Daily Nutrition Research Articles

Water and beverage consumption habits of adults in Turkey by gender and BMI: a cross-sectional survey

ABSTRACT The study aims to determine water and beverage consumption status and related factors in daily nutrition of adults living in Turkey. This study was conducted with 6332 adults aged 18–65 years across Turkey. Demographics and anthropometric data of subjects, their daily water and beverage consumption habits were explored using the retrospective 24-hour recall method. Water and black tea were the most consumed beverages (1801.38 ± 11.06 mL/day, 455 ± 6.10 mL/day, respectively). Increased BMI was associated with a significantly decreased rate of insufficient fluid intake among the participants. Underweight individuals were found to be consuming less (by 0.558 times) fluid compared to those with normal BMI, while obese individuals appeared to have greater energy intake from daily fluid consumption (by 1.111 times). This study showed a relationship between water and beverage intake and anthropometric measurements, suggesting that further research on personalized water intake strategies is beneficial in weight management.

Features of the formation of a healthy lifestyle of educators by measures of physical education. The article reveals the features of the formation of a healthy lifestyle

The components that motivate students to participate in physical education have been studied. The priority directions for the formation of a healthy lifestyle in the process of education have been determined. It has been established that health is a natural and absolute vital value, which occupies the top rank in the hierarchy of human values, as well as in the system of such categories of human existence as interests and ideals, harmony, beauty, meaning and happiness of life, creative work, program and rhythm of life. It has been proven that the attitude to health includes a person's self-assessment of his physical and mental state, which is a kind of indicator and regulator of his behavior.
 A decrease in the level of health and physical capacity of students is a consequence of significant psycho-emotional stress, violations of the hygienic justification of the daily routine and nutrition. To form an attitude to health as the most important value, to give the knowledge of valeology necessary for the life of each individual, to teach to follow a healthy lifestyle - the main task of modern physical education.
 Therefore, the formation of a broad worldview of culture, a careful attitude to one's own health as important components of a lifestyle is decisive in achieving career and life success of modern youth. The problem of forming a healthy lifestyle of modern youth is one of the most urgent, the solution of which determines the future of the state and the further existence of a healthy nation.

Improving maternal knowledge and children's eating pattern by a combination of a booklet and food journaling

Health education is a promising intervention to improve the mother's nutrition knowledge. However, a study focusing on using booklets and food journaling is limited in the literature. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of health education using a booklet and food journaling on the daily nutrition pattern of children. The study design is a pre-experiment pretest-posttest single group design using 19 participants who met the criteria. The participants received intervention one session of health education using a booklet and 14 days of food journaling activity for the children eating patterns. Data analysis used univariate analysis, and Wilcoxon signed rank. The study showed significant differences in maternal knowledge before and after intervention (p<0.05). However, there are no significant differences in children eating patterns (p>0.05). The findings suggest that health education using a booklet and food journaling book effectively increases maternal knowledge but does not change children's eating patterns.
 Keywords: Health education; food journaling; booklet; eating pattern in children; nutritional status

Confirmatory factor analysis of the infant feeding styles questionnaire in infant and toddler child care teachers

Early childhood is a critical time of development. Caregiver feeding style, including of child care providers, has been implicated in influencing children's food preferences and obesity. A better understanding of the determinants of child care providers' feeding styles is important as children increasingly receive daily care and nutrition in child care centers. Valid instruments to measure provider feeding styles specifically for infants are needed. This study's objective was to validate, for use with child care providers, the Infant Feeding Styles Questionnaire (IFSQ), an instrument originally designed for parents of infants and toddlers. Study data came from the Baby Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (Baby NAP SACC) study, a cluster randomized trial, designed to evaluate the efficacy of a six-month-long obesity prevention intervention in child care centers. The IFSQ was administered at baseline and follow-up to infant and toddler teacher participants (n = 244). Scores for baseline IFSQ teacher responses (n = 219) were calculated for the 13 sub-constructs across the five feeding styles. We tested reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficients and performed confirmatory factor analysis to examine factor loadings and goodness of fit characteristics, modifying constructs to achieve best fit. Reliability coefficients ranged from 0.42 to 0.82 for all sub-constructs. Goodness of fit indices for the final model ranged from: root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) 0.000–0.082; comparative fit index (CFI) 0.943–1.000; Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) 0.906–1.000; and standardized root mean squared error (SRMR) 0.006–0.130. In a sample of racially diverse infant and toddler child care teachers, final models of the laissez-faire, pressuring, and responsive constructs and the restrictive-diet quality sub-construct performed well. Overall model fit was poor for the indulgence construct, but good for solely its corresponding belief items.

Factors Affecting Psychological Dynamics of Esports Athletes

Dozens of years ago, it was difficult to even consider playing video games as a career path. Following immense development in the last decade, esports has evolved into a luxurious, enjoyable, and profitable industry. It has now become an interesting, appealing industry for young people. However, despite the media’s glorification towards the industry, there is so much pressure, obligation, and factors that would turn a seemingly fun and simple occupation into a stressful line of work, contrary to how medias and the public perceives this industry. This article will dive deeply into what is going on behind the scenes, using the study case method, in which the author is directly involved in the esports industry of the Dota 2 game. Following the observations, it can be concluded that esports athletes are heavily affected by external demands, media scrutiny, their daily routine, habits, nutrition, and internal conflicts within the team’s environment.

IMPACT OF DISTANCE EDUCATION ON STUDENTS' HEALTH.

The aim: Studying the impact of distance learning on students' health. Materials and methods: Special research methods and medical-statistical method. Domestic and foreign students were subject of the study during the online form of education, in connection with Covid-19, poll was made using Google Forms. Results: 333 students participated in the study (22.3% - domestic and 77.7% - foreign students). It was established that 88.3% of foreign and 40.5% of domestic students did not suffer from COVID-19 in the past. The overwhelming majority of respondents (86.5% domestic and 85.1% foreign) noted anxiety and concern for their health. 59.4% of domestic and 63.4% of foreign students noted the deterioration of their mental health and increased anxiety during distance learning. Depressive conditions were experienced by 49.3% of foreigners and 52.0% of domestic respondents. The respondents noticed the negative impact of distance learning on their daily routines, namely sleep, nutrition and active recreation, etc. The most frequent complaints were back pain, headaches, and visual impairment. Students noticed that during online classes their academic performance decreases. Conclusions: The transition to online education had a negative impact on the physical and mental health of students, which was manifested in the presence and growth of anxiety and depression, a lack of live communication, sleep and eating disorders, reduced physical activity, the appearance of headaches and back pain, vision problems, attention disorders, and a decline in academic performance.

Knowledge and Consumption of Fruits and Vegetables of Selected Public and Private Senior High School Students in Imus City, Cavite.

The 2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey results showed that the contribution of fruits and vegetables (FV) in the one-day food intake of adolescents only accounted for 2.6% and 5.9%, respectively. Numerous literatures also stated that insufficient intake of FV is associated with the development of most non-communicable diseases. This study was undertaken to compare the knowledge and consumption of FV between selected respondents from public and private SHS in Imus City. The study used a descriptive research design, and convenience sampling was done to gather respondents. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and the level of knowledge on FV was classified into low, fair, and good. In the evaluation of FV amount consumption, the Daily Nutrition Guide Pyramid for Teens was used. The data were reported in mean, mode, and percentages. More public SHS (49%) obtained a good level of knowledge on nutrient contents of FV, and consumed fruits (61%) more than the recommended daily serving. While more private SHS (96%) had a good level of knowledge of its health benefits but consumed vegetables (67%) less than the recommended daily serving. Their most consumed vegetables were dahon ng sili and garlic. The most consumed fruits were Indian mango and pear. Squash (47%) was the most liked vegetable by both groups. The majority of public SHS identified banana (37%) as their most liked fruit while it was mango (22%) for the majority of private SHS. Public SHS respondents were also recorded to have a lower average estimated family expenditure on FV. The study concluded that both public and private SHS do not consume adequate amounts of FV despite their good level of knowledge of its nutrients and health benefits.

Interactive Effects of Selenium, Zinc, and Iron on the Uptake of Selenium in Mycelia of the Culinary-Medicinal Winter Mushroom Flammulina velutipes (Agaricomycetes).

The present study for the first time addressed whether the simultaneous presence of selenium, zinc and iron may have effects on the selenium uptake in the mycelia of the winter mushroom (also known as enoki), Flammulina velutipes. Response surface methodology was used to optimize concentrations of selenium, zinc and iron in the range of 0 to 120 mg L-1. The findings showed that application of selenium, zinc and iron (singly, in pairs, or triads) significantly enhanced the selenium accumulation in the mycelia. The highest amount of the selenium accumulation was observed when selenium (60 mg L-1) and zinc (120 mg L-1) were applied into submerged culture media, concurrently, leading to an 85-fold and 88-fold increase in the selenium content of the mycelia compared to that of the mycelia treated with selenium only and untreated mycelia, respectively. In addition, accumulation of selenium into the mycelia had no deteriorative effects on the mycelial biomass. The findings presented in this study may have implications for daily nutrition and industrial bioproduction of mushroom mycelia enriched with selenium.

Rate, risk factors and estimated time to develop attrition after under-five children started moderate acute malnutrition treatment in Gubalafto, North East Ethiopia.

Lost from follow-up, after starting moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) is an ongoing challenge of public health until the admitted children reached the standard weight of a reference child. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the rate and estimated time to attrition after under-five children started treatment for MAM in the Gubalafto district. A facility-based retrospective cohort study was employed among 487 participant children who had been managed targeted therapeutic feeding from 1 June 2018 to 1 May 2021. The overall mean (±sd) age of the participants' children was 22⋅1 (±12⋅6) months. At the end of the study period, 55 (11⋅46 %) under-five children developed attrition from the treatment after starting ready use of therapeutic feeding. After checking all assumptions, a multivariable Cox regression model was used to claim independent predictors for time to attritions. The median time of attrition after starting treatment of MAM was 13 (IQR ±9) weeks, with the overall incidence of attrition rate reported at 6⋅75 children Per Week (95 % CI 5⋅56, 9⋅6). In the final model of multivariable Cox regression, the hazard of attrition was significantly higher for children from rural residence (AHR 1⋅61; 95 % CI 1⋅18, 2⋅18; P = 0⋅001), and caregivers with their dyads did not get nutritional counselling at baseline (AHR 2⋅78; 95 % CI 1⋅34, 5⋅78; P = 0⋅001). The findings of the present study showed that nearly one in every eleven under-five children was attrition (lost to follow-up) in a median time of 13 (IQR ±9) weeks. We strongly recommended for caregivers provisions of diversification of daily nutrition supplementation of their dyads.

Nutrigenomics to reveal the effects of grape consumption in healthy subjects

The Mediterranean diet places fruit and vegetables as the basis of daily nutrition. Table grape is a typical fruit of the Mediterranean tradition and is consumed worldwide. The CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology has conducted nutrigenomics studies in recent years to investigate the effects of table grapes on human health. This note summarises two trials in which healthy subjects ate the black seedless grape Autumn Royal for three consecutive weeks. For our first nutrigenomic study, we used the microarray technique to analyze thousands of genes' expressions simultaneously. The results showed that 463 genes were modulated, and one month after the end of the grape-rich diet, this number almost doubled, reaching 849 genes. Furthermore, more than 200 of these genes are non-coding RNAs important in regulating gene expression. The second nutrigenomic study was conducted to evaluate the effects of grape intake on the expression of microRNAs, identifying 20 circulating microRNAs modulated, most of which were implicated in cancer development. Our results showed that grape intake exerts beneficial effects by modulating genes involved in critical physiological processes such as the immune response, inflammation, autophagy, DNA repair, and mitochondrial functionality.

PENINGKATAN STATUS GIZI BALITA MELALUI PEMBERIAN DAUN KELOR (MORINGA OLEIFERA)

Stunting is a nutritional problem that must be immediately prevented and treated in Indonesia in order to produce a smart and quality generation. The government is working to accelerate the reduction in the stunting rate in Indonesia by issuing Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 72 of 2021 concerning accelerating the reduction of stunting. The results of the initial survey and discussion with the village midwife of Cot Rabo Baroh found that 5 (five) toddlers were stunted. Stunting that occurred in Cot Rabo Baroh Village was caused by a lack of knowledge of the community, especially parents, about fulfilling nutrition in toddlers. This activity is carried out by socialization, counseling and evaluation methods. Education about Moringa leaf nutrition and how to give Moringa leaves to toddlers which aims to provide an understanding to the public about the benefits of giving Moringa leaves to stunting toddlers to fulfill their daily life nutrition. The results of the service showed a significant change in knowledge before and after being given counseling. The majority of pretest results were in the poor category as many as 10 people with a percentage of 33.33%. While the majority of the posttest results were in the good category as many as 15 people with a percentage of 50%. It is hoped that after this community service activity the stunting toddler case will be resolved in Cot Rabo Baroh Village.

Techno-Economic Assessment of an Office-Based Indoor Farming Unit

Decentralized, smart indoor cultivation systems can produce herbs and vegetables for fresh and healthy daily nutrition of the urban population. This study assesses technical and resource requirements, productivity, and economic viability of the “Smart Office Farm” (SOF), based on a 5-week production cycle of curled lettuce, lolo rosso, pak choi and basil at three photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) levels using a randomized block design. The total fresh matter yield of consumable biomass of all crops was 2.5 kg m−2 with operating expenses (without labor costs) of EUR 53.14 kg−1; more than twice as expensive compared to large-scale vertical farm and open-field cultivation. However, there is no need to add trade margins and transportation costs. The electricity supply to SOF is 73%, by far the largest contributor to operational costs of office-based crop production. Energetic optimizations such as a more homogeneous PPFD distribution at the plant level, as well as adaptation of light quality and quantity to crop needs can increase the economic viability of such small indoor farms. With reduced production costs, urban indoor growing systems such as SOF can become a viable option for supporting fresh and healthy daily nutrition in urban environments.

Sudanese fermented foods

Fermented foods of Sudan are a great source of affordable daily nutrition for many families and age groups all over the country. These foods include a diverse categorisation of starting ingredients and incur traditional methodologies of production which have been preserved for centuries. We used next generation sequencing (16S rRNA and 18S rRNA) to analyse 44 Sudanese Fermented foods in five major categories food types; sorghum, plant, meat, fish and dairy. Samples were collected in Khartoum, Sudan and analysed in Cork, Ireland. We found an extensive array of unique microorganisms in Sudanese fermented foods that extended over 1300 operational taxonomic units (bacterial identification) and many fungi. While many of these foods have healthy benefits for human health, harmful bacteria and fungi were also found owing to the preparatory methods of these types of food. Further research is required to isolate the microbiome of such foods and bring about health promoting effects of Sudanese Fermented Foods to light.

Daily Dietary habits and Nutrition Attitude of Pregnant Women in Port-said city

Daily Dietary habits and Nutrition Attitude of Pregnant Women in Port-said city

Essential trace elements, vitamins, and selected electrolytes in complementary medicine for cancer patients

Are there any evidence-based medicine (EBM)-supported treatment approaches of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods for urological oncologists? We reviewed the actual German S3 guidelines "Supportive Care" and "Complementary Medicine" as well as the online-tool Onkopedia for recommendations about essential trace elements (Zn, Se, Mn, Fe), vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), and electrolytes (Mg, Ca). Furthermore, we added results of randomized trials to present potential future developments. Each therapy with micronutrients should be based on laboratory observation of adeficit. There are selected guideline recommendations for selenium, iron and vitaminD. Potential indications were registered for manganese, vitaminA derivates, and vitaminC. No benefit was observed for vitaminB, zinc, and vitaminE. Micronutrients should be substituted in the case of deficit. General supplementation of daily nutrition is not recommended for cancer patients.

Nutrition practices and health: perspectives of an interdisciplinary research

It is well known that worsening of economic situation leads to pauperization of the population and deterioration in food quality, what in turn negatively affects the physical and mental health of people. In this regard, it is particularly relevant to study the problems of correlation between traditional nutrition together with the modern food practices and the standards of healthy nutrition. The aim of the study is to determine the role of traditional nutrition and modern food practices with regard to the health of the population of the Republic of Moldova. One of the main tasks is to define the scale of maintaining traditional nutrition by different ethnic communities of Moldova. The essence of the interdisciplinary approach is that, along with the approaches and methods customary for ethnology, it is planned to use some elements from the field of medicine, dietology and nutritiology in the future study. For example, the list of tasks includes identification of the new products and the new food practices in daily nutrition of the population, as well as calculation of calories consumed and their further comparison with the standards of healthy eating. This study will demonstrate the fact that the subject field of ethnology continues to expand and provides opportunities for new interdisciplinary research.

Obtaining and investigation of the chemical composition of powdered malt and polymalt extracts for application in the production of non-alcoholic functional beverages

The group of consumer goods used in regular and daily nutrition, as well as the group of products that have a positive effect on the physiological functions of the body and have a certain chemical composition, should include processed beverages. It is extremely important to expand the use of malt extracts in the creation of new non-alcoholic beverages, including functional ones. These extracts must come from sources other than typical malt forms, such as food grains and legumes (horse beans, buckwheat, peas, etc.). Buckwheat is a promising raw material for the production of beverages, especially without barley, wheat and rye gluten. To find the optimal parameters of primary mechanical, heat and moisture exchange processes by computer tests, it is required to develop a physical and mathematical method for grinding malt and mixed malt extracts. The aim of the study is to evaluate new malt extracts used in non-alcoholic beverages. Beverages made from powdered malt and polymalt do not increase the intake of vitamins (B4) and minerals (potassium, calcium and magnesium) in the body, do not cure the deficiency of the nutrient dextrin. They have also not been shown to have a positive effect on physiological processes. The answer to this question lies in increasing the nutritional value of beverages by eliminating gluten, which has a negative effect on some physiological processes in the body. The studied powdered malt and polymalt extracts for functional beverages were evaluated theoretically and practically. The presented results showed that buckwheat extract powder can be used as an ingredient in beverages, as an independent product, and also as a product recommended for people with gluten intolerance

The Financial Lives of the Workers: An Analysis Amid Corona Pandemic in Bangladesh

This paper has tried to explore the nature of the living patterns of the workers amid the CORONA pandemic in Bangladesh. The article is shaped entirely by qualitative and secondary data based. However, Bangladesh has achieved tremendous success in the readymade garment sector. Readymade garment sectors are altogether dependent on male and female workers who are contributing to the nation as well as to the sectors. Nevertheless, due to the outbreak of the CORONA virus in 2020, Bangladesh is facing a pandemic situation that makes the workers more vulnerable. They are suffering difficulties in many forms, including layoff, closed or reduced remuneration, factory shutdown, congested working settings, prolonged working hours and overtime, unsecured workplace, lack of protective measures, lack of rehabilitating supports, delay of their children's education, traumatic and fearful environment of worker's children, and insufficient health facilities for them. Moreover, the pandemic is hampering the activities of apparel workers, and other informal workers such as rickshaws and van pullers, agriculturists, construction laborers, hawkers, rag pickers, transport workers, and part-time domestic employees are all examples of part-time domestic workers. They are the most vulnerable segment of the CORONA pandemic situation in Bangladesh. As a result, they cannot afford the necessities of family members, including daily food, education, nutrition, and health, due to low income.

Mushrooms for integrated and diversified nutrition

Mushrooms were considered as “Objects of mystery” by the primitive man, and were realized as food much before civilization. Mushrooms have been variously used in different cultures from being priced as “Food of Gods” in the Roman culture to tools of psychological sedation for the Mexican warriors. Most of the edible mushrooms are saprophytic growing on decomposed organic plant matter. Mushrooms play varied and important roles in human nutrition and health. They are unique nutrition dense vegetables with quality high protein, very low fat, zero cholesterol, low carbohydrates, low glycemic index, high fiber, good cardiac friendly sodium to potassium ratio and some unique bioactive compounds like ergothioneine and polysaccharides. These unique nutritive properties of mushrooms make them a recommended food for diabetics, body weight management, hypertension and cardiac well-being. The concept of selenium rich mushrooms for slowing down the progress of AIDS has been gaining importance in the recent years. Apart from being a healthy vegetable, the unique lignocellulosic waste-based production system of mushrooms makes them the most ecofriendly zero waste green technology with immense environmental benefits (Gupta et al., 2004, Jain et al., 2014 and & Pandey et al., 2014). Despite many environmental and nutritional benefits; mushrooms yet have not become a part of daily nutrition in the Indian diet and the per capita consumption still remains very low at 70 grams per annum. There is a need to educate and enhance the awareness among the people about the nutritional and health potential of mushrooms. There is also the need to draw the attention towards integrating mushroom technology in successful agro-residue management programs, livelihood programs, national nutrition programs and women empowerment and rural development schemes which ultimately culminate in providing better daily nutrition.

Risk Factors for Development of Pneumatosis Intestinalis after Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Case-Control Study

The significance of pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) in pediatric patients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is poorly understood. A knowledge gap remains with respect to the etiology, risk factors, and evidence-based treatment of these patients. As a result, management is frequently based on each center's clinical practice, without standardization across treatment centers. In this single-center trial, we aimed to validate both previously proposed and additional risk factors for the development of PI and to examine our management and outcomes for these patients. We performed a retrospective case-control study examining risk factors for the development of PI in pediatric HSCT patients at a single tertiary referral children's hospital. We used univariate and multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis to explore differences in pharmacologic and other transplantation-specific risk factors. Between 2012 and 2019, PI was diagnosed in 212 patients at our pediatric hospital, of whom 42 were HSCT recipients. The majority of patients (88%; n=37 of 42) with PI were diagnosed by X-ray. Eighteen patients (43%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally after imaging was obtained for standard post-transplantation surveillance or other nonrelated indications. All patients with PI were hospitalized and placed on strict bowel rest while receiving parenteral nutrition and antibiotics. Recurrence of PI occurred in 4 patients (10%) following their initial diagnosis. Increased doses of steroid exposure within 30 days of PI diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 15.3; P=.0006), presence of grade II-IV gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 28.1; P=.05), and receipt of >50% of total daily nutrition by nasogastric (NG) tube feeds (OR, 22.0; 95% CI, 1.3 to 370.2; P=.03) were identified as independent risk factors for the development of PI. Intensity of the conditioning regimen, exposure to total body irradiation, stem cell source, donor type, HLA matching, use of mycophenolate mofetil, and presence of bacterial or viral infection at the time of PI diagnosis were not demonstrably associated with the development of PI in our study. We conclude that development of asymptomatic PI is a benign condition following HSCT, and that the risk for PI is increased in patients with gastrointestinal GVHD, patients receiving steroid therapy, and patients relying on supplemental NG tube feeds for at least one-half of their total daily nutrition.