Cyano Compounds Research Articles

CN and CH variations in the globular cluster M55

view Abstract Citations (27) References (44) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS CN and CH Variations in the Globular Cluster M55 Briley, Michael M. ; Smith, Graeme H. ; Hesser, James E. ; Bell, R. A. Abstract Blue spectra of a sample of 24 bright M55 red giants within the magnitude range of V between 11.8 and 14 have been obtained with the CTIO 4 m telescope and Argus multifiber spectrograph. Indices sensitive to absorption by the 3883 A CN band were measured from these spectra and combined with the CN data of Smith and Norris (1982) to yield CN band strength measurements for 47 stars. Aside from the CH star L2406, no stars with unusually strong 3883 A CN bands were detected. Analysis with the aid of synthetic spectra indicates a star-to-star spread in (N/A) of less than 0.3 dex. A similar treatment of the CTIO G-band (CH) strengths suggests a decrease in C abundance of 0.1 to 0.3 dex with increasing luminosity on the red giant branch from M(V) about -0.1 to -2.3. Similar trends have also been noted in other metal-poor clusters and are believed to be the result of the progressive mixing of CN-processed material into the stellar atmosphere. The (C/A) abundances of the asymptotic giant branch stars are consistent with those of the brightest red giants in our sample, implying little mixing during horizontal and asymptotic branch evolution. The overall star-to-star variation in (C/A) on the red giant branch for M(V) less than -0.8 appears to be 0.2 dex. From these data it appears that M55 may be atypical of the Galactic globular clusters in terms of its homogeneity of star-to-star surface abundances of both C and N. Publication: The Astronomical Journal Pub Date: July 1993 DOI: 10.1086/116624 Bibcode: 1993AJ....106..142B Keywords: Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars; Cyano Compounds; Globular Clusters; Methylidyne; Red Giant Stars; Stellar Magnitude; Absorption Spectra; Spectral Bands; Stellar Atmospheres; Variations; Astrophysics; GLOBULAR CLUSTERS: INDIVIDUAL: M55; STARS: ABUNDANCES; STARS: GIANTS full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (54)

The formation of cyanopolyyne molecules in IRC + 10216

view Abstract Citations (102) References (67) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Formation of Cyanopolyyne Molecules in IRC +10216 Cherchneff, Isabelle ; Glassgold, Alfred E. ; Mamon, Gary A. Abstract Molecule formation in the outer envelope of the carbon-rich star IRC + 10216 is investigated, with special emphasis on the chemistry of the cyanopolyynes HC(i)N (i = 3, 5, 7). Basic elements of the photochemical model of Glassgold et al. (1986) are revised. A dust model suitable to IRC + 10216 is used for which the extinction properties in the far-UV are those of 500 A amorphous carbon particles. A new chemical route to the formation of large cyanopolyynes is proposed, based on reactions of the radicals C3N and C5N with acetylene, and shown to be efficient. Our results agree qualitatively with observations of the spatial distributions of HCN, CN, HC3N, and C3N, but the calculated column densities of the higher-order cyanopolyynes appear to be too small. The amount of the allenic radical HC2N produced by molecular ion reactions with atomic N agrees with recent observations. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: June 1993 DOI: 10.1086/172737 Bibcode: 1993ApJ...410..188C Keywords: Carbon Stars; Cyano Compounds; Interstellar Chemistry; Stellar Envelopes; Abundance; Astronomical Spectroscopy; Free Radicals; Photochemical Reactions; Radiation Distribution; Astrophysics; ISM: MOLECULES; MOLECULAR PROCESSES; STARS: CARBON; STARS: CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER; STARS: INDIVIDUAL ALPHANUMERIC: IRC; 10216 full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (1)

Fixation of palladium on insoluble simple or complex cyano compounds

In order to propose a method for Pd recovery from industrial waste solutions a systematic study of the kinetics and retention capacity on several insoluble cyano compounds (simple cyanides, hexacyanoferrates II and III, and hexacyanomanganates) was performed. Sorbents were prepared either by precipitation, or by a method of local growth producing large particles, or by deposition on a carrier material. Among the products studied, nickel hexacyanoferrates II and copper hexacyanoferrates II and III seem to be the most promising. The highest retention capacity was achieved with a copper hexacyanoferrate III prepared by local growth. The mechanisms of fixation seem to be ion exchange with an oxidation-reduction process in certain cases.

The excitation temperature of HC9N in the circumstellar envelope of IRC + 10216

view Abstract Citations (25) References (12) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Excitation Temperature of HC 9N in the Circumstellar Envelope of IRC +10216 Bell, M. B. ; Avery, L. W. ; MacLeod, J. M. ; Matthews, H. E. Abstract We have observed six relatively low energy transitions of HC9N in the circumstellar envelope of IRC + 10216. We find this long carbon-chain molecule to have a mean excitation temperature of Tex = 12 +/- 3 K which is similar to the values reported previously for HC3N and HC5N. If this cool HC9N gas extends to a radius of about 25 arcsec, we calculate a column density of N about 4.0 x 10 exp 13/sq cm. We also report detection of the N = 2-1 transition of C3N. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: December 1992 DOI: 10.1086/172017 Bibcode: 1992ApJ...400..551B Keywords: Energy Transfer; Line Spectra; Molecular Chains; Radio Astronomy; Stellar Envelopes; Carbon Compounds; Cyano Compounds; Radio Spectra; Astrophysics; ISM: MOLECULES; RADIO LINES: MOLECULAR: CIRCUMSTELLAR; STARS: CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER; STARS: INDIVIDUAL ALPHANUMERIC: IRC; 10216 full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (1)

Plasma polymerization of cyano compounds

AbstractPlasma polymerizations of three cyano compounds—acrylonitrile (AN), 1,2‐dicyanoethylene (FN), and tetracyanoethylene (TCE)—were investigated by FT IR and XPS, and the transforamtion of cyano groups during the plasma polymerization was discussed. The results pointed out an aspect of the preparation of plasma films with cyano groups. Plasma polymerizations of AN, FN, and TCE deposited brown or dark brown films that contained carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. The elemental composition of the plasma films, especially N/C atomic ratio, showed a monomer dependence but no rf power dependence. The plasma films contained amide and amino groups, and ketene‐imine and conjugated — C = N — structures as well as cyano groups as nitrogen functionalities, and carbonyl and carboxyl groups as oxygen functionalities. For the preparation of plasma films with cyano groups, compounds with more than two cyano groups themselves are not suitable as monomers. The operation of plasma polymerization under mild plasma conditions at low rf power and in no oxygen atmosphere is favorable for the preparation of plasma films with cyano groups. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Laboratory detection of HC9N using a Fourier transform microwave spectrometer

view Abstract Citations (33) References (6) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS Laboratory Detection of HC 9N Using a Fourier Transform Microwave Spectrometer Iida, Minoru ; Ohshima, Yasuhiro ; Endo, Yasuki Abstract The laboratory microwave spectrum of a linear carbon chain molecule, HC9N (cyano-octatetra-yne), has been observed for the first time by discharging a mixture of vinyl-cyanide and acetylene diluted in argon. The absorption spectrum was observed in a supersonic beam, using a pulsed-nozzle Fabry-Perot-type Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. Frequencies of 11 rotational transitions have been combined with the previously reported astronomical data, yielding accurate ground state parameters, B0 = 290.518322(57) MHz and D0 = 0.874(78) Hz. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: April 1991 DOI: 10.1086/185998 Bibcode: 1991ApJ...371L..45I Keywords: Cyano Compounds; Interstellar Gas; Microwave Spectra; Radio Sources (Astronomy); Absorption Spectra; Fabry-Perot Spectrometers; Fourier Transformation; Line Spectra; Microwave Radiometers; Astrophysics; INTERSTELLAR: MOLECULES; LABORATORY SPECTRA; MOLECULAR PROCESSES; RADIO SOURCES: LINES full text sources ADS |

Trihaloacetylated Enol Ethers - General Synthetic Procedure and Heterocyclic Ring Closure Reactions with Hydroxylamine

An improved procedure is described for preparing ß-trichloro- and ß-trifluoroacetyl derivatives of six simple enol ethers, in analytically pure form, high yield, and on an up to molar scale. The 4-alkoxy-1,1,1-trichloro [fluoro]-3-alken-2-ones 4a-c and 5a-c, thus obtained, are cyclocondensed with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (in pyridine, 35°C to afford the 5-hydroxy-5-trichloro[fluoro]methyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles 6 and 7 in high yield. With cyclic substrates, i.e. the trihaloacetyl dihydrofurans and -2H-pyrans 4d, e and 5d, e, a competitive rearrangement reaction gives 3-cyano-2-hydroxy-2-trichloro[fluoro]methyltetrahydrofurans and -2H-pyrans 8 and 9, respectively. Direct condensation to a dihydroisoxazole prevails at 0°C (> 85% for 4d, 5d), rearrangement to the cyano compounds at higher temperatures (65-70°C, > 70%). Under either condition, the respective heterocycle may be isolated in > 60% yield (except for 6e).

Interstellar cyanomethane

We have made an observational study of the newly identified cyanomethane radical CH2CN and the possibly related species CH3CN with the goals of (1) elucidating the possible role of reactions of the type CnHm(+) + N in astrochemistry, and (2) providing a possible test of Bates's models of dissociative electron recombination. We find a remarkably different abundance ratio CH2CN/CH3CN in TMC-1 and Sgr B2, which we deduce is a result of the large difference in temperature of these objects. Studies of CH2CN and CH3CN in other sources, including two new detections of CH2CN, support this conclusion and are consistent with a monotonic increase in the CH2CN/CH3CN ratio with decreasing temperature over the range 10-120 K. This behavior may be explained by the destruction of CH2CN by reaction with O. If this reaction does not proceed, then CH2CN and CH3CN are concluded to form via different chemical pathways. Thus, they do not provide a test of Bates's conjectures (they do not both form from CH3CNH+). CH2CN is then likely to form via C2H4(+) + N --> CH2CNH+, thus demonstrating the viability of this important reaction in astrochemistry. The T dependence of the CH2CN/CH3CN ratio would then reflect the increasing rate of the C2H4(+) + N reaction with decreasing temperature.

CN and CH variations among giants in the globular cluster M2

view Abstract Citations (32) References (82) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS CN and CH Variations among Giants in the Globular Cluster M2 Smith, Graeme H. ; Mateo, Mario Abstract A spectroscopic survey has been made of the distribution of 3883 CN and 4300 CH band strengths among a sample of red giants in the globular cluster M2 (NGC 7089). The data are consistent with the majority of giants following a bimodal distribution of CN strengths, with the CN-strong giants exhibiting weaker CH bands than the CN-weak giants of comparable magnitude. However, two stars in the present sample appear to be CH stars, one of which was discovered previously by Zinn. Consequently, M2 provides the only known example of a cluster in which both bimodal CN distributions and CH stars exist. Publication: The Astrophysical Journal Pub Date: April 1990 DOI: 10.1086/168641 Bibcode: 1990ApJ...353..533S Keywords: Cyano Compounds; Globular Clusters; Hydrocarbons; Red Giant Stars; Stellar Composition; Late Stars; Metallicity; Stellar Spectra; Astrophysics; CLUSTERS: GLOBULAR; STARS: ABUNDANCES; STARS: LATE-TYPE full text sources ADS | data products SIMBAD (36)

Thermal analysis of some cyano compounds

The thermal behaviour of the title compounds in static air has been investigated by conventional thermal analysis (TG and DSC) and infrared spectroscopy of the solid residues at various temperatures. The following points are demonstrated:

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkylruthenium Nitrosyl Complexes. Migratory Insertion to Coordinated Nitric Oxide and the Mechanism of the Conversion of the Resultant Nitrosoalkyl Compounds to Oximate, Carboxamide, and Cyano Compounds.

AbstractThe alkyl nitrosyl complexes (Ia) and (Ib) are obtained from (Ic) by treatment with alkylating agents.

ChemInform Abstract: Convenient Synthesis and Ring Contraction via Thermolysis of 1,3‐Dichloro‐1,3,2,4,6‐dithiatriazines.

AbstractThe cyano compounds (II) undergo cyclocondensation reaction with the trichlorotrithiatriazine (I) to form the dichlorodithiatriazines (III).

Charge calculations in molecular mechanics 7: application to polar pi systems incorporating nitro, cyano, amino, C=S and thio substituents.

A previously described method for calculating partial atomic charges in molecules has been applied to a variety of different functional groups with pi electrons. The pi charges have been determined by varying the relevant Hükel coulombic and resonance integrals so as to reproduce the experimental dipole moments of known compounds. These include nitro, cyano, mercapto and thiocarbonyl compounds, anilines and a series of heterocyclic ring compounds involving nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms. The calculated dipole moments are in good agreement with experimental values and are a considerable improvement on other calculated values, while requiring only a fraction of the computational time necessary for more rigorous methods. The resulting pi densities compare favourably with other theoretical (CNDO, MNDO and STO-3G) methods.

ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Route to Novel Antiinflammatory 3‐Hydrazino(1,2,4)triazino Heterocycles.

AbstractAlkylation of the chloro derivatives (I) with chloroacetonitrile (II) produces the cyano compounds (III) which are treated wit hydrazine hydrate (IV) to form the hydrazines (V).

ChemInform Abstract: Comparison of Photoinduced Electron Transfer Reactions of Aromatic Carbonyl vs. Cyano Compounds with Electron Donors in Condensed Phase. The Importance of the Spin State of the Geminate Ion Pair for Obtaining High Ion Yields.

AbstractPhotoinduced charge separation is very efficient in systems of benzophenone (anthraquinone), 1,4‐diaza(2.2.2)bicyclooctane (N,N‐dimethylaniline), while it is inefficient when 9‐cyano‐ or 9,10‐dicyanoanthracene are used as acceptors.

Synthesis of alkylruthenium nitrosyl complexes. Migratory insertion to coordinated nitric oxide and the mechanism of the conversion of the resultant nitrosoalkyl compounds to oximate, carboxamide, and cyano compounds

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis of alkylruthenium nitrosyl complexes. Migratory insertion to coordinated nitric oxide and the mechanism of the conversion of the resultant nitrosoalkyl compounds to oximate, carboxamide, and cyano compoundsJeffrey Chang, Mark D. Seidler, and Robert G. BergmanCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1989, 111, 9, 3258–3271Publication Date (Print):April 1, 1989Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 April 1989https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00191a024RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views456Altmetric-Citations49LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertsSupporting Info (1)»Supporting Information Supporting Information Get e-Alerts

ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Aromatic Nitrile Ylides and Nitrile Oxides with Cyanogen and Diazocyanides.

AbstractThe title nitrile ylides, which are generated from the imidoyl chlorides (I), react with the title cyano compounds (II) and (IV) to give the heterocyclic products (III), (V) and (VI).

ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted Pyridines Using α,β‐Unsaturated Nitriles and Active Cyano Compounds.

AbstractCyclocondensation of the benzenesulfonylacetonitrile (I) with the cinnamonitriles (II) in the presence of sodium methoxide (III) yields the 3,4‐dihydropyridines (IV) which are dehydrogenated upon treatment with potassium permanganate, forming the pyridines (V).

Thermal analysis of some cyano compounds: Part II. Thermal behaviour of mixed KLnFe(CN) 6 · 4H 2O (Ln = La(III), Ce(III), Nd(III))

The thermal behaviour of potassium-rare earth ferrocyanides, KLnFe(CN) 6 · 4H 2O (Ln = La(III), Ce(III), Nd(III)), has been studied in static air by conventional thermal analysis and IR spectroscopy. The IR inspection of the residues remaining after heating at various temperatures showed that the lanthanide ions induce a hydrolytic mechanism with partial elimination of HCN instead of H 2O. The combustion of the samples leads to oxide (predominant) and carbonate mixtures with the formation of cyanate and, in the case of KLaFe(CN) 6 · 4H 2O, of cyanamide, as intermediates. The cerium compound decomposes at a lower temperature probably owing to a different mechanism involving the formation of CeO 2.

Chemical Depth Profiling Analysis of Polyvinylimidazole Film on Copper

Molecular structural changes of poly‐N‐vinylimidazole (PVI(1)) and poly‐4(5)‐vinylimidazole (PVI(4)) films by copper initiated reactions as a function of the distance from the copper surface have been studied. The chemical depth profiling analysis involves progressive etchings of the polymeric film on copper with aqueous acidic solutions of increasing concentrations and examination of the film by Fourier transform infrared reflection‐absorption spectroscopy (FT‐IR RAS). The result shows that the outer layer of the thermally untreated PVI(1) film consists of loosely bound or unreacted PVI(1) molecules. Relatively weak complexes with random orientation fill the middle and interfacial layers. For the thermally treated PVI(1) and PVI(4) samples, relatively weak complexes are formed at the outer layer. Cyano compounds, formed as the result of ring cleavages, are also found at the outer layer. The middle layer is made of complexes of different degrees of completeness. Loci of oxidation products are also discussed.