Abstract
Coffee consumption is gradually increasing in Korea. As a result, interest in the relationship between coffee consumption and various diseases is growing. Several factors affect the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and coffee consumption may be related. We conducted a nationwide cross-sectional study using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2012–2016). A total of 12,465 eligible participants (4819 men and 7646 women) were included in the study. Participants with RA were defined as those who were diagnosed and currently being treated by physicians. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as none, <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups a day based on a self-report. A multivariable logistic regression model was employed, and we calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the odds of participants having RA with respect to coffee consumption. Compared to the no-coffee group, the ORs for RA in the <1 cup and 1–2 cups groups were 2.99 (95% CI 0.33–27.28) and 2.63 (95% CI 0.31–22.63) in men, respectively, and the ORs for RA for women in the <1 cup, 1–2 cups, 2–3 cups, and ≥3 cups groups were 0.62 (95% CI 0.31–1.26), 0.67 (95% CI 0.33–1.37), 1.08 (95% CI 0.35–3.36), and 1.43 (95% CI 0.25–8.36), respectively. Our study concludes, therefore, that daily coffee consumption is not related to the prevalence of RA in the general Korean population.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disease characterized by synovitis of multiple joints causing swelling, stiffness, pain, and progressive destruction, which has a worldwide prevalence of 0.5–1.0% in adults [1]
The prevalence of RA among participants in this study was 0.5% for men, 0.9% for women, and 0.8% overall. For both men and women, participants with RA were older and had lower education levels than those without RA; there were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, alcohol consumption, smoking status, or coffee consumption
The prevalence of HTN was higher in the RA group than in the non-RA group, whereas in men, the income level was lower in the RA group than in the non-RA group
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disease characterized by synovitis of multiple joints causing swelling, stiffness, pain, and progressive destruction, which has a worldwide prevalence of 0.5–1.0% in adults [1]. Both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development and progression of RA. Smoking is a representative environmental factor involved in the development of RA [1,2]. The health effects of coffee consumption have become of increasing interest. Coffee has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease and diabetes, while it increases the risk, or shows controversial findings, with respect to musculoskeletal
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