Base Cuneate Research Articles

New Species of Arisaema from China (Araceae: Arisaemateae)

Dioecious herb. Tuber subglobose, 3 4 cm diam. Cataphylls not seen. Leaf solitary; petiole to 50 cm long with lower 7 cm sheathing; leaf blade trifoliolate; leaflets subsessile, margins subcrenulate, undulate; terminal leaflet obovate, c. 11 x 12 13 cm, apex subtruncate, base cuneate; lateral veins 11 per side, connective vein 2 3 mm remote from margin; lateral leaflets oblique, rhombiform, c. 15 x 15 cm, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate. Peduncle to 36 cm long. Spathe nearly erect, c. 15 cm long; tube cylindric, c. 5 x 1.5 cm diam., dull yellow with whitish stripes, throat margins obliquely truncate, slightly recurved, not auriculate; limb spathulate, incurved, c. 10 cm long, upper part 5 cm wide, dark brown, without stripes, base constricted, 2.5 3 cm wide, brown with white stripes, apex abruptly narrowed and acute. Spadix unisexual. Male: fertile portion cylindric, 2.5 cm long; flowers lax, stipitate, anthers 2 5, dehiscing by horseshoe-shaped slits; appendix cylindric, c. 7 cm long in total, distal portion curved, lower 2 3 cm suberect, c. 3 mm thick, abruptly swollen towards base into a truncate, cap-shaped, stipitate base 4 5 mm in diam; stipe c. 7 mm long. Fl. Aug. Fr. Oct. Fig. 1.

New Taxa and Combinations in Eleutherococcus (Araliaceae) from Eastern Asia

While preparing a monographic study of Eleutherococcus, we discovered the three new taxa, E. brachypus var. omeiensis, E. huangshanensis, and E. pseudosetulosus, described here. In addition, three new combinations, E. divaricatus var. chiisanensis, E. pilosulus, and E. pubescens, are proposed. Eleutherococcus Maximowicz (1859, emend. C. H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun) is an endemic Asian genus with about 35 species distributed mainly in northeastern Asia including China, Korea, and Japan, with some members also extending to southwestern Asia (Kim, 1997). The genus Acanthopanax (Decaisne & Planchon) Witte was initially recognized as a subgenus of Panax L. by Decaisne and Planchon (1854) and raised to generic rank by Witte (1861). Harms (1894) combined the two genera, and adopted the name Acanthopanax, which has since been widely used by many botanists. However, Acanthopanax does not have priority and is therefore illegitimate under current ICBN nomenclature (Greuter et al., 1994). Some recent authors (e.g., Hu, 1980; Ohashi, 1987; Hsu & Pan, 1993) have therefore transferred taxa from Acanthopanax to Eleutherococcus. Plants of Eleutherococcus are shrubs and are characterized by the presence of prickles, five-merous flowers with two to five carpels, and palmately compound leaves. The genus as a whole is highly variable resulting in much taxonomic confusion (Kim, 1997). For example, E. koreanus Nakai was distinguished from E. senticosus (Ruprecht & Maximowicz) Maximowicz based on its unarmed twigs. However, examination of specimens from various regions has shown this character to be merely included within the limits of natural variation among individuals. While preparing a monographic study of Eleutherococcus, we found three new taxa and describe them here: E. brachypus var. omeiensis, E. huangshanensis, and E. pseudosetulosus; three new combinations are also made: E. divaricatus var. chiisanensis, E. pilosulus, and E. pubescens. Eleutherococcus brachypus (Harms) Nakai var. omeiensis C. H. Kim & B.-Y. Sun, var. nov. TYPE: China. Sichuan: Omei Hsien, Mt. Omei, 10 Oct. 1940, T C. Lee 3794 (holotype, US; isotype, A). Foliola 3, terminalia foliola elliptica, glabra; terminales petioluli ca. 1 cm longi, glabri. Flores cum pedicellis articulatis. A hermaphroditic shrub to 2 m tall; stems erect, glabrous. Leaves 3-foliolate, leaflets elliptic, somewhat chartaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, secondary veins 3 to 5 pairs, the apex obtuse or acuminate, the margin entire, the base cuneate; petiole 0.5 cm long, glabrous; terminal leaflets 2-4 x 11.5 cm, petiolule relatively long, ca. 1 cm; lateral leaflets somewhat smaller than terminal ones, sessile or short-petiolulate. Inflorescence of umbels arranged in a simple cyme at the end of long branches of the current year's growth, rarely at the end of short branches, glabrous; pedicel articulated at uppermost part, 1-1.5 cm long, glabrous. Calyx 5toothed; petals 5; stamens 5; carpels 5, style united into a single column, stigma indistinctly 5-lobed, ca. 1 mm long; ovary 2 mm long. Fruit unknown. This variety is thus far known only from Mt. Omei, Sichuan, China, from which the epithet was derived. The typic variety occurs in Gansu, Shanxi, and Shaanxi in China. Eleutherococcus brachypus var. omeiensis differs from other members of the genus by its articulation in the uppermost part of the pedicel. This variety is also distinguished from the typic variety in having a long (ca. 1 cm) petiolule on the terminal leaflet. Other features are the same and hence we recognize it as a variety of E.

Memecylon manickamii, a New Species of Melastomataceae from the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu

A glabrous shrub or small tree to 4 m; branchlets grooved, bark grey-black; leafscars prominent; internodes 514 mm long. Leaves decussate. Petioles 3 mm long, canaliculate above. Laminas 2 4 x 0.8 1.4 cm, elliptic-oblong, coriaceous, yellowishgreen when dry; nerves not prominent, lateral nerves inconspicuous;, base cuneate to attenuate; margins entire; apex obtuse to acute (occasionally emarginate). Inflorescence terminal, lax, paniculate, composed of 2 5 decussately branched umbellate cymes; peduncles 1 4, terminal, 1 1.8 cm long, slender, 4-angled; bracts lanceolate, 1 x 0.25 mm. Flowers 3 4 mm in diameter; pedicels 2 mm long. Hypanthium to 1 mm long, cupular with internal ridges; lobes 4, minute, c. 0.5 mm, pink. Petals 4, elliptic to orbicular, 1.5 mm long, base slightly clawed, apex apiculate. Stamens 8, equal; filaments slender, linear-subulate, to 2 3 mm long; anthers falcate, 1.5 mm. Ovary sub-globose to truncate, to 1 mm, unilocular, placentation free-central; ovules (5 -) 6; style subulate, to 2 mm, stigma simple. Fig. 1.

Rediscovery and Assessment of Stenogyne sherffii Degener (Lamiaceae)

Rediscovery and Assessment of Stenogyne sherffii Degener (Lamiaceae)

A New Species of Chinese Adenophora (Campanulaceae)

Adenophora ningxianica is described, and its relationships to A. wawreana Zahlbruckner and A. gmelinii (Sprengel) Fischer are discussed. The name Adenophora ningxianica Hong, which first appeared in Hong (1983) and subsequently in many local Chinese floras, was not validly published because it was not accompanied by a Latin description or diagnosis. It is herein validated, and a detailed description in English is provided. Adenophora ningxianica Hong ex Ge & Hong, sp. nov. TYPE: China. Ningxia: Ala (Helan) Mountains, Taszekow, 1600 m, 28 Aug. 1933, Y. Y Pei 120 (holotype, PE). Species similis A. wawreanae et A. gmelinii, sed ab illa differt foliis sessilibus glabris, capsula tenui cylindrica ca. 8 mm longa, seminibus majoribus; ab hac differt corolla parva et angusta, stylo exserto, calycis lobis angustis parvis et nigro-callosis. Perennial herbs. Stems 30-50 cm tall, several from base, unbranched, erect, glabrous, rarely pubescent. Basal leaves cordate or obovate; cauline leaves alternate, sessile or short petiolate; leaf blade 2-7 cm long, 0.2-1.8 cm wide, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate or rarely linear, glabrous on both surfaces, base cuneate, margin serrate. Inflorescences few-flowered racemes or panicles. Pedicel 0.5-1.5 cm long, slender. Calyx tubes obovoid, glabrous; calyx lobes 2-6 mm long, ca. 1 mm wide, subulate or subulate-lanceolate, margin mostly with a pair of small verrucate teeth or rarely entire. Corolla 1.4-1.6 cm long, narrowly campanulate, blue or purplish blue; lobes ca. 3.5 mm long, ovate-triangular. Disc 2-2.5 mm long, tubular, glabrous. Style 1.6-1.8 cm long, slightly exserted. Capsule ca. 8 mm long, ca. 3 mm diam., long ellipsoid. Seeds ca. 2 mm long, yellow, oblong, with a winglike ridge. Flowering July-August, fruiting September-October. Adenophora ningxianica is most closely related to A. wawreana Zahlbruckner and A. gmelinii. From these, it differs in having a narrower corolla, a slightly exserted style, sessile or short-petiolate and glabrous cauline leaves, smaller calyx lobes with toothed margins, slender capsules, and larger seeds. Adenophora wawreana has a broadly campanulate corolla, a distinctly exserted style, pubescent cauline leaves with petioles ca. 2.5 cm long, 4-10-mm-long calyx lobes, broader capsules, and seeds 0.8-1.2 mm long. Adenophora gmelinii differs from A. ningxianica in having a broadly campanulate corolla, a slightly included style, entire and wider calyx lobes, and broader capsules 4-7 mm in diameter. Paratypes. CHINA. Ningxia: Helan Mt., Suyukou, Y Q. He 7315 (PE); Helan Mt., Wudaotai, Yellow River Exped. 8950 (PE); Helan Mt., Gilawu Vellay, Group He 255 (PE). Gansu: Lanzhou, Xinlong Mt., Y Q. He 5390 (PE). Acknowledgments. We are grateful to Yang Qiner for revising the Latin diagnosis and Ihsan AlShehbaz for his help with the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Youth) of China (grant #39600009).

New Species of Xylopia and Uvaria (Annonaceae) from Tanzania

Two new species of Annonaceae from the threatened lowland coastal forests of Tanzania are described and illustrated. Xylopia mwasumbii D. M. Johnson has distinctive flattened monocarps, unique among its African congeners. Uvaria puguensis D. M. Johnson is a small-flowered species belonging to a complex including, in East Africa, U. angolensis, U. lucida, and U. tanzaniae. A key to the taxa of the U. angolensis group in East Africa is provided. Annonaceae are especially diverse in the lowland coastal forests of Tanzania and Kenya, with six genera and 35 species endemic to these forests (Verdcourt, 1971, 1986; Verdcourt & Mwasumbi, 1988; Vollesen, 1980). At the same time that the biological diversity of these coastal forests is being recognized, this rare forest formation is disappearing due to pressure from land development and charcoal production (Burgess et al., 1992; Mwasumbi et al., 1994). Pugu Forest Reserve near Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, is the best-studied coastal forest in Tanzania (Burgess et al., 1992), yet we have just recently gathered sufficient material to describe two new species of Annonaceae, one in Xylopia and one in Uvaria, from this small reserve and nearby areas. Both species occur in forested uplands with a distinctive suite of associated species, including Baphia puguensis Brummitt, Hugonia castaneifolia Engler, Hymenaea verrucosa Gaertner, Hymenocardia ulmoides Oliver, Landolphia kirkii Dyer, Lasiodiscus holtzii Engler, Manilkara sulcata (Engler) Dubard, Monanthotaxis fornicata (Baillon) Verdcourt, Nesogordonia holtzii (Engler) Capuron, Scorodophloeus fischeri (Taubert) J. Leon, Suregada zanzibariensis Baillon, and Uvaria pandensis Verdcourt, as well as species of Croton, Haplocoelopsis, Ochna, Megalochlamys, Rinorea, and Tessmannia. Verdcourt (1971), in his treatment of Xylopia for the Flora of Tropical East Africa, first drew attention to the specimen Semsei 3704 from the Pugu Forest Reserve, identifying it as Xylopia Species B and commenting, material is scarcely adequate for description and only one of the two specimens seen bears flowers; both bear globose artichoke-like galls covered with conical tubercles which appear to be derived from the flowers. The name Xylopia Species B has, in the meantime, crept into East African floristic literature (e.g., Hawthorne, 1993), but it is now possible to name and describe this species in detail. Xylopia mwasumbii D. M. Johnson, sp. nov. TYPE: Tanzania. Coast Region: Kisarawe District, Pugu Forest Reserve, along N road 0.5 km E of brick factory, 6?52'S, 39006'E, 200 m, 16 Feb. 1996, Johnson & Ndangalasi 1884 (holotype, OWU; isotypes, DSM, K, MO). Figure 1A-H. Inter africanas Xylopiae species petalis lanceolatis olivaceis, staminibus non-capitatis, staminodiis nullis, carpellis duobus vel tribus, stigmatibus glabris oblongo-falcatis, toro leviter tantum concavo, et monocarpiis foliiformibus falcatis venosis compressis distincta. Tree 4-9 m tall, DBH up to 8 cm, often with multiple trunks, the principal trunk often arching rather than erect; bark white with gray and orange mottling, exfoliating in places; slash brown on yellow (ex Hawthorne). Nodes occasionally with two or more axillary branches. Twigs 0.7-2.1 mm diam., gray, longitudinally wrinkled, with epidermis soon exfoliating, sparsely lenticellate, sparsely appressed-pubescent to glabrate, the simple hairs 0.2-0.4 mm long. Lamina of larger leaves 4.6-7.7 cm long, 2.4--4.3 cm wide, paler abaxially, subcoriaceous, broadly elliptic to elliptic, occasionally ovate, elliptic-ovate, or obovate-elliptic; base cuneate, decurrent on petiole; apex 4-8 mm long, blunt-acuminate, or occasionally obtuse and emarginate; lamina with adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface sparsely sericeous; midrib impressed to plane adaxially, abaxially raised and keeled; secondary veins 9-11 per side, departing at 50-600 from the midrib, weakly brochidodromous, anastomosing 1-2 mm from margin; secondary and highNovoN 9: 55-60. 1999. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.138 on Tue, 19 Apr 2016 04:43:31 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

A New Species of Lantana (Verbenaceae) from Cuba

Summary. A new species of Lantana from Cuba, L. elenievskii I. E. Mendez, is described, and a key provided to the small-leaved species from the Bahamas and the Greater Antilles. During revision of the genus Lantana L. for the Flora of the Cuban Republic project, a group of specimens was found in HAJB and HIPC, whose characters differ from all the species hitherto described. Studies of the natural populations and comparison with similar taxa from the Greater Antilles and Bahamas, described by Desfontaines (1829), Britton (1905), Urban (1912) and Moldenke (1948), lead me to propose a new species: Lantana elenievskii L E. Mendez sp. nov. ad sectionem Callioreas (Cham.) Schauer, seriem Involucratae Briq. pertinens; L. ciferrianae Ekman ex Moldenke similis sed foliis subtus fere glabris non valde pubescentibus, bracteolis spathulatis non orbicularibus facile distinguenda. Typus: Cuba, Province of Guantanamo, San Antonio del Sur, camino de Mina de Yeso a Baitiquirf, 200 - 400 m, 13 May 1980, Alvarez, Bisse, Gutierrez & Meyer 43147 (holotypus HAJB; isotypi B, JE). Erect shrubs, 1 m tall, much-branched; younger branches with sessile glands. Leaves opposite, 2 - 4 x 1 - 4 mm, elliptic to oblong or ovate, oblanceolate or almost orbicular; apex rounded, rarely obtuse; base cuneate, sometimes decurrent at petiole; upper surface conspicuously bullate-reticulate, glabrous to glabrescent, with scattered sessile glands; lower surface white-tomentose, with densely scattered sessile glands; primary, secondary and tertiary veins depressed on the upper surface, prominent beneath; margins crenate to lobulate. Small head pauciflorous (2- 4 flowers), axillary, 3- 5 mm diameter; peduncles 1.5- 5 mm long; bractoles spathulate, lax-imbricated, glandular, 2 x 1 mm, the outer ones somewhat broader (up to 2 mm); calyx 2.5 mm long, pubescent, 1 mm diameter, 4-dentate, one tooth 2 mm long, the rest 1.5 mm long; corolla hypocrateriform, mauve-pink or white, tube up to 2 - 3 mm long, limb bilabiate, anterior lip entire or emarginate, posterior lip 3-lobate; stamens 4, didynamous; ovary 2-locular, style 1 mm long; drupe globose or subglobose, 1.8 x 1.5 mm, apiculate, apiculus 0.2 mm long. (Fig. 1). HABITAT. Xeromorphic coastal and subcoastal heath, on skeletal soil or rendzinas derived from limestones, Province of Guantinamo, Cuba.

A New Lobelia from Mexico, with Additional New Combinations in World Campanulaceae

Lobelia guerrerensis is a new species endemic to pine, pine-oak, and mixed deciduous forests of the Sierra Madre del Sur in Guerrero, Mexico. Though collected several times over the past 60 years, the specimens were consistently misidentified as the narrow-leaved phase of L. laxiflora. Detailed phenetic analyses, however, have showed them to be morphologically quite distinct. In addition, several new combinations needed for a forthcoming checklist of world Campanulaceae are published. Work is drawing to a close on a checklist of Campanulaceae s.1. currently recognized in the world's taxonomic literature. Four precursor papers effecting requisite nomenclatural changes (Lammers, 1995, 1998a, 1999) and describing recently detected species (Lammers, 1998b) have already appeared. This is the fifth and (I hope) final installment in that series. It should be noted that some of the names validated here stem from recent studies conducted under my direction by two students, Michael James Eakes of the University of Illinois and Kari Ellen Morris of the University of Illinois-Chicago. It will not be possible to publish their complete results prior to publication of the checklist. Therefore, nomenclatural innovations dictated by their studies are extracted and published here in advance, so that the resulting names will be available for use in the checklist and elsewhere. Actions undertaken here are of three types: (1) description of a new species of Lobelia L. from Guerrero, Mexico (with a change in rank for a related taxon); (2) new combinations in Campanula L., Centropogon C. Presl, and Lobelia, dictated by the principle of priority; and (3) new combinations for species and subspecies of Codonopsis Wallich, Cyanea Gaudichaud, Cyclocodon Griffith, and Delissea Gaudichaud, which do not have a name at that rank in the genus or species to which they are assigned. NEW SPECIES Unpublished morphometric studies in Lobelia sect. Homochilus A. DC. by Eakes (cf. Hamlin, 1995; Eakes & Lammers, 1996) disclosed the existence of a discrete group of specimens from the Mexican state of Guerrero, which did not conform to any previously recognized taxon. These specimens had been collected over the past 60 years by different botanists and widely distributed to the world's herbaria. In every instance, however, they were identified as the narrow-leaved phase of L. laxiflora Kunth, a species widespread in Mexico and Central America (see below). It was only with detailed phenetic analyses that the distinctness of these plants was revealed. Because these plants were as distinct morphologically as any species in the section, they are here described as a new species: Lobelia guerrerensis Eakes & Lammers, sp. nov. TYPE: Mexico. Guerrero: municipio de Atoyac de Alvarez, a 6 km al SO de Puerto del Gallo, bosque mes6filo de montafia, 2320 m, 29 Mar. 1983, Soto & Martinez 5136 (holotype, MEXU). Figure 1. A Lobelia laxiflora foliis cernuis cum marginibus integris vel subintegris et minute revolutis, corollae tubo flavo vel luteo-aurantiaco et lobis rubris vel aurantiacis, tubo antherarum dense villoso a basi ad summum tecto cum trichomatibus isabellinis 2-4 mm longis, antheris ventralibus apice caespitosis cum trichomatibus isabellinis 1.5-2 mm longis, capsulis 9-11 mm diametro, et seminibus 0.70.8 mm longis 0.3-0.4 mm latis differt. Stems 1-2 m tall, woody or suffruticose, branched or unbranched, erect or ascending, glabrous. Leaves sessile, glabrous; lamina linear or lanceolate, 7-18 cm long, 0.3-1.1 cm wide, cernuous, chartaceous; margin entire or sometimes with a few distant minute callose teeth, minutely revolute; apex narrowly acuminate; base cuneate or attenuate. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves; pedicels 60-130 mm long, ca. 1 mm diam., straight or slightly incurved, glabrous, bibracteolate in the lower half; bracteoles 0.5-3 mm long, linear. Hypanthium depressed hemispheric, 4NovoN 9: 381-389. 1999. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.35 on Mon, 29 Aug 2016 04:45:53 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

A Revision of Sisymbriopsis (Brassicaceae)

A Revision of Sisymbriopsis (Brassicaceae)

Notes on Malesian Fabaceae (Leguminosae-Papilionoideae) 4. Millettia chrysamaryssa, a New Species from Peninsular Malaysia

A new species, Millettia chrysamaryssa Adema from Peninsular Malaysia, is described. During the preparation of an account of Millettia Wight & Arnott for Flora Malesiana, a new species was found in the material identified as Millettia sericea (Ventenat) Wight & Arnott. Millettia sericea, although restricted to Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia, and Java, has always been seen as a variable species. Various forms and varieties have been described (Miquel, 1855, 1860; Prain, 1897; Dunn, 1912). However, these forms differ only slightly among each other, and the need to discriminate them has not been substantiated. A significant group of plants, differing in indumentum, flowers, fruits, and seeds, has consistently been overlooked. These plants, all from Peninsular Malaysia, are described here as a new species. Millettia chrysamaryssa Adema, sp. nov. TYPE: Malaysia. Perak: Padang, Selim river, 12 Apr. 1978, Maxwell 78-107 (holotype, L; isotypes, AA, SINU not seen). Figure 1. Liana. Axes brunneo-velutini. Folia 5-15-foliolata. Folioli elliptici ad anguste obovati raro anguste ovati infra dense sericei aurei vel argentei nitentes. Stipellae desunt. Pseudo-racemi axillares. Vexillum sine callis. Stamina monadelpha vel diadelpha fenestris basalibus. Legumina applanata late ligulata extus brunneo-velutina. Semina applanata oblonga. Lianas. Twigs terete, 3-9 mm diam., dark brown velvety. Leaves 5-15-foliolate (mostly 13). Stipules triangular, ca. 5 x 3 mm, caducous. Petioles 410.5 cm long, terete, brown velvety; rachis 5-23.5 cm long, terete, brown velvety; pulvinus 7-20 mm long. Stipels absent. Leaflets: terminal elliptic to narrowly obovate, 7-19 x 2-5 cm, length:width ratio 2.5-3.8, base cuneate to rounded, apex acuminate, acumen 4-20 mm long, above glabrous, below densely silvery or golden sericeous, midrib slightly sunken above, nerves flat or slightly sunken above, 7-11 per side, 5-25 mm apart; lateral mostly as the terminal, narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, 4-19 x 1-5 cm, length:width ratio 2.5-4.2; pulvinus 5-13 mm long. Inflorescences axillary, pseudoracemes, often apically clustered, or pseudopanicles, 18-37 cm long, peduncle 3-13 cm long, brown velvety. Bracts to the brachyblasts ovate, 2.5-3 x 1.2-2 mm, adaxially velvety, abaxially glabrous. Brachyblasts 5-10-flowered. Bracts to the flowers broadly ovate, 1.7-1.9 x 1.1-1.2 mm, adaxially velvety, abaxially glabrous. Pedicels 5-9 mm long. Bracteoles at the base of the calyx, ovate, 1.2-1.9 x 0.6-1.2 mm, adaxially velvety, abaxially glabrous. Calyx 5-7 mm long, tube 4-5 mm long, adaxially velvety, abaxially glabrous, slightly obliquely bilabiate, lower lip three lobes somewhat longer than upper two lobes. Corolla papilionaceous, white or pink, or yellowish white and violet at the base, standard often with a light green blotch abaxially near the base. Standard: claw 2.54 mm long, adaxially sericeous; blade orbicular, 10-13 x 9-14 mm, emarginate, adaxially sericeous, abaxially sericeous at the very apex, basally with auricles ca. 1 mm long, callosities absent. Wings: claw 4-5 mm long; blade narrowly ovate to elliptic, 9-11 x 3.5-4.5 mm, with some hairs at the base and auricles, dorsal auricles 0.5-1 mm NovoN 9: 289-291. 1999. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.128 on Tue, 06 Sep 2016 05:39:11 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Four New Species of Doliocarpus (Dilleniaceae) from the Brazilian Amazonian Region

Summary. Four new species of the genus Doliocarpus (Dilleniaceae) from the Amazonian region of Brazil are described and illustrated (D. aracaensis, D. aureobaccus, D. kubitzkii and D. pruskii) and the relationships with their allied species are discussed. D. pruskii is remarkable for its opposite leaves in an otherwise predominantly alternate-leaved family. Doliocarpus is a neotropical genus of about 45 species distributed throughout southern Mexico, Central America, the Antilles, the Guianas, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay (Aymard & Miller 1994), with the greatest species diversity in Brazil. The genus can be distinguished from the other neotropical Dilleniaceae by the following features: mostly lianas, inflorescence ramiflorous, fasciculate or glomerate, gynoecium unicarpellate, 1-celled, fruit a berry, and seeds with white arils. Doliocarpus aracaensis Aymard sp. nov. a Doliocarpo paraensi Sleumer foliis ellipticis vel lanceolato-ellipticis margine integris sed sinuatis, supra secus costam nervosque trichomatibus erectis obductis, subtus secus costam nervosque sericeis, nervis lateralibus adscendenti-curvatis 1.5 - 2 mm a margine conjunctis, petiolo dense appresso-pubescente, pedunculo dense sericeo; sepalis inaequalibus (internis obovatis, externis ellipticis) extus dense sericeis; petalis 2.5 - 3 mm longis, obovatis; antheris c. 0.8 mm longis, bacca dense sericea 4- 5 mm diametro differt. Typus: Brazil, Amazonas. I L. do Amaral et al. 1688 (holotypus INPA!; isotypi NY., PORT!). Liana; branches densely sericeous, becoming glabrous when mature. Leaves coriaceous, elliptic or narrowly elliptic, 12 - 16 x 6 - 8 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate, margins subrevolute, entire, sinuate mostly in the upper half, becoming glabrous on the upper surface except along the midrib and secondary nerves where covered by erect trichomes, glabrous on the lower surface except for the sericeous pubescent midrib and secondary nerves, lateral nerves 13 - 15, convergent and linking close to the margin, petioles 1.5 - 1.7 x c. 2 mm, exalate, covered with dense appressed pubescence. Inflorescence sessile, axillary, bracts obovate-elliptic, 2 - 3 mm long, densely appressed pubescent externally, glabrous internally. Sepals 5, 3 6 mm long, unequal (internal obovate, external elliptic) sericeous externally,

A New Species of Ditassa (Asclepiadaceae) from Espírito Santo, Brazil

Ditassa oberdanii, a new species of Asclepiadaceae from remnant patches of Atlantic rainforest in Espirito Santo state, southeastern Brazil, is described, illustrated, and compared to D. oxyphylla Turczaninow, a similar species that is found in Brazil, Colombia, and Venezuela. A survey of the Asclepiadaceae of Espirito Santo, Brazil, turned up 44 species belonging to 16 genera. The largest genus is Ditassa with 11 species, including D. oberdanii. This species is found in remnant patches of lower montane rainforest in southeastern Brazil, in the Atlantic forest biome which is seriously threatened by human activities. Ditassa oberdanii Fontella & Alvarez, sp. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Espfrito Santo: Santa Teresa, Rio Saltinho, 500 m, 26 Apr. 1984, Pizziolo 22 (holotype, MBML; isotype, HB). Figure 1. Species nova D. oxyphyllae Turczaninow affinis, sed imprimis foliis linear-lanceolatis angustioribus, corollae lobis extus glabris et longioribus, caudiculis non geniculatis, polliniis ellipticis vel subellipticis et latioribus differt. Vines; stems hirsute-tomentose. Leaves with flattened petioles, hirsute above, glabrescent beneath, 7-10 mm long; blade linear-lanceolate, glabrous to glabrescent with secondary nerves rectilinear, base cuneate with two glands at petiole juncture, apex acuminate, 61-69 X 10-13 mm. Inflorescence an umbelliform cyme, extra-axillary, 3-6-flowered; peduncles hirsute-tomentose, 1-2 mm. Flowers white; pedicels hirsute, 2-4 mm long. Calyx deeply lobed; lobes ovate-lanceolate, hirsute outside, glabrous inside, margins hyaline, 2-2.5 X 1-1.5 mm, with 1-2 minute inside glands at base of each sinus; corolla subcampanulate; tube glabrous outside, pubescent inside, 0.8-1.0 mm long; lobes linear-lanceolate, glabrous outside, pubescent inside on upper half at margin, with longer hairs at apex, 4-5 X 1-1.3 mm. Corona lobes filiform, twice the length of the gynostegium, upper part papillose, the outer 3-3.2 X 0.1-0.3 mm, apex slightly curved, the inner 3.5-4 X 0.2-0.3 mm, apex curving inward. Anthers rectangular or subrectangular, ca. 0.75 x 0.57 mm, appendages membranaceous, suborbicular, ca. 0.42 mm long. Corpusculum ovate, 0.20-0.22 x 0.08-0.09 mm; translator arms filiform, 0.06-0.09 mm long; pollinia elliptic or subelliptic, longer than corpusculum, slightly curved, 0.24-0.28 x 0.09-0.17 mm. Stigmatic appendix apiculate. This new species is related to Ditassa oxyphylla Turczaninow, from which it differs mainly by the linear-lanceolate leaves, longer corolla lobes (4-5 mm), which are glabrous outside, straighter translator arms, and wider (0.09-0.17 mm), elliptic to subelliptic pollinia. In contrast, D. oxyphylla has ovate-lanceolate to elliptic leaves, corolla lobes 23 mm long, geniculate translator arms, and oblong to subclavate pollinia (0.06-0.08 mm wide). Ditassa oxyphylla is found in Colombia, Venezuela, and Brazil, where it occurs in Pernambuco, Alagoas, and Bahia states; in Bahia it is found in caatinga, remnant liana forest (Mata de Cip6) and pastures, from 500-600 m above sea level (Pereira & Silva, 1973; Pereira et al., 1989). Ditassa oberdanii is named in honor of Oberdan Jose Pereira, Professor of Botany at the Espirito Santo Federal University (UFES), who has contributed greatly to the study of the flora of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Acknowledgments. We thank the CNPq for Jorge Fontella-Pereira's research fellowship, the curators of R, RB, GUA, MBML, VIES, and CVRD, Dorothy Sue Dunn de Araujo for the translation of the text into English, and Gloria Gongalves for the sketch.

Two New Subspecies of Quararibea yunckeri (Bombacaceae) from Edo. Veracruz, Mexico

Descriptions are given of two new taxa, Quararibea yunckeri subsp. sessiliflora, and Q. yunckeri subsp. veracruzana, with summaries of their distributions. To facilitate the publication of a treatment of Bombacaceae for the Flora of Veracruz (Avedafio Reyes, in prep.), brief descriptions are presented of two new subspecies within the genus Quararibea Aublet (Bombacaceae). The genus (exclusive of the closely related Matisia Humboldt & Bonpland) comprises approximately 30 species of wet and moist forest trees that occur from southern Mexico and the Antilles to southeastern Brazil, northern Bolivia, and Peru (Alverson, 1986). A forthcoming synopsis of Mesoamerican Quararibea will provide keys and additional information for the subspecies discussed here (Alverson, in prep.). Quararibea yunckeri Standley, in Yuncker, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. (Bot.) 9(4): 306-307. 1940. TYPE: Honduras. Depto. Atlintida: river bank, foothills back of La Ceiba, 25 June 1938, Yuncker, Koepper & Wagner 8010 (holotype, F; isotypes, BM, F, GH, LL, MO, S). Quararibea yunckeri Standley subsp. sessiliflora Miranda ex W. S. Alverson, subsp. nov. TYPE: Mexico. Edo. Veracruz: Estaci6n Biol6gica Los Tuxtlas, San Andrds Tuxtla, 120 m alt., 9 Dec. 1969, Martinez C. 2122 (holotype, MEXU; isotypes, ENCB, F, GH, MO, UC). Subspecies haec a Quararibea yunckeri Standley subsp. yunckeri differt foliis acarodomatiis nullis. Tree, (3-)6-15(-20) m tall. Petioles 5-22 mm long. Leaf blades elliptic, 6-18 cm long, 2-7 cm wide, the apex acute to acuminate, the base cuneate to rounded or truncate, nonbarbate beneath. Flowers solitary and opposite the leaves, or more commonly clustered on short, often leafless, axillary shoots, or on other leafless portions of the young branches, the flowering pedicels 2-4 mm long, bearing 3 triangular bracteoles. Calyx 6-10 mm long, ca. 4 mm diam. at mouth, without longitudinal wings or ridges. Corolla actinomorphic, the petals spatulate to narrowly spatulate, reflexed at anthesis, 11-16 mm long and 2-3 mm wide when dry, white when fresh. Staminal column cylindric, 11-17 mm long (including the 5 short teeth at summit), 2-4 mm diam. across middle of lobes when dried. Style fili orm, 12-21 mm long, ca. I mm diam. near apex, exce ing the staminal lobes by 1-2 mm. Fruits ellipsoid, 13-23 mm long and 10-16 mm diam. when mature and dried, bluntly mammilate for 23 mm. Paratypes. MEXICO. Veracruz: Lado SE de Lago Catemaco, arriba de Rio Cuetzalpan, 600 m alt., 25 Oct. 1971, Beaman 5167 (F, GH, MEXU, US); Poblado de Laguna Escondida a 5 km de la estaci6n de biologfa tropical L s Tuxtlas, San Andr~s Tuxtla, 18035'N, 95005'W, 300 m alt., 24 Aug. 1974, Calzada 1456 (ENCB, F, MEXU), 18 Oct. 1974, Calzada 1580 (ENCB, MEXU, NY). Quararibea yunckeri Standley subsp. veracruzana W. S. Alverson, subsp. nov. TYPE: Mexico. Edo. Veracruz: Sta. Ana Atzacan al N de Orizaba, 51-B-2 [sic], a orillas de la poblaci6n, 1360 m alt., 18 Feb. 1967, Rosas R. 190 (holotype, MEXU; isotypes, A, ENCB, LL, MO, UPS). Subspecies haec a Quararibea yunckeri Standley subsp. yunckeri differt pedicellis floriferis longioribus (8-14 mm longis vs. 2-6 mm longis). Small tree, 6-12 m tall. Petioles 5-12 mm long. Leaf blades elliptic, usually slightly asymmetric, 616 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, the apex acute to acuminate to short-caudate, the base cuneate to rounded to truncate and often slightly oblique, very conspicuously barbate beneath. Flowers unknown. Fruiting pedicels (8-)11-14 mm long, bearing 2-3 persistent bracteoles on the basal V. Calyx shallowly cupulate, its margins tearing and broadly spreading away from the base of the fruit when dried, 7-11 mm long, longitudinally subrugose. Fruits ellipsoid to broadly ovate, 15-18 mm long and 13-19 mm diam. when dried, 1or 2-seeded, frequently asymmetric, the apex bluntly mammilate. NovON 8: 127-128. 1998. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.85 on Fri, 18 Nov 2016 04:27:52 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

New Species of Sapranthus B. C. Seemann and Unonopsis R. E. Fries (Annonaceae) from Mesoamerica

Two new species of Annonaceae, Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz and Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz, are described from Mesoamerica. Color photographs of the new species can be accessed over the World Wide Web by searching the name in WZTROPICOS at http://www.mobot.org/ Pick/Search/pick.html. RESUMEN. Se decriben dos especies nuevas de Annonaceae, Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz y Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz, de Mesoambrica. Fotograffas a color de las especies nuevas son accesibles buscando el nombre en las piginas de Internet de WZTROPICOS en la siguiente direcci6n: http://www.mobot.org/Pick/Search/pick.html. In anticipation of the upcoming publication of the Flora de Nicaragua, I provide here names and descriptions for two undescribed species of Annonaceae from Mesoamerica. Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz is the southernmost of seven species in a genus extending from the states of Sinaloa and Veracruz, Mexico, to the province of Los Santos, Panama. In contrast to the other species of Sapranthus B. C. Seemann, which occur in seasonally dry deciduous forest and possess membranaceous reddish to deep purple petals with evident venation, S. viridflorus occurs in moist to wet evergreen forest and exhibits thick, fleshy green petals lacking venation at maturity. Unonopsis R. E. Fries is a genus of ca. 40 species distributed from Belize to Bolivia in wet, evergreen forest, with 6 species currently known from Mesoamerica, and an additional 4-5 new species awaiting description. Although not yet known from Nicaragua, Unonopsis stevensii G. E. Schatz is to be expected in the southeastern region of the country along the Rio San Juan just to the north of Cerro Coronel and Barra del Colorado in Costa Rica, the sole locality for the new species. Sapranthus viridiflorus G. E. Schatz, sp. nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. Heredia: La Selva Biological Station of the Organization for Tropical Studies, 4 km S of Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, 10026'N, 84001'W, 35 m, 15 Feb. 1984 (fl), G. E. Schatz 963 (holotype, MO; isotypes, CR, WIS). Figures 1, 2, and http://hoya.mobot.org/ mobot/research/image/01602308O001.jpg, http: //hoya. mobot. org/mobot/research/image/ 01602308002.jpg A speciebus aliis Sapranthi petalis enervibus carnosis viridibus et carpellis 2-5 differt. Tree to 12 m tall, the young branches brownish gray tomentose. Leaves membranaceous, the petiole 0.4-1.0 cm long, shallowly canaliculate, brownish gray tomentose; lamina elliptic to oblong-obovate, 5.6-29.8 cm long, 2.7-12.1 cm broad, the base cuneate to rounded and somewhat truncate, the apex acuminate to cuspidate, the upper lamina surface sparsely white velutinous, the lower surface white velutinous, the margins finely ciliate; venation weakly brochidodromous with 8-15 lateral veins per side, the midrib slightly impressed and densely white velutinous above, especially toward the base, prominently elevated and short white hirsute below, drying purplish black, the slender lateral veins elevated and short white hirsute below. Flowers solitary, pendent, terminal but appearing leaf-opposed (or rarely cauliflorous and borne on older wood), with a fruity fragranice, albeit with a slightly fetid component; pedicel 1.0-1.7 cm long, sparsely tomentellous, bearing a lanceolate-ovate to rounded bract near the base to 0.8 cm from the base, 0.50.9 cm long, 0.3-0.5 cm broad, the apex acute to obtuse, the base decurrent along the pedicel, the margins revolute. Sepals triangular, 0.7-0.8 cm long, 0.5-0.7 cm broad, the apex acute, slightly reflexed, the base truncate, tomentellous outside. Petals 6, in 2 subequal imbricate whorls, membranaceous and with venation evident in bud, becoming fleshy and lacking any evident venation at anthesis when fresh, revealing faint venation when NovoN 8: 436-440. 1998. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.128 on Wed, 07 Sep 2016 05:04:21 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 8, Number 4 Schatz 437 1998 New Species of Annonaceae ,,? ?r:: ~ r. r r??

Betula Nana L. and Betula Glandulosa Michx.

Betula nana. A prostrate shrub up to 1 m in height. Twigs stiff, dull dark brown, pubescent, not warty. Young twigs are covered with resin spots. Leaves orbicular or obovate-orbicular, deeply and regularly crenate all around, rounded at both ends and glabrous (or with a few glands) at maturity. Leaves dark green above and paler beneath with a petiole up to 3 mm. Subspecies exilis (Suk.) Hult. has shorter leaf blades (0.5-1 cm long) than ssp. nana (0.5-2.0 cm). Bracts lack a resiniferous hump on the back, and possess a cuneate base and three parallel (almost equal) narrow lobes at the apex. Male inflorescence is about 0.8 cm long; erect when young and protected by bud scales. Female inflorescence is 0. 5-1.0 cm in fruit; scales with cuneate base and three more or less equal narrow erect lobes at the apex. Nutlet wings very narrow: up to a quarter as broad as the body (although recorded as up to half as broad as the body in Alaska-Hulten 1968).

Additional Notes on the Scrophulariaceae of China

Two species, Pterygiella suffruticosa Hong and Scrophularia lhasaensis Hong, and one subspecies, S. chasmophila W. W. Smith subsp. xizangensis Hong, are described as new from southwestern China. In addition, four new combinations are proposed in the genera Triphysaria and Mazus: T chinensis (Hong) Hong, M. pumilus (Burman f.) van Steenis var. wangii (Li) Chin, Mazus pumilus (Burman f.) van Steenis var. delavayi (Bonati) Chin, and Mazus pumilus (Burman f.) van Steenis var. macrocalyx (Bonati) Chin. The following new taxa and combinations are proposed to make the names available for the forthcoming account of the Scrophulariaceae in volume 18 of the Flora of China. Pterygiella suffruticosa Hong, sp. nov. TYPE: China. SW Sichuan: Muli, Ninglang, Chongtianhe, 2000 m, 27 Sep. 1983, Qinghai-Xizang Expedition 14400 (holotype, PE; isotype, PE). Figure 1. A ceteris speciebus differt habitu fruticoso et caulibus teretibus. Shrubs, ca. 1 m tall. Stems terete, gray, 5-7 mm thick; shoots densely pilose. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear-elliptic, 3-5 x 0.3-1 cm, densely puberulent on both surfaces, base cuneate, margin entire, apex acute. Spikes terminal; lower bracts similar to upper leaves in shape and size, gradually decreasing in size upward. Pedicels up to 3 mm long, pilose. Calyx 1.3-1.5 cm long, puberulent, cleft to middle, slightly 2-lipped; lobes subulatedeltoid. Corolla yellow or pale pink, 1.4-1.6 cm long; upper lip galeate, entire; lower lip 3-lobed, middle lobe acute, lateral ones rounded, lanose in 2 vertical patches. Pistil hairy; ovary ellipsoid; style ca. 8 mm long. Pterygiella Oliver, which is endemic to China, consists of five species, all of which are annuals, though P bartschioides Handel-Mazzetti is also a biennial. This new species, P suffruticosa, is readily distinguished from all by its shrubby habit. Paratypes. CHINA. Yunnan: E of Lijiang, banks of the Yangtze River, Rock 10469 (A); Mengtze, in ravine, 1400 m, Henry 9141 (A). Scrophularia lhasaensis Hong, sp. nov. TYPE: China. Xizang (Tibet): Lhasa, hills W of Lhasa and beyond Trisum, 4500 m, on rocks, 1 Sep. 1942, F Ludlow & G. Sherriff 9053 (holotype, A). Scrophulariae chasmophilae W W Smith affinis, sed a qua foliis majoribus, 1.7-4.5 cm longis, 1-2.7 cm latis, integris, corolla minore, ca. 10.5 mm longa, lobis postici labii angustis, 2 mm latis, non imbricatis. Caespitose perennials, less than 15 cm tall, glandular with multicellular hairs throughout except for corolla, stamens, and pistil. Rhizomes ca. 9 mm thick. Stems several, with 1 or 2 pairs of scaly leaves in lower part, branched in upper part. Leaves opposite; petiole 2-3 mm long or upper leaves sessile; leaf blade ovate to ovate-orbicular, 1.7-4.5 x 1-2.7 cm, base rounded or nearly truncate, margin entire or rarely scarcely serrate, apex obtuse or acute. Cymes 2, terminal, forming an inflorescence of 4 flowers; peduncle ca. 1.2 cm long; bracts linear. Pedicel 2-3 mm long. Calyx ca. 5 mm long, glandular-pilose, cleft nearly to base; lobes linear-oblong, obtuse at apex, ca. 1.8 mm wide. Corolla greenish yellow, ca. 10.5 mm long, urceolate, glabrous on both sides; upper lip ca. 3.8 mm long, ca. 2.3 mm longer than lower lip; lobes ca. 2 mm wide, not overlapping; lower lip ca. 2 mm long. Stamens slightly exceeding corolla tube in height, glabrous; staminode clavate. Pistil including the style ca. 8.5 mm long, glabrous, ovary gradually attenuate at apex into style. Scrophularia lhasaensis is most closely related to S. chasmophila W. W. Smith and S. przewalskii Batal. From these, it differs in having larger leaves 1.7-4.5 cm long and 1-2.7 cm wide, entire or subentire leaf margins, smaller corollas ca. 10.5 mm long, and narrower (ca. 2 mm), nonoverlapping lobes of upper corolla lips. NovoN 6: 372-374. 1996. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.129 on Mon, 27 Jun 2016 05:34:17 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 6, Number 4 Hong 373 1996 Scrophulariaceae of China

New Species of Gibsoniothamnus (Bignoniaceae: Schlegelieae)

Three new species of Gibsoniothamnus L. O. Williams, G. grandiflorus, G. stellatus, and G. versicolor, are described as new. Gibsoniothamnus L. O. Williams is a genus of about 14 species of epiphytic shrubs, variously classified in the Bignoniaceae or Scrophulariaceae. This unusual group of Central American epiphytes is most closely related to the neotropical genus Schlegelia Miquel, currently classified in the Bignoniaceae tribe Schlegelieae. Undescribed species have been filed with both Scrophulariaceae and Bignoniaceae, so a collaborative project was begun to identify and describe the new species. Collaborative work was cut short by the untimely death of Al Gentry. The following species were discovered during the study. Gibsoniothamnus grandiflorus A. Gentry & Barringer, sp. nov. TYPE: Panama. Veraguas: ridge of Cordillera de Tute along trail to Cerro Tute, ca. 3-4 km past Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, just W of Santa Fe, 8032'N, 81007'W, 20 Mar. 1982, Knapp & Kress 4389 (holotype, MO; isotype, PMA). Figure 1. Species floribus grandis, a Gibsoniothamno truncato lobis calyce triangulatis longe acuminatis, pedicellis longioribus differt. Epiphytic shrub to 3 m tall; bark gray-brown; stems angled, glabrous, to 5 mm diam., with raised leaf bases at the nodes. Leaves opposite, subequal to equal across the node; petioles 5-14 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; blade ovate to obovate or lanceolate, 6.5-14.5 cm long, 3.0-6.2 cm wide, coriaceous, glabrous, shiny above, the base cuneate, the apex acuminate, secondary veins 3 or 4 per side, impressed above, prominent below, glandular pits in fields between the veins below, pocket domatia occasionally present in the axils of the midvein and secondary veins toward the base of the blade. Flowers in congested, axillary panicles; primary peduncle to 1.5 cm long; bracts narrowly triangulate, 3-5 mm long, pubescent; the secondary peduncles to 7 mm long; bracteoles to 3 mm long, ovate, acuminate; pedicels 2.5-3.5 cm long, thicker above; calyx funnelform, the tube 5-9 mm long, red to red-purple, the lobes narrowly triangulate, unequal, 7-13 mm long, long-acuminate, glabrous to minutely ciliate; corolla cylindric, slightly ampliate above, 3.5-4.0 cm long, 6-7 mm diam., reddish pink to red, fleshy, the upper lobes rounded, 3-4 mm long and wide, the lateral lobes rounded to ligulate, 4-5 mm long, 4 mm wide, the median lobe ligulate, 4-6 mm long, 3-4 mm wide; stamens attached 6-9 mm from the base of the corolla tube, filaments 20-26 mm long, glabrous; staminode 1020 mm long, filiform, the apex clavate; pistil glabrous, the ovary globose to oblate, 2-3 mm diam., the style 30 mm long, the stigma slightly bilobed. Berry globose, 8-10 mm diam., green. This species is most easily distinguished by its large, slightly ampliate flowers. It appears to be most closely related to Gibsoniothamnus truncatus and G. latidentatus. It differs from G. truncatus by its larger, ampliate corollas, pedicels more than 2 cm long, and narrowly triangulate calyx lobes. It differs from G. latidentatus by its corollas more than 3 cm long, reddish calyx, short staminode, and calyx lobes 7-13 mm long. This species has an interesting disjunct distribution: the plants from Panama, collected along the El Llano-Carti road, have narrower, more acuminate leaves than those from Cocle, mostly collected on Cerro Tute. Paratypes. PANAMA. Cocle: vicinity of Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, 3200-3400 ft., 3 Apr. 1980, Antonio 3961 (MO); about 16 km NW of Santa Fe on descent to Rio Caloveborita, 650 m, 4 Sep. 1975, Dressler 5142 (MO); near third branch of Rio Santa Maria, 10-14 km NW of Santa Fe, 650-750 m, 10-11 Oct. 1975, Dressler 5171 (MO); shoulder of Cerro Tute, 25 May 1977, Folsom & Edwards 3345 (MO); ridge of Cerro Tute, along trail to Cerro Tute, 3-4 km past Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, 8?32'N, 81?07'W, 800-1400 m, 20 Mar. 1982, Knapp & Kress 4363 (MO); Cerro Tute, E slopes, 1 km beyond Escuela Agricola Alto Piedra NovoN 5:120-124. 1995. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.164 on Sun, 26 Jun 2016 06:32:05 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 5, Number 2 Barringer & Gentry 121 1995 New Species of Gibsoniothamnus

A New Species of Campyloneurum (Polypodiaceae) from Northwestern Ecuador

Campyloneurum oellgaardii is newly described from a humid western premontane Andean forest of Ecuador. It appears to belong to the sphenodes group, which is characterized by undivided primary areoles and long petiolate leaves, and which includes C. coarctatum, C. inflatum, C. sphenodes, and C. sublucidum. During a study of the fern genus Campyloneurum C. Presl, a distinctive new species was recognized and is described below. Campyloneurum oellgaardii B. Le6n, sp. nov. TYPE: Ecuador. Carchi: drainage of Cerro Golondrinas mountains, 0052'N, 78007'W, 21 Dec. 1987, Hoover 2211 (holotype, MO; isotype, QCA). Figure 1. Species C. inflato proxima, a qua rhizomate longe repenti, 6 mm crasso, atrofusco, dense paleaceo, squamis adpressis, brunneolis, foliis ampliori lanceolatis, 147 cm longis, 22 cm latis differt. Epiphyte; stem long-creeping, black, not pruinose, 6 mm wide. Stem scales lax, light brown in mass, ovate, 3-4 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide, bases auriculate, apices obtuse, margins entire with scattered hairs, slightly clathrate, the cells oblong or broadly oblong, cell walls 6-9 ;tm wide, several central cells with dark brown walls, walls of marginal cells yellowish or brownish, cell lumina transparent. Phyllopodia 4-5 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, 1-15 cm distant. Leaves pendulous (?), 147 cm long, petiole 55 cm long, shiny dark stramineous; laminas lanceolate, 22 cm wide, herbaceous-chartaceous, base cuneate, apex long-acuminate, margins cartilaginous, sinuate, leaves with inconspicuous bicellular glandular hairs scattered abaxially; stomata polocytic or rarely copolocytic; costa prominent, slightly angular abaxially; primary veins prominent, 750 divergent from the costa, straight, lighter in color than the adjacent tissue, 7-9 mm distant; secondary veins slightly prominulous on both sides of the lamina, transverse secondary veins forming 19-21 primary areoles between the costa and margin; primary areoles undivided, with 2(-3) excurrent free veinlets, the marginal ones sometimes divided with (0)-1 veinlet. Sori subapical on the excurrent veinlet; paraphyses and spores not seen. Campyloneurum oellgaardii is known only from the type material, collected in northwestern Ecuador, at 1200 m elevation in a perhumid premontane forest. This locality borders on what Dodson & Gentry (1991) considered an extension of the Choc6 pluvial forest. The specimen was found growing as an epiphyte several meters above the ground. Based on the curvature of the petiole (Fig. la), the leaves are probably pendently arched. Campyloneurum oellgaardii is characterized by well-spaced and extraordinarily large leaves, more than 1 m long, in addition to its undivided primary non-costal areoles. Because of its habit, leaf morphology, and pattern of venation this species fits within the sphenodes group of Le6n (1992). Besides this new species, the sphenodes group consists of C. chrysopodum (Klotzsch) Fee, C. coarctatum (Kunze) Fee, C. falcoideum (Kuhn ex Hieronymus) M. Meyer ex Lellinger, C. inflatum M. Meyer ex Lellinger, C. sphenodes (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Fee, and C. sublucidum (Christ) Ching. Campyloneurum oellgaardii differs from the other species of the group in having a larger stem diameter (6 mm vs. 2-3 mm), obtuse stem scales, and longer (more than 100 cm vs. (17-)30-70(-85) cm) and broader (20 cm vs. (2-)3-6(-10) cm) leaves. Most species of Campyloneurum have leaves less than 1 m long. Leaves longer than this are otherwise found only in: (1) those species with entire leaves, short-creeping stems and phyllitidis-, brevifoliumvenation (phyllitidis-, latum-venation of Lellinger, 1988) such as C. abruptum (Lindman) B. Leon, C. 'Present addresses: Department of Geography, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21228, U.S.A. and Department of Botany, NHB166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A. NovoN 5: 42-44. 1995. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.212 on Wed, 08 Jun 2016 05:23:40 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Volume 5, Number 1 Le6n 43 1995 Campyloneurum oellgaardii

Impatiens kulamavuensis, a New Species of Balsaminaceae from India

Impatiens kulamavuensis, a distinct new species from India allied to I. parasitica Beddome, is described. Impatiens kulamavuensis A. G. Pandurangan & V. J. Nair, sp. nov. TYPE: India. Kerala: Idukki Dist., Meenmutty-Kulamavu, + 700 m, 6 Oct. 1983, A. G. Pandurangan 82037 (holotype, CAL; isotype, MH). Figure 1. Ab Impatiente parasitica Beddome caulibus stoloniferis, foliis glandulosis, nervis lateralibus non manifestis; sepalis lateralibus et petalis pilosis; stigmatibus curvatis, sericeo-pubescentibus et seminibus pyriformibus differt. Epiphytic stoloniferous herbs; stems short, stout, fleshy, less than 1 cm long. Leaves alternate; petioles gland-dotted, 2-7 mm long, with 2 prominent stipitate glands near the base of the blade; lamina ovatelanceolate, 2-5.5 x 1.5-2.5 cm, membranous, gland-dotted above, glabrous below, deep green, the base cuneate, the apex acuminate, margins entire to obscurely crenulate-serrate, crenules 2-4 mm apart; lateral veins 4-6 pairs, indistinct. Inflorescence a 1-3-flowered raceme; peduncles 2.5-5 cm long; pedicels 3.5-5 cm long. Flowers greenish yellow. Lateral sepals linear, 8-10 x 2-3 mm, hairy outside, glabrous inside. Lower sepal saccate, compressed, 12-15 x 5-7 mm, glabrous; spurs strongly curved, 7-8 x 3-5 mm, tip obtuse. Dorsal petal erect, orbicular to ovate, 6-7 x 8-9 mm, hairy at base. Lateral petals united close to the base, 3-lobed, upper lobes smaller in size, 7-8 x 9-10 mm. Androecium 3-3.5 mm long. Ovary ellipsoid, glabrous, 5-6 x 3-3.5 mm; ovules many, 1-seriate; style short; stigma curved, with an obtuse tip, silky pubescent. Capsules ellipsoid, 10-12 x 4-5 mm, glabrous. Seeds pear-shaped, smooth. Flowering and fruiting October-December. Distribution. Endemic to Meenmutty-Kulamavu, Idukki Dist., Kerala, India. TABLE 1. Comparison of major differences between Impatiens parasitica Beddome and Impatiens kulamavuensis A. G. Pandurangan & V. J. Nair. I. parasitica I. kulamavuensis Stems 10-12 cm long, not stoloniferous, moniliform Leaves glabrous on both surfaces or glabrescent above; lateral nerves prominent Lateral sepals glabrous outside, glandular inside at base Petals glanduliferous inside at base Stigmas straight; stigmatic lobes 5-toothed, not pubescent Seeds rounded to ellipsoid Stems less than 1 cm long, stoloniferous, not moniliform Leaves glanduliferous above, glabrous beneath; lateral nerves indistinct Lateral sepals hairy outside, glabrous inside Petals hairy inside at base Stigmas curved; lobes not 5-toothed, obtuse, silky pubescent Seeds pear-shaped Habitat and ecology. Epiphytic herbs, growing on moss-clad tree trunks at an altitude of 600-700 m. The host trees are Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxburgh and Pygium wightiana Blume. Impatiens kulamavuensis was collected in the Idukki hydroelectric project area, Kerala. It is allied to I. parasitica Beddome, but differs in the characters listed in Table 1. Paratype. INDIA. Kerala: Idukki dist., Meenmutty, ? 600 m, 30 Dec. 1983, A. G. Pandurangan 62585 (MH). Acknowledgments. We thank N. P. Balakrishnan, Joint Director, and N. C. Nair, former Joint Director, Botanical Survey of India, for help and encouragement. NovoN 5: 57-58. 1995. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.146 on Tue, 23 Aug 2016 04:00:34 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Notes on Cybianthus Subgenus Cybianthus (Myrsinaceae) in Southeastern Brazil

Cybianthus rupestris, a new species from the Planalto of Brazil, is described and illustrated, and its phylogenetic relationships are discussed. Cybianthus glaziovii Mez is placed in synonymy with C. coriaceus Martius; the former binomial is lectotypified, the latter is neotypified, and a complete description is provided for the taxon. The neotropical genus Cybianthus Martius contains approximately 160 species in 10 subgenera (Pipoly, 1987). Cybianthus subg. Cybianthus contains 55 species, distributed across the Amazon Basin, the Guayana Floristic Province (sensu Maguire, 1979), the Guianas, and central and southeastern Brazil. Members of the Grammadenia-Cybianthus-Cybianthopsis clade (Pipoly, 1987) possess basifixed anthers with terminal pores, or with pores that open terminally, then for a short length down each side of the thecae. However, all species of subgenus Cybianthus may at once be recognized by the apparently epipetalous stamens, of which the tube is developmentally fused, or entirely adnate to, the corolla tube; the apically free portions of the filaments range from 1 mm to obsolete. Members of the subgenus are only locally common. My field observations indicate that the number of individuals per population is very low, usually less than 20 individuals per hectare in primary forest. I have seen precocious flowering and architectural reiteration phenomena (sensu Pipoly, 1992), along with sexual variation, in every population thus far observed. The sexual variation observed consists of monoecy, dioecy, and often polygamy in different populations of the same species. Like the majority of Cybianthus species, the flowers are perfect, but functionally unisexual. Historically, the group's systematic biology has been poorly understood owing to a lack of study in population dynamics. In preparation for a treatment of the Myrsinaceae for the Flora da Serra do Cipo, located in Minas Gerais, a remarkable new species was found from the nearby Chapada dos Veadeiros, state of Goias, and is described herewith. Cybianthus rupestris Pipoly, sp. nov. TYPE: Brazil. Goias: Chapada dos Veadeiros, 14?00'S, 47?00'W, ca. 20 km W of Veadeiros [Alto Paraiso], 1,000 m, 10 Feb. 1966 (stam. fl), H. S. Irwin et al. 12841 (holotype, UB; isotypes, LL-TEX, NY). Figure 1. Propter ramulos dense stellato-tomentosos, laminam coriaceam revolutamque, corollae lobos suborbiculares dense prominenteque atro punctatos, C. coriaceo valde affinis, sed ab ea petiolis marginatis (non canaliculatis) 0.7-1 (nec 1.5-3) cm longis, perianthio membranaceo (non chartaceo), calyce inequilater (non equilater) diviso, lobis corollinis subapicale incisuris (non integerrimis) secus margines, glandulari-fimbriatos (nec glandulari-granulosos), antheris glabris (non minute glandulari-papillatis), denique stigmate capitato (non 4-lobato) praeclare distat. Shrub to small tree to 2 m tall, stems to 3 cm diam.; branchlets terete, 3.5-5 mm diam., densely ferrugineous floccose-tomentose, the tomentum composed of stiff, arachnoid-stellate trichomes. Leaves coriaceous, the blades linear-oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, (4-)4.5-9 cm long, 0.8-1.9 cm wide, apex acute, base cuneate, nitid and essentially glabrous above, pallid and densely ferrugineous floccose-tomentose below along the midrib and margin, glabrescent, midrib impressed above, prominently raised below, secondary veins 10-15 pairs, the margin tightly inrolled-revolute, entire; petioles marginate, 0.7-1 cm long, basally pulvinate, glabrous above, densely tomentose below, glabrescent. Staminate infiorescence: a simple, erect raceme, 5-7.5(-8) cm long, the peduncle, rachis and pedicels densely tomentose; peduncle 0.8-1 cm long; floral bracts linear-lanceolate, 1.4-1.8 mm l ng, apex attenuate, densely tomentose above and below, the margin erose, long glandular-ciliate; pedicels cylindrical, thin, 2.8-4.6 mm long. Flowers nodding, 2.6-2.9 mm long, dull yellow-green; calyx membranaceous, cotyliform, 1.2-1.6 mm long, the tube 0.2-0.4 mm long, unequally divided, the lobes suborbicular, 0.7-0.9 mm long, 0.7-1.1 mm wide, apically rounded, hyaline, densely and prominently black punctate-lineate, the margin erose, mostly subapically notched, densely glandular-ciliate, the cilia NOVON 3: 459-462. 1993. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.35 on Mon, 29 Aug 2016 05:02:13 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms