Calcinosis Cutis Research Articles

Eyelid Calcinosis Cutis

A healthy 13-year-old African American male presented with a lesion on the eyelid that demonstrated features of calcinosis cutis. Histologic examination revealed a central dilated milia cyst with scores of tiny calcium deposits in the adjacent dermis. The eyelid is an uncommon location for calcinosis cutis to manifest, but it has been reported in the literature, particularly in children of ethnic descent. The history obtained from the patient, as well as the histological and literature findings, are suggestive of dystrophic calcinosis cutis occurring on the eyelid in the setting of a ruptured milia cyst or comedone.

Iatrogenic Calcinosis Cutis in a Neonate

Iatrogenic Calcinosis Cutis in a Neonate

18F-FDG PET/CT in cutaneous calcinosis disease

A 18F-FDG PET/CT scan was conducted to evaluate the extent of recently diagnosed breast carcinoma in a 59-year-old patient. This was done following inconclusive results from a CT scan and bone scan, primarily due to extensive skin calcinosis complicating dermatomyositis. The PET/CT scan identified abnormal metabolic activity in the right breast and hypermetabolic lymph nodes. Interestingly, no other abnormal metabolic foci were found elsewhere in the body, despite discreetly diffuse hypermetabolic subcutaneous calcifications in the trunk and limbs. This underscores the diagnostic effectiveness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in such challenging cases.

Disseminated Cutaneous Gout Mimicking Calcinosis Cutis: A Rare Clinical Presentation.

Disseminated Cutaneous Gout Mimicking Calcinosis Cutis: A Rare Clinical Presentation.

Calcinosis Cutis Complicated with Recurrent Tissue Infections in a Patient with Limited Cutaneous Systemic Sclerosis: A Case Report

Calcinosis related to systemic sclerosis is a debilitating vascular complication that negatively affects quality of life. It results from the deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite in soft tissues that occurs in the presence of normal calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Injuries can be painful and cause tissue inflammation, ulcers with infections, or deformities that cause functional disability. We present the case of a 29-year-old woman with a history of calcinosis cutis associated with systemic sclerosis, lesions complicated by soft tissue infections, leading to septic arthritis. During the approach, improvement was achieved with the use of intravenous antibiotics and a long oral regimen. As it is a disease without definitive treatment, we improve the patient's living conditions and prevent future infections with non-pharmacological therapeutic measures.

Diascopy and histopathological evaluation of nonblanching erythematous dermatoses in dogs.

Diascopy is a point-of-care diagnostic test used to differentiate skin erythema due to vascular dilation from haemorrhage. In the veterinary literature, only a handful of diseases have been described to be associated with a negative (nonblanching) diascopy result, and histological investigation of haemorrhage has been inconsistent. Retrospective study to undertake a histopathological investigation of canine, nonblanching erythematous dermatoses for the presence or absence of haemorrhage and vascular changes. Skin biopsies from dogs presented with moderate-to-severe nonblanching erythema were evaluated histologically. Additionally, clinical data about each patient were analysed. Twenty cases were identified with nonblanching erythema. Diagnoses included vasculopathy (n = 6), canine eosinophilic dermatitis (n = 3), cutaneous epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma (n = 2), and one case each of sterile granuloma and pyogranuloma syndrome, German shepherd dog pyoderma, multiple mast cell tumours, haemangiosarcoma, exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus, canine leishmaniosis with sebaceous adenitis, sebaceous adenitis with concurrent dermatophytosis, calcinosis cutis and canine atopic dermatitis with insect-bite reaction. One or more vascular changes were present in all 20 cases and included perivascular oedema, endothelial swelling and neutrophilic infiltration of vessel walls. Haemorrhage was identified in 17 of 20 cases (85%). Three cases without dermal haemorrhage were calcinosis cutis, sebaceous adenitis with dermatophytosis and canine atopic dermatitis with insect-bite reaction. Negative diascopy was associated with haemorrhage and vascular pathological findings in the majority of cases, yet not all. Haemorrhage was identified histologically in all diseases previously reported as nonblanching as well as in a few additional diseases.

Permanent eustachian tube dysfunction in cabin crew member: Case report and narrative review

Herein we review the current literature on Eustachian Tubal dysfunction (ETD) in patient submitted to different and rapid pressure change. Our review shows that there no data about this kind of pathology in cabin crew member, there only few data for divers.

A review on calcinosis cutis

Calcinosis, marked by hydroxyapatite, calcium, and phosphate deposits in skin and subcutaneous tissues, is common in individuals with various physiological conditions, soft tissue ailments, and autoimmune disorders. Researchers categorize and analyze these occurrences, shedding light on their pathophysiology. They also review scientific evidence regarding non- pharmacologic and pharmacodynamic treatments. Calcinosis cutis involves the accumulation of insoluble calcium ions in the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue, classified into dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis subgroups. Dysplastic deposits result from cellular damage, while metastatic calcification stems from irregular potassium and phosphorous metabolism. Undiagnosed calcification occurs independently of tissue destruction or underlying disease. Autoimmune syndrome-induced epidermal calcification is a rare therapy-related effect. Calciphylaxis, primarily affecting the vascular system, is introduced, with disturbances in calcium and phosphorus biotransformation and congenital hypothyroidism as contributing factors.

A Review on Calcinosis cutis

Calcinosis (hydroxyapatite but also calcium and phosphate particle depositions) inside the matrix proteins of both the skin and subcutaneous stroma is just a regularly attended personification like pediatric and adult immune-mediated chronic inflammatory pathogens, particularly system-wide patients with multiple, physiological conditions, mingled soft tissue illness, as well as autoimmune disorder providing the ability. Listed here, researchers overview classifying like mainly characterized, illustrate processes which may make a contribution towards the pathophysiologic like mainly characterized, but also sum up this same scientific proof trying to evaluate non - non-pharmacologic as well as pharmacodynamic intervention and prevention again for remedy like mainly characterized. calcinosis cutis has been best described even by the accumulation of irresolvable calcium ions within the epidermis as well as subcutaneous. These same symptoms seem to be kept separate into 5 subgroups: dystrophic calcification, metastatic calcification, idiopathic calcification, iatrogenic calcification, as well as calciphylaxis. dysplastic calcium deposits would seem because of municipalities' cellular damage as well as the regular calcium and phosphorus layers throughout the plasma. Distant metastasis calcified seems to be best described by such irregular potassium as well as phosphorous various metabolic, resulting in this same formation of calcium through skin lesions as well as subcutaneous. Undiagnosed calcified takes place without even any subcutaneous tissue destruction as well as a particular disease. Epidermis calcified throughout autoimmune mainly characterized syndrome is a rare is indeed a secondary effect like therapeutic. Calciphylaxis introduced for container ship calcium deposits primarily affects the vascular system of both the dermal layer as well as subcutaneous adipose. Disruptions through calcium and phosphorus biotransformation as well as congenital hypothyroidism can indeed be recognized.

Calcinosis cutis in a young man with dermatomyositis

Calcinosis cutis in a young man with dermatomyositis

Calcinosis in systemic sclerosis.

To provide updated information on the prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutics of calcinosis cutis associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Observational studies show ethnic and geographical differences in the prevalence of calcinosis. In addition to clinical and serological associations, biochemical studies and in-vivo models have attempted to explain theories behind its pathogenesis, including prolonged state of inflammation, mechanical stress, hypoxia, and dysregulation in bone and phosphate metabolism. Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors may increase the risk for calcinosis in SSc. Few single center observational studies have shown mild benefit with minocycline and topical sodium thiosulfate. Calcinosis cutis is the deposition of insoluble calcium in the skin and subcutaneous tissues. It affects up to 40% of SSc patients and causes significant morbidity. Long disease duration, features of vascular dysfunction, and osteoporosis have been associated with calcinosis. Altered levels of inorganic pyrophosphate and fibroblast growth factor-23 have been implicated in dysregulated phosphate metabolism that may lead to calcinosis in SSc. Plain radiography can help with diagnosis and quantifying the calcinosis burden. Surgical treatment remains the most effective therapy when feasible. At present, no medical therapies have proven efficacy in large randomized controlled trials.

Prevalence of calcinosis cutis in the United States using the All of Us research database

Prevalence of calcinosis cutis in the United States using the All of Us research database

Calcinosis cutis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: Case-based review

Calcinosis cutis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: Case-based review

A Rare Association of Calcinosis Cutis with Rheumatoid Arthritis in an Elderly Woman – A Case Report with Cytology and Histopathology Correlation

A Rare Association of Calcinosis Cutis with Rheumatoid Arthritis in an Elderly Woman – A Case Report with Cytology and Histopathology Correlation

Characteristics and Outcomes of Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) in Thai Children: Experience from a Tertiary Referral Center

Background: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common autoimmune myositis in children. However, there is a paucity of data on the clinical characteristics of JDM patients in Thailand. Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations, investigations, treatments, complications, and outcomes of JDM in Thailand. Materials and Methods: A bidirectional descriptive study based on past medical records review. All children younger than15 years diagnosed with JDM by Bohan and Peter criteria at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between January 2010 and December 2022 were enrolled. Results: Thirteen cases were identified with 69% female. The median age at diagnosis and median time to diagnosis were 3.4 (IQR 2 to 6.5) years and 3.5 (IQR 1.2 to 8) months, respectively. The common clinical presentations at disease onset were weakness at 100%, Gottron papules at 69%, and heliotrope rash at 46%. Lactate dehydrogenase was elevated in all cases at diagnosis. Evidence of muscle inflammation was found in 78% of biopsies, 80% of EMGs, and 100% of MRIs. The most common myositis specific Ab was anti-NXP2 at 64%. Most patients had polyphasic disease courses. More than half of the patients, or 62%, developed calcinosis. Six of thirteen cases received recommended treatment with prednisolone and methotrexate at diagnosis. One patient with calcinosis had a good response with infliximab. Conclusion: The present review underscores that JDM patients with younger age at diagnosis will need to be monitored closely and need aggressive long-term treatment. Prompt treatment should be managed according to the severity of symptoms to improve clinical outcomes and prevent serious complications. Keywords: JDM; Calcinosis cutis; Myositis autoantibody; Children; Developing countries

Liquified Calcinosis Cutis masquerading as an abscess in Juvenile Dermatomyositis.

Liquified Calcinosis Cutis masquerading as an abscess in Juvenile Dermatomyositis.

42863 The association of milia-like calcinosis cutis, alopecia totalis and hyperthyroidism linked with the novel mutation for RBM28

42863 The association of milia-like calcinosis cutis, alopecia totalis and hyperthyroidism linked with the novel mutation for RBM28

Scrotal calcinosis- A rare condition diagnosed on FNAC

Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterised by single or multiple hard, painless nodules in the scrotal skin. It is uncommon and subtype of calcinosis cutis. It appears mainly in men aged 20‑40 years of age as hard, yellowish nodules varying in size (1 mm to several centimetres). They are usually asymptomatic; however, may be complicated with heaviness, itching or discharge. FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) can prove to be a useful tool for diagnosis of this rare disorder. A diagnosis by FNAC may at times be comforting for the patient and the treating Doctor and can help avoid unnecessary surgery. Reports on this issue are sparse and thus we are reporting uncommon condition of scrotal calcinosis diagnosed on FNAC rarely used to diagnose this condition.

Neonatal iatrogenic calcinosis cutis caused by calcium gluconate extravasation.

Calcium gluconate is widely used to treat neonatal hypocalcemia, severe hyperkalemia, and convulsions. However, extravasation of calcium gluconate can lead to iatrogenic calcinosis, causing symptoms such as local redness and swelling, cutaneous plaque, soft tissue calcification, and cutaneous tissue necrosis. Therefore, this study retrospectively analyzed the conservative treatment results of neonatal iatrogenic calcinosis. Data of neonates diagnosed with iatrogenic calcinosis cutis caused by calcium gluconate exudation between December 2012 and June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data included medical history, physical examination, laboratory findings, and radiographs. All the patients were conservatively treated, and the curative effect and prognosis were followed up by evaluating radiographs and limb function. Patients with complications, such as recurrence or limb dysfunction, were further followed up. Overall, 16 neonates (sex: 10 male and 6 female infants; age: 17.5 ± 7.8 days) were included. Iatrogenic calcinosis cutis was located around the left wrist, right wrist, left ankle, and right ankle in four, one, six, and five patients, respectively. Calcification healed within 1-3 months (mean: 1.6 ± 0.6 months). After a follow-up of 0.5-8.5 years (mean: 3.5 ± 2.8 years), the appearance, joint function, local growth, and development of the lesion of the neonates with iatrogenic calcinosis cutis were consistent with those of the healthy ones. For neonatal iatrogenic calcinosis cutis without cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue necrosis, symptomatic support treatment is effective and does not affect the limbs' appearance and function.Level of evidence: IV.

Calcinosis cutánea en un perro con hipercortisolismo: Reporte de caso

Cutaneous calcinosis in dogs is a dermatological condition that involves the deposition of calcium salts in the animals' skin. Its etiology has not yet been fully established, but it is believed that genetic, nutritional and metabolic factors may play an important role in the development of the disease. It is divided into four subtypes, according to its pathogenesis: dystrophic; metastatic; idiopathic and iatrogenic, with dystrophic being the most common. Hypercortisolism, also known as Cushing's syndrome, is one of the main causes of cutaneous calcinosis in dogs. In this condition, there is excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands, leading to a series of metabolic, immune and inflammatory changes that contribute to the formation of calcium deposits in the skin. Symptoms can vary, but they usually manifest as the formation of hard, white subcutaneous nodules that may ulcerate or leak creamy material. Diagnosis is performed through clinical and laboratory examinations, such as cytology of the nodules, biopsy, and laboratory tests. Treatment aims to control the underlying disease and provide local care, but it is quite challenging as there is no specific established therapy. This study aimed to report the case of a dog diagnosed with hypercortisolism, presenting secondary cutaneous calcinosis.