Daughter In Law Research Articles

From the Everyday to the Extraordinary: Economic Evidence for Queenship in the Chamber Books

ABSTRACT The Tudor Chamber Books (1485–1521) are a useful, underexplored source for examining queenship. In addition to the two queen consorts, Elizabeth of York and her daughter in law, Catherine of Aragon, there is interesting coverage of Margaret and Mary Tudor who became respectively Queen of Scots and Queen of France, as well as the early years of Mary I. This article demonstrates how financial records can shed new light on pivotal moments in a royal woman's life, including childhood, betrothals and weddings, widowhood, joys such as coronation ceremonies and stresses of childbirth and infant (or even maternal) loss. It demonstrates the utility of the Chamber Books themselves and of wider financial sources in charting the lives of royal women and understanding more deeply the rhythms and responsibilities of queenship. This article is part of a research cluster in this issue on the economic power of medieval queens.

Generational trends in the transition to womanhood in lowland rural Nepal: Changes in the meaning of early marriage.

In South Asia, studies show secular trends toward slightly later women's marriage and first reproduction. However, data on related biological and social events, such as menarche and age of coresidence with husband, are often missing from these analyses. We assessed generational trends in key life events marking the transition to womanhood in rural lowland Nepal. We used data on 110 co-resident mother-in-law (MIL) and daughter-in-law (DIL) dyads. We used paired t-tests and chi-squared tests to evaluate generational trends in women's education, and mean age at menarche, marriage, cohabitation with husband, and first reproduction of MIL and DIL dyads. We examined norms held by MILs and DILs on a daughter's life opportunities. On average, MIL was 29 years older than DIL (60 years vs. 31 years). Both groups experienced menarche at average age 13.8 years. MIL was married at average 12.4 years, before menarche, and cohabitated with husbands at average 14.8 years. DIL was simultaneously married and cohabitated with husbands after menarche, at average 15 years. DIL was marginally more educated than MIL but had their first child on average 0.8 years earlier (95% CI -1.4, -0.1). MIL and DIL held similar norms on daughters' education and marriage. While social norms remain similar, the meaning of "early marriage" and use of menarche in marriage decisions has changed in rural lowland Nepal. Compared to DIL, MIL who was married earlier transitioned to womanhood more gradually. However, DIL was still married young, and had an accelerated trajectory to childbearing.

IJCM_107A: A study on healthcare seeking behaviour among the geriatric population residing in southeast Delhi: A community based cross sectional study

Background: Health-seeking behaviour is defined as ‘any activity undertaken by individuals who perceive themselves to have a health problem or to be ill for the purpose of finding an appropriate remedy. The severity of the disease among elderly is influenced by one important factor which is health seeking behaviour. To regain their lost health status the elderly must seek the treatment. The way people conceptualize the cause of their health problem and their perception of symptoms plays an important role in seeking healthcare. Health seeking behaviour is influenced by few factors like illiteracy, misconception, income, family composition, social isolation and dependency. Objective: To assess the healthcare seeking behaviour among the geriatric population residing in the field practise area of a Medical College in South East Delhi. Methodology: Community-based cross-sectional study conducted in South East Delhi. • The sample size was calculated as 350 considering a relative error of 3% at 95% level of significance and 10% non-response rate. Stratified random sampling with probability proportional to size was applied to the population registered at UHTC & RHTC area of a medical college in southeast Delhi. Households were selected by systematic random sampling. Persons aged > 60 years from the households were selected for the study. A self-designed, pre-tested, validated, structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results In our study it was found that the majority of the participants take treatment when they fall sick ie 99.5%. Of those who take treatment 54% go forconsultation whereas 48% take over the counter medication and 33% do home remedies. Out of the 54% who consult, 78.7% visit Private health facility and 21.3% visit Public health facility. Out of the 78.7% who visit private health facility 65.9% visit Non registered medical practitioner and 7.1% don’t even know whether their doctor is registered or not. Majority of the participants ie 86% preferred health facility within 1kms of their house & it was also a major reason for choosing a health facility for consultation. 98% of the participants visit only in case of illness. 52% were accompanied by their children or daughter in law and 26% visited alone. Conclusion: The participants favoured more private than public healthcare institutions. Nearby medical facilities were favoured, and non-registered medical professionals comprised the majority of them. Almost all senior people received therapy of some kind rather than dismissing it as an issue unique to ageing.

Examining the influence of Mother-in-law on family planning use in South Asia: insights from Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan

BackgroundContraceptive use contributes to improved maternal and child health, education, empowerment of women, slow population growth, and economic development. The role of the family in influencing women’s health and health-seeking behavior is undergoing significant changes, owing to higher education, media exposure, and numerous government initiatives, in addition to women’s enhanced agency across South Asia. Against this backdrop, this study assesses the relationship between women’s living arrangements and contraceptive methods used in selected south Asian countries (India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh).MethodsData of currently married women aged 15–49 from the recent round of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of four South Asian countries, i.e., Nepal (2016), Pakistan (2017–18), Bangladesh (2017–18), and India (2019–21) had been used. Bivariate and multinomial logistic regression was performed using Stata with a 5% significance level.ResultsLiving arrangement of women had a significant association with contraceptive use in South Asia. The Mother-in-law (MIL) influenced the contraceptive method used by the Daughter-in-law (DIL), albeit a country-specific method choice. Modern limiting methods were significantly higher among women living with MIL in India. The use of the modern spacing method was considerably high among women co-residing with husband and/or unmarried child(ren) and MIL in Nepal and India. In Bangladesh, women living with husband and other family member including MIL were more likely to use modern spacing methods.. Women co-residing with the MIL had a higher likelihood of using any traditional contraceptive method in India.ConclusionsThe study suggests family planning program to cover MIL for enhancing their understanding on the benefits of contraceptive use and modifying norms around fertility. Strengthening the interaction between the grassroots level health workers and the MIL, enhancing social network of DIL may help informed choice and enhance the use of modern spacing methods. Women’s family planning demands met with modern contraception, and informed contraceptive choices, must also be achieved to reach the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

Marriage and Child Birth: Paradigms of ‘Social Imaginary’ in Githa Hariharan’s ‘The Thousand Faces of Night’

Marriage in Indian concept is undoubtedly knotted with chastity and fulfillment of duties towards spouses. A persistent view of the society inclines these so- called virtues solely to women- the gender that plays the role of ‘relationship savior’ in most of the marriages. Githa Hariharan, an editor and well known Indian writer in her first novel ‘The Thousand Faces of Night’, chose to position women in an arena of idealizing themselves as perfect married off ladies in the society. The three central figures of the novel, Devi, her Amma, Sita and Grandmother are seen in different sequences speaking and performing acts of ‘dharma’ or duties to life. in relation to the enactment of their corresponding roles such as wife, daughter in law , mother and numerous other which does not fall under the roof of marital bonds. Devi’s grandmother takes her through flights of mythical stories and seals her within the walls of trust and fidelity in a married life. The female central character ponders over each story narrated to her by her grandmother and hears mind voices thus placing herself in a world of Social Imaginary. The imaginary (or social imaginary) is the set of values, institutions, laws, and symbols through which people imagine their social whole. It is common to the members of a particular social group and the corresponding society.

Study among geriatric people residing in urban and rural area and associated factor with depression in Nepal

Background: Depression is a common and major public health problem among geriatric people, but it is not a normal part of aging. It is not just a low mood or feeling sad, but a serious condition that needs treatment and has serious effects on physical as well as mental health. It is one of the hidden problems of the geriatric people.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 196 elderly people from Kaski district of Nepal using geriatric depression scale to assess the level of depression. Wards of metropolitan was randomly selected and represented as urban area and ward of rural municipality were randomly selected and considered as rural areas. Data were collected by face-to-face interview among geriatric people. Data were analyzed by SPSS v.16 version. The appropriate statistical tests were applied based on the nature of the data, setting the level of significance at p<0.05.Results: Out of total 196 study participants 101 were from urban area and 95 from rural area. The overall prevalence of depression was 55.1%. In this study geriatric depression was significantly associated with: spouse status, living arrangement, satisfaction with living condition, family support, family care, abuse, relationship with son, relationship with daughter in law, work, discrimination, social isolation and loneliness and health problems.Conclusions: More than half of the elderly population had developed depressive symptoms. Immediate addressing of geriatric depression by providing health services, counseling and harmonious relationship among geriatric people and family members especially their son and daughter in law should be created by providing social support and counseling to family members.

Positive and Negative Interactions between Mother-in-law and Daughter-in-law: What about Son-in-law?

Mother-in-law (MIL) and daughter-in-law (DIL) relationship is frequently studied due to its turbulent nature. Conflict with mother-in-law also contributes to poorer marital satisfaction. However, few researchers have included son-in-law (SIL) in their studies and neglected how this relationship contributes to couples’ marital satisfaction. This study included son-in-law and investigated the relationships between couples’ positive and negative interactions with mother-in-law and their relationships with marital satisfaction. A total of 197 Malaysian Chinese dual-earners (110 males and 87 females) reported on the following scales: positive and negative interactions with mother-in-law, and marital satisfaction. Gender differences are compared between mother-in-law/daughter-in-law relationship and mother-in-law/son-in-law relationship. These variables were tested via four hypotheses, the relationship between positive interactions with mother-in-law and marital satisfaction, the relationship between negative interactions with mother-in-law and marital satisfaction, and gender differences in the associations tested. Gender differences were found in negative interactions with mothers-in-law and their associations with marital satisfaction. The results were discussed in regards to the importance of the inclusion of son-in-law in examining in-law relationships and marital satisfaction.

Role of popular media and breaking the cycle of domestic violence

Fear and anxiety are factors strongly associated with the pandemic and exacerbate the pre‐existing rate of domestic violence. Drawing evidence from popular media and existing literature, it is possible to study domestic violence in present‐day society and try to analyze the cycle of violence. During the lockdown, on‐screen media such as cinema and streaming platforms have become popular. Archaic remnants of patriarchal ethos may leave the father as a passive observer and creates barriers for the involvement of the father. Inculcating a sense of moral pride in the father regarding the daughter and daughter in law will improve family dynamics and reduce the rates of violence. As times are changing, paradigm shifts in policy and program regarding the interventions are necessary for a more fluid and suitable response by the government and community‐based organizations to cater to modern society.

OVERTHROWING THE MATRIARCH: „ STRIBOR'S FOREST“ AND „BRIDESMAN SUN AND BRIDE BRIDEKINS“

If we understand „Croatian Tales of Long Ago“ not only as a collection of fairy tales, but also as an authentic piece of women's writing, i.e. as a text that records, embodies and articulates gender specific experience, new venues open for the analysis of this literary masterpiece..The two tales discussed, „ Stribor's Forest“ and „Bridesman Sun and Bride Bridekins“, I understand as the two sides of a coin, the two solutions of the same problem. On the surface, the two stories seem to have different plots and different characters, but if we look beyond the manifest content we find the same conflict latent to both tales: the conflict of the two generations of women, the old mother and the daughter in law. Talestalk about subverting and re-establishing female hierarchies, about subjecting to or rebelling against the rule of the matriarch. In both tales, the masculine is marginal, a mere object, while feminine is active; the subject. The female position, differentiated into the heroine and the villain(esse), is in each of the stories studied from the different perspective, i.e. the different character is the subject. „Stribor's forest“ demonizes the daughter in law and proclaims her power over the male illegal andher sexuality monstrous, while the old mother is raised to the pedestal of the defender of the righteous order of the maternal rule. In contrast, „Bridesman Sun and Bride Bridekins“ casts the rebel in the role of the heroine. Rejecting the maternal choice of a husband, she opposes oppressive maternal rule, described as monstrous, and successfully takes over.

Did psychopathology in Indian psychiatric patients change following the COVID-19 pandemic?

Did psychopathology in Indian psychiatric patients change following the COVID-19 pandemic?

Traditional Attenuation of Inequality: Neutral Meaning of Body Size among the Yorùbá of Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract Body size is a profound ground of inequality in modern global society. Moreover, constructions of body size are racially polarized, with blacks being reputed for venerating large body. Proceeding with a triangulation of qualitative methods, this phenomenological study featured forty-two in-depth interviews, eight focus group discussions and eighteen key informant interviews among men and women of varying body sizes in two of the six states of southwestern Nigeria. Findings reflect dominantly neutral meaning of body size among the Yorùbá. This neutrality is dominantly reflected in the literal questioning of meaning that Yorùbá attach to body size, and who becomes a king in Yorùbá land but partially neutral in acceptability of prospective son or daughter in-law. Divinity, orí (fate), ìwà (good behavior) and ọmọlúàbí (good person) are among phenomena that counts in discerning people’s worth. Meaning attached to body size is opposed to common-place attitude to body size, making this attitude to be profane while meaning is solemn. This meaning is tremendously in favour of optimum health, and attenuating inequality, for which even black societies are perpetrating in the globalized world. Traditional Yorùbá value of human person is irrespective of body size.

Desi Fusion and the Lyall Farm Store: The Challenges of Balancing Profits, Tradition and Social Responsibility in a Rapidly Developing India

This case is about an Indian female entrepreneur, Ms.Pavit Sidhu Puri, who was attempting to profitably create opportunities for impoverished women producing traditional hand-crafted products and environmentally-friendly, homemade traditional Indian delicacies. She was CEO of 2 businesses — Lyall Farm Store (LFS) and Desi Fusion (DF). LFS was established by Gursharan Kaur in 2004. It mainly dealt in traditional hand-made food items likes herbs, spices, pickles and other staple foods, while DF was launched in 2011 by Pavit Sidhu Puri, the daughter in law of Gursharan Kaur. DF’s products gave a modern twist to the traditional Phulkari (the handmade embroidery work of the Punjab) by converting it into products like laptop and mobile covers, handbags, wines covers and tissue boxes. Both businesses have been doing very well. They have been profitable so far, but the number of orders had been decreasing. They have encountered problems involving sourcing the right raw material, ensuring the availability of labor keeping the costs low, as well as creating awareness and acceptance among customers. After the death of Gursharan Kaur, Pavit was left alone to surmount the problems at both companies. She had inherited a legacy and as well as initiated her own venture. Now she was at a juncture where she had to overcome the present problems and place both ventures on growth trajectory.

Religion around John Donne (Religion Around, Vol 4.) By JoshuaEckhardt. Pp. xii, 194, University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2019, $49.95.

Religion around John Donne (Religion Around, Vol 4.) By JoshuaEckhardt. Pp. xii, 194, University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2019, $49.95.

Influence of Mother-in-law on Family Size

Background: Under the patriarchal joint family society system, a young married woman is under the control of the mother-in-law, who heads the power hierarchy. Objective To assess the influence of mother-in-law on family size and to compare it between two geographically different communities of Lahore and Bahawalpur. Methodology: Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative Setting: Lahore and Bahawalpur, Punjab. Duration of study: May to July 2019. A total of 100 questionnaires were filled, 50 from Lahore and 50 from Bahawalpur. Information on demographics, family size, and mother in laws responses to her wish related to family size was noted. The influence of mother-in-law on family size was assessed by analyzing the family size of the daughter in law with regards to the mother in law wishes to have more children. Results: Overall, 57% of mother in law wanted more children, 66% of sons favored mothers, and 62% of mothers hold household budget. This study showed that in Lahore, the majority, 29 (58%) families had 0-2 children, whereas, in Bahawalpur, 14 (28%) % had 0-2 children. (P-value =0.00) In Bahawalpur, 23(46%) of mother-in-law wanted their daughter-in-law to have more children versus 34(68%) in Lahore, (p value=0.02). In Bahawalpur, 33(66%) and in LHR 34(68%) of mother-in-law said that the bearing of more children will badly impact the health of their daughter-in-law. (p value=0.4). Conclusion: Mother-in-law's wish to have more grandchildren has a significantly inverse influence on the family size of her daughter in law. The majority of the mother in-laws knew that more children could result in poor child care. The majority of the mother-in-laws has control over the household budget and their son favored them.

Topic Avoidance as a Boundary Management Strategy in Communication With a Mother‐in‐Law

ObjectiveTo examine the relational outcomes of daughter‐in‐law (DIL) topic avoidance with her mother‐in‐law (MIL).BackgroundDILs are known to use disclosure and topic avoidance in an attempt to maintain independence and privacy with MILs. We hypothesize that DILs also use strategic topic avoidance as a boundary management process to regulate interactions.MethodWomen (N = 180, Mage = 36.84) completed a cross‐sectional online survey of open‐ and closed‐ended questions regarding self‐disclosure, topic avoidance, relationship closeness, trust, and uncertainty. Analyses included qualitative thematic analysis and coding for open‐ended data, and a parallel effects mediation model for quantitative data.ResultsTopic avoidance statistically mediated the association between self‐disclosure and relationship closeness, trust, and uncertainty. Qualitative coding revealed avoidance motivations used by DILs to create boundaries were based on specific topics, personal characteristics of the MILs, and coordinated responsibilities to another person.ConclusionThere are several reasons why DILs avoid communication with MILs. Topic avoidance is one way that DILs control privacy boundaries with MILs.ImplicationsDILs should be encouraged to develop rules regarding their own communication of private or co‐owned information with MILs. These privacy management rules can foster independence in an involuntary relationship.

Indian History, Myth and Panchaali in The Palace of Illusions

The Palace of Illusions, a rendition of the great epic Mahabharata subtitled as Panchaali's Mahabharata’, provides a powerful voice to Draupadi. She was a proud princess of King Drupad, obedient daughter in law of Kunti, graceful wife of Pandvas and a true Sakhi of Lord Krishna but she had no voice at all. Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, the Indian American novelist revealed her inner core heart which was unheard and unseen by the patriarchal society of the time. Hayden White argued that historical writing was influenced by literary writing in many ways, sharing the strong reliance on narrative for meaning, therefore eliminating the possibility of objective or truly scientific history (White Hayden, Winter 1973) "Interpretation in History" New Literary History.4:281-314.). This paper discusses whether the re-creation of Panchaali's narrative in The Palace of Illusion would provide a new meaning to her character , consequently bring a change in Indian society or influence Indian myth and Indian culture in future.

Mother-in-Law Reports of Closeness to Daughter-in-Law: The Determinant Triangle with the Son and Husband.

For a mother-in-law (MIL) and daughter-in-law (DIL), the benefits of maintaining a close relationship weave through other central family relationships. Those relationship triangles start with one's son, who is the other's husband, and echo through the raising of any grandchildren from the marriage. The current study examined the factors that related to MIL reports of having a close relationship with her DIL. Using survey data gathered from 267 MILs authors report on a regression model that included six factors that predicted closeness. Within the MIL relationship, the MIL reporting that the DIL was helpful and had similar interests to her predicted a close relationship. When the MIL reported being close to her son and the son being happy with the relationship she had with the DIL, this predicted a closer relationship between the MIL and DIL. The MIL feeling left out within the relationship triangle with the son and DIL was associated with less closeness. Closeness was increased when the MIL reported more time spent per month with the DIL. The article concludes with a discussion of research and practice implications.

A Meta-analytic Study of Predictors for Informal Caregiver Burden in Patients With Stroke

BackgroundSeveral studies have reported on predictors for caregiver burden in patients with stroke, but the magnitude of the impact of these variables remains unclear. The aim of the study was to determine the magnitude of relationship between each predictor and caregiver burden. MethodsArticles related to this filed were search in PUBMED, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library electronic database from the upset to May 2018. Of the 812 articles identified, 22 were included in the final analysis (3025 patients and 2887 caregivers). Weighted correlation coefficient (r-index) was computed as effect size for each predictor. ResultsOf predictor variables of patients, the activity of daily living and anxiety had moderate to large effect sizes; gender, neurological function and depression had the small to moderate effect sizes. Of caregivers’ predictors, depression, anxiety, and sense of coherence had large effect sizes; gender, daughter in law, physical health and employment status had small to moderate effect sizes. ConclusionsThe most powerful predictors of caregiver burden using meta-analysis were identified to direct future research and evidence-based practice.

무카시바나시(昔話)에 서사된 혼인담의 관점 연구 : ‘인간 對 인간’의 혼인을 중심으로

It was understood that the marriage story of ‘Mukashibanashi’ presupposed a hostile awareness against institutions and customs even within family relations. The story about the son-in-law, let a foolish son-in-law go to his wife’s parents’ home alone. In the process, the woman’s wisdom was added to the crisis, but ultimately, it was in the way of reaffirming the stupidity below the level in front of wife’s family.BR The story about the son-in-law, let a foolish son-in-law go to his wife’s parents’ home alone. In the process, the woman’s wisdom was added to the crisis, but ultimately, it was in the way of reaffirming the stupidity below the level in front of wife’s family. And, It was That the story in the daughter-in–law escape a mother-in-law from hostile relation by the witty and wisdom, or stood up against her with rash and blind character.BR The marriage story of ‘Waraibanashi’ has relieved family conflicts and victory through a daughter-in-law who is considered the weakest among the family in the male-centered social system. It can be described as explicitly expressing a reversal of the formula of the both ‘stronger equal winner’ or ‘weaker equal loser’. This means the system and customs of the time to suppress the women and establish the patriarchal order, that is the challenge to the established morality and the expression of the popular awareness.

Cultural appropriation and (mis)translation in Petina Gappah’s ‘Washington’s wife decides enough is enough’

ABSTRACTBased on a close reading of ‘Washington’s wife decides enough is enough’, which is taken from Rotten row, this paper discusses how Gappah deploys the themes of cultural appropriation and (mis)translation to anchor the tensions between tradition and modernity. In the focal story, the writer uses the conflict between a mother-in-law and daughter–in-law to foreground the social and cultural appropriation of the Shona cultural nudity curse, its subsequent misidentification and desacrilization by other members of the family, witnesses, the police, and the media. This drama takes place in the contemporary urban space of Harare, which, as I argue, is a largely detraditionalized space.