DC Series Motor Research Articles

Prototype Model of Electric Locomotive Traction System

Abstract: Electrical locomotive is driven by DC series motor of 12V. The torque produced by motors is used to move the locomotive. The main supply to the motor is given through pantographs. The total length of path is 6 feet approximately. The other main equipment are rectifiers, Step-down transformer. Rectifier is used for conversion of alternating current to direct current, Step-down transformers used for convert high voltage power to a low voltage The railway is one of the largest and oldest methods of the transportation in our country serving many people in many ways. The major problem in railways is derailing and obstruction to the locomotive in different ways. Traction is basically two types, electrical traction and nonelectric traction. Electric traction is most advantageous and economical with less maintenance when compared to other.

Series Motor Four Quadrants Drive DC Chopper Controllers Noise Cancellation

DC Series motor armature reaction causes EMI. EMI generates noise signals that affect feedback sensor readings, feedback controller function, and controller halting. This paper discusses software discrete filter and RLC hardware filter noise cancellation and filtering. The filter eliminates EMI-induced IGBT gate firing noise. Matlab/Simulink tests the filter circuit and digital filter control method, confirming software and hardware filter implementation.

Automatic Speed Control of DC Series Motor by Using Arduino

Automatic Speed Control of DC Series Motor by Using Arduino

Effect of Faulty Solenoid Starter on the DC Series Motor Performance in Railway Industry

Effect of Faulty Solenoid Starter on the DC Series Motor Performance in Railway Industry

Speed Control of DC Series Motor PV System via Improved Harmony Search Algorithm

This article introduces the speed adjustment of the DC motor solar system. The developed design matter of the speed controller is established as an optimization problem. Improved Harmony Search Algorithm (IHSA) is employed to seek for optimum Proportional Integral (PI) parameters of speed controller by diminishing the time domain cost function. The performance of the suggested IHSA based speed control of DC motor has been contrasted with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the traditional PI controller found by Ziegler Nichols (ZN) under diverse operating cases and disturbances. The results of the suggested IHSA are confirmed via time domain analysis, and diverse performance indices. Simulation results have proven the influence of the developed approach in adjusting the speed of the DC motor over PSO and traditional algorithms.

Improved Harmony Search Algorithm for Speed Control of DC Series Motor PV System

This article introduces the speed control of the DC motor solar system. The developed design matter of the speed controller is established as an optimization problem. Improved Harmony Search Algorithm (IHSA) is employed to seek for optimum Proportional Integral (PI) parameters of speed controller by diminishing the time domain cost function. The performance of the suggested IHSA based speed control of DC motor has been contrasted with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and the traditional PI controller found by Ziegler Nichols (ZN) under diverse operating cases and disturbances. The results of the suggested IHSA are confirmed via time domain analysis, and diverse performance indices. Simulation results have proven the influence of the developed approach in adjusting the speed of the DC motor over PSO and traditional algorithms.

Fuzzy SMC for Quantized Nonlinear Stochastic Switching Systems With Semi-Markovian Process and Application.

This article is concerned with the issue of quantized sliding-mode control (SMC) design methodology for nonlinear stochastic switching systems subject to semi-Markovian switching parameters, T-S fuzzy strategy, uncertainty, signal quantization, and nonlinearity. Compared with the previous literature, the quantized control input is first considered in studying T-S fuzzy stochastic switching systems with a semi-Markovian process. A mode-independent sliding surface is adopted to avoid the potential repetitive jumping effects. Then, by means of the Lyapunov function, stochastic stability criteria are proposed to be dependent of sojourn time for the corresponding sliding-mode dynamics. Furthermore, the fuzzy-model-based SMC law is proposed to ensure the finite-time reachability of the sliding-mode dynamics. Finally, an application example of a modified series dc motor model is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical findings.

PI Speed Control with Reverse Motion of a Series DC Motor Based on the Noise Reduction Disturbance Observer

In this paper, the speed control of a series DC motor is presented together with the electronics necessary to ensure inverse motion. The control law is based on the classical PI controller and the noise reduction disturbance observer (NRDOB). This control strategy allows the use of a linear approximation of the motor dynamics due to its excellent properties regarding model uncertainties, sensor noise, and external perturbations. Consequently, a linear model based on the nonlinear modelling with magnetic saturation of the motor is also presented. The NRDOB-based control frequency-domain approach allows for the treating of structured and unstructured disturbances in the spirit of classical control theory. Although PI controllers have proved to provide excellent performance and robustness for the speed control of series DC motor, it cannot cope, without affecting or reducing the performance, with the effects of sensor noise; moreover, to further improve the performance, especially in tracking conditions, it is necessary to design and implement a power driver capable of generating inverse motion. In addition, because NRDOB is in fact an internal model control strategy, a perfect match between process and model is not required. That is, contrary to the common belief that the NRDOB is a 2-DOF, it is in fact a 3-DOF control scheme. Based on these characteristics, it was possible to design and implement a robust high-performance speed control system with reverse motion for the non-linear series DC motor with not well-defined relative degree, together with the electronics required for the reverse motion which is fully described. This results in a control system capable of overcoming the problems generated by input disturbances and sensor noise, ensuring robustness and performance in tracking and regulation conditions. Real-time experimental results are included in support of the approach presented here.

Study and Analysis of Dual Mode Operation of Single DC Motor (Series and Separately Excitation Modes)

This paper presents a novel idea of a method to run DC series motor and then into DC separately excited mode and vice versa during operation. The purpose of this paper is to give an analysis of a real-time study performed experimentally for both series and separately excited operation of DC motor. The DC motor initially started in series mode giving high torque at a constant load in the form of an inertia wheel as starting load. The motor is then switched to separately excited DC mode with the help of switches after attaining the required number of rpm or speed. High speed with sufficient torque and good controllability is observed in separately excited DC motor mode. Eventually, this system has been proven with experimental results and proposed for numerous applications, especially where high starting torque and less speed are required and after that, high speed is required. Analyzing results with the help of MATLAB previously, a hardware-based real-time operating system has been provided. This setup can be proposed for various applications such as battery-operated DC machines especially Electric Vehicles and off-road Electric Vehicles and Solar powered applications as well.

Artificial intelligence driven speed controller for DC motor in series

Recently a lot of work have been done to implement artificial intelligence controllers in the field of electrical motors. This paper presents a novel speed controller, developed through Reinforcement learning techniques, applied to series dc motors. We emphasize the ease of developed controller in available off the shelf hardware for industrial use. We used the open- source Python package gym-electric-motor [1] for environment setup, pytorch framework for developing the controller and .NET for performance evaluation.

Electric Machines Virtual Laboratory: Testing of DC Motor

This article describes the realization of testing the characteristics of a DC motor on Simulink as a virtual laboratory. Testing of DC motors based on real conditions in a physical laboratory by combining two DC machines coupled to shafts including DC motors and DC generators. The types of DC motors tested include separately excited DC motors, shunt DC motors, and series DC motors. The implementation of the Simulink model adopts the wiring diagram in the real test. The test procedure is also adopted on the real test procedure. The data from the test results are made in DC motor characteristics graph. Virtual laboratory using Simulink can be used to realize DC motor testing, including test procedures, running no-load DC motors, increasing the load of DC motors with infinitely simulation features on Simulink. The results of the study show the characteristics of the experimental data for all types of DC motors tested according to the theory.

Modeling and Analysis of Mamdani Two-Term Controllers Using Non-Uniformly Distributed Multiple Fuzzy Sets and CoA/CoG Defuzzification

While fuzzy controllers with multiple fuzzy sets and non-uniformly distributed membership functions have the potential to provide better system performance, from the literature, it appears to the authors that till now, no one has found exact mathematical models of fuzzy PI/PD controllers with non-uniformly distributed multiple fuzzy sets and Center of Area (CoA) defuzzification. To bridge this gap, in this paper, analytical structures of the general Mamdani type fuzzy PI/PD controllers are presented using unequally distributed multiple fuzzy sets, Minimum (Min) t-norm, Maximum (Max) s-norm, Larsen Product (LP) inference, and CoA defuzzification. For the purpose of comparison, analytical structures of the controllers are also obtained using Center of Sums (CoS) defuzzification. Properties of the newly obtained controllers are analyzed and compared. Since digital computers are often used for simulation, a rough estimate of the computational complexities and memory requirements are provided. To show the applicability of the newly developed controllers, a nonlinear DC series motor and a nonlinear plant with dead-time are considered. The effectiveness of the proposed controllers is finally shown through a detailed system performance comparison.

Network-based quantized [formula omitted] control for T–S fuzzy singularly perturbed systems with persistent dwell-time switching mechanism and packet dropouts

This paper focuses on the H∞ control problem for a class of discrete-time persistent dwell-time (PDT) switched nonlinear singularly perturbed systems (SPSs) under T–S fuzzy model. In order to make the system more consistent with the actual situation, the signal quantization associated with a logarithmic quantizer and the packet dropouts governed by a Bernoulli variable are considered simultaneously. And, the persistent dwell-time switching mechanism is employed to describe the fast and slow switching among several subsystems in the investigated systems alternatively. Based on the Lyapunov function approach and Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy technique, some sufficient conditions are obtained, which can ensure the exponentially mean-square stable (EMSS) and H∞ performance of the closed-loop system. In addition, a unified fuzzy controller design methodology is established for the nonlinear SPSs, so that the fuzzy controller can be designed depending on whether the fast states of the systems are available or not. Finally, a numerical example and a series DC motor model are provided to demonstrate the superiority and practicability of the obtained theoretical results.

Photovoltaic Power System Supplying DC Series Motor.(Dept.E)

In this paper the electrical performance of a DC series motor supplied by a photovoltaic power supply (PVPS) through a pc chopper is evaluated. A PVPS is operated at a maximum power point. this means that it consists of photovoltaic array and a maximum power traking system . The later is used to trak maximum power point. A DC chopper is used for controlling thr motor current and the motor torque the effect of insolation level on the motor current suppliing at different speed and at various firing anglesof thyristor is presented. The effect of series connections of solar cells on the motor performance is also studied. The effect of DC chopper-which is consider as a control unit- upon the motor performance is illustrated. The relationship between the motor current and intensity of radiation at different speed is studied. The study shows that: the motor current increases with increasing of the illumination and the main thyristor ON time. Besides, the motor current is inversely proportional to the motor speed. The effect of series combination is also illustrated. The study shows that a linear variation of motor current wiyh the number of series cells.

Series Motor Four Quadrants Drive DC Chopper Part3:Field Weakening mode

This paper describes the operation of a field weakening mode of a new four quadrants DC chopper (FQDC) that can be used to extend the speed of an Electric Car (EC). A mathematical model and real experiment are used to verify the effectiveness of the field weakening mode of the proposed FQDC. First, Matlab/Simulink is used to simulate the system under study and the results indicate that the proposed approach is effective. This is followed by a real experiment using a prototype electric vehicle driven by a DC series motor. The results of the experiment show that the proposed FQDC successfully performed the operation as intended.

New Series Motor Four Quadrants Drive DC Chopper for Economical EV Part5: Parallel mode

This is part five of an eight-part series of a new Four quadrant dc chopper. The paper describes the parallel mode of the proposed Four Quadrants DC Chopper (FQDC) for a series motor. The mode is designed to overcome a disadvantage of dc series motors which is the speed reduction under load. First, it is studied via simulation using Matlab/Simulink model. Then the FQDC is experimentally tested on a 0.65kW series motor in a lab setup. Finally, a MATLAB/Simulink model is developed to apply the FQDC to a 35kW series motor that propels an electric car (EV). The results indicate that the proposed technique manages to prevent the speed drop of a dc series motor when loaded. This is evident when the EV is subjected to a hill climb.

Toward a Reinforcement Learning Environment Toolbox for Intelligent Electric Motor Control.

Electric motors are used in many applications, and their efficiency is strongly dependent on their control. Among others, linear feedback approaches or model predictive control methods are well known in the scientific literature and industrial practice. A novel approach is to use reinforcement learning (RL) to have an agent learn electric drive control from scratch merely by interacting with a suitable control environment. RL achieved remarkable results with superhuman performance in many games (e.g., Atari classics or Go) and also becomes more popular in control tasks, such as cart-pole or swinging pendulum benchmarks. In this work, the open-source Python package gym-electric-motor (GEM) is developed for ease of training of RL-agents for electric motor control. Furthermore, this package can be used to compare the trained agents with other state-of-the-art control approaches. It is based on the OpenAI Gym framework that provides a widely used interface for the evaluation of RL-agents. The package covers different dc and three-phase motor variants, as well as different power electronic converters and mechanical load models. Due to the modular setup of the proposed toolbox, additional motor, load, and power electronic devices can be easily extended in the future. Furthermore, different secondary effects, such as converter interlocking time or noise, are considered. An intelligent controller example based on the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm that controls a series dc motor is presented and compared to a cascaded proportional-integral controller as a baseline for future research. Here, safety requirements are particularly highlighted as an important constraint for data-driven control algorithms applied to electric energy systems. Fellow researchers are encouraged to use the GEM framework in their RL investigations or contribute to the functional scope (e.g., further motor types) of the package.

Experimental based Comparative Analysis and Characteristics of DC Series Motor by using Different Techniques

In this paper, distinct techniques of speed controlling of a DC motor & its characteristics are discussed. DC series motor control by using resistive controller with and without PLC is proposed. The DC motor has a wide range of speed control, which can be used in robots, drilling, cutting, and household and other occasions. The motor voltage can be changed by inserting a resistor in series with DC motor. In this paper, armature resistive drive control technology and motor control PLC technology are used to control motor speed. PLC is used to control resistance of motor, thereby reducing driving voltage to change the speed. The results confirm the authenticity efficiency of the expected method of controlling motor speed.

ABS using Fuzzy Logic in MATLAB and Its Hardware Implementation

This paper proposes a cheap and effective method to interface the concept of FUZZY LOGIC and (Antilock Braking System) ABS system used in cars and bikes for preventing the condition of wheel locking and wheel slipping and if wheel slipping occurs then how much of intensity of brake should be applied to keep the vehicle in control of the user. This decision is taken by Fuzzy System which makes decision based on user inputs namely Obstacle, Brake force and Slip ratio. The Fuzzy system gives an Pulse Width Modulation output based on three intensity levels of brake will be applied such as High Brake , Medium Brake and No Brake. Hardware Implementation consists of an MCU which is interfaced with an LCD and DC Series motor which displays intensity of brake applied and motor represents the motion of the actual wheel of a vehicle respectively.

Performance Analysis of Submerged Vehicle Electric Propulsion with DC Motor 2x1850 kW 380 Volt which Supplied Power 10260 AH on 190 VDC in Series and Parallel Circuits

a n electric DC motor that is used as a main propulsion, typically used on ships with high maneuverability, special ships, ships wtih great cargo load, and the ships that use prime movers non-reversible (generally using a gas turbine, steam turbine and high-speed diesel in its use is unlikely to reverse its rotation quickly). As for the expected results we will obtain the characteristics (such as torque and rotation) on a series DC motor series and in parallel on the propulsion system, determines where an efficient circuit for the propulsion system, getting long use of batteries used for such needs. In this research will be assessed numerically by simulation using MATLAB-Simulink the drive system by using a DC motor in a vehicle submerged was carried out together series and parallel. The result obtained is the same input voltage of 190 Volt same torque value of 140 Nm is generated at the motor circuit series and parallel. So that a series circuit, generating a service speed of 12 knots and 21.5 knots using a converter, and usually when submerged condition in the sea. For parallel circuit produces speed of 14 knots and 11 knots using a converter