Cyberspace Research Articles

Upaya Kelompok Ektrimis Untuk Menunggangi Isu Palestina-Israel: Analisis Diskursus Terhadap Narasi Kelompok Pro-Khilafah

In Indonesia, as the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, there has also been a strong and massive reaction to what happened in Palestine. Ismail Fahmi, through his social network analysis on social media Twitter, found that the Palestinian-Israeli issue was in fact being ridden by pro-khilafah groups. This paper attempts to study pro-khilafah groups that are trying to ride on the Palestinian-Israeli issue. The approach adopted in this paper is qualitative by using the netnographic method. Netnography is the application of ethnography in cyber space to examine the culture and behavior that occur in computer-based activities. In the midst of this struggle for influence in the narrative of defense of Palestine, there is one small group which, if not observed closely, can freely raise a theme which is quite dangerous: the caliphate. This small group moves among other Palestinian support groups. The pro-khilafah narrative emphasizes elements of Islamic identity rather than humanitarian issues. He blatantly tried to draw a line of distinction between Judaism and Islam. From there, then the pro-khilafah activists entered into their ultimate goal, which is to promote the caliphate as a solution to the problems of the Palestinian people. The narratives built by the supporters of the caliphate are generally accompanied by the hashtags #khilafahsolusipalestina and #palestinaneedskhilafah. Widespread public support for Palestine is used by a few groups to smuggle their pro-caliphate agenda. This group, although small, has its audience, including women. The pro-khilafah promote war as an attraction for men who want action, and elements of the safety of Palestinian families, children and women for female audiences.

Resilience enhancement strategy for cyber–physical distribution systems that considers cross‐space propagation of information risk

AbstractCyber–physical distribution systems with renewable energy should have high resilience under extreme conditions. However, in a distribution system with deep cyber–physical coupling, the propagation of information risk impairs the resilience of the system. This paper proposes a strategy to improve the resilience of cyber–physical distribution systems that considers cross‐space propagation of information risk. First, the mechanism for interaction between the cyber space and physical space is analyzed, and an information risk cross‐space propagation model is proposed. Second, the risk status of key device nodes is quantified according to the risk propagation model, and an optimization strategy for information risk control is obtained, whose objective function is the minimum risk of the coupling network. Third, a fault restoration strategy that considers cyber space risk is proposed. Finally, the paper reports experiments using the modified IEEE 33‐node and 123‐node distribution networks to simulate the proposed strategy and verify its effectiveness.

Editorial: Driving into Future with Reliable, Secure, Efficient and Intelligent MetaVehicles

Welcome to the sixth issue of the IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica (JAS) in 2023! In the first issue in 2023, I briefly discussed about MetaVehicles, a technological expression of intelligent vehicles, robotics, AI, blockchain, knowledge automation, networking and communication [1]. As the concept of the Metaverse continues to evolve and expand, the range of vehicle entities is diversely enlarged, including passenger vehicles, heavy duty vehicles, rail vehicles, marine vehicles, aerial vehicles, and other types of transportation. The development and use of MetaVehicles are likely to become more sophisticated. Therefore, from a systems and control perspective, new methods of control, estimation and optimization should be developed to achieve the improved vehicular control system stability and reliability in the physical space, guaranteed security in the cyber space, promising efficiency in both communication and control layers, and enhanced intelligence in both control and decision-making processes. Achieving these objectives requires advanced vehicular control and communication systems that can detect and respond to physical faults/failures and cyber threats, optimize control and communication performance, provide comfortable and convenient driving experiences, minimize emissions, and interact with a wide range of other vehicles and infrastructure.

A Study on Customer Perception Towards Digital Banking and Cyber Security: With Special Focus on Select Cities in India

In the era of globalization digital banking or online banking has revolutionized an integral activity of our modern twenty first century. The man developed various ways for communication to the exchange of information, ideas and knowledge which is of great importance to him as a social being. The evolution of e-banking technology makes the task very easy, banking transactions becomes very fast within a click. Digital banking make daily banking fast and convenient. The misuse of information technology in the cyber space is clutching up which gave birth to cyber crimes at the national and international level. The percentage of risks and the challenges associated with it is increased. The two basic laws governing real-time electronic surveillance in other criminal investigations also apply in this context, search warrants which means that search warrants may be obtained to gain access to the premises where the cracker is believed to have evidence of the crime. Such evidence would include the computer used to commit the crime, as well as the software used to gain unauthorized access and other evidence of the crime. The main objective of the study is to analyse about the cyber space and the customers’ perception about cyber crime. For this purpose a sample of 247 was collected from the respondents and percentage analysis and chi-square were used as tools to analyse the data.

Legal Reconstruction of Trafficking Victim Protection Based on Justice Value

The development of computer technology and the internet provide implications-the implications are significant in the settings and the establishment of regulations in cyber space and cyber laws as well as to the development of crime in cyberspace or often referred to as cybercrimes. Of the various things that need to be emphasized that the internet was not initially designed for tracking and tracinguser behavior, but it is designed for the needs of the military in the face of war the world at that time. Normatively, with the establishment of Law Number 11 Year 2008 On Information and Electronic Transactions as new rules that apply, and all the population is considered to have been knowing. Adoption of the Law on Information and electronic transactions against cybercrime. In the era of industrial Revolution 4.0 is the current utilization of the technology, the more massive the better government agencies, private companies, national banking, center for research and society. Sociological research empirical, then studied at first is secondary data, to then proceeds with the research on primary data lapangam or to the community. The author will give an overview first the definition and the classification of crime is cybercrime, the perpetrators and victims of form and modus operandi as well as how the public reacts to kejehatan cybercrime such. Cybercrime is a criminal activity in the virtual world with a network utilizing the computer as a tool and a network of the internet as a medium. In a broader sense, cybercrime is all the illegal actions committed through a computer network and the internet to get advantage by harming the other party. Then in the narrow sense, cybercrime are all illegal actions that are intended to attack computer security systems and the data processed by a computer system.

Tinjauan Terhadap Modus-Modus Kejahatan Dalam Hukum Cyber Crime

When surfing the digital world, you need to be careful about feeling comfortable on social media. Cybercrime is a form of crime that arises because of the use of internet technology. In line with advances in information technology, several crimes have emerged which are often interpreted as crimes committed in cyber space or areas. Rusbagio Ishak, Kadit Serse Polda Central Java said, this cyber crime has the potential to cause losses in several fields: political, economic, socio-cultural. Cyber ​​crime is various kinds of illegal access to a data transmission. In other words, cybercrime is an illegal activity on a computer system or is included in the category of crimes in cyberspace. The target of this cyber crime is a computer connected to the internet network. Cyber ​​crime is carried out with various purposes. Starting from fun testing hacking skills, to serious crimes that can harm the victim financially. One of the cyber crimes that is rife in Indonesia is a social engineering attack or social engineering. Social engineering is a manipulation technique that exploits human error to gain access to personal information or valuable data.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM FOR DETECTING CYBERCRIMES USING MODIFIED RIPPLE DOWN RULE SYSTEM AND NEURAL NETWORK.

Cybercrime is an unlawful act in which computer is the tools to commit an offense; cyber criminals perform operation in cyber space with the help of the internet. Most existing techniques used in detecting cybercrimes could detect individual attacks but failed in terms of coordinated and distributed attacks. Also, most of the detection system used to curb cybercrimes on web application generates a large number of false alarms. Hence, this research developed an enhanced system which could not only detect individual, coordinated and distributed attacks but also reduce the number of false alarms. The research data for this work which consists of six cards (labeled A, B, C, D, E and F) were sourced from an online shopping store. The six cards contain four attributes with associated two thousand seven hundred (2700) transactions. The number of transactions carried out through each card were 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 respectively. Sixty percent of transactions carried out on each card were used to train the system while the remaining forty percent were used to test the system. The acquired attributes through each card were used as inputs in developing the system. Radial basis function was used for features extraction and the extracted features were moved to the Modified Ripple Down Rule engine that compared the profiling of the cardholder transaction information. The developed system was implemented on Matrix laboratory environment. The performance of the developed system was evaluated at 0.80 threshold using Sensitivity, Specificity, False Alarm Rate, Accuracy and Computational Time.

Liability In The Cyber Space In Tanzania: A Focus On Internet Service Providers

Internet Service in Tanzania is provided by different vendors, both public and private. These providers are known as Internet Service Providers (ISPs). This paper examines ISPs as provided by The Electronic and Postal Communications Act, 2010, The Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority Act, 2003 and The Cybercrimes Act, 2015. The focus is on the nature of liability, extent of liability, and legal basis for such liability. Upon comparison of the nature of liability in Tanzania with selected jurisdictions, The study found that, unlike in the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US) and India, where the nature of liability is mainly civil, in Tanzania liability of ISPs leanest more towards criminal as opposed to civil liability.

Setting the Tone for Sound Forensic Investigations on Android-Based Social Media Platforms

Abstract: Android Social Media Applications have become a yardstick in facilitating a platform for human socialization on cyber space. They are an inevitable alternative, which is fast replacing most traditional ways that lacks full multimedia interaction adored by many. These applications are of forensic value as they account for most activities helpful in either incriminating or exonerating suspects in cases of adverse events. By default, most social applications store activity data in specific directories they create at the background of the hosting Android devices. Through expertise, this data can be extracted and analyzed to come up with meaningful insights useful in an inquiry of digital evidence interest. This study focused on forensics of Twitter and Clubhouse android based social media applications. The approach taken was to install these applications on emerging Android devices using the Samsung Galaxy S20+ (SMGS20+) and Samsung Galaxy Tab A7 (SMGTA7), populate known test data, perform data acquisition, execute data analysis noting results and then do a comparative analysis of tools and techniques utilized towards provisioning alternative solutions.

Managing cyber risk, a science in the making

Not a day goes by without news about a cyber attack. Fear spreads out and lots of wrong ideas circulate. This survey aims at showing how all these uncertainties about cyber can be transformed into manageable risk. After reviewing the main characteristics of cyber risk, we consider the three layers of cyber space: hardware, software and psycho-cognitive layer. We ask ourselves how is this risk different from others, how modelling has been tackled and needs to evolve, and what are the multi-facetted aspects of cyber risk management. This wide exploration pictures a science in the making and points out the questions to be solved for building a resilient society.

Нормативная природа персональной идентификации

The relevance of studying the problem of self-dentification is associated with the development of society’s man-made environment, computer technologies and means of communication. The development of cyber and virtual space has gained significance and, as a result, the established stereotypes of relating oneself to the models have been changing. In addition, globalization changes in modern society, which determine the possibility of unification of norms and universalization of the values of human existence, are viewed as important. On this basis, it seems necessary to identify other, modern ways to establish personal identity. It appears relevant to study this process from the position of normativity, but not just from the point of view of whether a person has properties that define his/her self. The search for normative bases for forms and practices of self-identification seems problematic. It is important to find criteria and principles of acceptability of establishing personal identity. This paper aimed to determine the normative nature of self-identification. As research methods, the author used the logical method, which allows to analyse the concepts of social normativity and self-identification in detail, as well as the critical method, which makes it possible to relate these concepts to each other. As a result, the normative nature of self-identification is manifested in a set of ascriptive and descriptive requirements for creating personal identity. The unity of such norms is interpreted by the author as a criterion for the acceptability and permissibility of forms and practices of self-identification, which makes it possible to influence the ways of social interaction and, as a consequence, regulation of social ties and relations. Such norms are subject to the evolutionary principle implying a reduction in the number of coercive norms and expansion of the scope of descriptive norms. The various practices of selfidentification are implemented based on its normative nature. Using the example of gender-related practices of self-identification, the author demonstrates the acceptability and effectiveness of the ideas proposed by him.

성인의 사이버공간 이용시간이 사이버폭력 피해에 미치는 영향

This study aims to suggest an effective solution that can decrease the victims of cyberbullying by adults, during pandemic(COVID-19). The mediating effect of cyber dependence moderated by exposure of personal information in cyberspace in the relationship between cyber space usage time and cyber violence victim of adults during non-face-to-face era. This study utilized the data from 「Cyber violenceSurvey」 conducted in 2020 by the Korea Intelligence Information Society Promotion Agency. The analysis results are as follows. First, adults' cyber dependence positively (+) significantly mediated cyberspace usage time and victimization of cyber violence. Second, the degree of exposure of personal information in cyber space significantly moderated the relationship between cyber dependence and victimization of cyber violence. Third, the mediating effect of cyber dependence in the relationship between cyber violence use time and victimization of cyber violence was moderated by the level of exposure of personal information in cyber space. Specifically, cyber dependence positively mediated cyber space usage time and victimization of cyber violence in all groups with high, medium, and low levels of personal information exposure in cyberspace, but the lower group had less positive effect than high group. The results of this study support that personal information protection in cyberspace is a defensive factor that can reduce victimization of cyber violence among adults. Based on these results, it is proposed to provide warning notices for exposure of personal information and educations for personal information protection. In particular, in the case of the elderly, who are classified as cyber vulnerable, customized education for personal information protection will be needed. Because personal information was often exposed due to ignorance of personal information protection methods and process. It is expected that this will be an effective solution to prevent the cyber violence of adults, which is emerging as a serious social problem.

Graphene nanoparticles as data generating digital materials in industry 4.0

One of the potential applications of 2D materials is to enhance multi-functionality of structures and components used in aerospace, automotive, civil and defense industries. These multi-functional attributes include sensing, energy storage, EMI shielding and property enhancement. In this article, we have explored the potential of using graphene and its variants as data generating sensory elements in Industry 4.0. We have presented a complete roadmap to cover three emerging technologies i.e. advance materials, artificial intelligence and block-chain technology. The utility of 2D materials such as graphene nanoparticles is yet to be explored as an interface for digitalization of a modern smart factory i.e. “factory-of-the-future”. In this article, we have explored how 2D material enhanced composites can act as an interface between physical and cyber spaces. An overview of employing graphene-based smart embedded sensors at various stages of composites manufacturing processes and their application in real-time structural health monitoring is presented. The technical challenges associated with interfacing graphene-based sensing networks with digital space are discussed. Additionally, an overview of the integration of associated tools such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and block-chain technology with graphene-based devices and structures is also presented.

Indonesian StateDefense as an Effort to Counter the Cyber space Security Threat of Metaverse

Indonesian StateDefense as an Effort to Counter the Cyber space Security Threat of Metaverse

Adoption of the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions against Cyber Crime

The development of computer technology and the internet provide implications-the implications are significant in the settings and the establishment of regulations in cyber space and cyber laws as well as to the development of crime in cyberspace or often referred to as cybercrimes. Of the various things that need to be emphasized that the internet was not initially designed for tracking and tracinguser behavior, but it is designed for the needs of the military in the face of war the world at that time. Normatively, with the establishment of Law Number 11 Year 2008 On Information and Electronic Transactions as new rules that apply, and all the population is considered to have been knowing. Adoption of the Law on Information and electronic transactions against cybercrime. In the era of industrial Revolution 4.0 is the current utilization of the technology, the more massive the better government agencies, private companies, national banking, center for research and society. Sociological research empirical, then studied at first is secondary data, to then proceeds with the research on primary data lapangam or to the community. The author will give an overview first the definition and the classification of crime is cybercrime, the perpetrators and victims of form and modus operandi as well as how the public reacts to kejehatan cybercrime such. Cybercrime is a criminal activity in the virtual world with a network utilizing the computer as a tool and a network of the internet as a medium. In a broader sense, cybercrime is all the illegal actions committed through a computer network and the internet to get advantage by harming the other party. Then in the narrow sense, cybercrime are all illegal actions that are intended to attack computer security systems and the data processed by a computer system.

Cyber Space Discussion on Electrochemistry: Rising Stars Exchange Views on the Past, Present, and Future of Our Community

Cyber Space Discussion on Electrochemistry: Rising Stars Exchange Views on the Past, Present, and Future of Our Community

A Vulnerability Assessment Approach for Transportation Networks Subjected to Cyber–Physical Attacks

Transportation networks are fundamental to the efficient and safe functioning of modern societies. In the past, physical and cyber space were treated as isolated environments, resulting in transportation network being considered vulnerable only to threats from the physical space (e.g., natural hazards). The integration of Internet of Things-based wireless sensor networks into the sensing layer of critical transportation infrastructure has resulted in transportation networks becoming susceptible to cyber–physical attacks due to the inherent vulnerabilities of IoT devices. However, current vulnerability assessment methods lack details related to the integration of the cyber and physical space in transportation networks. In this paper, we propose a new vulnerability assessment approach for transportation networks subjected to cyber–physical attacks at the sensing layer. The novelty of the approach used relies on the combination of the physical and cyber space, using a Bayesian network attack graph that enables the probabilistic modelling of vulnerability states in both spaces. A new probability indicator is proposed to enable the assignment of probability scores to vulnerability states, considering different attacker profile characteristics and control barriers. A probability-based ranking table is developed that details the most vulnerable nodes of the graph. The vulnerability of the transportation network is measured as a drop in network efficiency after the removal of the highest probability-based ranked nodes. We demonstrate the application of the approach by studying the vulnerability of a transportation network case study to a cyber–physical attack at the sensing layer. Monte Carlo simulations and sensitivity analysis are performed as methods to evaluate the results. The results indicate that the vulnerability of the transportation network depends to a large extent on the successful exploitation of vulnerabilities, both in the cyber and physical space. Additionally, we demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach by comparing the results with other currently available methods. The approach is of interest to stakeholders who are attempting to incorporate the cyber domain into the vulnerability assessment procedures of their system.

Categorizing Cyber Activity Through an Information-psychological and Information-technological Perspective, Case Ukraine.

Russian approach to warfighting includes an informational facet. Western hemisphere usually treats cyber activity as a tool similar to traditional warfighting tools such as rifles, artillery and tanks, whereas the Russian approach has an informational and narrative stance to the whole conflict. Placing information in the focus, switches the cyber activity to serve either an informational-psychological or an informational-technical approach. Examining the activity from this non-conventional trait and correlating it to other activities during the execution, the study highlights the coordination of kinetic and non-kinetic actions in an altered manner. In this article I am examining cyber activity through the terms of information-psychological and information-technological approach to form an understanding of Russian or Russian supported activities in cyber space before and during the Ukraine crisis. This will recognize types of cyber activity connected to actions in the physical environment. Actions identified are categorized and placed in a matrix created on psychological and/or technical clout. From this matrix groups of activities are scrutinized in correlation to other activities to expose possible narratives or underlying themes. The study relies on a variant of Grounded theory and is selected to elude from examine technical methods and actions. The observed timeframe is for the first study from 2021, well before the current hot phase, until summer 2022. This article is the first part of a two-stage study, where the first part examines cyber activity through the terms of information-psychological and information-technological approach. The second study places the previous findings in correlation to actions, reactions and mitigation activities to find out how defensive measures were relevant or if the outcome were result of something else than deliberate defensive (cyber-)activities. Throughout the larger study, the underlying hypothesis is that there is a larger coordination of cyber activities than acknowledged related to the ongoing crisis.

Visual Object Detection and Tracking for Internet of Things Devices Based on Spatial Attention Powered Multidomain Network

Internet of Things (IoT) has brought changes in many fields by joining physical space with the cyber space. The IoT devices are becoming increasingly complex. With the rapid deployment of cameras, tasks in IoT like visual information are more important, but IoT devices have limited computing resources, including power, computing ability, storage, etc. Some tasks that might be perfectly normal to perform on a computer would be rather challenging on an IoT device. Therefore, how to maintain acceptable performance while minimizing resources is becoming a more consequential part in IoT. In this article, we aim to solve the problem of object detection and tracking in IoT while minimizing resources. The traditional algorithms need to use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify different objects in each frame, and then determine the tracking target from identified objects, which typically requires a lot of computing resources. By incorporating spatial attention, and multidomain network, we proposed a novel algorithm named as spatial attention powered multidomain network (SA-MDNet). By adding the spatial attention mechanism to the original MDNet model, and using multiclass cross-entropy loss, we are able to distinguish the background and the target in different video sequences effectively and efficiently. This novel algorithm achieves similar performance on the OTB 50/100/2013 data sets compared to several state-of-art models, while uses only a fraction of the memory compared to MDNet.

Radical rest and recreation and their spatial permutations

Radical rest and recreation and their spatial permutations