Defensiveness Research Articles

Ego-defense mechanisms and brief psychotherapies for the management of major depressive disorder in adults: A longitudinal and quasi-experimental study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of psychotherapies on ego defense mechanisms and the reduction of depressive symptoms in a 12-month follow-up period. MethodsThis longitudinal and quasi-experimental study nested within a randomized clinical trial included a clinical sample of adults (18–60 years) diagnosed with major depressive disorder using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Two models of psychotherapy were used: Supportive Expressive Dynamic Psychotherapy (SEDP) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). Defense Style Questionnaire 40 was used to analyze defense mechanisms and the Beck Depression Inventory was used to measure the depressive symptoms. ResultsThe total sample comprised 195 patients (113 SEDP and 82 CBT), with the mean age was 35.63 (11.44) years. After adjustments, increased mature defenses was significantly associated with reduced depressive symptoms at all follow-up times (p < 0.001) and the decrease in immature defenses was significantly associated with the reduction of depressive symptoms at all follow-up times (p < 0.001). While neurotic defenses were not associated with a reduction in depressive symptoms at any time of follow-up (p > 0.05). ConclusionBoth models of psychotherapy were effective in increasing mature defenses and decreasing immature ones, as well as decreasing depressive symptoms at all evaluation times. With this, it is understood that a greater understanding of these interactions will allow a more adequate diagnostic and prognostic evaluation and the design of useful strategies that adapt to the patient's reality.

Subordinates’ silence: the consequence of bullying behaviour and psychological insecurity among policemen

PurposeThere has been a growing concern about employee silence (ES) within an organization. ES is associated with low creativity and innovativeness, unethical organizational practices, avoidable errors and safety-related issues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mediating role of psychological insecurity (PI) in the relationship between leaders’ bullying behaviour (LBB) on defensive (DES) and acquiescent employee silence (AES).Design/methodology/approachData were collected among police personnel working in Plateau state Nigeria. In all, a total of 350 responses were found useable for further analysis, of the 398 copies of the questionnaire administered. A structural equation modelling technique was used via SMART-PLS version 3.3.3 to test the hypothesized relationship.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed that leaders’ bullying positively and significantly influences both AES and DES, and PI was found to mediate the relationship between LBB and AES and DES.Originality/valueLBB among the police has been under-researched, even when there is clear evidence of its existence. PI explains the mechanism through which LBB influences officers' silence.

Love’s place in the spectrum of affect, one of 24 secondary emotions: implications for psychiatry

Love is defined and examined as an emotion, using the psychoevolutionary theory of emotions developed by Robert Plutchik and extended to social psychiatry by Henry Kellerman. This theory posits a fourfold ethogram, representing the valanced adaptive reactions to problems of life which define the eight primary emotions. The problem of identity is addressed by acceptance and disgust; temporality, by joy–happiness and sadness. Using a hierarchical classification system, love is defined as a secondary-level emotion, a mixture of joy and acceptance. Examination of the brain infrastructure of these emotions supports their interpretation as basic emotions. In romantic and other forms of love, there is a global acceptance–incorporation, of the other, together with the joy of sexual pair-bonding. This can rise to the level of a clinical disposition that is both histrionic and manic, akin to a Durkheimian collective effervescence. The emotions of acceptance and joy are in everyday life constrained by ego-defense mechanisms: acceptance is constrained by a more critical, less idealised, view of a potential love object; uninhibited joy of sexuality is defended against by sublimation, in which libidinal energy is deflected into an emphasis on correct and proper behaviour, and purposive and productive activities.

Multiple sclerosis and mental health related quality of life: The role of defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment.

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating chronic neurologic disease that can lead to disability and thus to deterioration of quality of life. Psychological parameters such as ego defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment are important factors in the adaptation process, and as such they can play important roles in QoL. This study aims to assess the psychological factors as well as the clinical and demographic characteristics related to mental health quality of life (MHQoL). This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 90 people with MS in the years 2018-2020. All participants completed the following questionnaires: MSQoL-54, DSQ-88, LSI, FES-R, SOC, BDI-II, STAI. Disability was assessed using EDSS. In multiple linear regression, significant roles were played by depression (R2: 41.1%, p: 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, the event of a relapse (R2: 3.5%, p: 0.005), expressiveness (R2: 3.6%, p < 0.05) and image distortion style (R2: 4.5%, p: 0.032). After performing a hierarchical-stepwise analysis (excluding depression), the important factors were maladaptive defense style (R2: 23.7%, p: 0.002), the event of relapse (R2: 8.1%, p < 0.001), expressiveness (R2: 5.5%, p: 0.004) and self-sacrificing defense style (R2: 2.4%, p: 0.071). Psychological factors play important roles in MHQoL of people with multiple sclerosis. Thus, neurologists should integrate in their practice an assessment by mental health specialists. Moreover, targeted psychotherapeutic interventions could be planned i to improve QoL.

Psychopathological profiles and trends of Italian social network users (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok)

Background and aims: With the advent of the Internet and social networks, mass communication has become more interactive and geo-dislocated. The present research hypothesizes the existence of a link between the choice of the use of a specific social network by the subject user of the telematics service and his or her eventual psychopathological profile, hypothesizing that: the users of Facebook (FB) have a higher level of neurotic (cluster A) and psychotic (cluster C) dysfunctional traits, while users of Instagram (IG), Twitter (TW) and TikTok (TT) have a higher level of borderline dysfunctional traits (cluster B), according to the PICI model. Materials and methods: Clinical interview, and administration of the battery of psychometric tests. SPSS, Anova test (with Bonferroni). Results and discussion: The population sample was selected based on past clinical contacts and voluntary participation through social recruitment, totaling 5.581 participants, divided into four age groups (18-25, 26-37, 38-46, 47-60) and by four different social networks (Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, TikTok). The present research showed that, on average, the selected users in the studied population sample, divided into sixteen subgroups, present in 79.9% of cases a psychopathological personality profile with at least 5 dysfunctional traits among the first three social networks analyzed (Facebook and Twitter with a lower frequency than Instagram, while TikTok users present an average value of 95.5% of cases). Equally distributed are also the hypotheses of affective addiction among users of the four social networks, with an average of 41.7% of cases, although always with higher pathological peaks in the case of Instagram, and even more for Tiktok, which varies with a much higher average of 69.2%. The pronounced dysfunctional tendency found is also confirmed by the tests related to the study of ego defense mechanisms, which in 100% of the psychopathological cases detected with the PICI (Perrotta Integrative Clinical Interviews) model turn out to be markedly dysfunctional, especially concerning the mechanisms of isolation, fixation, identification, denial, repression, regression, omnipotence, idealization and devaluation. The survey on dysfunctional sexual behaviors also found the marked presence of the clinical condition of users, with a mean value of 21.3% for Twitter, 55.9% for Facebook, 57.8% for Instagram, and 81.0% for TikTok; in particular, the presence of pedophilic paraphilia/pederasty is found in Instagram users with a mean value of 28.5% and for TikTok with a mean value of 43.0%. Conclusion: There is a correlation between the preferred profile choice on a specific social network and one’s psychopathological personality profile: Facebook users are found to be more oriented on the neurotic (anxious-phobic, somatic and obsessive) and border (borderline and depressive) area, Twitter users are oriented on the border (bipolar, borderline and narcissistic) area, Instagram and TikTok users on the border (bipolar, borderline, histrionic, antisocial, psychopathic and narcissistic) and psychotic (delusional, paranoid and dissociative) area.

Mekanisme Pertahanan Ego Tokoh Utama dalam Novel Two Lost Souls Karya Pia Devina

This study aims to describe the use of ego defense mechanisms in the main character as an effort to deal with a problem faced by the main character in the novel Two Lost Souls by Pia Devina. This type of research is qualitative using a description method, so this research will emphasize sentences to describe a situation that occurs in the field more specifically and in depth. The data collection technique used is in the form of a literacy study technique whose activities are in the form of an activity carried out by reading and taking notes on the research object which will later be processed as research material. The data analysis technique is a content analysis technique with reference to Sigmund Freud's Literary Psychology theory, namely self-defense mechanisms. The ego defense mechanism contained in the novel Two Lost Souls through the main character is repression which is a strong basis for ego defense, then with regression which triggers tension or emotional outbursts in a character, but it is different from the defense of apathy which tends to withdraw more from a problem.

Mekanisme Pertahanan Ego dalam Novel Rapijali 2: Menjadi karya Dee Lestari

This study aims to describe the form of the ego defense mechanism in the novel Rapijali 2: Menjadi by Dee Lestari. This type of research is literary research using descriptive method. The research data are in the form of words, phrases, clauses, sentences, narration from the narrator, character utterances, and actions of characters related to the ego defense mechanism in the novel Rapjali 2: Being by Dee Lestari. The data collection techniques in this study were as follows: (1) conducting a literature study, (2) reading and understanding the novel, (3) marking the part of the novel that indicated the ego defense mechanism, (4) recording data related to the ego defense mechanism. , (5) identify the main characters and additional characters in the novel, and (6) take an inventory of the data found in the novel. There are four data analysis techniques in this study, namely: analyzing data on forms of ego defense mechanisms, interpreting data on forms of ego defense mechanisms, making conclusions about research results, and reporting research results. The research results obtained are: the form of ego defense mechanism in the novel Rapijali 2: Menjadi by Dee Lestari which is divided into, (a) repression, (b) projection, (c) diversion, (d) rationalization, (e) reaction formation, ( f) regression, and (g) aggression and apathy. Based on these findings, it turns out that the ego defense mechanism is a form of self-defense mechanism to overcome anxiety which is often used by characters in novels.

Sexual Abuse Disertai Kehamilan Tidak Direncanakan atau Dikehendaki pada Remaja dengan Intellectual Disability: Sebuah Laporan Kasus

AbstractBackground: Intellectual Disability in adolescents is prone to physical, mental, and sexual violence. Intellectual and adaptive disabilities make adolescents with intellectual disabilities unable to avoid environmental behavior including sexual abuse. Methods: A case report of a 12-year-old teenager with an Intellectual Disability who became pregnant as a result of sexual abuse by an unknown person. On the way, she had an abortion. Results: On examination, it was found that a 12-year-old teenager with mild mental retardation, without education, came from an incomplete family with very poor socioeconomic status. The diagnosis was confirmed by a multiaxial approach and concluded that adolescents with mild mental retardation have significant behavioral impairment and require attention or therapy (F70.1). Patients are also submissive and quiet with ego defense mechanisms that regression, and have problems with mental and intellectual development. Multidisciplinary management was carried out involving the social and medical departments.Summary: Patients with Intellectual Disabilities, especially adolescents, require special attention and a multidisciplinary, and comprehensive approach, starting from prevention, as well as in carrying out treatment.

Motives of the self and brand hate

PurposeConsumer–brand relationship literature has seen a recent surge of work on the concept of brand hate. Considering that hate is not easily acknowledged, it is challenging to uncover the psychological mechanisms that underpin its development. Using the concept of “self” as over-arching theory, this study aims to uncover consumers’ psychological triggers for hating a brand by providing contextualized perspectives from the informants.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use an interpretive approach focused on exploring the role of self in explaining the development of brand hate. Data is collected through 25 in-depth interviews and inductively analysed using the NVivo 12.FindingsThe findings of the study align with the motivational perspective of hate discussed in psychology literature. Six psychological strategies (coping, moral consciousness, ego defense, self-esteem protection, power reinstatement, and self-concept strengthening) cater to three motives of the self (self-preservation, self-defense, and self-enhancement).Originality/valueThe current study uses an interdisciplinary approach and draws perspectives from psychology, sociology and interpersonal relationship theories to study consumer brand hate. It uncovers the subconscious mechanisms that lead to the germination of brand hate and provides answers to unexplained and missing pieces in the existing literature. In particular, it offers a detailed perspective on how self-related motives can explain the psychology of brand hate.

Psychoanalytical Conflict, Anxiety, and Ego Defense Mechanism of Aza Holmes in John Green’s Turtles All the Way Down

This research aims to explain the psychoanalytical conflict, anxiety, and the ego defense mechanism of Aza Holmes by using Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis theory. The method of approach used in this research is the Psychology of Literature approach, while the method of collecting the data is library research. The primary data comes from the novel Turtles All the Way Down written by John Green and the secondary data comes from other text-based sources related to Freud’s Psychoanalysis theory. Furthermore, this research suggests that Aza Holmes’ ego is weak which causes her to conflict with her own self and other people around her. This conflict leads to the rising of her neurotic and moral anxieties. To relieve the tension of her anxiety, Aza Holmes performs some ego defense mechanisms such as projection, fixation, and displacement. Keywords: personality structure; psychoanalytical conflict; anxiety; ego defense mechanism; Freudian psychanalysis

Consumer Motivations for Luxury Fashion Rental: A Second-Order Factor Analysis Approach

With the rise of the sharing economy, luxury fashion rental (LFR) services have seen significant growth by providing sustainable consumption options to newcomers in the luxury fashion market. Several studies have analysed consumer motivations for luxury and collaborative consumption; however, limited research has examined consumer behaviour towards LFR, focusing on the collaborative consumption perspective but overlooking the influence of the characteristics and values of luxury fashion products. Therefore, this study seeks to identify consumer motivations for LFR from both the luxury consumption and collaborative consumption perspectives. Specifically, this study aims to: (1) identify motivations for LFR by reviewing the relevant literature; (2) propose a classification of LFR motivations (intrinsic versus extrinsic) by following self-determination theory; and (3) statistically evaluate and confirm said classification. To this end, data were collected from 359 U.S. consumers via an online survey. Subsequently, a second-order confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm the validity of the second-order hierarchical structure. The findings show that intrinsic LFR motivations include hedonic benefits, uniqueness, and sustainability, while extrinsic motivations include economic benefits, social norms, smart shopping, and ego defence. To conclude this paper, theoretical and practical implications are discussed and recommendations for future studies are presented.

P81. Psychological Adaptive Mechanism Maturity, Age, and Depression Symptoms in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients

Previously, we reported that the maturity of Psychological Adaptive Mechanism (PAM; alternatively ego defense mechanism) endorsement, but not depression symptom severity, predicted 5-year survival rates in adult cancer patients.

Gender differences in coping strategies (ego defense mechanisms) among professional and non- professional degree courses of students

Efforts have taken by an individual to reduce stress is coping. Ego defense mechanism play a very important role in our day to day life. The purpose of present study was to assess the coping strategies (Ego defense mechanism) on the basis of Gender (Male and Female) among professional and non professional degree courses of students. The present study deals with assessing the level of coping among 400 students in Aurangabad city. The Defense Mechanism Inventory (DMI) by Dr. N. R. Mrinal and Dr. (Mrs) Uma Mrinal (1971). Data were analysed by using mean, standard deviation an 'f' test. The result revealed that the male students and the female students differ significantly in coping strategies. There is no significant difference between Professional and Non professional degree courses by students with respect to coping styles. There is significant interaction effects on Gender (Male and Female) and courses (Professional, (LL.B, B.E., B.Ed.) and Non professional degree (B.A., B.Com., B.Sc.) Courses of Students) with respect to coping.

Market Segmentation by Motivations in Ecotourism: Application in the Posets-Maladeta Natural Park, Spain

Environmental awareness and carrying out tourism activities in nature are increasing today. Therefore, the present study has been conducted in a natural park, and its objectives are the following: (a) identify the motivation of ecotourism; (b) determine the segmentation by motivations of ecotourism; and (c) establish the relationship between the segments and variables of satisfaction and loyalty such as return, recommendation and saying positive things about the destination. The study was carried out in the Posets-Maladeta Natural Park located in Spain, in the center of the Pyrenees mountain range. The sample consisted of 341 surveys obtained in situ. To analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and nonhierarchical segmentation of K-means were used. The results in ecotourism applied to a natural park show seven motivational dimensions: self-development, interpersonal relations, construction of personal relations, escape, reward, appreciation of nature and ego defense function. The results also reveal the existence of three segments of ecotourists: “reward and escape”, “nature” and “multiple motives”. The “reward and escape” segment shows the highest score in satisfaction and loyalty variables. The results will serve as development guides for the administrators of the natural parks and in the elaboration of ecotourism products according to the demand found.

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF EGO-DEFENCE MECHANISMS AMONG THE MEDICAL STUDENTS.

Background: Ego defence mechanisms (or factors), dened by Freud as the unconscious mental process used by the ego to reduce conict between the id and superego, are a reection of how an individual deals with conict and stress in other words anxiety. This study assesses the prevalence of various ego defence mechanisms used by medical students of Mumbai, which has higher stress and anxiety levels than the general population of India. Methods: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 students from four major medical colleges of Mumbai over 4 weeks. Ego defence mechanisms were assessed using the Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) individually and as grouped under Mature, Immature, and Neurotic factors. Results: Lower mean scores of Immature defence mechanisms (4.78) were identied than those for Neurotic (5.62) and Mature (5.60) mechanisms. Immature mechanisms were more commonly used by males whereas females used more Neurotic mechanisms than males. Neurotic and Immature defences were signicantly more prevalent in rst and second-year students. Mature mechanisms were signicantly higher in students enrolled in Government colleges than other private institutions (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Immature defence mechanisms were less commonly used than Neurotic and Mature mechanisms. The greater use of Neurotic defences may reect greater stress levels than the general population. The use of these mechanisms was associated with the female gender.

MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO TOKOH NOVEL DADAISME KARYA DEWI SARTIKA KAJIAN PSIKOLOGI SASTRA

This research discusses anxiety and ego defense mechanisms . The author discusses this novel because first, this novel is very interesting and challenging to read because of the complexity of the relationships between the characters and the anxiety that is so great and the story is so interesting by the author that the writer feels challenged to analyze it. Second, get evidence about anxiety and ego mechanisms performed by the characters. Third, the authors relate the events in the Novel Dada with the phenomena that exist in real life.The objectives of this research are; 1) to describe the forms of anxiety experienced by the characters, 2) to describe the ego defense mechanisms that were carried out by the characters to reduce anxiety. 3) linking the phenomenon of the condition of society to one of the worries experienced by the character. The subject of this research is the novel Dadaisme by Dewi Sartika published by the publisher Mahatari Yogyakarta. The object of this research includes the forms of anxiety, the factors behind the anxiety and ego defense mechanisms to reduce anxiety in the novel Dadaisme by Dewi Sartika. The data collection methods used the description method, the literature review method, and the reading notes method. The research instrument used a data card. The method of data analysis in this study used a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the research that have been done are (1) the forms of anxiety faced by the characters are neurotic anxiety , morality anxiety , and realistic anxiety , (2) the factors that cause anxiety are factors that originate from the characters themselves and from outside. the character's self, which occurs as a result of past and present trauma, (3) the ego defense mechanisms used by the characters to reduce the anxiety they face include repression, regression, fixation, projection ( paranoia ), displacement , and sublimization.

STRUKTUR KEPRIBADIAN DAN MEKANISME PERTAHANAN EGO TOKOH UTAMA DALAM NOVEL WIGATI: LINTANG MANIK WORO KARYA KHILMA ANIS

The purpose of this study was to describe the personality structure of the main character in the novel Wigati:Lintang Manik Woro by Khilma Anis and to describe the ego defense mechanism of the main character in the novel Wigati:Lintang Manik Woro by Khilma Anis. The research method used is a qualitative research type, with a psychological approach and descriptive analysis method. The results of this study are that in Wigati, the forms of Id are found in the form of the desire to live in peace, avoid pain, and the desire to meet her biological father. In Manik¸, the form of Id is found in the form of great curiosity, interest in the opposite sex, and the desire to live with Hidayat Jati. The ego that emerged from Wigati's character was choosing to live in a boarding school¸ refusing to meet his biological father¸ looking for the whereabouts of his biological father. Manik's character is finding out about Wigati¸ approaching Hidayat Jati. The superego that appears in Wigati is Realizing that her abilities must be maintained properly, Realizing mistakes and Accepting her biological father. Pada Manik Realizes that there is no need to interfere too much in Wigati's affairs, Realizes that he should refrain from meeting Hidayat Jati¸ and Realizes that he is not worthy of being with Hidayat Jati. The ego defense mechanism in Wigati's character is Sublimation, Projection, Aggression, and Apathy. Meanwhile, in Manik's character, ego defense mechanisms are found in the form of projection and fantasy.

Psychoanalytical Conflicts, Anxiety, and Ego Defense Mechanisms of The Main Character in Karin Slaughter’s The Good Daughter

This study is aimed to observe the factors of defense mechanisms applied by the main character, Charlie Quinn in The Good Daughter’s novel by Karin Slaughter. The Good Daughter tells the story of Charlie Quinn who undergoes certain unfortunate situations in Pikeville, Georgia, United States. Library research is conducted to gather the data. The primary data were collected from the novel whilst the secondary data were collected from journals, books, and articles. Character and characterization, conflicts, and settings are observed for the intrinsic aspects whilst the psychology of literature approach that includes the factors of Sigmund Freud’s defense mechanisms is observed for the extrinsic aspects. It is determined that from the analysis, defense mechanisms are applied to redeem objective and neurotic anxiety. Objective and neurotic anxiety are the factors that trigger the use of defense mechanisms. Finally, the kinds of defense mechanisms employed by the main character to redeem anxiety are intellectualization, repression, denial, regression, and displacement.Keywords: The Good Daughter; defense mechanisms; objective anxiety; neurotic anxiety

Psychological Adaptive Mechanism Maturity, Age, and Depression Symptoms in Advanced-Stage Cancer Patients.

Background: Previously, we reported that the maturity of Psychological Adaptive Mechanism (PAM; alternatively, ego defense mechanism) endorsement, but not depression symptom severity, predicted 5-year survival rates in adult cancer patients and that study controlled for age as a significant variable. In this investigation, we hypothesized that greater PAM maturity would correlate significantly with age and with fewer depression symptoms in a larger sample.Methods: In this cross-section study, adult cancer outpatients (N=293) completed the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and provided additional clinical data. Spearman’s correlation and multiple regression modeling provided statistical tests of the study hypotheses.Results: Contrary to our hypothesis, DSQ PAM maturity endorsement did not correlate significantly with increasing age. Greater PAM maturity ratio on the DSQ (p<0.0001) and current antidepressant use (p<0.05), however, both provided inverse associations with total BDI symptom frequency (p<0.01). Age was inversely associated with BDI mood (p<0.0001) and somatic scores (p<0.04). Items that worsened BDI symptom frequency included self-reported mood-altering anti-cancer medications and any psychiatric history. Cancer stage, time since diagnosis, and chemotherapy treatment did not correlate with DSQ or BDI scores. Multiple regression analysis found that the correlated items accounted for 17.2% of the variance in mood symptoms and 4.9% in somatic symptoms. Specifically, adaptive maturity and age associated with fewer depression symptoms, while cancer medications affecting mood, and a previous psychiatric history each predicted higher frequency of depression scores.Conclusion: The results suggest that PAM maturity likely predicts fewer depression symptoms while younger age associates with more depression symptoms in this clinical sample. Centrally, acting cancer medications, such as glucocorticoids, and any history of psychiatric disorder correlated with increased depression symptom frequencies. In this cross-section study, antidepressant medications indicated higher frequencies of depressive symptoms, likely reflecting their use in persons previously diagnosed with depression. Further research should target factors that improve PAM maturity as a potential treatment target, especially in younger age groups.

Psychological Adaptive Mechanism Maturity Predicts Good Outcomes in Treatment for Refractory PTSD.

Background: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) severity follows a bell-shaped curve ranging from mild to severe. Those in the severe range often receive the most intensive treatments, including targeted residential rehabilitation stays. These are expensive and welcome ways to improve their effectiveness. We hypothesized that positive change among subjects treated in a 45-day residential rehabilitation format would be associated with the maturity levels of measurable Psychological Adaptive Mechanisms (PAMs), alternately ego defense mechanisms.Methods: In this association study, adult male patients (N = 115) with a history of combat related PTSD treated in a residential rehabilitation setting completed the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) on admission, as well as the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M) and the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (M-PTSD) on admission and again at discharge. This allowed prospectively calculated change scores on each of the PTSD measures for each patient. The change scores allowed association testing with averaged admission DSQ scores using Pearson's correlation probability with significance held at p < 0.05.Results: As hypothesized, averaged individual Mature scores on the DSQ were associated with improved change scores on both the PCL-M (p = 0.03) and the M-PTSD (p = 0.04). By contrast neither averaged DSQ Neurotic or Immature scores associated significantly with either PTSD scale change scores.Conclusion: These results, the first of their kind to our knowledge, suggest that patients presenting with predominantly Mature level PAMs are likely to benefit from residential rehabilitation treatment of PTSD. By contrast, those presenting with Neurotic or Immature PAMs predominantly are less likely to encounter positive change in this type of treatment. Although residential treatment is often reserved for the most refractory PTSD cases, it appears that those endorsing Mature level PAMs will make use of residential treatment whereas other forms of treatment may be better suited to those with Neurotic and Immature adjustment mechanisms.