De Pernambuco Research Articles

Chest binding and respiratory complaints in transgender men

Abstract Introduction: Chest binders are an important resource for building masculinity in transgender men without mastectomy, although they can cause respiratory and thoracic damage if misused. Objective: To analyze the association between chest binding and chest complaints in transgender men. Methods: This was a quantitative cross-sectional study conducted at the Trans Space of the Hospital das Clínicas de Pernambuco and the LGBTQI Patrícia Gomes outpatient clinic of the Lessa de Andrade polyclinic in Recife (Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil). Sixty transgender men aged >18 years were included, and data on sociodemographics, general health, chest binding, and respiratory complaints in the thoracic region were collected. Descriptive analysis was performed, and prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% to associate between binder use and complaints in the chest region. Results: The average was 27.25 years, of which 81.7% did not undergo mastectomy and 53.3% used chest binders. The use of chest binders was significantly associated with complaints in the chest region (PR = 2.73), difficulty breathing (PR = 2.27), and chest pain (PR = 1.82). Conclusion: This study demonstrated a higher prevalence of complaints in the chest and respiratory region in transgender men who use chest binders. This reinforces the need to broaden the view on the health of this population. Gender construction strategies are essential for the quality of life and mental health of transgender men, and binders are an important ally in this process.

Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave por COVID-19: Perfil Clínico-Epidemiológico e Distribuição Espacial dos Óbitos nas Unidades Federativas do Brasil

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a severe manifestation of COVID-19 infection that, in some cases, can result in death. In the current global epidemiological scenario, Brazil is the second country with highest number of deaths from the disease; thus, it is necessary to know the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of deaths and how they are spatially distributed across territories. Therefore, the objective was to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics and the spatial distribution of SARS deaths due to COVID-19 in the Brazilian federative units (states). This is a descriptive and ecological study of SARS deaths due to COVID-19 in Brazilian states, from March 2020 to June 2021, based on secondary data available on the openDataSUS database. Descriptive statistics were performed for the clinical-epidemiological variables and the monthly mortality rates were determined by state and thematic maps were made in QGIS software version 2.4.17. A total of 196,109 deaths were recorded in the investigated period, predominantly male, older, white, and low-educated. Among the clinical variables, cough, respiratory distress, dyspnea, and the presence of comorbidities stood out. A heterogeneous spatial distribution of deaths was observed, with rates ranging from 0.00 to 24.59 deaths/100,000 inhabitants, the highest rates were in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Amazonas, Ceara, Sergipe, Sao Paulo, and Pernambuco. These findings raise the need for investments on the part of public management and health systems and services in the most affected states, improvements in epidemiological surveillance, permanent health education, increased access to immunization and health prevention measures to control and monitor SARS caused by COVID-19.

Production and use of educational technologies in nursing post-graduation.

To report, under the light of Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, the experience of students with advanced educational practices, involving the production and use of technologies in the postgraduation nursing course of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Experience report of students from the post-graduation nursing program from the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, about the production of knowledge using educational technology and the application of active methodologies in the teaching-learning process for face-to-face and distance teaching. The post-graduate students participated in the educational process in a creative way, both during in-person and distance teaching. They created: domino games, educational videos, parodies, conceptual maps, virtual role-playing, an interactive quiz, among others. The experience of the students with the advanced educational practices, including the production and use of technologies in nursing post-graduation showed that the teaching-learning process can be innovative and planned to go beyond traditional methods.

Ocorrência de afecções podais em bovinos atendidos pela Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos, terapêuticos e econômicos

Abstract The objective was to study the occurrence of foot disorders in cattle treated at the Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, campus of the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco from 1999 to 2021. A retrospective study of the medical records was carried out, with a total of 334 cases, in which 613 lesions were diagnosed. A frequency distribution, with simple mean and standard deviation was performed to evaluate the data. Interdigital dermatitis was more frequent in 12.4% (76/613), double sole in 9.79% (60/613), chronic laminitis in 8.81% (54/613), sole ulcer in 7.83% (48 /613), and interdigital hyperplasia in 7.24% (45/613). Laminitis and its consequences accounted for 45% of the total injuries identified, followed by 36% of injuries of secondary or uncertain cause, and 19% from infectious diseases. The distribution of lesions between the limbs was 68% in the pelvic and 32% in the thoracic limbs. Females, raised in a semi-intensive system, Holstein, with a body score of III, and large size were more affected. Lameness was present in 78% (260/334), while 10% (33/334) did not present lameness. The case fatality and recovery rates were 9% (31/334) and 73% (243/334), respectively. In total, 51% of cases occurred in the rainy season and 49% in the dry season. The main cities of origin were Bom Conselho 22.75% (76/334), Garanhuns 18.86% (63/334), and Brejão 12.57% (42/334). The estimated cost of treatment was US$ 150.13/case. Diseases are probably directly linked to management failure on the property due to the nature of the diagnosed diseases, in addition to the significant cost of the treatment of these animals, with the need for prophylactic measures in order to avoid the economic losses associated with foot diseases.

Evaluation of Bulk Fill Composite Roughness Polished with Spiral Rubber Discs: An In-vitro Study

Introduction: Restorations with high surface roughness directly influences restorative procedure longevity. When used correctly, polishing systems optimizes the quality, aesthetics and longevity of composite resins. Aim: To evaluate the influence of three two-step polishing systems of spiral rubber discs on surface roughness of three different bulks fill composite resins. Materials and Methods: This in-vitro study was conducted from May, 2021 to January 2022, at the Universidade Estadual de Pernambuco, School of Dentistry, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Total 20 specimens of each resin {three Bulk Fill resins: Filtek One Bulk Fill (3M-ESPE), Aura Ultra Universal Restorative Bulk Fill (SDI) and Opus Bulk Fill (FGM)} were randomly divided into four groups (n=5 each). The three groups include test polishing systems {Sof-Lex Diamond Polishing System (3M/ ESPE, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA), Decamp Plus Twist Spiral EVE (Odon omega, Ribera Prato, SP, Brazil), Spiral Swivel (Jota, Ruth, Kanton St. Gallen, Switzerland)} and one control group include no polishing system. To assess surface roughness, before and after polishing, specimens were evaluated on a digital rugosimeter. Data was subjected to the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess normality, followed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare the mean between the different types of resins and types of polishers. Results: For the composite resins studied, significant differences were observed only when polished with Soflex Spiral (p-value=0.013). All polishing system caused a significant improvement in the roughness of composite resins compared to the control group. The mean roughness reduction comparison test between the types of polisher was significant (p-value <0.001), there was a significantly greater reduction in the roughness of EVE Decamp Plus Twist Spiral and Swivel Spiral polish system, compared to polish system from Sof-Lex Diamond Polishing System and control group. No statistically significant differences were found between EVE Diacomp Plus Spiral and Spiral Swivel polishing system. Conclusion: The spiral rubber polishers evaluated were effective in reducing the roughness of bulk fill composites. However, EVE Decamp Plus Spiral and Spiral Swivel polishers showed better results than Sof-Lex Spiral.

Reinforced masonry practical booklet

The main work explains the elaboration process of a didactic booklet that details the constructive method of reinforced masonry, final product of an investigation developed by the department of Architecture and Urbanism at Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), entitled “Alvenaria Cerâmica Armada: uma cartilha prática”[1], at 2020. This article presents a discussion concerning urban sustainability, here understood not from it ecological dimension only, but also from it’s social and cultural. The post-modern Productivism from the 70’s decades impulses an architectural production which impacts the landscape and life quality of city’s population, presenting a homogenization in what concerns architecture. Contrasting this universalized architectural movement, some notably Latin-American architectural offices, using materials and local techniques, started to answer the local demands (and international) under the sustainable directive, intending to use low cost and using resources and rejects from local site to build. Based on the practical experience at one of these offices, the Paraguayan office Gabinete de Arquitectura, it was possible to elaborate a guidebook synthesizing some precepts and building techniques in reinforced masonry, a method easily reached by the most popular layers of society. By this guidebook it is uncovered many possibilities for an architectural low cost production with both social and cultural commitments.
 
 [1] Reinforced Masonry Practical Booklet.

First Report of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri causing Citrus Canker on lime in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Citrus canker caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri is one of the most important citrus diseases in the world (Gottwald et al. 2002), mainly for citrus-producing countries with humid sub-tropical regions such as United States, Argentina, and Brazil, where losses may be significant (Behlau et al. 2020). In the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, citrus production is expanding and shows social and economic importance for small farmers, which produced approximately 297 tons of lime in this state in 2019 (IBGE 2021). In December 2019, we observed symptoms of erumpent lesions with margins surrounded by yellow haloes on leaves and fruit of the lime (Citrus aurantifolia cv. 'Galego') (about 5% incidence) in a plantation located in the municipality of Mossoró, RN (05°12'21.1"S, 37°19'16"W). Samples were collected from the lime orchard, and five bacterial strains (CCRMXC01 to CCRMXC05) showing yellow, convex, mucoid colonies were isolated in a nutrient-yeast-dextrose-agar medium (NYDA). Pathogenicity tests were performed on sweet orange (C. sinensis cv. 'Pêra') and lime (C. latifolia cv. 'Tahiti') seedlings. Four wounds per leaf (upper side) were carried out with an entomological pin and 10 µl of a bacterial suspension (108 CFU mL-1) were deposited on each wound. The negative control consisted of leaves treated with sterile distilled water (SDW). For each citrus species, we used four replicates per strain and one leaf with four wounds per replicate. Inoculated leaves developed erumpent lesions with margins surrounded by yellow haloes six days after inoculation (DAI) in both citrus species, while leaves treated with SDW remained symptomless. Nine DAI, we reisolated the pathogen and performed rep-PCR (REP, ERIC, and BOX-PCR) analyses (Gama et al. 2018) with the strains inoculated and reisolated to confirm the identity of the strains and to fulfill Koch's postulates. The strains were stored at the Culture Collection Rosa Mariano (CCRM) of the Phytobacteriology Laboratory at the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. The five strains reisolated showed the same REP, ERIC, and BOX-PCR profiles as the strains used for inoculations. The molecular identification was performed sequencing the dnaK, fyuA, gyrB, and rpoD genes (Young et al. 2008). Each fragment was sequenced in both the forward and reverse directions. Using the BLASTn tool, we observed that sequences of the dnaK (GenBank MW218913 to MW218917), fyuA (GenBank MW218918 to MW218922), and rpoD (GenBank MW218928 to MW218932) genes of the strains CCRMXC01 to CCRMXC05 showed 100% of identity with the sequences of these genes from the type strain (ICMP 24T) and of other strains of X. citri subsp. citri (ICMP 21 and ICMP 7493), while sequences of gryB (GenBank MW218923 to MW218927) of the former strains showed 100% identity with the gyrB sequence of the strains ICMP 24T and ICMP 7493 and 99,85% identity with strain ICMP 21. This short variation in the sequence of the gyrB gene also may be observed among strains of X. citri subsp. citri available in NCBI database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The phylogenetic analysis performed using Bayesian inference and the concatenated sequence of all the type or representative strains of species and pathovars of Xanthomonas available in GenBank showed that the strains CCRMXC01 to CCRMXC05 clustered together with strain ICMP 24T with 1.0 posterior probability. To our information, this is the first report of X. citri subsp. citri causing citrus canker on lime in RN state, Brazil.

ESTÁGIOS SUPERVISIONADOS DE ENFERMAGEM E A DIMENSÃO HUMANA DA FORMAÇÃO NA CONCEPÇÃO DOS DOCENTES

Nursing education is a dynamic process that is constantly changing. Currently, we want the profile of a professional who not only has technical-scientific skills, but also adopts a critical-reflexive and humanistic approach based on ethics. O aprender a cuidar em Enfermagem perpassa por questoes que vao alem do saber teorico, exigindo outras formas de agir, no que tange a formacao e pratica apoiadas na humanizacao. This study aimed to understand the senses of humanization in the teacher-student relationship during the supervised internships in Tertiary Health Care services of a graduation. Nursing course in the interior of Pernambuco. This study aimed to understand the senses of humanization in the teacherstudent relationship during the supervised internships in Tertiary Health Care services of a graduation. Nursing course in the interior of Pernambuco. And as specific objectives: To investigate what is the perception about human relationship between teacher and student during supervised internships; identify how the relationship between teachers and students is developed during such activities and; To analyze how this relationship can affect and or impact on the development and performance of pairs. We emphasize that the study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, with the Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Appreciation (CAEE) of n. 05009218.4.0000.5208. The research in question was characterized by a qualitative approach, of an exploratory nature and to obtain the data, we conducted semistructured and audio-recorded interviews, from March to May 2019, with seven supervising professors from a Private Higher Education Institution in Agreste de Pernambuco, who fallowed the Supervised Internships in the Tertiary Care to Health. Data analysis took place from the perspective of Bardin and the obtained results showed that both teachers and students understood and recognized that a humanized relationship, in the context of supervised internships, is based on respect for beliefs, values and principles, aiming at the comprehensiveness of the human being. Besides, the studies show us that the type of relationship established between this binomial can impact in various ways on the development of its activities. This research made it possible to identify and understand the meanings of humanization in the teacher-student relationship during the exercise of Supervised Internship, through a practice based on the integrality of being. Keywords: Human Formation. Nursing. Humanization. Education. Supervised Internship.

3 - Política e Democracia na Guiné-Bissau pós-colonial


 
 
 This study aims to analyze the political determinations that interfere with democratic stability in Guinea-Bissau. The work fits in the field of political sociology, addresses the connection between political relations within the structures of the State and the democratic process. It seeks to understand the impact of these relations on the process of socioeconomic and political development of the country, especially in the period after the colonial independence, having as its theoretical reference the post-colonial thought, applied to the political processes of African countries. This research used the qualitative method, accompanied by semi-structured interviews conducted in Guinea-Bissau with key informants and documentary research based on official documents from the Guinean government. The result was that there were several determinants that influenced in the various phases of the country’s political life. The weak affirmation of the normal procedures of a democracy, which includes disputes over political power aiming to control the state apparatus, economic crisis, problems of poverty, coups d’état led by military with participation of politicians, leading to the current situation, of constant instability and institutional precariousness.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Arnaldo Sucuma, Professor no Centro Universitário de Patos – UNIFIP/Paraíba/Brasil; Professor no Centro Universitário da Vitória de Santo Antão – UNIVISA/Pernambuco/Brasil; Professor na Universidade do Estado de Pernambuco – UPE/Brasil. Email: arnaldoarsu@gmail.com
 
 

1 - Peace and Democracy in Mozambique: An Endless Transition


 
 
 
 
 
 Mozambique has long been considered a political success story in Africa. Nevertheless, it was clear from the signing of the General Peace Agreement in 1992 and the first general elections in 1994 that the official narrative of this success hid severe problems. The major challenge for Mozambican democracy has been the management of the electoral process. With little transparency and not much evidence of legal process, the consequence has been the repeated resurgence of political tensions and military clashes between Renamo and the Frelimo-led national Government. This paper seeks to explore the relationship between ‘negative peace’ and the lack of transparency in Mozambican electoral processes, whose main consequence is an ‘endless transition’ towards a ‘normal’ model of democracy.
 
 
 
 Luca Bussotti, Associate Visiting Professor, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil. Associate Researcher, Centro dos Estudos Internacionais, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (CEI-IUL), Portugal. Email: labronicus@gmail.com
 
 

5 - Uma basofaria crioula: considerações sobre as narrativas O meu poeta (1992), A morte do meu poeta (1998), de Germano Almeida e Biografia do língua (2015) de Mário Lúcio Sousa


 
 
 Laughter can be understood and used by/under several aspects, but in these considerations it is read in its political-ideological bias, in line with the interpretation of the comic in its implication and social responsibility, as recommended by Wole Soyinka (1988), when define it, too, as a resource for raising awareness and facing the structures of oppression. As objects of discussion of these analytical perspectives, the literary corpus is centered on the narratives of the Cape Verdean writers Germano Almeida and Mário Lúcio Sousa, who have great national and international projection, moving through different spaces of artistic and public life, most notably in their performances as literary creators and elected deputies. So, here, in a synthetic way, I trace readings on the works O Meu Poeta ([1990], 1992) and A Morte do Meu Poeta (1998), by Germano Almeida, and Biografia do Língua (2015), by Mário Lúcio Sousa, to problematize how these books use risibility in dealing with demands and categorizations about race, ethnicity, gender and class in the context of Cape Verde. Thus, this work is expected to be able to contribute to the bibliography referring to investigations on Cape Verdean literature(s), as well as to studies about the comic in African writings in Portuguese.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mariana Andrade Gomes, Pesquisadora Associada I da Coordenadoria de Estudos da África da Universidade Fedral de Pernambuco (CEAf-UFPE), Co-Coordenadora do Grupo de Estudos Dúdú Èrò (PE), Brasil. Email: gomes.marianaandrade@gmail.com
 
 

7 - Para (re)pensar política científica no Brasil: uma contribuição feminista contra-colonial


 
 
 This study aims to share some reflections on how the colonial matrix of power underlies the constitution of the Brazilian scientific politics. The perspective used is that of the feminist contra-colonial theory, in order to mark and support the analysis on how the mechanisms of oppression based on race, gender and class exploration can be institutionalized and enter in the disputes that serve as a base for the production of scientific knowledge. Such reflections are the results of a walk which can be thought in terms of two avenues of research. The first considers the politics of higher education as a part of the scientific-political field. It has to do with research previously realized with women scientist working in universities of the Brazilian scientific periphery. The second seeks to think of aspects to be considered in the history of the institutionalization of the scientific politics, using a documental research, whose sources are represented by an analysis of legislation, statistical data and other documents. Among them it is worth remembering the analyses coming from documents belonging to the data-base of the main research funding agency of the national decisional scientific, technological and innovation system: the National Committee for the Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq. Through these investigative paths and starting from a feminist contra-colonial criticism, this research reveals the multiple systems of domination which configure an intersectional nature of the oppressions which also compose the scientific politics of the country.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Vivian Matias dos Santos, Professora Adjunta (dedicação exclusiva), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Departamento de Serviço Social, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Brasil. Email: vivian.matias@ufpe.br
 
 

Trends in the molecular epidemiology and population genetics of emerging Sporothrix species.

Sporothrix (Ophiostomatales) comprises species that are pathogenic to humans and other mammals as well as environmental fungi. Developments in molecular phylogeny have changed our perceptions about the epidemiology, host-association, and virulence of Sporothrix. The classical agent of sporotrichosis, Sporothrix schenckii, now comprises several species nested in a clinical clade with S. brasiliensis, S. globosa, and S. luriei. To gain a more precise view of outbreaks dynamics, structure, and origin of genetic variation within and among populations of Sporothrix, we applied three sets of discriminatory AFLP markers (#3 EcoRI-GA/MseI-TT, #5 EcoRI-GA/MseI-AG, and #6 EcoRI-TA/MseI-AA) and mating-type analysis to a large collection of human, animal and environmental isolates spanning the major endemic areas. A total of 451 polymorphic loci were amplified in vitro from 188 samples, and revealed high polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.1765–0.2253), marker index (MI = 0.0001–0.0002), effective multiplex ratio (E = 15.1720–23.5591), resolving power (Rp = 26.1075–40.2795), discriminating power (D = 0.9766–0.9879), expected heterozygosity (H = 0.1957–0.2588), and mean heterozygosity (Havp = 0.000007–0.000009), demonstrating the effectiveness of AFLP markers to speciate Sporothrix. Analysis using the program structure indicated three genetic clusters matching S. brasiliensis (population 1), S. schenckii (population 2), and S. globosa (population 3), with the presence of patterns of admixture amongst all populations. AMOVA revealed highly structured clusters (PhiPT = 0.458–0.484, P < 0.0001), with roughly equivalent genetic variability within (46–48 %) and between (52–54 %) populations. Heterothallism was the exclusive mating strategy, and the distributions of MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 idiomorphs were not significantly skewed (1:1 ratio) for S. schenckii (χ2 = 2.522; P = 0.1122), supporting random mating. In contrast, skewed distributions were found for S. globosa (χ2 = 9.529; P = 0.0020) with a predominance of MAT1-1 isolates, and regional differences were highlighted for S. brasiliensis with the overwhelming occurrence of MAT1-2 in Rio de Janeiro (χ2 = 14.222; P = 0.0002) and Pernambuco (χ2 = 7.364; P = 0.0067), in comparison to a higher prevalence of MAT1-1 in the Rio Grande do Sul (χ2 = 7.364; P = 0.0067). Epidemiological trends reveal the geographic expansion of cat-transmitted sporotrichosis due to S. brasiliensis via founder effect. These data support Rio de Janeiro as the centre of origin that has led to the spread of this disease to other regions in Brazil. Our ability to reconstruct the source, spread, and evolution of the ongoing outbreaks from molecular data provides high-quality information for decision-making aimed at mitigating the progression of the disease. Other uses include surveillance, rapid diagnosis, case connectivity, and guiding access to appropriate antifungal treatment.

Statistics education from the perspective of statistical literacy: Reflections taken from studies with teachers

The aim of this article is to discuss aspects of statistical literacy from research on statistics education conducted with teachers and developed by the Research Group on Mathematics and Statistics Education (GPEME) at the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). These investigations were influenced by international discussions on a perspective of statistical literacy that focuses not only on knowledge and technical procedures of curriculum content in statistics, but also on developing critical attitudes towards approaching data. The reflections are based on the analysis of research with teachers of different levels and teaching modalities, who engaged in problem-solving activities associated with various topics in statistics. The article problematizes the challenges of addressing statistical literacy in the initial and continuing education of teachers who learn and teach statistics. Discussions are included on research that has methodologically addressed teacher participation in groups that involve cooperative and collaborative processes and that associate teacher education with this broader perspective of statistical literacy. The research presented offers empirical evidence that an effective pedagogic strategy to improve teachers’ knowledge of statistics is to explore of dialogic situations in which they may be led to reflect on their own interpretations of statistical data related to contemporary contexts that involve different themes. Reflections on the research results also indicate some possible pedagogic implications and the need for future research that may better develop the topics studied.

Drugs used in the treatment of women with breast cancer treated at a Brazilian reference Hospital

The aim of this study was to identify the main symptomatic and chemotherapy medications used to treat women with breast cancer at Hospital do Cancer de Pernambuco; state of Pernambuco, Brazil. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach. Three hundred and seventeen women participated in the survey, who were interviewed in an outpatient clinic unit specialized in Mammary Pathology at Hospital do Cancer de Pernambuco, where, after consenting, they answered a questionnaire related to their clinical treatment. The data were described through the analysis (absolute numbers), isolated percentages, and intervals; then these data were demonstrated through tables. The results identified the medications that are part of participants' chemotherapy regimen, the main ones being Paclitaxel, Cyclophosphamide, and Doxorubicin.It was possible to notice that women used medications before chemotherapy, where the main ones are: Dexamethasone and Ondansetron.It was also observed that 107 women use other medications, in addition to those already mentioned, such as antihypertensives and antidiabetics.

Taxonomy of Petrosiidae Van Soest, 1980 (Haplosclerida, Porifera) from Brazil.

Petrosiidae (Haplosclerida, Demospongiae) is characterized by the hard and friable consistency, and an isotropic reticulated skeleton of oxeas/ strongyles. The Brazilian coast and oceanic islands harbor three out of four known genera of Petrosiidae: Neopetrosia de Laubenfels, 1949; Petrosia (Petrosia) Vosmaer, 1885 and Xestospongia de Laubenfels, 1932. A taxonomic survey of samples from several expeditions housed at the Porifera Collection of Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, with additional comparative materials obtained from the Museu de Cincias Naturais, Fundao Zoobotnica do Rio Grande do Sul, and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco enabled the description of two new species: P. (P.) revizee sp. nov. and X. dorigo sp. nov. We also recorded a range extention for Neopetrosia proxima and Xestospongia muta, and Xestospongia grayi was synonymized with X. muta. Other species reported from the country are diagnosed, and an identification key for Petrosiidae from Brazil is provided.

Beyond the Disease – History of the House for Patients with Chagas Disease and Heart Failure of Pernambuco (Casa do Portador de Doença de Chagas e Insuficiência Cardíaca de Pernambuco)/PROCAPE-UPE/Brazil

Where it all began The history of the Chagas Disease and Heart Failure Outpatient Clinic of the Prof. Luiz Tavares Cardiology Emergency Unit of Pernambuco, at Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE), began in August 1987 at Hospital Universitário Oswaldo Cruz (HUOC). When it was created, in 1884, this hospital worked mainly providing care for patients with infectious and parasitic diseases. Since that time, the hospital worked with diseases that later became known as unassisted (nowadays named and classified as neglected diseases [...]

Brazil advances in its research on Covid-19 in patients with autoimmune diseases

Dr. Cláudia Marques addresses some doubts regarding the development of the virus in patients with rheumatic diseases and talks about the studies being carried out in Brazil. In a dialogue with Dr. Cláudia Marques, rheumatologist and professor at the Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil, different questions and research on Covid-19 and autoimmune diseases are addressed, taking as a starting point that despite the large amount of information produced in the last year on SARS-CoV-2, there are still some doubts, mainly related to the frequency of Covid-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases. At the beginning of the pandemic the great fear was that these patients would develop more severe forms of the disease and that, to date, is not very well established, taking into account that studies have different results in this regard. In this new video blog we address the different concerns about the virus, its vaccination and the tests that are currently being developed in Brazil to provide an answer. "

PNS13 Comparative Network Efficiency Analysis of Brazil Response to COVID-19 at State Level

Efficiency analyses of health systems are often limited to hospital applications or macroeconomic evaluations considering a single production process. This application using a two-stage prevention and cure network perspective highlights nonparametric frontier estimations more coherently with the current COVID-19 pandemic scenario. This two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis methodology estimates cost efficiencies of preventing an increasing propagation of COVID-19 using the Federal Government COVID-19 expenditures as input and the inverse rate of cases as output (standardized by population) in the first stage. The second stage for the technical efficiency (cure model) has the number of ICUs, ventilators and medical staff (nurses, assistants and physicians) as input and success rate (the difference between the number of infected and deaths) as output. Two efficient states on both prevention and cure models (Acre and Roraima). Pernambuco is deemed efficient in preventing COVID-19 (3 states total), and São Paulo, Mato Grosso, Amapá, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (7 states) in cure. About 1400 ICU admissions, 590 ventilators and more than 100 thousand medical staff can be spared directed by best practices from these seven efficient states. The most inefficient states in preventing the pandemic are São Paulo (0.028), Bahia (0.076), Rio Grande do Sul (0.087) and Paraná (0.098), also reporting low social isolation. The most inefficient states in cure are Rio de Janeiro (0.231), Pernambuco (0.277), and Rio Grande do Norte (0.439). The proposed methodology offers an interesting framework combining both public health perspectives as responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Brief comments can be made on Pernambuco's mapping technologies available for the general population; the cooperation between the government and NGOs in Roraima for providing EPIs, tests, food and hygiene items for indigenous districts (reducing potential propagations without expanding governments expenditures); and Acre's campaigns for basic hygiene, and pandemic control.

Influence of socio-economic indicators and territorial networks at the spatiotemporal spread dynamics of Covid-19 in Brazil

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; This work aims to provide an overview of the territorial evolution of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in Brazil using socio-demographic variables, for the time span between February 26, 2020 until January 24, 2021. Socio-demographic indicators, basic sanitation infrastructure data, and epidemiological bulletins were integrated using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) to develop a social vulnerability index (SVI), to estimate the degree of exposure risk of the Brazilian population to COVID-19. The results indicate that the majority of confirmed cases were reported from the main Brazilian capitals, linked to well-developed port and airport modes. In terms of deaths, the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Ceará and Pernambuco were at the top of the ranking. On the contrary, there were some states of the mid-west (Mato Grosso do Sul) and the north (Acre, Amapá, Roraima, Rondônia and Tocantins), that recorded low mortality indexes. The SVI reveals that the states of the north and north-east are the most vulnerable. Regarding the metropolitan areas, it was observed that the main capitals of the north and north-east, with the exception of Salvador, present significantly more critical numbers in terms of dissemination and deaths by COVID-19 than the capitals of the south-southeast, where the SVI is lower. The comparative exception was Santa Catarina state metropolitan areas. Finally, as the virus does not strike everyone in the same way, one of the great challenges is to search for solutions to cope with COVID-19 in the face of very unequal realities. Thus, a reflection on the strategies adopted by the Brazilian government is relevant, while considering the continental dimensions and the diversity of the Brazilian regions, to obtain a better analysis of the more vulnerable populations and social groups.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;