Decentralized Management System Research Articles

Constitutional foundations of local self-government in Ukraine

The constitutional foundations of local self­government in Ukraine are norms-principles reflected in more than 20 articles of the Constitution of Ukraine. Norms establishing the legal, organizational, material and financial foundations of local self-government provide for the establishment of a democratic decentralized management system, based on independent territorial communities, local self-government bodies, which are entrusted with the decision of all issues of local importance. Real effective local self-government is possible only in the presence of certain conditions that have objectively developed in society, and which collectively form the basis of local self-government. The basics of local self­government create the foundation, that is, the foundation on which the entire system of local self-government is built. One of the fundamental foundations of local self-government is the participation of citizens in the social and political life of the state. The topicality of the topic is due primarily to the fact that at the current stage of democratic transformation of our country, local self­government is the basis of civil society. Local self-government is one of the most important institutions of a democratic state. Its development is a central scientific problem of municipal law and a "cornerstone” in municipal science for many decades, since its inception. The 1996 Constitution of Ukraine created the legal basis for the development of local self-government as a special type of public power. The article analyzes the constitutional principles that established the status of municipal power, their influence on further legislation and practice of local self­government. The constitutional principles of local self-government are analyzed. The approaches available in modern jurisprudence regarding the definition of the concept of "basics of local self­government” have been considered. Arguments are presented in favor of separating the organizational- legal, territorial, and material-financial bases of the activity of local self-government bodies.

Usability Survey on Integrated Support System for Flood Disaster Management

Recovery and response in managing flood disaster requires effective communication system for information sharing and coordination between agencies. However, the flood rescue and relief operations in Malaysia is yet inefficient due to decentralised management system between humanitarian relief organisations. Hence, this study attempt to contribute through information technology solution by integrating roles of different agencies such as Ministry of Health (KKM), Malaysian Department of Social Welfare (JKM), Malaysian Meteorological Department (JMM) as well as nonprofit organisations (NGOs) in managing flood victim. Therefore, Waterfall methodology has been adopted in developing an online flood integrated support system for mitigating, preparing, responding, and recovering flood management process. The system acts as a centralised platform for flood rescue voluntary, disseminates flood-related information updates, and manage flood victim health status particularly in the Segamat district of Johore. An online usability survey by purposive sampling has been conducted with 30 public citizens representing prospectives system users. In addition, three individuals from flood management agencies are selected to represent the system administrator for evaluating the system usefulness through USE questionnaire. Findings for the usability survey suggested that the system usability is satisfactory. Likewise, while the admin features have been satisfactorily rated based on the USE questionnaires with some suggestions for future improvement. Extending the system features in managing registration and aid for the victims in the flood evacuation centre is recommended for future work.

Research on the Private Banks Centralized Management Systems in China

China Merchants Bank's private banking development has always occupied first place in China for nearly 10 years. Its centralized management system for the private bank division is worth learning from. This paper focuses on the Chinese private bank centralized management system, and from the comparison with the decentralized management systems in other Chinese commercial banks, such as ICBC and the Bank of China, analyzes the advantages of the centralized one. From the comparison, this study finds the AUM of China Merchants bank is much higher than ICBC and the Bank of China [1], and the assets per household are two times higher than the other two, indicating that China Merchants bank's clients hold more sickness than the other two. Based on the core idea of the three processes of value creation, value transmission, and value capture [2] and the development process of the China Merchants Bank, this study proposes the centralized management model for the private bank. In conclusion, this study indicates that centralized management systems have advantages over decentralized modes in the long run. To reform the decentralized systems, the model suggests centralizing the research team, database and digital platform, and managers assessment, which can create more professional investment advice, higher working efficiency, and different holding stages services.

Supply Chain Network Model using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for COVID-19

The COVID-19 vaccination management in Japan has revealed many problems. The number of vaccines available was clearly less than the number of people who wanted to be vaccinated. Initially, the system was managed by making reservations with age group utilizing vaccination coupons. After the second round of vaccinations, only appointments for vaccination dates were coordinated and vaccination sites were set up in Shibuya Ward where the vaccine could be taken freely. Under a shortage of vaccine supply, the inability to make appointments arose from a failure to properly estimate demand. In addition, the vaccine expired due to inadequate inventory management, resulting in the vaccine being discarded. This is considered to be a supply chain problem in which appropriate supply could not be provided in response to demand. In response to this problem, this paper examines whether it is possible to avoid shortage and stock discards by a decentralized management system for easy on-site inventory control instead of a centralized management system in real world. Based on a multi-agent model, a model was created to redistribute inventory to clients by predicting future shortage based on demand fluctuations and past inventory levels. The model was constructed by adopting the Kanto region. The validation results of the model showed that the number of discards was reduced by about 70% and out-of-stocks by about 12% as a result of learning the dispersion management and out-of-stock forecasting.

SPATIAL ASPECT OF THE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF KHALISHPUR, KHULNA

The urban wastewater management system is one of the most important infrastructures for an urban residential area and any kind of infrastructure has some spatial considerations. The conventional centralized wastewater management system is an enormous structure that generally fails to address the needs of residential areas for the collection and disposal of domestic wastewater from on-site sanitation. The decentralized management system is a promising but challenging option due to its spatial aspect i.e., specific areas required for implementation. This paper explores the grounds of wastewater mismanagement associated with the spatial aspects. For this purpose, research has performed a spatial analysis of Khalishpur, a residential area of Khulna city of Bangladesh. Two sample tissues in ward 12 were selected based on diverse spatial configurations. The study was led through an area survey, local people’s interviews, and Key Informant Interviews. Several maps, sections, and supporting drawings were developed based on the survey data to explicate the problems of wastewater management systems influenced by spatial aspects. Finally, this research has tried to find out the indicators of wastewater mismanagement aligned by spatial features. That will be helpful for the authority of area planning and wastewater management in combined to develop a wastewater management system focusing on the spatial aspects.

Location and sizing of hydrogen based systems in distribution network for renewable energy integration

The increasing penetration of distributed generation at LV and MV level is a hard challenge for Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Hydrogen technologies have recorded a great interest in the last decades as promising drivers for the energy transition. This paper proposes the installation of Hydrogen Systems (HSs), consisting of Fuel Cells, Electrolysers and hydrogen storage, in order to increase energy performances of the Distribution Network (DN) and to better integrate distributed generation. HSs location and sizing problem is solved considering the necessity for DSOs to ensure the secure and stable DN operation. HSs are not influenced by other end uses related to other energy sectors and are characterized by a fully decentralized management system, applicable in Secondary Substations (SSs). The evaluation is based on the concept of Energy Districts (EDs), defined as a group of SSs that present a single point of connection with the rest of the radially operated DN. The DN of the city of Terni is the real case study: available data measured at SSs for every quarter hour of year 2019 are used. 10 HSs are installed by the algorithm, reaching a high rate of renewable energy self-consumed and a relevant decrease of Reverse Power Flows.

Who Governs at What Price? Technocratic Dominance, Ways of Knowing, and Long-Term Resilience of Brazil's Water System

Technocratic decision making has been long criticized for dampening participation and limiting the range of adaptive choices through its overreliance on infrastructure-based solutions. There has been growing attention to how technocratic approaches shape long-term resilience of water systems, especially under the threat of climatic change impacts. In Brazil, even under its highly decentralized and participatory water management system, technical expertise and science-based decisions have been often promoted as a desirable mechanism to insulate governance outcomes from the country's prevailing clientelistic and rent-seeking politics. Yet, Brazilian river basins continue to struggle with long-standing problems (such as universal access to sanitation) and increasing challenges for guaranteeing water provision under recurrent drought. In this study, we examine how technocratic insulation, different ways of knowing (WoKs), and participatory governance shape long-term resilience in one of Brazil's most important river basins, the Piracicaba-Capivari-Jundiaí (PCJ). By taking an in-depth look at how the PCJ River Basin's governance system responded to the 2014 Brazilian water crisis, we seek to understand how planning decisions in the aftermath of the crisis were influenced by different actors, and how the outcomes of those decisions are likely to shape long term resilience. Based on 27 in-depth interviews with members of the PCJ River Basin Committees, we show how a distinct preference for infrastructure-based solutions to deal with on-going and upcoming challenges may be unsustainable under climate change as the basin's traditional technocratic approach failed both to insulate its decisions from politics and to explore adaptive water management solutions that might be key to shape long-term resilience.

Development and assessment of a decentralized management system for doctoral student administration

The main aim of this project was to establish a decentralized management and administration system for doctorates at the research unit of the Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery at the Medical Faculty of Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich. A flow process chart conforming to the quality management system and detailing the sequence of a standardized initial introduction has been established. In order to determine if the introduction in each core facility was successful, a multiple-choice evaluation was implemented. Secondly, a welcome package has been created, which contains important information on how to start work in the department and also describes the necessary introductions and briefings and their sequence. Between 2018 and 2020, 20 applicants were accepted as doctoral students in the Department, two of them already finished their experimental work. Median duration of the introductory procedure was 20 days with minimum of six (6) and maximum of 121 days. Analysis of the test results revealed that in four types of briefings, all students passed the tests on the first attempt. However, for four other types of introductions, 5-31% of the students had to repeat the introductions due to failing the aptitude tests. All students were subsequently able to pass the aptitude tests at least on their second attempt. We successfully developed a decentralized management and administration system for doctorate students. Based on internal evaluations using key-indicators as well as the SWOT analysis, we can conclude that this management system could be used by research facilities that educate doctorate students.

Blockchain at the Service of Ocean Challenges: Discard Management and Bycatch Control

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new alternative method of seafood management by using blockchain technology with a particular emphasis on bycatch and overfishing. The paper has been investigated through an innovative connection between the various consumers in the world, what we call bycatch can be considered as food for humans, animals, or plants. In addition, numerous parties that are directly or indirectly connected to the seafood industry can utilize the blockchain platform in order to facilitate seafood trading, especially what is called bycatch. The data analyzing in this paper has been clarified using a decentralized management system, seafood resources, and human consumption can stay in a semi-equilibrium. Furthermore, the paper can take the first steps to reduce environmental catastrophes caused by humans on the ocean.

The Chinese Students' Digital Competencies Formation in the Educational Space of the Russian University

In the past two decades, in the context of internationalization of higher education, the formation of a digital society in Russia and overseas the requirements for higher education have changed significantly. Digital skills and competencies should be acquired by a person in the education system, so the role of higher education and learning in general is growing. The Chinese students’ influx to the Russian universities is increasing, which presents a challenge for the Russian universities to develop the digital skills of the Chinese students demanded on the global labor market. The main objectives of the study were to determine the basic digital competencies that Chinese students need to form in the process of training at the Russian higher school. The study was conducted at three universities in Yekaterinburg. The research methodology combined both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The primary data was collected using questionnaires and in-depth interviews. 500 Russian and 500 Chinese students were questioned on the basis of quota sampling. In-depth interviews with 50 experts were conducted. The study has revealed the basic digital competencies required by Chinese students. They include: the ability to quickly respond to the intensification of ICT development, the ability to independently master and create innovations, the ability to work in network organizations with a decentralized management system (including Russian-Chinese), the skill of continuous self-education, the skill of self-study situation analysis and the skills of operational decision making. The research has found that in modern Russia there is a need to coordinate interstate, regional and university levels of innovative educational cooperation between Russia and China, to train Russian highly qualified specialists for the implementation of bilateral digital educational cooperation and to increase the financial component of the innovative development of the Russian-Chinese educational cooperation.
 Keywords: digitalization of higher education, digital competencies, Chinese students, the educational space of the Russian university, the interaction of the Russian and the Chinese higher schools

EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EASTERN PARTNERSHIP PROJECT IN UKRAINE

It was found that today Ukraine is not ready to introduce a decentralized system due to shortcomings in budget planning and non-transparency of public financial management. In case of its introduction in the management system of EU funds of Ukraine, it is advisable to develop a preparatory stage for a decentralized management system of EU assistance resources, which will ensure an independent audit of Ukraine's external assistance management system. Based on the results of the audit, it is necessary to determine the responsible state institution that will carry out the overall coordination of the decentralized system in the subsequent stages of its implementation. An urgent challenge for modern Ukraine is the ability to develop a national research and innovation strategy in line with the best EU models. To date, Ukraine lacks a comprehensive systemic vision for the development of science, technology and innovation, and dialogue with civil society and the expert community is somewhat of a formality. The plans and proposals submitted by the Ministry of Education and Science and the Ministry of Economic Development, Trade and Agriculture need to be properly coordinated. After all, such inconsistency of actions of government structures is also reflected in the quality and effectiveness of the legislation of Ukraine, increases the time of adoption of laws in the Verkhovna Rada. In this regard, cooperation between the three committees in particular needs to be significantly improved, namely: the Committee on Education and Science, the Committee on Informatization and Communications and the Committee on Industrial Policy and Entrepreneurship. Promoting cooperation and integration with the European Union will allow the citizens of the respective partner countries to adapt European values faster, increase people's awareness of the experience and prospects of EU countries, and significantly strengthen their self-identification as Europeans. The importance of the role of the Eastern Partnership in security issues for both the EU and the countries participating in the Eastern Partnership should be emphasized. Keywords: European Union, European integration, Eastern Partnership, regional cooperation, Association Agreement, public administration.

Decentralized Management System for Solid-State Voltage Regulators in Nodes of Distribution Power Networks

Decentralized Management System for Solid-State Voltage Regulators in Nodes of Distribution Power Networks

Mobilizing Decentralized, Participatory Energy Transition in Morocco

Mobilizing Decentralized, Participatory Energy Transition in Morocco Yossef Ben-Meir (bio), Kerstin Opfer (bio), and Imane Akhezzane (bio) North Africa is one of the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change. Severe environmental degradation threatens the scarce natural resources of countries in the region like Morocco and jeopardizes local economic performance, which is often heavily dependent on natural capital such as agriculture, mineral resources, and fisheries.1 This in turn entails consequences for human development. Creeping desertification, compromised forest areas, diminishing water resource potential, the sharp degradation of fragile ecosystems like oases and the coast, and high vulnerability to climate change and natural disasters are not only threatening Morocco’s rich biodiversity but also the livelihoods, well-being, and health of its people.2 Swift action to combat climate change and increase energy security in Morocco must be taken. Morocco’s government has realized the urgency of these issues and has accordingly devoted large sums into climate mitigation and adaptation.3 Morocco is one of the first countries in Africa to champion renewable energy (RE) and to align economic development with environmental protection and sustainable development. Morocco’s RE program is one of the most ambitious in the world and is unique in its emphasis on decentralization as a way to achieve sustainable development. While Morocco’s deployment of RE relies mostly on large-scale installations, Morocco has also piloted small-scale RE projects that promote sustainable development initiatives centered on civil society’s capacities to manage their own affairs. Yet despite Morocco’s well-developed guidelines for regional and community-level emphases for decentralization in the MENA region, the country has not applied its own guidelines consistently.4 The major challenges to implementing renewable energy projects with local communities [End Page 80] through the decentralization mechanism are not sector specific, but relate to the national need for a singular decentralization strategy that is furthered by the quality implementation of Morocco’s existing participatory frameworks for sustainable development. This article analyzes Morocco’s governmental approaches to creating a decentralized management system, particularly as they may impact, and in turn be shaped by, community based RE and development. Decentralization is discussed in regard to how it may be built alongside the fulfillment of Morocco’s Municipal Charter and its commitment to ensure the community planning of projects, as well as with an enhanced National Initiative for Human Development, the government’s flagship funding program for local sustainability. Recommendations are given as to how Morocco may accelerate community managed RE by achieving decentralization assisted by effectively implementing existing national structures for the people’s development. Morocco’s energy sector -current state Morocco’s energy sector is carbon intensive. Fossil fuels account for almost 90% of total primary energy supply (TPES), with oil constituting 62% of TPES in 2017, followed by coal (22%) and natural gas (5%).5 As Morocco does not produce any of these resources in a significant capacity, the Kingdom is heavily dependent on energy imports. In 2017, total energy imports of Morocco accounted for 95% of TPES.6. Hence political unrest in supply countries often affects Morocco’s energy sector, subjecting it to price shocks and fluctuations in external supply patterns, which can lead to domestic fuel insecurity.7 As a result of population growth, economic development, and the achievement of near universal access to electricity, the demand for and generation of electricity have increased dramatically in Morocco, with electricity consumption projected to double by 2025.8 To fuel increasing demand, electricity generation in Morocco has grown by 65% over the past decade, with fossil energy—especially coal and gas—accounting for 82% of the total electricity generation.9 Electricity imports from Spain and Algeria, which account for 14% of the total electrical supply, help with meeting the rising demand, in particular peak demands.10 Although the bulk of power generation is still produced from fossil fuels, RE sources have risen to almost 16% of total electricity generation. In an effort to reduce the country’s dependence on energy imports and lessen the share of fossil fuels in energy generation to combat climate change, Morocco aims to increase the share of electricity-generating capacity from renewables to...

Centralization of administrative influence on the bodies of internal affairs of Ukraine

Problem setting. In the article the authors analyse the essence and legal nature of control and supervision activities of the internal affairs bodies of Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on fundamentally important aspects of control and supervisory powers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, a parallel is drawn between their regulation in European countries. The necessity of strengthening the administrative influence on the activity of law enforcement bodies and their officials is substantiated. Target of research. The purpose of the study is determining the features of the legal status of bodies and their officials who are called to exercise administrative and supervisory powers in the system of internal affairs of Ukraine, outlining the possibilities of implementing legal norms in the system of national legislation. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Many foreign and domestic scholars, including Stalman J. I., Lovatcharin J., Kohei S., Simanuk A., Gorbova N. A., Parubchak I. O., Sopilnyk R. L. and others made a significant contribution to the study of the issue of administrative and supervisory powers in the system of internal affairs. The authors personally have studied some problematic aspects of the functioning of the mechanism of supervisory powers of public authorities in the field of political and territorial organization of the country at the international level. Article’s main body. The new model of building a law enforcement system, which is a consequence of the reform of internal affairs, requires the search for qualitatively new principles and methods in the field of public administration by law enforcement agencies. Today there are the following models of law enforcement system in foreign countries: centralized (model with a leading role of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, directive management style and clear vertical subordination of lower levels to central authorities; decentralized model (lack of a single national body, number of police forces, the predominant concentration of police control levers in the hands of regional authorities and local governments); semi-centralized model (provides for the presence of a ministry responsible for internal security, etc.). We agree with the views of scientists who emphasize the need for a combined police department, which combines the features of a centralized and decentralized management system. As for determining the administrative influence of the Ministry, the latter is implemented through such measures to ensure legality as supervision and control. There are several approaches to distinguishing these categories in the legal literature. The first group of researchers emphasizes the absence of a difference between control and supervision, arguing that supervision characterizes the presence of control powers, and hence identification. The legislator is also ambiguous in this aspect, because in some cases these concepts are identified. In turn, there are regulations where the disputed categories are the basis for the separation of powers between central executive bodies. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The introduction of a combined model of the law enforcement system will solve many personnel issues, as well as increase the efficiency of and public confidence in law enforcement agencies, create conditions for further decentralization of the law enforcement system. The experience of the Baltic states shows that in Ukraine, compared to others, the level of administrative influence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs on the controlled bodies is extremely low, which is reflected in the too narrow competence of the Central Executive Body. At the legislative level, the control and supervisory powers of state bodies are not sufficiently differentiated. These and other problems make it important to search for new models of administrative influence on the management of internal affairs in the country. An exemplary example of this can be the mental and ideological components of the Baltic countries.

To the question of the typicality of blockchain technologies in engineering

The work systematizes the basic terms that make it possible for the user to become acquainted with the distinguishing features of blockchain technology. The main quality of the blockchain system has been shown; the quality giving the right for its participants to provide the required level of the trust in the system and the trust in each of its incognitive participants. The features of generating access keys to the system by the participants, the addresses of the software products for generating public AEPuKey and private AEPrKey keys havebeen presented. A simplified algorithm for working in the blockchain for a typical user has been proposed, including the procedure for conducting transactions and their material content, the rules for recording information concerning a new, unprocessed transaction, the procedure and rules for processing protocols in the system, checking and signing with an individual key by all the participants for its possibilities, resource availability at the disposal of the author of the transaction. The procedures of carrying out mining of the formed registries and their hash coding have been shown as well as a converter with a hidden algorithm for generating random bit series and the way of using it in the first approximation. A clear and simplified model of the mining operation has been proposed, which gives a general idea to the user as to this type of work within the blockchain technology. The examples when the system crashes at the stage of legalizing the next protocol, the actions of the system and each of the participants in bringing the system to a new trust state have been given. The violation and recognition of the integrity of the peer-to-peer network and the actions to eliminate them have been presented. Such information may be useful to those users who are just mastering the blockchain technology in a company, in business. The methodological material cannot be useful in the existing technologies, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum for example, etc. due to their deep and complex professional mining, which can not be provided with private computer capacities and require a more professional approach and more professional equipment. The methodology is aimed at popularizing blockchain technologies for micro, small and medium-sized businesses, in decentralized management systems at its most diverse levels, in the form of a simple, reliable, safe from hacking software product that makes it possible for a large number of consumers to efficiently create local technologies such as a distributed registry to solve a wide variety of decentralization tasks

Moving Towards Universal Health Coverage in Haiti

ABSTRACT Haiti announced in 2018 its aim to achieve universal health coverage. In this paper, we discuss what this objective means for the country and what next steps should be taken. To contextualize the notion, we framed Haiti en route to the 2030 goal and analyzed qualitatively the status quo in terms of geographic, financial, and service access. For each dimension, we focused on the context, the government’s policies and political agendas, their implementation progress, and key influential factors. Our analysis found little progress and numerous challenges. Geographic access was limited due principally to the insufficient number of facilities, difficulties in reaching health facilities, and local customs. Financial coverage was low because of the government’s insufficient budgets, inefficient budget allocation, and ineffective management. Service access also had room for significant improvement for a lack of basic infrastructure and resources, gaps between the essential service package guidelines, health professionals’ skills, and the needs, as well as deficiencies in people-centered care. These factors affected not only health service coverage but also its quality. We found that the root causes of these issues were composed of unstable financing mechanisms, opportunistic resource allocation, and ineffective management control systems. We suggest that to overcome these issues and achieve universal health coverage with decent service quality, Haiti’s health system needs to be reformed by implementing strategic financing, decentralized management systems, and community engagement in primary health care.

Distributed artificial bee colony approach for connected appliances in smart home energy management system

AbstractIn this study, we propose a computational intelligence model for the Internet of Things applications by applying the concept of swarm intelligence (SI) into connected devices. Particularly, decentralized management of smart home energy management system (HEMS) is taken into account in which connected appliances, by sharing information with each other, make the individual decisions for optimizing electricity prices of smart HEMS. Specifically, the study includes two main issues: (a) We propose a framework for decentralized management in smart HEMS; and (b) artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm, a typical algorithm of SI techniques, has been applied for connected appliances in terms of communication and collaboration with each other to optimize the performance of the energy management system. Moreover, regarding the implementation, we develop and simulate a connected environment of smart home systems to evaluate the proposed approach. The simulation indicates the promising results in terms of optimizing the load balancing problem comparing with the conventional approach of the decentralized management system in smart home applications.

Kratos: a solution for data privacy, literacy, and student agency in a data driven school ecosystem

Growing digitisation has made data ownership an important focus for institutions and students. Broadly, there are three issues, which require urgent attention to obtain data privacy, literacy, and utilisation. First, schools globally lack necessary frameworks for data interoperability, while maintaining privacy and control. Second, the scale, source, and nature of school data make its interoperability impractical, resulting in an inability to assess the true impact of educational technologies on learning. Third, while data supports teaching, an increasingly data-driven decision-making suggests that student participation in curriculum design becomes secondary. Finding a balance between data-driven decision-making and student voice is critical for an efficient school ecosystem. In this paper, we introduce a proof-of-concept for Kratos: an immutable decentralised data management system that enables privacy, applied data literacy while empowering students with a user interface for data governance and active participation in school processes.

Digital banking in the age of virtual business

The article discusses the main trends of the transition period in the development of the banking sector, the functioning of which is undergoing significant changes in the emerging ecosystem of the digital economy. The necessity of making significant adjustments to the theory of banking is substantiated, the promising directions of moving credit institutions to the virtual space are highlighted, a description is given of new banking products emerging as part of a decentralized management system. The most important aspects of creating a model of a digital bank and the key elements of its business strategy are revealed.

The Process of Decentralization Management Based on Foreign Experience

The democratization of relations in society among developed countries, in most cases, is accompanied by the concept of fiscal decentralization. Today the priority in the world is the reform of public administration and decentralization which results in the abandonment of the centralized model of governance and the introduction of an effective system of territorial organization, financial self-sufficiency of local governments and expanding their budgets. In the current state of the economy of Ukraine and its regions there are a number of negative phenomena due to the loss of production potential, insufficient level of entrepreneurial activity, the presence of a significant level of shadow economy, resulting in economic instability and economic crisis. Thus, today there are many unresolved issues regarding the effective strategy of regulating the processes of decentralization of the management system, the equal distribution of powers at the local level and an effective strategy for the formation and distribution of the local budget. The task is to reform the country's inter-budgetary relations. However, the key to success in successfully reforming the state's governance system is to ensure economic decentralization with financial support from the central government in the initial stages. This strategy was followed by most developed countries in Europe and the world. Therefore, it is advisable to analyze the main advantages, risks and disadvantages of a decentralized management system based on foreign experience. Historical and modern strategies of reforming the management system of the leading countries of the world are considered.The scientific article considers the problematic aspects of the reforms and their specific implementation in countries such as Germany, Poland, Great Britain and Sweden. Prospects for the development of reform in Ukraine are identified and the main problems that arose at the first stage of the decentralization process are identified.