Daily Coffee Research Articles

Cognitive decline related to substance consumption in a Colombian kindred with familial Alzheimer's disease: A retrospective cohort study

AbstractBackgroundSubstance use is a presumed risk factor for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). So, it would be essential to evaluate it in people who already have a high risk of dementia. Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, GNA, is a research group from Medellin, Colombia, which studies Presenilin 1 (PS1) E280A mutation carriers. These carriers will course four stages of AD: 1) asymptomatic Pre‐Mild Cognitive Impairment (Pre‐MCI), 2) symptomatic pre‐MCI, 3) MCI; and 4) Dementia. Substance consumption could modify age‐at‐onset of those stages, but this association has not been deeply explored.MethodWe performed a retrospective cohort study with 163 subjects enrolled between January 25, 2019, and April 29, 2020. Of those participants, 69 (42.3%) were non‐carriers, and 94 (57.7%) were carriers. A psychiatrist interviewed the subjects through the "CACoS" questionnaire, an instrument specifically designed for this research. The subjects' cognitive information included CERAD test battery, MMSE, CDR, and a subjective memory complaints checklist. We analyzed the relationship between the onset of AD stages and substance consumption through a time‐to‐event analysis (survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression).ResultFor dementia onset, there was an association with less than one time per month of alcohol consumption in the last year (HR 0.42, CI 0.18‐0.96). For MCI onset, there was a relationship with less than one time per month of alcohol consumption in the last year (HR 0.39, CI 0.17‐0.91), and also with consumption of 5 to 11 drinks per day of consumption in the previous twelve months (HR 0.12, CI 0.01‐0.99). For pre‐MCI onset, there was a relationship with daily coffee consumption throughout life (HR 2.37, CI 1.07‐5.25).ConclusionA low frequency of alcohol consumption could be protective against MCI and dementia, but coffee was associated with Pre‐MCI acceleration. It would be critical to continue exploring these substances' role as modifiable risk factors soon.

No Association Observed between Coffee Intake and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma among Postmenopausal Women

BackgroundSome preliminary studies indicate that components in coffee may have anticarcinogenic effects. However, the association between coffee-drinking habits and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) remain controversial. ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between coffee intake and NHL incidence in a large prospective study of postmenopausal US women. Design and participants/settingThe participants included 74,935 women from the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study who were recruited from 1993 through 1998. Information about coffee-drinking habits was collected at baseline via self-administered questionnaires. Main outcome measuresNewly diagnosed NHL was validated by medical records and pathology records. Separate analyses were performed for the following three subtypes of NHL: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 244), follicular lymphoma (n = 166), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (n = 64). Statistical analyses performedAge-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine associations of coffee intake (specifically, the total amount of coffee consumed daily, coffee types, and coffee preparation methods) with risk of NHL. ResultsA total of 851 women developed NHL during a median 18.34 years of follow-up (range = 0.01 to 24.30 years; ± 6.63 years). Overall, no associations were observed between coffee intake and risk of NHL regardless of the total amount of daily coffee intake (P value for trend = 0.90), caffeinated (P = 0.55) or decaffeinated coffee intake (P = 0.78), and filtered or unfiltered coffee intake (P = 0.91) after controlling for sociodemographic factors, lifestyle risk factors, and clinical risk factors/current medical conditions. No significant associations were observed between coffee intake with specific subtypes of NHL. A statistically significant interaction was found between alcohol intake, coffee intake, and incident NHL (P value for interaction = 0.02) based on the adjusted analysis. Specifically, among women who frequently consumed alcohol (> 7 drinks/week), those who had moderate coffee intake (2 to 3 c coffee/day) had a significantly reduced risk of developing NHL (hazard ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.98), compared with those who did not drink coffee. ConclusionsThe findings from this study do not support an association between coffee consumption and NHL risk, irrespective of the total amount of daily coffee intake, coffee types, or coffee preparation methods.

Conditional tail price risk spillovers in coffee markets across quality, physical space, and time: Empirical analysis with penalized quantile regressions

Transmission of price shocks among related markets is a necessary condition for economic efficiency. Earlier empirical studies have investigated price spillovers in green coffee markets across physical space, quality space, and/or time through highly restrictive models. The present work examines price transmission “at the extremes” using penalized quantile regressions, an econometric tool that allows one to analyze complex market networks. The analysis relies on daily green coffee prices from two geographically separated markets (USA and EU), four coffee varieties, and two futures markets. The empirical results suggest: (a) price risk spillovers are stronger when quality differentiation is low and when green coffee varieties are traded within the same spatial market; (b) higher quality varieties are net-transmitters of price risk to lower quality ones while futures markets are net-receivers of price risk from spot markets; and (c) asymmetric price spillovers are more likely to occur for coffee beans traded in different spatial markets.

Association of daily coffee consumption with cardiovascular health – results from the UK Biobank

Abstract Background There are conflicting reports on the association of coffee consumption with cardiovascular (CV) health. The UK Biobank is a prospective cohort study including data for half a million middle-aged individuals. Purpose We studied the association of daily coffee consumption with all-cause and CV mortality, and incidence of the major CV diseases in the UK Biobank. In a subgroup of participants who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), we evaluated the association between regular coffee intake and cardiac structure and function parameters. Methods UK Biobank cohort of participants without clinically manifested heart disease at the time of recruitment were included. Regular coffee intake was categorized into 3 groups: zero, light-to-moderate (0.5–3 cups/day) and high (>3 cups/day) coffee drinkers. We estimated association of daily coffee consumption with incident outcomes using multivariable Cox-regression models (median follow-up of 11 years) and, in the subset with CMR data, with left and right ventricular (LV, RV) end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, LV mass, and LV/RV stroke volume using multivariable linear regression. Models were adjusted for potential confounders and mediators, including: age, sex, non-European ethnicities, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, Townsend deprivation index, alcohol, meat, fruit and vegetable intake, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cholesterol level. Results We included 468,629 individuals (mean age 56.2±8.1 years, 44.2% male). Among them, 22.1% did not consume coffee on a regular basis, 58.4% had 0.5–3 cups per day and 19.5% had >3 cups per day. After adjustment for potential confounders and mediators, compared to non-coffee drinkers, light-to-moderate coffee drinking was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.88, p<0.001), CV mortality (HR=0.83, p=0.006), and incident stroke (HR=0.79; p=0.037). CMR data were available in 30,650 participants. In multivariable analysis, compared to non-coffee drinkers, both the light-to-moderate and high coffee consuming categories, were associated with significantly increased LV and RV ventricular end-systolic (β=0.91 and 1.64 for LV and 1.10 and 1.72 for RV), end-diastolic (β=2.21 and 3.28 for LV and 2.24 and 3.35 for RV) and stroke volumes (β=1.31 and 1.64 for LV and 1.15 and 1.63 for RV), as well as greater LV mass (β=0.78 and 1.64; all p<0.001). Conclusion In this large study of the UK Biobank population, regular coffee consumption of up to 3 cups per day was associated with favorable cardiovascular outcomes, in particular, decreased all-cause and CV mortality and stroke incidence. Regular coffee consumption was also associated with a pattern of CMR metrics in keeping with the reverse of age-related cardiac alterations. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.

Effects of personality traits on severity of sepsis.

The aim of this study was to reveal the effect of the individual's lifestyle and personality traits on the disease process in patients with sepsis and to have clinical predictions about these patients. The study was planned as a multi-center, prospective, observational study after obtaining the approval of the local ethics committee. Patients were hospitalized in different intensive care units. Besides demographics and personal characteristics of patients, laboratory data, length of hospital and ICU stay, and mortality was recorded. Two hundred and fifty-nine patients were followed up in 11 different intensive care units. Mortality rates, morbidities, blood analyses, and personality traits were evaluated as primary outcomes. Of the 259 patients followed up, mortality rates were significantly higher in men than in women (p= 0.008). No significant difference was found between the patients' daily activity, tea and coffee consumption, reading habits, smoking habits, blood groups, atopy histories and mortality rates. Examining the personal traits, it was seen that 90 people had A-type personality structure and 51 (56.7%) of them died with higher mortality rate compared to type B (p= 0.038). There was no difference between personalities, in concomitant ARDS occurrence, need for sedation and renal replacement therapies. Among individuals diagnosed with sepsis/septic shock, mortality increased significantly in patients with A-type personality trait compared to other personality traits. These results showed that personal traits may be useful in predicting the severity of disease and mortality in patients with sepsis/septic shock.

861Mendelian randomization on habitual coffee intake and plasma lipid profile: evidence from UK Biobank

Abstract Background Long-term heavy coffee consumption may adversely affect individuals’ cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. As hyperlipidemia is a well-established contributor to CVD, we investigated the association between habitual coffee intake and plasma lipid profile. Methods We used data from up to 362,571 UK Biobank participants to examine associations between coffee intake and plasma lipid profiles, including LDL-C, HDL-C, total-C, triglycerides, ApoA1 and ApoB. Inverse variance weighted mendelian randomization (MR) was used to interrogate the causal nature of coffee-lipid associations, complemented by pleiotropy-robust methods, including MR-median, MR-Mode, MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger. Results We observed positive dose-dependent associations between self-reported coffee intake and plasma concentration of LDL-C, ApoB and total-C, with the highest lipid levels seen among participants drinking >6 cups/day (Plinear trend≤1.97E-57 for all). Genetic instrument for coffee intake was robustly associated with self-reported intake in the UK Biobank (F-statistic = 416). One cup increase in genetically instrumented intake was associated with 0.07 mmol/L (95%CI 0.03 to 0.12), 0.02 g/L (95%CI 0.01 to 0.03), and 0.09 mmol/L (95%CI 0.04 to 0.14) increase in LDL-C, ApoB, and total-C, respectively. Pleiotropy-robust methods provided largely consistent results albeit with greater imprecision when using MR-Egger. Conclusions Our phenotypic and genetic analysis consistently suggests that long-term heavy coffee consumption can lead to unfavourable lipid profile, which could potentially increase individuals’ risk for CVD. Individuals with elevated cholesterol may need to reduce their daily coffee intake. Key messages Our study provides evidence that long-term heavy coffee consumption can lead to unfavourable lipid profile.

Is Rheumatoid Arthritis Related to Coffee Consumption in Korea? A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Coffee consumption is gradually increasing in Korea. As a result, interest in the relationship between coffee consumption and various diseases is growing. Several factors affect the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and coffee consumption may be related. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012–2016). A total of 12,465 eligible participants (4819 men and 7646 women) were included in the study. Participants with RA were defined as those who were diagnosed and currently being treated by physicians. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as none, <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups a day based on a self-report. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed, and we calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the odds of participants having RA with respect to coffee consumption. Compared to the no-coffee group, the ORs for RA in the <1 cup and 1–2 cups groups were 2.99 (95% CI 0.33–27.28) and 2.63 (95% CI 0.31–22.63) in men, respectively, and the ORs for RA for women in the <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups groups were 0.62 (95% CI 0.31–1.26), 0.67 (95% CI 0.33–1.37), 1.08 (95% CI 0.35–3.36), and 1.43 (95% CI 0.25–8.36), respectively. Our study concludes, therefore, that daily coffee consumption is not related to the prevalence of RA in the general Korean population.

The impacts of caffeine administration, expectancies, and related stimuli on coffee craving, withdrawal, and self-administration.

Background:Caffeine is the most commonly consumed psychoactive substance, yet its potential reinforcing properties have been understudied.Aims:This study examined the impact of caffeine administration and expectancy on coffee-related craving, withdrawal, and cue reactivity via a balanced-placebo design.Methods:Following 18-h caffeine abstinence, 65 daily coffee consumers (54% male) received either caffeine-containing (100 mg) or placebo gum, along with either accurate or inaccurate information regarding the gum’s caffeine content. Participants were exposed to neutral and coffee-related stimuli using different sensory modalities (visual and combined auditory/olfactory). Craving, withdrawal, and heart rate were assessed at baseline and after each cue presentation. Following the cue-reactivity assessments, participants were provided with an opportunity to self-administer units of coffee.Results:Caffeine expectancy was associated with reduced subjective withdrawal 30 min following the gum administration but was not significantly impacted by actual caffeine administration. The presentation of coffee-related cues was found to increase self-reported craving and heart rate, regardless of the expectation that caffeine had been administered. Visual, but not auditory/olfactory, cue reactivity appeared blunted when participants received a prior dose of caffeine. Prior caffeine ingestion also reduced the probability of subsequent coffee self-administration.Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first examination of the impact of caffeine administration and expectancy on cue-elicited coffee craving and coffee consumption. Although there was some evidence that caffeine expectancy and administration were found to impact subjective withdrawal and self-administration respectively, neither was found to exert strong consistent effects on cue reactivity.

Coffee and Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Arguments for a Causal Relationship.

Prospective epidemiological studies concur in an association between habitual coffee consumption and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Several aspects of these studies support a cause–effect relationship. There is a dependency on daily coffee dose. Study outcomes are similar in different regions of the world, show no differences between sexes, between obese versus lean, young versus old, smokers versus nonsmokers, regardless of the number of confounders adjusted for. Randomized controlled intervention trials did not find a consistent impact of drinking coffee on acute metabolic control, except for effects of caffeine. Therefore, lowering of diabetes risk by coffee consumption does not involve an acute effect on the post-meal course of blood glucose, insulin or insulin resistance. Several studies in animals and humans find that the ingestion of coffee phytochemicals induces an adaptive cellular response characterized by upregulation and de novo synthesis of enzymes involved in cell defense and repair. A key regulator is the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in association with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AMP-activated kinase and sirtuins. One major site of coffee actions appears to be the liver, causing improved fat oxidation and lower risk of steatosis. Another major effect of coffee intake is preservation of functional beta cell mass via enhanced mitochondrial function, lower endoplasmic reticulum stress and prevention or clearance of aggregates of misfolded proinsulin or amylin. Long-term preservation of proper liver and beta cell function may account for the association of habitual coffee drinking with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes, rather than acute improvement of metabolic control.

Pelvic organ prolapse and Japanese lifestyle: prevalence and risk factors in Japan.

Little is known about the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of POP and identify its risk factors in Japan. This was a single-centre, cross-sectional study. We recruited Japanese women seen for a Pap smear from July 2018 through May 2019. After providing their informed consent, subjects were asked to complete questionnaires. Pelvic organ support was assessed using the POP quantification (POP-Q) system by an examiner. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for POP. There were 1032 women aged 21 to 84years. The distribution of POP-Q stage was stage 0, 38.0%; stage I, 45.0%; stage II, 16.4%; stage III, 0.6%; and stage IV, 0%. Rates (95% confidence interval [CI]) of stage II or greater in each age group were 6.6% (2.4-10.8) in 20s-30s; 17.6% (13.3-21.9) in 40s; 17.1% (12.9-21.3) in 50s; 18.0% (12.6-23.4) in 60s; and 28.7% (19.6-37.9) in 70s and over. Multivariate analysis revealed the following risk factors for POP, with odds ratio (95% CI): body mass index [BMI] ≥ 25kg/m2, 1.63 (1.05-2.51); BMI < 18.5kg/m2, 0.40 (0.17-0.94); hysterectomy, 4.09 (1.55-10.80); ≥ 3 vaginal deliveries, 2.26 (1.19-4.28); and ≥ 1 cup of coffee per day, 0.63 (0.43-0.92). Among Japanese women undergoing routine gynaecological examinations, 17.1% (14.7-19.5) had POP-Q stage II or greater. Overweight, hysterectomy and ≥ 3 vaginal deliveries increased the risk for POP, whereas underweight and daily coffee consumption decreased it.

Moderate Mocha Coffee Consumption Is Associated with Higher Cognitive and Mood Status in a Non-Demented Elderly Population with Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease.

To date, interest in the role of coffee intake in the occurrence and course of age-related neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders has provided an inconclusive effect. Moreover, no study has evaluated mocha coffee consumption in subjects with mild vascular cognitive impairment and late-onset depression. We assessed the association between different quantities of mocha coffee intake over the last year and cognitive and mood performance in a homogeneous sample of 300 non-demented elderly Italian subjects with subcortical ischemic vascular disease. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Stroop Colour-Word Interference Test (Stroop T), 17-items Hamilton Depression Rating Scalfe (HDRS), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Instrumental ADL were the outcome measures. MMSE, HDRS, and Stroop T were independently and significantly associated with coffee consumption, i.e., better scores with increasing intake. At the post-hoc analyses, it was found that the group with a moderate intake (two cups/day) had similar values compared to the heavy drinkers (≥three cups/day), with the exception of MMSE. Daily mocha coffee intake was associated with higher cognitive and mood status, with a significant dose-response association even with moderate consumption. This might have translational implications for the identification of modifiable factors for vascular dementia and geriatric depression.

Daily Coffee Drinking Is Associated with Lower Risks of Cardiovascular and Total Mortality in a General Italian Population: Results from the Moli-sani Study

An inverse relationship between coffee intake and mortality has been observed in several population cohorts, but rarely within Mediterranean countries. Moreover, the biological pathways mediating such an association remain unclear. We assessed the associations between coffee consumption and total and cause-specific mortality and examined the mediating roles of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP), high-sensitivity Troponin I, blood glucose, lipid metabolism, and selected biomarkers of inflammation and renal function. We longitudinally analyzed data on 20,487 men and women (35-94 years old at baseline) in the Moli-sani Study, a prospective cohort established in 2005-2010. Individuals were free from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer and were followed-up for a median of 8.3 years. Dietary data were collected by a 188-item semi-quantitative FFQ. Coffee intake was standardized to a 30-mL Italian espresso cup size. HRs with 95% CIs were calculated by multivariable Cox regression. In comparison with no/rare coffee consumption (up to 1 cup/d), HRs for all-cause mortality across categories of coffee consumption (>1 to≤2, >2to≤3, >3to≤4 and>4cups/d) were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.65-0.95), 0.84 (95% CI, 0.69-1.03), 0.72 (95% CI, 0.57-0.92), and 0.85 (95% CI, 0.62-1.12), respectively. For CVD mortality, a nonlinear (P for non-linearity=0.021) J-shaped association was found (magnitude of the relative reduction=37%; nadir at 3-4 cups/d). Circulating levels of NTproBNP explained up to 26.4% of the association between coffee and all-cause mortality, while systolic blood pressure was likely to be on the pathway between coffee and CVD mortality, although to a lesser extent. In this large cohort of Italian adults, moderate consumption (3-4 cups/d) of Italian-style coffee was associated with lower risks of all-cause and, specifically, of CVD mortality. Among the known biomarkers investigated here, NTproBNP likely mediates the relationship between coffee intake and all-cause mortality.

Gene‐diet interaction and dementia risk: The example of coffee and CYP1A2 gene

AbstractBackgroundCoffee consumption has been associated with a decreased risk of dementia, although findings have been inconsistent. Among the numerous coffee bioactives, caffeine may improve neurotransmission by acting as antagonist of adenosine receptors. There exists a large inter‐individual variability in caffeine metabolism in relation to the cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2), and some studies suggest that specific genes of CYP1A2 may module the relationship between coffee and chronic diseases (cancer, cardiovascular disease, Parkinson’s disease). Our objective was to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and dementia risk in the French Three‐City (3C) cohort of older persons, taking into account the potential modulatory effect of CYP1A2 rs762551 genotype.MethodWe included 5,963 participants, free of dementia at baseline when they reported their daily coffee consumption and who were followed for incidence dementia up to 14 years. All included participants had available genome‐wide genotyping. We tested the interaction between coffee consumption (number of cups/day) and CYP1A2 rs762551 (number of alternative allele C) on the risk of dementia using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age (as time scale), sex, level of education and ApoE‐ε4. Multivariate associations between coffee consumption and the risk of dementia were then investigated according to CYP1A2 rs762551 genotype that induce “faster” caffeine metabolism (A/A) or “slower” caffeine metabolism (C/A‐C/C).ResultParticipants were 74 (sd 5) years‐old on average at baseline and 61% were women. The mean coffee consumption was 1.6 cups/day (sd 1.3; min 0; max 10 cups/d) and 78% of participants reported the consumption of at least 1 cup/d. In total, 52% of participants were carriers of at least one rs762551 C allele. Over a median follow‐up of 8.6 years, 756 cases of dementia were diagnosed. Daily coffee consumption was associated with a decreased risk of dementia only among carriers of the CYP1A2 rs762551 C allele, with each additional cup of coffee being associated with a 10% reduced risk of dementia (95%CI: 2‐18%; p for interaction=0.007).ConclusionIn our study, coffee consumption was associated with a reduced risk of dementia among older persons with a genetic predisposition towards a slow caffeine metabolism.

Relationship between Intraocular Pressure and Coffee Consumption in a Japanese Population without Glaucoma: The Nagahama Study

To evaluate the association between daily coffee consumption and intraocular pressure (IOP) in healthy persons without glaucoma and the association between daily coffee consumption and history of glaucoma. Cross-sectional study. A total of 9850 individuals participated in the first follow-up of the Nagahama Prospective Cohort for Comprehensive Human Bioscience (the Nagahama Study) conducted between 2013 and2016. All participants underwent a standardized ophthalmic examination. Self-reporting questionnaires were completed by all participants. First, the association between habitual coffee consumption and IOP among nonglaucoma individuals was evaluated by a multivariate linear regression analysis, adjusting for possible confounders. Second, the association between habitual coffee consumption and history of glaucoma also was evaluated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The association between habitual coffee consumption and IOP among nonglaucoma individuals. Of 9850 participants, 9418 did not have history of glaucoma. Among these participants, the mean ±standard deviation IOP of both eyes was 14.7 ± 2.9 mmHg. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that habitual coffee consumption was associated significantly with IOP (P < 0.001): the higher the consumption of coffee, the lower the IOP of an individual. The IOP of the group who consumed coffee most frequently (3 times daily or more) was 0.4 mmHg lower (95% confidence interval, 0.2-0.5 mmHg lower) than that of the group that consumed coffee least frequently (less than once daily). However, the logistic regression analysis showed that habitual coffee consumption was not associated significantly with history of glaucoma (P= 0.53). Frequent coffee consumption was associated with a slightly lower IOP in people without glaucoma but was not associated with a decreased risk of glaucoma developing. Additional experimental studies are needed to examine the effects of coffee on IOP and glaucoma risk.

Çocukluk Dönemi İşeme Bozuklukları İle Erişkin Dönemdeki Aşırı Aktif Mesane İlişkisi

Objective : Overactive bladder (OAB) and childhood voiding disorders are important and common health problems. In the literature, childhood voiding disorders have been shown to be an important risk factor for OAB in adulthood. We aimed to reveal the factors that facilitate the emergence of AAM in adulthood in patients with childhood voiding disorders. Material and Methods : 144 patients with voiding disorders in childhood were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups as those with OAB (Group 1) and those without OAB (Group 2). Demographic data and eating habits of all patients were determined with a questionnaire. Results : In the group 1, 44 women (59.5%) and 30 men (39.5%), in the second group, 31 women (44.3%) and 39 men (55.7%) were included.. The mean body mass index of the group 1 (26.0±5.2) was higher than the group 2 (24.4±3.4) (p=0.034). There was no difference between eating habits between daily water, tea and coffee consumption. Hot chilli consumption was significantly higher in Group 1 than Group 2 (p=0.003). There was no significant difference in cigarette consumption between the groups (p=0.796). Alcohol consumption was higher in Group 1 but there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.591). Conclusion : We found that obesity and hot chilli consumption may be risk factors for OAB in adulthood in patients with voiding disorders in childhood.

Daily Consumption of Coffee and Eating Bread at Breakfast Time Is Associated with Lower Visceral Adipose Tissue and with Lower Prevalence of Both Visceral Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Populations: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The study aimed to investigate the association between daily consumption of coffee or green tea, with and without habitual bread consumption for breakfast, and components and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Japanese populations. Methods: The study population consisted of 3539 participants (1239 males and 2300 females). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analyses to evaluate the associations of daily coffee and green tea consumption with the prevalence of obesity, visceral obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Results: Coffee consumption was associated with significantly lower proportions of visceral obesity (OR: 0.746, CI: 0.588–0.947) and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.706, CI: 0.565–0.882). On the other hand, green tea was not associated with visceral obesity (OR: 1.105, CI: 0.885–1.380) or metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.980, CI: 0.796–1.206). The combination of daily drinking coffee and eating bread at breakfast time was associated with significantly lower proportions of obesity (OR: 0.613, CI: 0.500–0.751) (p = 0.911 for interaction), visceral obesity (OR: 0.549, CI: 0.425–0.710) (p = 0.991 for interaction), and metabolic syndrome (OR: 0.586, CI: 0.464–0.741) (p = 0.792 for interaction). Conclusion: Coffee consumption was significantly associated with lower visceral adipose tissue and lower proportions of visceral obesity, but the same was not true for green tea consumption. Furthermore, in combination with coffee consumption, the addition of eating bread at breakfast time significantly lowered proportions of visceral obesity and metabolic syndrome, although there was no interaction between coffee and bread.

휴대용 손가락 ECG 측정 기기 및 심장 건강 모니터링 시스템의 사용성 평가 예비연구

As we entered the aging society, personal health has become more important and various technologies for easier use of electrocardiograms (ECG) have been developed. According to the national statistics, heart disease is a major cause of death in Korea. Considering the risk factors and characteristics of heart diseases, constant monitoring of hear conditions is essential for the patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study designed and implemented a portable ECG measurement device (PEMD) that can monitor heart health in everyday life by wearing the device on a fingertip. To evaluate the performance of this portable heart health monitoring system, two different commercial sensors that measure heart rate and blood pressure were selected for correlation analysis. For the feasibility study experiment, 5 healthy volunteers in their 20s were recruited. To induce changes in the subjects’ heart rate (HR) and R-R interval time, 5 experimental conditions (at rest (C), right after running (E1), right after drinking a shot of espresso (E2), 10 minutes after espresso (E3), 20 minutes after espresso (E4)) were randomly selected for each subject. To evaluate PEMD’s detection performance of the R peak and R-R intervals in ECG signals, Bland-Altman plots and ANOVA were used to analyze the differences in the 5 conditions of 5 subjects. Results showed a very high consistency (95%) between the values measured by the three sensor devices, suggesting that PEMD and its monitoring system tested in this study are able to detect meaningful changes in HR, R peak, and R-R interval times after running on a treadmill and taking caffeine. Further study considering personal lifestyle and amount of daily coffee intake on more number of people together with higher level of signal processing and noise filtering functions of the sensor are needed.

A picture of the adolescents dietary habits in Tunisia

Abstract Background Adolescence is one of the main growth periods of life during which dietary needs are specific and where diet quality is important for healthy development. Nonetheless, unhealthy eating behaviours are common among adolescents including over consumption of unhealthy fast food, sugar and fat and skipping meals. Exposure to unhealthy eating can lead to chronic conditions such as obesity and diabetes. In this context, we conducted this study to describe the quality of the diet of middle school students in the Region of Kairouan in Tunisia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 among middle school students in the Region of Kairouan. Data collection was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. Results In this study, 494 students were included. In terms of food type, fast food meals (sandwiches) were the most preferred type of food (52.6%). Daily consumption of vegetables and fruit was reported by 48.8% of students. Among the participants, 46.8% reported daily consumption of olive oil. Daily water consumption was less than one liter for 32% of the college students. Daily coffee and/or tea consumption concerned 53.8% of respondents. In the current study, 39.3% of the students reported that they consume more than three meals per day and 26.7% declared that they often skip the breakfast. In our study, 62.8% of the participants had reported their dissatisfaction with their nutrition education, 54.9% sought to know the food composition and 57.9% reported that they have a willingness to adopt a healthy eating. Conclusions A quality and diversified diet can cover the specific nutritional needs of adolescents. A diet inspired by the Mediterranean food is to be encouraged. Further studies should be conducted among adolescents to evaluate the impact of a healthy and balanced diet on health and school achievement. Key messages The quality of diet of Tunisian adolescents is to be improved. Effective comprehensive programs for healthy lifestyle promotion are needed to improve the eating behaviour among Tunisian adolescents.

Criteria for acceptable studies of animal personality and behavioural syndromes

Criteria for acceptable studies of animal personality and behavioural syndromes

Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Dyspepsia Patients in Primary Referral Hospital

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is caused by reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus and give the typical symptoms as heartburn. The prevalence of GERD was vary around the world. Prevalence of GERD by endoscopy in Jakarta was 22.8%. Limited data exist to determine the prevalence and related factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the population without alarm symptoms. Validated GERDq questionnaire can be used easily to diagnose GERD in primary health care. This study aims to know the prevalence of GERD and related factors.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in adult dyspepsia patients at General Hospital District of Cilincing from January to March 2016. A validated GERDq questionnaire and a single proportion sample size calculation were used. Results: The prevalence of GERD was 49%, in elderly participants the prevalence was 44%. Of the 104 consecutive participants, 33.7% were male and 66.3% were female. The mean age was 47.6 ± 15.4 years old. The rate of GERD was higher in females than in males (53 vs. 40%, p = 0.189), increased as the age of the participants increased (p = 0.059) and also increased as the body mass index (BMI) of the participants increased (p 0.05). GERD was present in 50% of active or former smokers (p 0.05), 33.3% of daily coffee drinkers (p 0.05), 56.2% of active or former alcohol consumers (p 0.05), and 57.4% of daily tea drinkers (p = 0.049).Conclusion: The prevalence of GERD in dyspeptic patient was still high. There is a relation between GERD and tea consumption.