Calcinosis cutánea en un perro con hipercortisolismo: Reporte de caso

Abstract

Cutaneous calcinosis in dogs is a dermatological condition that involves the deposition of calcium salts in the animals' skin. Its etiology has not yet been fully established, but it is believed that genetic, nutritional and metabolic factors may play an important role in the development of the disease. It is divided into four subtypes, according to its pathogenesis: dystrophic; metastatic; idiopathic and iatrogenic, with dystrophic being the most common. Hypercortisolism, also known as Cushing's syndrome, is one of the main causes of cutaneous calcinosis in dogs. In this condition, there is excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal glands, leading to a series of metabolic, immune and inflammatory changes that contribute to the formation of calcium deposits in the skin. Symptoms can vary, but they usually manifest as the formation of hard, white subcutaneous nodules that may ulcerate or leak creamy material. Diagnosis is performed through clinical and laboratory examinations, such as cytology of the nodules, biopsy, and laboratory tests. Treatment aims to control the underlying disease and provide local care, but it is quite challenging as there is no specific established therapy. This study aimed to report the case of a dog diagnosed with hypercortisolism, presenting secondary cutaneous calcinosis.