Dangerous Chemicals Research Articles

Deep learning approach for prediction and classification of potable water.

Potable water, commonly known as drinking water, refers to water that is safe to drink and does not endanger human health. It must adhere to strict quality standards set by health organizations, be devoid of dangerous pollutants and chemicals, and meet certain requirements for safety. The health of the public and the ecosystem are directly affected by water quality. Various pollutants have posed dangers to water quality in recent years. A more efficient and affordable approach is required due to the grave effects of low water quality. In this proposed research work, deep learning algorithms are developed to predict the water quality index (WQI) and water quality classifications (WQC), which are vital parameters that can be utilized to know the status of the water. To predict the WQI, a deep learning algorithm called long short-term memory (LSTM) is used. Further, WQC is performed using a deep learning algorithm called a convolutional neural network (CNN). The proposed system considers seven water quality parameters, namely, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate, fecal coliform, and total coliform. The experimental results showed that the LSTM can predict water quality with superior robustness and predict WQI with the highest accuracy of 97%. Similarly, the CNN model classifies the WQC as potable or impotable with superior accuracy and a reduced error rate of 0.02.

Impartiality and fair play revisited

Impartiality and fair play revisited

Computational capabilities of a multicellular reservoir computing system.

The capacity of cells to process information is currently used to design cell-based tools for ecological, industrial, and biomedical applications such as detecting dangerous chemicals or for bioremediation. In most applications, individual cells are used as the information processing unit. However, single cell engineering is limited by the necessary molecular complexity and the accompanying metabolic burden of synthetic circuits. To overcome these limitations, synthetic biologists have begun engineering multicellular systems that combine cells with designed subfunctions. To further advance information processing in synthetic multicellular systems, we introduce the application of reservoir computing. Reservoir computers (RCs) approximate a temporal signal processing task via a fixed-rule dynamic network (the reservoir) with a regression-based readout. Importantly, RCs eliminate the need of network rewiring, as different tasks can be approximated with the same reservoir. Previous work has already demonstrated the capacity of single cells, as well as populations of neurons, to act as reservoirs. In this work, we extend reservoir computing in multicellular populations with the widespread mechanism of diffusion-based cell-to-cell signaling. As a proof-of-concept, we simulated a reservoir made of a 3D community of cells communicating via diffusible molecules and used it to approximate a range of binary signal processing tasks, focusing on two benchmark functions-computing median and parity functions from binary input signals. We demonstrate that a diffusion-based multicellular reservoir is a feasible synthetic framework for performing complex temporal computing tasks that provides a computational advantage over single cell reservoirs. We also identified a number of biological properties that can affect the computational performance of these processing systems.

LEGAL SHIELD TO THE PUBLIC AGAINST ABUSE OF CHEMICAL MEDICINAL RAW MATERIALS IN USUAL MEDICINE CONTAINING CHEMICAL MEDICINAL RAW MATERIALS

In Indonesia, usual medical systems have been practiced through hereditary traditions supported by cultural factors, customs, habits, and the social conditions of people. Almost everyone thinks that usual medicines are used as alternative medicines that are effective because they are made of ordinary ingredients without dangerous medicinal chemicals (BKO). The aim of this research was to determine legal shields and to know the oversight provided by the government regarding the circulation of usual medicines containing chemical raw materials. This study uses a standard legal procedure. Usual medicines containing chemical raw materials do not even have a distribution permit number for sale to the public. The form of legal shield given to the public as consumers of usual medicines containing chemical raw materials is a form of Defensive legal shield and repressive shield. Law No. 8 of 1999 on consumer shield also regulates the right to indemnity administered by consumers as individuals affected by the consumption of usual medicines containing hazardous chemicals. As a form of supervision, the government established the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (POM) based on Part 23 of Presidential Decree No. 103 of 2001. Another form of oversight given by the government regarding the circulation of usual medicines made from chemical raw materials is the 2012 Health Rules on registration of usual medicines, which are controlled in Law No. 36 Year 2009 on Health, which also regulates restrictions for offenders in the manufacture, distribution/trade of usual medicines without permission to distribute them.

Cyanide detecting porphyrin fluorescent sensors: Effects of electron-donating/withdrawing substituents

The detection of cyanide (CN−) and other dangerous chemicals is critical in many practical scenarios. In this study, dicyanovinylporphyrins (DCVPs) 2a to 2d with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents as fluorescent sensors for CN− detection were synthesized through Lindsay's condensation reaction. The 2a to 2d absorption, fluorescence, and fluorescence lifetimes of the DCVPs were investigated in THF. To probe the reactivity of DCVPs to CN−, the electron density of β-carbon in their dicyanovinyl groups was controlled by introducing electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups. The anion (Cl−, Br−, I−, ClO4−, HSO4−, NO3−, and CN−) sensing abilities of DCVPs 2a to 2d were investigated through fluorescence spectroscopy in THF. The DCVPs exhibited selective reduction in fluorescence intensity upon the addition of CN−ions. DCVP 2d also exhibited strong detection capabilities for CN−ions. Specifically detection limit for CN− was found to be 3.14 × 10−8 M in THF.

A green and facile synthesis of lead-free hybrid organic-inorganic bismuth halides quantum dots for nanophotonics applications

There has been an urgent need to eliminate toxic lead from the popular halide perovskite for various photonics and optoelectronics applications. This is added by the use of dangerous and environment unfriendly chemical during the wet synthesis route. Herein we demonstrate the synthesis of lead-free halide perovskite – (PhA)BiI4 (phenylammonium tetraiodobismates) and PhABiBr4 (phenylammonium tetrabromobismates) quantum dots (QDs) in room ambient environment using eco-friendly solvent - Ethanol. FESEM-EDX analysis of PhABiI4 and PhABiBr4 confirm the 1:4 atomic ratio of Bi:I and Bi:Br. As revealed by HRTEM, the as-prepared PhABiI4 indicate the formation of QDs with sizes smaller than 10 nm. Similar morphology was observed for PhABiBr4 QDs, but smaller in size compared to PhABiI4. High optical transparency was observed, and optical bandgap was measured for both PhABiI4 and PhABiBr4 QDs at 2.25 eV for and 3.07 eV, respectively. Chromaticity studies under 365 nm irradiation reveal a bright cyan emission for the PhABiI4 and bright blue emission for the PhABiBr4 QDs. Large magnitude of nonlinear optical susceptibility, |χ(3)| were calculated in the order of 10−6 esu. The green and facile synthesis approach reported here represents an alternate avenue for the new applications of Bi-based perovskite particularly towards the next-generation nanophotonics technologies.

Paraquat, Parkinson's Disease, and Agnotology.

Paraquat, Parkinson's Disease, and Agnotology.

Noise characterization of unmanned ground vehicles for infrasound array deployment

Deployment of infrasound arrays can present humans with challenges including harsh environments and dangerous chemicals. Infrasonic monitoring is the use of subaudible acoustics to monitor something of interest. Sources of infrasound include natural and manmade sources such as volcanic eruptions, large forest fires, and explosions. Robotic infrasound array deployment is being investigated to mitigate the potential challenges associated with human deployment. Robotic deployment would also allow for remote sensor repositioning to improve array response for specific sources. Unfortunately, robotic sensor emplacement will induce noise associated with the robotic platform, and this noise has a potential to mask sources of interest under certain conditions. Understanding to which conditions robotic deployment is applicable is vital to exploring infrasonic monitoring in hazardous environments in the future. This presentation will describe the characterization of noise generated by multiple robotic platforms in both mobile and stationary states. Analysis during each of these states allows for the determination of when robotic mounted infrasonic monitoring is viable.

Electrostatic potential simulation and safety countermeasures in the tank of hazardous chemicals tanker

In this paper, taking a benzene transport vehicle as an example, a cylindrical tank model is established according to the relevant standards, and the electrostatic potential distribution in the tank of dangerous chemicals is numerically simulated. The potential distribution in the tank is calculated by numerical calculation software, and the three-dimensional distribution map of the electrostatic potential of the medium in the tank is obtained. The general rules between the electrostatic potential distribution in the tank of a hazardous chemical tanker and the filling rate, the number of Anti-wave plates, and the two phases of gas and liquid were analyzed. The relationship between volume, Anti-wave plate area, and electrostatic potential was further analyzed by studying the relationship between electrostatic potential and medium parameters. A model of an elliptical cylindrical tank was also constructed, and corresponding anti-static measures were proposed.

Edukasi Krim Berbahaya Mengandung Merkuri & Cara Cek BPOM pada Siswa Siswi SMAN 1 Alalak

Excessive attention to aesthetic skin problems, the widespread use of cosmetics by the public with all the positive and negative impacts received by the skin, have also brought developments in medical science in general, in the field of Dermatology in particular. The purpose of carrying out community service activities in the form of counseling about "Education on dangerous creams containing mercury & how to check BPOM" is to educate and provide information about dangerous creams containing mercury and how to check BPOM on beauty products used to pay attention to the use of cosmetics, especially creams on the face and how to respond to the circulation of cosmetics with dangerous chemicals. Community Service activities in the context of counseling, information and education for high school students regarding safe and dangerous cosmetics have been well implemented. Initially, in the pretest, only 5 of 5 questions were correct with 19 students out of a total of 33 students, then in the posttest, they answered 5 out of 5 questions correctly with 21 students out of a total of 28 students. This means experiencing success in increasing knowledge after holding educational activities.

Borax analysis with spectrophotometry on meat bakso of frozen food that sold in modern markets and traditional markets in Palembang

Meatballs are one of the processed meat products that are in great demand by all levels of society. Along with the times and changes in public consumption trends, currently meatballs are turning into frozen food which is more simple and practical for cooking anytime. As processed frozen meat, making frozen food meatballs are often added with food additives (BTP) to maintain food quality such as preservatives, thickeners, and dyes. Borax is a dangerous chemical that is often added to food as a thickening agent. This study aims to determine and compare frozen food meatballs sold in modern markets and traditional markets in Palembang City which contain borax based on physical tests and to analyze borax levels using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. In this study, the maximum wavelength obtained to measure the absorbance of the 10 samples that have been prepared is 423,50 nm. Determination of the standard borax solution curve that has been made with various concentrations were 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 30 ppm. The obtained linear equation y = 0,0352x + 0,2047 with coefficient correlation (r) 0,9631. The levels of borax contained in the frozen food meatballs as the research samples were sample A contained 13,322 µg/ml, sample B contained 9,392 µg/ml, sample C contained 12,688 µg/ml, sample D contained 23,379 µg/ml, sample E contained 29,127 µg /ml, sample F was 24,821 µg/ml, sample G was 17,583 µg/ml, sample H was 15,595 µg/ml, the sample I was 26,665 µg/ml, sample J was 12,460 µg/ml. Based on physical tests, the characteristics of frozen food meatballs containing borax showed a brighter color, an unnatural smell, very chewy, and hard texture that is difficult to destroy. In conclusion, the ten samples of frozen food meatballs tested all contained borax with varying levels.

Water Pollution due to Industrial Waste Effluents and their Management

Before the industrial wastes, this river was unpolluted. Our globe is more than half water, and as a result of various factors, including people's activity, among the most prominent of which is industrial wastes and chemicals, it is becoming more and more contaminated every day. Water exists in all three states of matter—liquid, solid, and gas., which is an essential component. But the fundamental problem is that many anthropogenic and natural activities carried out by humans have an impact on this natural source. These are releasing dangerous chemicals and other organic and inorganic materials into the water, modifying it, and either causing harm, either directly or indirectly, to this natural water source. The current research analyses the potential repercussions of industrial effluents' influence on India’s aquatic ecosystem through the biological system.

Analisis Sentimen dan Jaringan Komunikasi Respon Ketua BPOM Peny Lukito Kasus Gagal Ginjal Akut Pada Anak dalam akun Youtube Kompas.com

A crisis can endanger the reputation and performance of an institution or agency, especially government property. One of the causes of a crisis is the emergence of unexpected events with wide-reaching impacts that occur quickly. This also elicited various responses from various circles. Facing the development of information technology, especially social media, crisis situations can also be influenced by various responses from netizens that appear on social media. Indonesia is experiencing a crisis situation related to the phenomenon of health problems in the form of acute kidney failure that occurs in children which is allegedly caused by the dangers of cough syrup-type drugs by the dangerous chemicals ethylene glycol and deethylene glycol. Responding to this phenomenon, Chairperson of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) Mrs. Peny Lukito held regular press conferences with the main agenda related to the current situation in handling this case. This study aims to look at the formation of a communication network and sentiment analysis from netizens towards the response of the BPOM leadership using a social media network analysis approach on the Youtube channel with the Kompas.com account broadcast live online. The findings in this study are that Peny Lukito as the head of BPOM received negative responses from netizens because they considered him negligent and transferred responsibility to other parties.

Accumulation of heavy metals in fish and their impacts on human health: A Systematic Literature Review

Fish is the most preferred and consumed food by humans because it is a source of protein, vitamins and energy with low fat and calorie content. The risks of chemical contamination of foods for human health are recognized as one of the most important issues related to the consumption of aquatic foods, especially the toxicity associated with contamination by dangerous chemicals. The risk of this toxicity increases their dangers globally and at a remarkable trend. The development projects whose estuaries have been the subject of several studies since the middle of the last century because of their impact on the environment, in addition, the profound modification which has modified not only the geometry of the estuaries, but also natural hydrological and sedimentological processes. The objective of our research work is to study the impact of these development projects in estuaries (Bouregreg estuary as an example) on the accumulation of heavy metals in fish of aquatic origin. These studies were largely carried out within the framework of guaranteeing health safety on the one hand for fish and on the other hand for human beings.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Textile Orange 16 Reactive Dye by ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized via Green Route Using Punica Granatum Leaf Extract

Since it does not use any dangerous chemicals and is a simple, low-cost process, the green synthesis approach for nanoparticle creation has several benefits compared to the physical and chemical synthesis routes. The current study describes an environmentally friendly synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using an extract of Punica granatum plant leaves. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize the morphology, composition, and structural properties of the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles. The XRD pattern reveals that the ZnO nanoparticles are crystalline and have a diameter of 20 nm. According to the FESEM studies, the ZnO-NPs have sizes ranging from 50 to 100 nm on average and are almost spherical. When exposed to direct sunlight, the produced ZnO-NPs demonstrate impressive photocatalytic oxidation of textile Orange 16, a reactive dye. As a result, our research advances the development of a green photocatalyst for the removal of harmful dyes from water.

The Content and Emission form of Volatile Organic Compounds from Cooking Oils: A Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis.

Cooking oil fumes are full of dangerous chemicals that are bad for human health. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cooking oil fumes are not only emitted in the form of gas but may also accumulate with other substances in oil fumes and form particulate matter emitted into the atmosphere. Different forms of VOCs can enter different regions of the human body and have varying effects on health. This paper investigated the VOC emission types found in some cooking fumes. The findings demonstrate that organic contaminants from edible oils were released as gas and particle matter, with gas being the predominant component. The fraction of gaseous VOCs steadily declined as oil temperature rose, whereas the proportion of VOCs released as particulate matter gradually rose. It is possible to assume that the increase in oil fume with temperature was caused by the original oil's components volatilizing more frequently under the influence of vapor pressure and that chemical reactions were not the primary cause of oil fume creation.

Eliminating xenobiotics organic compounds from greywater through green synthetic nanoparticles

Xenobiotic Organic Compounds (XOCs) have been widely considered to be pollutant compounds due to their harmful impacts on aquatic life. However, there have been few rigorous studies of cutting-edge technology used to eradicate XOCs and their presence in bathroom greywater. The present review provides a comprehensive examination of current methodologies used for removing XOCs by photocatalysis of green nanoparticles. It was appeared that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have high efficiency (99%) in photocatalysis process. Green synthesis provides proven processes that do not require dangerous chemicals or expensive equipment, making photocatalysis a potential solution for the status quo. XOCs residue was decomposed, and pollutants were eliminated with varied degrees of efficiency using green synthesis ZnO nanoparticles. It is hypothesized that the utilization of photocatalysis can create a greywater treatment system capable of degrading the toxic XOCs in greywater while increasing the pace of production. Hence, this review will be beneficial in improving greywater quality and photocatalysis using green nanoparticles can be an immediate platform in solving the issue regarding the existence of XOCs in greywater in Malaysia. Researchers in the future may benefit from focusing on optimizing photocatalytic degradation using green-synthesis ZnO. It might also help with the creativity and productivity of the next generation of authoritative concerns, notably water conservation.

Supervised Machine Learning Models for Liver Disease Risk Prediction

The liver constitutes the largest gland in the human body and performs many different functions. It processes what a person eats and drinks and converts food into nutrients that need to be absorbed by the body. In addition, it filters out harmful substances from the blood and helps tackle infections. Exposure to viruses or dangerous chemicals can damage the liver. When this organ is damaged, liver disease can develop. Liver disease refers to any condition that causes damage to the liver and may affect its function. It is a serious condition that threatens human life and requires urgent medical attention. Early prediction of the disease using machine learning (ML) techniques will be the point of interest in this study. Specifically, in the content of this research work, various ML models and Ensemble methods were evaluated and compared in terms of Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F-measure and area under the curve (AUC) in order to predict liver disease occurrence. The experimental results showed that the Voting classifier outperforms the other models with an accuracy, recall, and F-measure of 80.1%, a precision of 80.4%, and an AUC equal to 88.4% after SMOTE with 10-fold cross-validation.

Application Of The Concept Of Eco Liability In Marine Pollution Due To Ship Accidents In Batam Waters Indonesia

Batam’s waters are a very busy sea lane and important for regional and international trade. High maritime activity, including the traffic of cargo ships, tankers, cruise ships, and passenger vessels, is an integral part of the economic and transportation life of the region. However, as a consequence of heavy maritime activity, the risk of ship accidents increases and is often a serious concern for those involved in the shipping industry and governments. Ship accidents can cause oil spills, dangerous chemicals, and other waste that can pollute waters, and beaches, and affect marine animal and plant life. This research uses normative research methods with qualitative analysis. This research aims to determine the application of the eco liability principle in marine pollution due to ship accidents in Batam waters. One of the concepts proposed to address the environmental impact of ship accidents is eco-liability, which is environmental responsibility.A method that focuses on comprehending and rebuilding marine ecosystems is needed to apply the notion of eco-liability to combat marine pollution caused by ship accidents. The concept of eco liability focuses on environmental restoration so that each polluter is responsible for providing compensation for environmental restoration efforts carried out through coordination between the central government and regional governments. To compensate for damage caused by oil pollution sufferers and control civil liabilities brought on by pollution accidents, international treaties have been formed.

UNVEILING THE SILENT THREAT: FOOD ADULTERATION IN BANGLADESH

: Food adulteration refers to the mixing, deception, and substitution of various hazardous substances for high-quality ingredients in the production of food. Typically, food is considered contaminated when it lacks essential characteristics or contains substances of poor quality that are harmful to health. Food adulteration in Bangladesh means by the practice of adding hazardous substances, toxic colours or noxious food additives. Most foods in Bangladesh are contaminated with dangerous chemicals at every step of the food chain, from production to consumption, toxic colours, preservative, used oil, unclean water etc, which cause a number of chronic and nonchronic ailments in the consumers. The issue of food adulteration has gotten out of control for the people of Bangladesh. This article discusses the effects of eating contaminated food on one's health as well as the roles played by the relevant authorities in combating the problem. This goal of this review article is not to shake blame at or disparage anyone. The purpose of this literature is to present current situation of food adulteration in Bangladesh and some possible suggestions in brief.