This paper explores the complex realm of dance theory and explores its philosophical, aesthetic, and critical viewpoints. First, we consider the philosophical foundation of dance ontologically and strive for an ontological problem of action, expression and avatar. Dance semiotics and symbols are studied as basic tools for deciphering the meaning and understanding complex language of movement. Furthermore, the theory of body cognition reveals a complex relationship between mind, body and environment in the background of dance. Then we deeply study the principles of Dance Aesthetics, and emphasize the importance of the work of form and composition, labor force and choreography of expression. We also study the criticism and criticism of dance works using analytical techniques, interpretations, and comparative analysis, and provide a knowledge of the complex discourse of dance as an art form.