answers to the 10 questions regarding game definition presented in here.

A New Definition of Extensive Games and its Implications

A New Definition of Extensive Games and its Implications

Entertaining the similarities and distinctions between serious games and virtual heritage projects

This article summarizes past definitions of entertainment, serious games and virtual heritage in order to discuss whether virtual heritage has particular problems not directly addressed by conventional serious games. For virtual heritage, typical game-style entertainment poses particular ethical problems, especially around the simulation of historic violence and the possible trivialization of culturally sensitive and significant material. While virtual heritage can be considered to share some features of serious games, there are significantly different emphases on objectives. Despite these distinctions, virtual heritage projects could still meet serious games-style objectives while entertaining participants.

The challenge of non-zero-sum stochastic games

For a broad definition of time-discrete stochastic games, their zero-sum varieties have values. But the existence of \(\epsilon \)-equilibrium for the corresponding non-zero-sum games has proven elusive. We present the problems associated with \(\epsilon \)-equilibria in non-zero-sum stochastic games, from both the perspectives of proving existence and demonstrating a counter-example.