Current Editorial Research Articles

World News.

World News.

Introductory Note and Editorial

Introductory NoteIt is a great honor to introduce myself as the new Co-Editor of the American Journal of Islam and Society. Developing the future of this journal is a considerable intellectual trust that I can only envisage as a collective effort to be undertaken with the journal’s excellent editorial team. Under Dr. Ovamir Anjum’s editorial leadership in the last few years, the journal established a very successful trajectory, combining high academic quality and timelytreatment of topics of interest to diverse communities of readers.In this introductory note, I would like to begin by expressing my commitment to the vision behind the recent name change from the American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences to the American Journal of Islam and Society. The new name captures the multidisciplinarity of the journal’s current content. This multidisciplinarity is reflected too in the editorial team’svaried areas of expertise, to which I bring my primary academic interest in Qur’anic and tafsīr studies; my work and experiences in developing Islamic Studies as a subject in its own right in Britain, which led to my involvement in founding and launching the British Association for Islamic Studies (BRAIS); and my more recent work on Islam and Muslims in Britain. Somecommon threads run across these different academic interests and activities, but one mode in which they have significantly intersected for me is through questions of gender, both conceptually and institutionally. It is this last aspect of my work that I am keen to draw upon as Co-Editor of the journal.Building on the achievements of the current editorial team, I see publishing research on Islam, gender, and sexuality to be an important and strategic area of growth. Scholarship on related topics has exponentially expanded both in quantity and quality. However, a great deal of current research is clustered around narrowly defined approaches and goals, themapping of which remains a future task. Suffice it to say here that central to my vision is to see the journal become a platform for rigorous gender-focused research which critically pursues as well as challenges the intellectual agendas and societal concerns on which the study of gender and Islam has turned until today.This intellectual dimension I see as concomitant with structural changes that allow broader and less siloed representation of women academics in the study of Islam and Muslims. One of my main goals is to work with the editorial team to formulate editorial policies and strategies which lend support to early-career female researchers and facilitate intellectual mentoring through reviewing processes.Finally, I would like to thank all those who have supported the journal throughout the years and helped build it up into a strong publication. I look forward to working with you and to receiving manuscript submissions from scholars across the multitude of fields which study Islam and Muslims. Shuruq Naguib, Co-Editor, American Journal of Islam and SocietyLecturer, Department of Philosophy, Politics, and ReligionLancaster University, Lancaster, UK

Academic journals can and should contribute to the future of school psychology.

In this Perspective, Rich Gilman and Robin Codding (the current and outgoing editors of School Psychology) respond to Conoley, Power, and Gutkin's views of the role of academic journals to advance professional paradigm shifts. Based on both historical trends and current readership data, the authors provide several reasons that academic journals have and will continue to be a primary forum for discourse on how school psychology should evolve as a discipline. Nonetheless, academic journals have inherent limitations that hinder this discourse. The paper concludes with several recommendations that could enhance the contributions of academic journals to these discussions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Further publication enhancements discussed during the current Editorial Board meeting of the Polish Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery (Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska).

Further publication enhancements discussed during the current Editorial Board meeting of the Polish Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery (Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska).

Editorial - Preprint e postprint em publicações científicas e no Direito: discussões e medidas para ciência aberta e divulgação de pesquisas

Recentemente, a Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal alterou suas políticas editoriais para, em conformidade com as diretrizes de Scielo e COPE, autorizar e incentivar o depósito de manuscritos em servidores certificados de preprint e postprint, de modo a ampliar a publicidade, a transparência e a celeridade na divulgação dos resultados de pesquisas científicas. Neste editorial, a partir de revisão bibliográfica, busca-se examinar alguns aspectos dessas práticas científicas, como sua origem, definição, benefícios e problemas, com foco na utilização nas ciências jurídicas – em particular, as criminais. Conclui-se que a tendência de ampliação de preprints aporta um cenário de novas perspectivas à produção de conhecimento e à editoração de revistas científicas, contribuindo com a consolidação de medidas para uma ciência aberta. Seus riscos e benefícios devem ser ponderados com cautela, mas os potenciais benefícios se sobressaem, como a maior celeridade na divulgação científica e a possibilidade de maior debate para aprimoramentos na pesquisa até a sua publicação definitiva.

RETRACTED: LncRNA GAS6-AS1 facilitates the progression of breast cancer by targeting the miR-324-3p/SETD1A axis to activate the PI3K/AKT pathway

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the current Editor in Chief, with the agreement of all authors. The article is being retracted due to inappropriate manipulation of the original data for presentation in Figures 2C, 5C and 6C. Upon further investigation and discussion with the authors, insufficient evidence was provided to support a reasonable explanation for these mistakes. In addition, the authors could not provide convincing original data supporting other figures of the manuscript, e.g. Figures 2G, 4 and 6A. Based on these findings, the Editor in Chief and the authors have decided to retract the study. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.

BE:ER is beyond suppression

BE:ER is beyond suppression

Pervasive gender bias in editorial boards of biodiversity conservation journals

Women are underrepresented in professional spaces, particularly at leadership positions. In science, the participation in editorial boards of journals is evidence of a high reputation within a specialty or field. Therefore, female presence in editorial boards can be used as a proxy for female presence and leadership in academic spaces. Here, we assessed the gender composition in editorial boards of 31 biodiversity conservation (BC) journals included in the Web of Science and obtained information on current and past editorial boards of these journals. We found pervasive gender bias in the editorial boards of the main scientific BC journals. Current editorial boards were composed of 1251 editors, of which only 28.7% were women. Nevertheless, gender biases are becoming smaller over time. Our projections indicate that BC journals may achieve gender balance in their editorial boards by the year 2038. We argue that a diverse and inclusive editorial board has greater chances to propose innovative solutions to conservation problems. Thus, the academic community, editors and journals must take proactive measures to achieve gender balance. Given that most editors are men, hiring women still depends on them; and these men need urgently to take their share of responsibility and be actors of change. More broadly, journals and science decision-makers must commit to their importance in the movement and start, for example, to hire and support women's work.

Notes on…

This month Nicola Bates, an expert on veterinary toxicology and the current congress abstract editor for the European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists (EAPCCT), provides notes on emesis in the management of poisoning.

Editors' Note

This is the first of three special, guest-edited issues of ISR that will precede the retirement of the current editors from the journal. This issue, co-edited by Nir Gazit and Yagil Levy, takes on the unusual and seemingly somewhat arcane subject of military policing in Israel—that is, in the West Bank and on the Gaza border. The subject seemed somewhat arcane when we started planning it early in 2019, but now, as this issue reaches publication, we find that military policing is closely related to current events around the world, especially in the US, sometimes even competing with the coronavirus pandemic for the headlines. See the guest editors’ introduction immediately following this note for a fuller exposition before delving into the articles that follow.

Abstracts

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Precise base editing with CC context-specificity using engineered human APOBEC3G-nCas9 fusions

BackgroundCytidine base editors (CBEs), composed of a cytidine deaminase fused to Cas9 nickase (nCas9), enable efficient C-to-T conversion in various organisms. However, current base editors can induce unwanted bystander C-to-T conversions when multiple Cs are present in the ~ 5-nucleotide activity window of cytidine deaminase, which negatively affects their precision. Here, we develop a new base editor which significantly reduces unwanted bystander activities.ResultsWe used an engineered human APOBEC3G (eA3G) C-terminal catalytic domain with preferential cytidine-deaminase activity in motifs with a hierarchy CCC>CCC>CC (where the preferentially deaminated C is underlined), to develop an eA3G-BE with distinctive CC context-specificity and reduced generation of bystander mutations. Targeted editing efficiencies of 18.3–58.0% and 54.5–92.2% with excellent CC context-specificity were generated in human cells and rabbit embryos, respectively. In addition, a base editor that can further recognize relaxed NG PAMs is achieved by combining hA3G with an engineered SpCas9-NG variant. The A3G-BEs were used to induce accurate single-base substitutions which led to nonsense mutation with an efficiency of 83–100% and few bystander mutations in Founder (F0) rabbits at Tyr loci.ConclusionsThese novel base editors with improved precision and CC context-specificity will expand the toolset for precise gene modification in organisms.

International Journal of Innovation - IJI completes 7 years

International Journal of Innovation - IJI completes 7 years

At the eve of the 40th anniversary of the Journal of Economic Psychology: Standards, practices, and challenges

The Journal of Economic Psychology (JoEP) is a veteran in the research field. JoEP was established by Fred van Raaij, who served as its first editor, and is the official journal of the International Association for Research in Economic Psychology (IAREP). It aims to present research that will improve understanding of psychological aspects of economic decisions and and processes. We, the current editors of the journal, took over in 2019 (CA-F in January, with EY joining in June), and we have delayed publishing the traditional editorial until now, well into our second year, so that we do not speak just of intentions, but also of actual practices. We view the journal as more than the leading journal in the field of Economic Psychology (which of course it is). We also view it as a meeting point of the academic cultures, and it is our fervent hope that the journal will continue to reap the advances in research practices in and beyond the disciplines of Psychology and Economics, especially those practices that have the potential to fertilize different disciplines. In this editorial, we aim to elaborate on the research, statistical, and editorial practices we endorse (or do not endorse), the reasons behind our position, the recent changes that we have implemented, and a few challenges that we, as a journal, are currently facing.

Individualized Homeopathy for Depression in Climacteric Women: Comments on the Retraction by PLoS ONE.

In April 2020 PLoS ONE retracted an original clinical research article, published in 2015, in which we demonstrated that individualized homeopathic treatment improves depression symptoms in climacteric women. The original assessment of this study was carried out by an expert in psychiatry (depression research) with close to 35 years' experience in the field of mental health. During post-publication discussions, no serious breaches of scientific procedure or misconduct were even insinuated. Our team answered all "points of concern", raised by the current PLoS ONE editors, in extensive detail. All these were potential limitations of our study, which would usually be addressed by one of several appropriate post-publication actions, ranging from discussion of the concern within a systematic review, through to correcting the study itself by adding a correction notice. Therefore, in the interests of transparency and accuracy, a summary of the most relevant points is provided, so that a fair-minded reader can objectively form a clear opinion.

“El santo de los santos del templo literario”. Acerca de Anagrama y su función consagratoria

Con base en postulados de Bourdieu, este artículo propone algunos paralelismos entre Anagrama y Gallimard como editoriales que conservan una imagen pública vanguardista que no se corresponde con sus políticas editoriales actuales. Se concluye que esa imagen de Anagrama opaca la labor de las pequeñas editoriales de América Latina que apuestan por el ciclo de largo plazo y el circuito alternativo. Al mismo tiempo, se cuestiona la afirmación de Casanova que sostiene que, frente a la literatura nacional, la literatura mundial poseería un carácter más autónomo e innovador.

From Intention to Action: Operationalizing AGA Diversity Policy to Combat Racism and Health Disparities in Gastroenterology

From Intention to Action: Operationalizing AGA Diversity Policy to Combat Racism and Health Disparities in Gastroenterology

Glycosylase base editors enable C-to-A and C-to-G base changes.

Current base editors (BEs) catalyze only base transitions (C to T and A to G) and cannot produce base transversions. Here we present BEs that cause C-to-A transversions in Escherichia coli and C-to-G transversions in mammalian cells. These glycosylase base editors (GBEs) consist of a Cas9 nickase, a cytidine deaminase and a uracil-DNA glycosylase (Ung). Ung excises the U base created by the deaminase, forming an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site that initiates the DNA repair process. In E. coli, we used activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) to construct AID-nCas9-Ung and found that it converts C to A with an average editing specificity of 93.8% ± 4.8% and editing efficiency of 87.2% ± 6.9%. For use in mammalian cells, we replaced AID with rat APOBEC1 (APOBEC-nCas9-Ung). We tested APOBEC-nCas9-Ung at 30 endogenous sites, and we observed C-to-G conversions with a high editing specificity at the sixth position of the protospacer between 29.7% and 92.2% and an editing efficiency between 5.3% and 53.0%. APOBEC-nCas9-Ung supplements the current adenine and cytidine BEs (ABE and CBE, respectively) and could be used to target G/C disease-causing mutations.

Ming Studies Editors on Black Lives Matter

We, the current editors of Ming Studies, would like to acknowledge the importance of the historical movement currently underway with the protests for social justice that have rung across the United...

Dual base editor catalyzes both cytosine and adenine base conversions in human cells.

Although base editors are useful tools for precise genome editing, current base editors can only convert either adenines or cytosines. We developed a dual adenine and cytosine base editor (A&C-BEmax) by fusing both deaminases with a Cas9 nickase to achieve C-to-T and A-to-G conversions at the same target site. Compared to single base editors, A&C-BEmax's activity on adenines is slightly reduced, whereas activity on cytosines is higher and RNA off-target activity is substantially decreased.