Data Gathering Techniques Research Articles

ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION MATERIALS FOR CONTENT COURSES IN THE TEACHER EDUCATION

The Teacher Education curriculum can serve as meaningful context for teaching the future teachers environmentally responsible behaviors. This study aimed to review the Content Courses in the Bachelor of Elementary Education curriculum in order to identify entry points of Environmental Education (EE) integration, to assess the available Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) EE materials, and to develop and validate exemplar session plans with EE integration. The developmental-descriptiveevaluative method of research was used. The data gathering techniques used were documentary analysis, assessment of DENR EE materials using an adapted rubric, and validation of proposed session plans using a researcher-made rubric. A total of 19 syllabi for Content Courses in BEED were analyzed, and 15 DENR EE materials and 22 session plans were assessed. Results showed that the EE concepts can be well-integrated in the Content Courses of the Bachelor of Elementary Education as indicated by the identified entry points for EE integration. The EE materials developed by the DENR were found to be highly appropriate, highly relevant, and highly flexible as instructional materials for EE integration in the different Content Courses. The proposed session plans integrated with EE were rated very good to excellent by the jurors, thus ready for delivery to teacher education students.

El primer año de la universidad. Condiciones de trabajo docente, modalidades de admisión y abandono estudiantil desde la perspectiva de los profesores

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las perspectivas de profesores de primer año de algunas facultades de la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina, en relación con las condiciones en que se desarrolla la docencia universitaria. Dentro de estas perspectivas se indagan específicamente las valoraciones sobre el sistema de admisión y los modos en que interpretan el abandono en los primeros años. En el marco de una investigación que contempla una fase cualitativa y una cuantitativa aquí se presentan los resultados obtenidos en la segunda de estas fases. La técnica de recolección de datos implementada fue un cuestionario a docentes de primer año de la universidad mencionada. Se realizó un análisis de correspondencias múltiples, así como análisis bivariados. Los resultados generales indican que la mayoría de los docentes están de acuerdo con el ingreso directo, con instancias de ambientación y acompañamiento, y otorgan centralidad a las problemáticas propias de los ingresantes como causas principales del abandono en primer año. El estudio apunta a destacar la importancia de reconocer al primer año como un ciclo con características específicas.

Performance assessment of electronic theses and dissertations initiatives in Nigeria

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of electronic theses and dissertations (ETD) initiatives in the repositories of federal government-owned universities due to the poor global visibility of ETDs from Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach An explanatory case study empirical research method was adopted for the study. Using an adapted methodology of Ghosh (2009) and multiple data gathering techniques, data was collected based on the three domains of the network of excellence on digital libraries (DELOS) digital library reference model. Findings The ETD initiatives in repositories of Nigerian federal universities have not made remarkable progress as digital libraries based on policy, content and system architecture. The specificity of ETDs is not clearly stated in the policies where available. The repositories housing the ETDs are also not compliant with the open archive initiative-protocol for metadata harvesting framework. Research limitations/implications The study focussed on ETD initiatives in federal government-owned universities. Although the findings of the study are relevant to other institutions in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. It cannot be used as a basis for the generalisation based on other performance metrics. Practical implications This research study concluded that electronic theses and dissertations in Nigerian institutional repositories are not well managed for effective service delivery and long-term accessibility. The ill-management of the ETD initiatives is the reason for the poor global visibility and accessibility of these research output from this part of Africa. Originality/value The study assessed ETD initiatives using constructs from a theoretical framework.

Pelindungan Hukum Bagi Pasien Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Medis Melalui Pengadilan (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan Nomor 538/Pdt.G/2016/PN.Jkt.Sel)

Salah satu kasus kegagalan mediasi di pengadilan terdapat pada perkara Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan No.538/Pdt.G/2016/PN. Jkt. Sel Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Selatan serta mengetahui pelindungan hukum terhadap pasien dalam penyelesaian sengketa medis melalui pengadilan pada perkara tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi deskriptif analitis. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara kepada narasumber, yaitu satu hakim Pengadian Negeri Jakarta Selatan, dua hakim Pengadilan Negeri Semarang, satu Panitera Perdata Muda Mahkamah Agung dan wakil ketua MKEK, serta studi kepustakaan yang dilakukan dengan mempelajari bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa penggugat/pasien tidak mendapatkan pelindungan hukum saat melakukan penyelesaian perkara sengketa medis di pengadilan. Hal ini dikarenakan hakim salah dalam membuat pertimbangan. Pada perkara ini penggugat mengajukan gugatan langsung ke pengadilan agar bisa menyelesaikan perkara dugaan malpraktik operasi facelift. Akan tetapi gugatan penggugat pada perkara ini tidak dapat diterima. Menurut pertimbangan hakim sengketa medis antar dokter dan pasien itu seharusnya melalui MKEK terlebih dahulu. Pertimbangan ini berdasarkan SEMA Tahun 1982 (tanpa nomor) dan pendapat ahli, padahal jika menggunakan analogi MKEK diperlakukan sama dengan MKDKI, maka pengajuan gugatan sengketa medis tidak dipersyaratkan untuk diproses melalui MKEK terlebih dahulu. Kemudian yang menjadi salah satu penyebab tidak relevannya pertimbangan hakim pada putusan ini, yaitu karena SEMA yang menjadi landasan hakim dalam membuat putusan tidak ditemukan dimanapun, bahkan setelah di konfirmasi di Biro Hukum dan Humas Mahkamah Agung, selain itu juga sudah banyak peraturan perundang-undangan yang seharusnya dapat digunakan menjadi pertimbangan pada putusan ini seperti Undang-Undang No. 36 Tahun 2009, Undang-Undang No. 29 Tahun 2004, dan Undang-Undang No. 44 Tahun 2009. Kata kunci: Pelindungan hukum pasien, penyelesaian sengketa medis, putusan pengadilan, MKEK.

Implementation of Puskesmas Accreditation and Protection of Patient Rights in Health Services at Puskesmas Rembang Regency

A Puskesmas or Health Center is one of the health service facilities having a duty of implementing health policies to achieve health development goals in its working area. Puskesmas is required to have accreditation every three years to ensure that quality and performance improvement and risk management implementation are continuously done. The accreditation is expected to guarantee the protection of the rights of the patients as service users of Puskesmas. There are 17 Puskesmas at Rembang District in which 94.1% of them have been accredited to see the degree of compliance with the Puskesmas accreditation standards.This study used a socio-legal approach having a descriptive-analytics specification. It used primary and secondary data meanwhile the data-gathering technique was conducted through field and literature studies. The data were then qualitatively analyzed.The results of the study showed that the accreditation to the Puskesmas of Rembang District was carried out according to the legislations of the Health Minister’s Regulation Nr. 75 of 2014 and the Health Minister’s Regulation Nr. 46 of 2015. One of the regulations on patient’s rights protection at Puskesmas was the Decree of Puskesmas Head regarding the patients’ rights to get services. The Puskesmas accreditation had been guaranteed the patients’ rights protection, but not optimally. Some factors were influencing the Puskesmas accreditation and the patients' rights protection to get health services at Puskesmas, namely juridical factors, technical factors, and other social factors.

Human Rights Perspectives on Voluntary Health Workers Nurses Who Work at Government Agencies

Nurses as professionals whose existence is recognized by the State have rights that should be fulfilled and protected as professionals and general citizens. The rights that have been guaranteed by various laws and regulations are supposed to remain insufficient to comprehensively accommodate voluntary health worker nurses spreading over the country. Various Indonesian laws and regulations on human rights have guaranteed the rights to work and decent life as well as the rights to recognition, legal certainty, and legal protection. This study aimed to know about the rights to obtain work and decent life viewed from the human rights perspective besides knowing about the guarantee of recognition, legal certainty, and legal protection to voluntary health worker nurses at Bima City, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This study was conducted at Bima City’s General Hospital and Paruga Health Center (Puskesmas). It applied a socio-legal approach and explicative-analytical specification. The data-gathering technique was carried out through interviews with informants, namely the Head of General and Personnel Affairs of Health Office of Bima City, the Head of General and Personnel Affairs of Personnel and Human Resources Office of Bima City, the Head of General and Personnel Affairs of Bima City’s General Hospital and Puskesmas Paruga beside twenty voluntary health worker nurses. The results of this study showed that there was no written legal regulation regarding the procedure of recruiting voluntary health worker nurses in the form of regional regulation nor the Mayor’s Decree that could be used as a legal basis for recruiting voluntary health worker nurses. This led to implications of the fulfillment of the rights to the voluntary health worker nurses, especially in the matters of work and decent life beside guaranteed legal recognition, certainty, and protection.

A Case Study of Curriculum Unpacking Practices of a Kindergarten Teacher

Curriculum unpacking, defined as the process of interpreting the intended curriculum into classroom instruction, is important in the overall success of the school curriculum. As a critical process that serves as a bridge between the intended curriculum and classroom instruction, however, there is a paucity of research about it. Hence, this study aimed to describe the curriculum unpacking practices of a teacher. It entailed a qualitative research design specifically a case study to look closely into the single context of a purposively selected kindergarten teacher in a public school. The main data gathering techniques used were key informant interview and document review. The data obtained were subjected to thematic analysis. The result of the study revealed that the participant follows a generally linear process in unpacking the curriculum as noted in the compliance to the minimum standards of the intended curriculum, main consideration of the learner while translating the intended curriculum into instruction as mandated in the law, and alignment of the curriculum and instructional components. However, qualitative probes uncovered possible errors such as misinterpretation of the developmentally appropriate principle espoused by the intended curriculum and discrepancy between the curriculum standards and instructional activities. The implications in practice are discussed in the study.

A Preliminary Review of Eye Tracking Research in Interpreting Studies: Retrospect and Prospects

The field of Interpreting Studies (IS) has witnessed an exponential increase in the development of new data-gathering techniques aimed at investigating some of the underlying cognitive and psychological processes.The present article provides a preliminary look into research studies applying eye tracking technology in the field of IS over the past few decades. The present study also aims at exploring the theoretical basis for different applications of eye tracking equipment in the investigation of the cognitive processes underlying interpreting by analyzing empirical research studies related to cognitive aspects of translation. The sampled studies are analyzed in terms of the contribution they provide for the joint development of eye tracking research in IS, in terms of the methodology used and the way data are processed and presented.Finally, the present article concludes with a discussion on future research focusing on possible developments and applications of eye tracking to authentic interpreting situational contexts. The final section presents new challenges and opportunities for unexplored applications of eye tracking in the field of IS. It is argued that interdisciplinary approaches can show the full range of possibilities of eye tracking research in the field of IS.

Legal protection subject of research on health research in the field of dentistry education

Medical education is an integrated education unit of scientific knowledge and clinical science. In its implementation medical education is inseparable from researches on health as requirements of students' academic graduation in medical and dental education programs students. The researches in medical and dentistry education are carried out by the students under the academic supervisors' guidance by the field of study. The researches include observational and experimental researches. In these two types of researches, the students are required to involve the research subjects, both experimental animals and human beings. In carrying out the researches it is necessary to get the permission of the subjects to be involved as the research subjects. This relates to the rights fulfillment and legal protection of the research subjects, especially in the field of dentistry education. This was a socio-legal study having analytically descriptive specifications. This study used primary and secondary data and the data gathering techniques were through field and literature studies. The data obtained were then qualitatively analyzed. The results of the study showed that the legal protection, both preventive and repressive, to the health research subjects in dentistry education had not yet been realized despite there had been legal provisions regulating it, among others, Act Nr. 20 of 2013 on Medical Education and the Regulation of the Minister Research, Technology, and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia Nr. 18 of 2018 on National Standards of Medical Education. Also, the arrangement form of the research subject's protection in any research conducted by the students of dentistry education was a Dean Decree outlined in academic guidelines on students' scientific papers. The decree included academic, ethical, and general requirements. In practice, the existing health research legal arrangements had not been effective except in evaluation monitoring. This was because some factors influenced the legal arrangement implementation of research subjects, namely juridical factor that was the fact that the regulations were not understood by the students; a technical factor that was lack of human resources; and social factor that was lack of socialization to the health research subjects.

TRANSNATIONALISM OF INDONESIAN DIASPORA YOUTH: POLITICAL MOVEMENT THROUGH THE CONFERENCE OF INDONESIAN DIASPORA

Objectives: This paper is aimed to study the transnational activity committed by Indonesian diaspora through the process of global framing as a way to influence the Indonesian political policies, namely, the rights of dual citizenship.
 Methodology: This study uses a qualitative research method and the technique of interview, literature studies, and documentation data gathering. The use of multi-level strategy in transnational advocacy networks is utilised to find the patterns of network segmentation, where the multi-level strategy itself consists of the grassroots level, national to international level. 
 Main Findings: The process of global framing by IDN Global have also showcased the input and the ongoing process, however, the output and the outcome are yet to come in the phases of initiation which then resulted in the formulation of initiatives on transnationalism long term goals and sustainability. The discourse of diaspora constitutes a new culture of Indonesia, thus several transformations that are conducted by the government aimed in empowering its diaspora requires a deeper process and further research..
 Implication: In accordance to the transnational activities in the shape of global framing conducted by IDN Global in influencing Indonesian government policy shows input and ongoing processes, however, the output and overcome are yet in the process of initiation which resulted in the formulation of initiatives as an effort of a long term goal-oriented transnationalism.
 Novelty/ Originality of the Study: This writing will explain how far the effort of transnationalism conducted by the IDN Global, have accommodated the various aspirations to political contestation inside of the congress.

An Efficient Data Gathering Technique Using Optimal Minimum Coverage Spanning Tree Algorithm in WSN

A WSN system incorporates a gateway that provides wireless connectivity back to the wired world and distributed nodes. Many existing schemes were utilized for the purpose of increasing the data gathering capacity of sensor nodes from source to sink node. But the existing schemes suffered from maximum distance problem of reaching the sink node. Hence, to overcome those issues, we propose an energy efficient data gathering technique in WSN. Initially, in this paper, the sensor nodes are clustered using LEACH protocol. After the clustering process, cluster heads (CHs) are selected. These selected CHs in all the clusters are used for transferring the messages to the mobile node for data gathering. Then, optimal data transmission path is selected with the help of Optimal Minimum Covering Spanning Tree (OMST) algorithm. The OMST algorithm enhances data gathering and reduces the duration for reaching the sink node via selection of polling points. For reducing time complexity in MST, an efficient optimization algorithm is used. For an optimization purpose, particle gene swarm (PGS) model is used. From the experimental results, the proposed method achieved better results than the existing method in terms of energy, overhead, delay, delivery ratio, NLT and throughput.

An energy aware clustering and data gathering technique based on nature inspired optimization in WSNs

An efficient energy-aware clustering method helps in reducing the battery depletion of the different resources in WSNs. The selection of suitable sensors for cluster head can be an effective way to increase the proficiency of the clustering process. In the past two decades, a number of clustering methods have been proposed. However, most of the methods are suffering from the uneven variation in the number of the Cluster Head (CH), irregular energy consumption by the nodes, transmission of the redundant data, and unequal load of the cluster heads. This paper resolves these problems by proposing an energy-aware data gathering technique based on nature-inspired optimization for both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. It considers a fitness function by integrating four fitness parameters namely: energy efficiency, cluster node density, average distance of sensors to the CH, and distance from CH to Base Station (BS). This method considers a chain based data gathering and transmission process for intra and inter-cluster communication. A data aggregation process is also introduced for removing the redundant data which helps in decreasing the transmission cost and overhead of the networks. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated against the state of the art protocols by considering the different performance matrices like network lifetime in terms of rounds, stability period in terms of first node dead, total energy consumption per round, throughput, number of CHs per round etc. The experimental results show the network lifetime and throughput of the proposed method are increased by 23.14%, 29.42%, 60.48%, & 80.16%, and 38.38%, 40.06%, 71.88%, & 95.58%, in respect of the Senthil and Kannapiran method (Wirel Pers Commun 94(4):2239–2258, 2017), ICSCA (Gupta, Procedia Comput Sci 125:234–240, 2018), Adnan et al. method (Lect Note Electric Eng 362: 621–634, 2016), DEEC (Qing et al., Comput Commun 29(12):2230–2237, 2016), respectively, for 100 J network energy in case of tier-3 heterogeneity, respectively.

Habitantes de calle en Medellín, Colombia: sus normas, derechos y deberes

This article highlights some peculiarities related to the norms, rights and duties of people living in the streets of Medellín. This is a qualitative study that implemented data gathering techniques such as the ethnographic observation to get the starting information. Next, some semi-structured interviews were applied to 16 street dwellers and then analyzed in an Excel matrix to do the pertinent categorization. It is concluded that the subjects take contradictory stances regarding the norms: they adhere to punishment and authority logics even harder than those used by the society. At the same time, they feel free in their status as street dwellers, and even more when they are under effects of psychoactive substances. Some limitations are also observed for accessing to their rights, because the State fails to guarantee those rights

Challenges and Prospects of Local Development Plan Implementation in Dire Dawa: The Case of Kezira City Center

In the history of Ethiopian urban development, planned urban development is a recent phenomenon especially in Dire Dawa. In the past, many endeavors were made to guide the development of Dire Dawa in a planned manner. For instance, Kezira is the first urban center in Ethiopia developed with a proper plan since the beginning of the ‘Gezira’ plan of 1909. Recently, various local development plans have been developed as a means to realize the structure plan of the city. However, so far no study has been conducted that critically analyzes the implementation challenges of the Local Development Plans in Dire Dawa. The purpose of this study is therefore to assess the administrative challenges and prospects in the implementation of Kezira Local Development Plan (LDP) in Dire Dawa City. To this effect, three research questions were employed to guide the study. These were: 1) what are the major factors that necessitate LDP in the city; 2) what are the administrative challenges hindering the implementation of Kezira LDP; and 3) what are the major prospects in the realization of LDPs in the city? Moreover, two data gathering techniques: simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to obtain relevant data required for the study. In the primary data gathering technique, questionnaire that were designed and distributed to Kezira residents were used. For further elaboration, interviews were conducted with selected officials and experts from Dire Dawa Land Development and Management Bureau. Secondary data from different sources were employed. The data gathered from both primary and secondary sources were analyzed using descriptive and statistical methods such as percentages, tables, charts, and photos. The results of the study indicated that factors like centrality, strategic, and comparative and competitive advantages of the study area necessitated LDP intervention. Lack of adequate and experienced professional staff, poor documentation of plan implementation records, shortage of budget, lack of commitment of management and lack of political attention for public concerns, proliferation of rent seeking attitudes, lack of operational manuals and procedures, and the existence of significant number of bi-national properties (belonging to Ethiopia and Djibouti) such as housings in the study area were major challenges encountered in Kezira LDP implementation. The major prospects for the implementation of LDP in the city were the redevelopment, and other policy and regulatory interventions being made by the Federal and the City Administration of Dire Dawa. Finally, based on the analysis and conclusions, possible recommendations were suggested for alleviating the major challenges of LDP implementation in the study area. Thus, it is recommended that the Land Development Management Bureau should work in collaboration with the community and other relevant stakeholders and exert all possible efforts to mitigate the challenges and thereby enhance the performance of LDP projects in the city in general. Keywords: Urban Development, Kezira, Local Development Plan. DOI: 10.7176/CER/12-2-03 Publication date: February 29 th 2020

The development of the pictorial stories about solar panels for elementary schools

The main objective of this research was to produce a prototype of a pictorial story with the topic “Processing Solar Thermal Energy into Electric Energy”. This product could be used as a supplementary book for Grade IV of Elementary Schools. This product was made based on the limitations of the material in the 2013 Curriculum student book and the needs in the classroom. Research & Development (R & D) method was applied in this research, with six stages: (1) Potential and problem analysis, (2) Data collection, (3) Product Design, (4) Product validation, (5) Product Design Improvement, (6) Product Design Testing. The data gathering technique applied interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The product was approved by two validators with the average score of 3.16 (from a range of values 1-4); and was included in “good” category; so, it was worth testing in a student learning activity, after being revised. After implementing in 4th grade elementary school students, the product obtained an average score of 3.58 which was included in “very good” category. As the result, the prototype was worth to be implemented as a learning medium which was also a means of literacy in supporting the “Gerakan Literasi Sekolah” (school literacy movement).

ANALYSIS OF E-CRM, SERVICE QUALITY AND BRAND TRUST RELATIONSHIP WITH STUDENT SATISFACTION

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between e-CRM and student satisfaction, to find out the relationship between service quality and student satisfaction, to find out the relationship between brand trust and student satisfaction.
 Methodology: The questionnaire is used as a data-gathering technique with a total sample of 88 respondents, and it is using a purposive sampling technique. The collected data are then analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 19.
 Main Findings: The research result shows that e-CRM is positive and has no relationship with student satisfaction, service quality is negative and has a relationship with student satisfaction, and brand trust is negative and has no relationship with student satisfaction.
 Applications of this study: This study can be used for the management of the Economy and Business Faculty of Budi Luhur University Jakarta as an evaluation guideline.
 Novelty/Originality of this study: E-CRM and brand trust variables are negative and have no relationship with student satisfaction. Some recommendations for future research are also made.

Data gathering via mobile sink in WSNs using game theory and enhanced ant colony optimization

Optimal performance and improved lifetime are the most desirable design benchmarks for WSNs and the mechanism for data gathering is a major constituent influencing these standards. Several researchers have provided significant evidence on the advantage of mobile sink (MS) in performing effective gathering of relevant data. However, determining the trajectory for MS is an NP-hard-problem. Especially in delay-inevitable applications, it is challenging to select the best-stops or rendezvous points (RPs) for MS and also to design an efficient route for MS to gather data. To provide a suitable solution to these challenges, we propose in this paper, a game theory and enhanced ant colony based MS route selection and data gathering (GTAC-DG) technique. This is a distributed method of data gathering using MS, combining the optimal decision making skill of game theory in selecting the best RPs and computational swarm intelligence of enhanced ant colony optimization in choosing the best path for MS. GTAC-DG helps to reduce data transfer and management, energy consumption and delay in data delivery. The MS moves in a reliable and intelligent trajectory, extending the lifetime and conserving the energy of WSN. The simulation results prove the effectiveness of GTAC-DG in terms of metrics such as energy and network lifetime.

The Role of Civics Education in Enhancing Civic Virtues of Students: The Case of Wollo University; Ethiopia

The general objective of the study was to explore the practical benefits of civics and ethics course in changing the behavior and attitudes of university students and thereby contributing to the development of civic virtues. The study employed qualitative data gathering techniques such as personal interviews and qualitative content or document analysis. A total of 25 students union members, department and college heads, university security officials, heads of University Ethics and Anti-corruption directorate, heads of Student Services, and members of top management were participated in the study. They were chosen using purposive sampling techniques. The findings indicate that due to the teaching of civics and ethics, the knowledge of students have been improved. Howevr, students exercise their freedom and rights with out fulfilling their obligations. The university focus on providing too much rights for students. The student union, Feedback clubs and representatives of students do little to improve the behavior of students. Some students are not polite and punctual. Students respect the diversity among ethnic and religious groups. Lack of role models of in the part of instructors; the commitment and attention of the top leaders is not adequate; students are exposed to various drugs such as chat and alcoholism; there is low national feeling and vision; and Civics teachers are not interested to teach the course. The study recommend that use media, films and posters to raise the awareness of students about the national feeling; revise the civics and ethics curriculum by scholars and who are politically independent; history and geography courses should be taught as a common course for all students; instructors should give more attention to teach ethical values and principles and focus on duties and responsibilities; counseling and advice services should be provided for students; and legal measures should be taken by the university.

Metod slučaja - koncept i praksa

This paper deals with case study research as a qualitative method that has not been much written about in the Serbian sociology. In the first part, the authors discuss the very concept of case study research, its main forms, features and limits. Case study research is especially convenient for researches on a sociologically unknown terrain, and one of its main features is the use of numerous qualitative and quantitative data gathering techniques. In the second part of the paper, a methodological analysis of the research the authors conducted using case study method is presented. Differently from some other methods, case study research usually offers a closer contact with the real and live social world.

Tüketicilerin Özsaygı Algılamaları ve Otomobil Tercihleri Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Araştırma1 (The Relationship Between Consumers Self-Esteem Perceptions and Automobile Preferences: A Research)

Purpose – The aim of the study is to investigate whether the self-esteem perceptions of consumers change according to demographic characteristics and the relationship between automobile preferences and self-esteem perceptions. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was used as a data gathering technique in the study. The questionnaire consisted of 6 items measuring demographic characteristics, a self-esteem scale and a scale composed by researchers examining the automobile preference under five headings (design, equipment, economic, service, safety). In the study, it was examined whether self-esteem perception and automobile preferences change according to demographic characteristics. Independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, factor analysis, correlation and regression analysis were used for data analysis. Findings: It was seen that the self-esteem perceptions of the participants differed according to demographic characteristics, and the self-esteem perceptions of women, those between the ages of 36-40, those with postgraduate education and income of TL 4001 were higher than the other groups. In addition, a significant relationship was found between the participants' self-esteem perception and automobile preferences. Self-esteem perceptions affect automobile preference. Self-esteem perception affects the most security preference and least equipment preference. Discussion – According to the results of the research, especially in the automobile market where consumers think in detail when making decisions because of high prices and use psychological factors quite a lot, it is important to examine the self-esteem perceptions of consumers in order to give ideas to businesses in addressing consumers with personalized products and services.