Cumulative Index To Nursing & Allied Health Literature Research Articles

Workloads of intensive care nurses. Validity of their estimation using mobile applications and comparison with Nursing Activities Score. Systematised review of the literature

IntroductionAdjusting human resources to intensive care units (ICU) workload is essential. The development of software for estimating nursing workload using mobile devices (smartphone, smartwatch and/or tablets) could be a useful tool and complement and/or improve the measurements made with the Nursing Activities Score (NAS), a validated scale. ObjectivesTo analyze the validity of devices and mobile applications for estimating ICU nurses' workloads and their comparison with NAS. MethodologySystematised literature review from 2009 to 2021 informed by flowchart PRISMA-2020 and its extension PRISMA-S. Critical reading (CASPe). Steps:elaboration of the research question, concept identification (English and Spanish natural language and descriptors MesH, Emtree and CINAHL Headings), search strategy and data collection in MEDlars online (MEDLINE), OVID, Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE), Elsevier, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EBSCO and Web of Science (WoS); data extraction and evaluation, analysis and synthesis of results. We included studies with abstracts published in English and Spanish conducted in ICU with workload measurement (preferably NAS) using mobile devices. Results223 studies of which 84 in MEDLINE, 50 in CINAHL, 48 in EMBASE, 33 in WOS and 8 in other sources. 117 were eligible for screening, of which 95 did not meet the inclusion criteria. 22 studies were screened for eligibility, of which 17 were excluded. Five articles were selected for final review. None of the studies provided results on costs, acceptance testing, validity, reliability, system problems, advantages, disadvantages or resource estimation. Discussion and conclusionsThe use of mobile devices and applications to measure ICU workloads is not yet validated and has not been shown to be more accurate than traditional NAS assessment.

Dose-response relationship between acupuncture time parameters and the effects on chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review and Bayesian model-based network meta-analysis protocol

IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is a major global public health problem and the majority (nearly 90%) of patients with LBP suffer from non-specific LBP (NSLBP). Acupuncture has been widely used...

The burdens faced by parents of preschoolers with type 1 diabetes mellitus: an integrative review.

This study examined the literature concerning the burdens of parents of preschool-aged children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. We employed an integrative review methodology based on Whittemore and Knafl's framework. The literature search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines across four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, the Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and PsycINFO. Ultimately, 18 articles were included in the review. The review yielded four themes: (1) parental burdens, (2) factors related to the burdens, (3) coping strategies, and (4) implications for clinical practice. Parents experienced psychological, physical, and social burdens due to the diabetes care of their children. Several factors influenced burdens, including child-related characteristics such as age, severity of diabetes, and hospitalization experience, as well as parental factors like family income, race, and residential area. Parents initially felt burdened when their child was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, but over time, they often adapted to the situation through support and sharing of responsibilities. Parents desired education and interventions reflecting the unique characteristics of preschoolers. This integrative literature review revealed that parents experience numerous burdens when their child is diagnosed with diabetes. Future research should focus on developing interventions to address parents' psychological difficulties, including tracking parental psychological changes over time. Tailored nursing interventions should also be provided to parents of preschool-aged children, as opposed to the more generic nursing interventions traditionally applied across all age groups of children in clinical settings.

The effect of standalone audio-visual feedback devices on the quality of chest compressions during laypersons' cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Individual studies that investigated the effect of standalone audio-visual feedback (AVF) devices during laypersons' cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training have yielded conflicting results. This review aimed to evaluate the effect of standalone AVF devices on the quality of chest compressions during laypersons' CPR training. Randomized controlled trials of simulation studies recruiting participants without actual patient CPR experience were included. The intervention evaluated was the quality of chest compressions with standalone AVF devices vs. without AVF devices. Databases, such as PubMed, Cochrane Central, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and PsycINFO, were searched from January 2010 to January 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. A meta-analysis alongside a narrative synthesis was used for examining the effect of standalone AVF devices.Sixteen studies were selected for this systematic review. A meta-analysis revealed an increased compression depth of 2.22 mm [95% CI (Confidence Interval), 0.88-3.55, P = 0.001] when participants performed CPR using the feedback devices. Besides, AVF devices enabled laypersons to deliver compression rates closer to the recommended range of 100-120 per min. No improvement was noted in chest recoil and hand positioning when participants used standalone AVF devices. The quality of the included studies was variable, and different standalone AVF devices were used. Standalone AVF devices were instrumental in guiding laypersons to deliver deeper compressions without compromising the quality of compression rates. However, the devices did not improve the quality of chest recoil and placement of the hands. PROSPERO: CRD42020205754.

Celebrating the 70th Anniversary of The Journal of Nursing

The Journal of Nursing (JN) was first published in Taiwan seventy years ago in 1953 under its former name, Nursing Quarterly. The first issue of JN under its current name was published in 1961. JN mainly publishes academic papers. Despite the vicissitudes of history, the Taiwan Nurses Association (TWNA) remained true to its mission of serving its members, and resumed publication of JN after relocating to Taiwan from China after 1949. JN articles published over the past seven decades have focused on promoting professional competence, advocating clinical practice, advancing nursing education, introducing new concepts of administrative reform, and disseminating research findings and clinical case reports with goals of promoting nurses' understanding of nursing professional theory, cultivating critical thinking and creativity, helping nurses acquire and accumulate knowledge and skills in scientific language, and solving problems encountered in clinical care and education. In addition, in response to advances in medical care and the COVID-19 pandemic, the content of JN published in 2020 highlighted the current pandemic situation in special articles, research, and case reports to provide readers with knowledge about related care and research results. Through the publication of journal papers, we are promoting more interactions and inspiring more sparks of insight. JN is valued by readers around the world because the contributions and support of its many authors have allowed the journal to grow and thrive. At the same time, I would also like to thank the editor of each topic for their enthusiasm and enthusiastic welcoming of manuscript contributions and all Review Committee members for their careful review of manuscripts and tireless modification and review of articles, so as to provide readers with reliable reference resources. Therefore, the quality of the content published in JN has been recognized globally, and has been successively indexed in the globally recognized databases, including MEDLINE/PubMed (indexed from 2004), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature; indexed from 1996), EBSCO Publishing (indexed from 2002), Scopus (indexed from 2004), ProQuest (indexed from 2012), and Airiti Library (indexed from 2004). Moreover, JN has been a RIHSS-accredited tier three journal since 2019. In addition, JN has won awards for five consecutive years since 2017. The excellent content quality of JN has made it an important source of knowledge dissemination and influence in domestic academic circles. Since becoming Editor-in-Chief of JN, I have read many contributors' articles and feel regularly grateful to the authors for their submissions, whether their articles are accepted for publication or not. With the efforts of previous Editors-in-Chief and Editorial Committee members, JN has continuously adjusted its mode of operations to meet social changes and has gradually established a comprehensive process for submission, review and publication. In recognition of JN's 70th anniversary in publication, we look forward to continued, sustainable development of the journal and of service for our global readership. We look forward for JN to do even more in the coming decade and beyond!

East asian herbal medicine for the treatment of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental illness that can place a significant burden on individuals, their families, and society. East Asian Herbal Medicine (EAHM) has long been used in East Asian nations to treat mental illness in children. Nevertheless, the evidence for the effectiveness of EAHM for the treatment of ADHD is insufficient. A systematic review was performed to examine the effectiveness and safety. In addition, research on core herbal combinations was also conducted to help clinicians in their prescription selection. Materials and methodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis were prepared according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The following databases were searched: 4 English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE), 4 Korean databases (Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Service System (RISS), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Korea Citation Index (KCI)), 2 Chinese databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wanfang Data), and 1 Japanese database (CiNii) database. The publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots. GRADE pro was used to evaluate the evidence of the study. The core herb combination of EAHM used in this study was revealed using apriori algorithm-based association rule mining. ResultsThis review assessed 42 studies that evaluated 3484 children and adolescents. In meta-analysis, EAHM monotherapy had a similar clinical efficacy rate to conventional medicine (CM) (n = 2166; random effects RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.13; heterogeneity χ2= 25.08, df = 23, p = 0.35, I2=8%). EAHM-combined therapy showed a better clinical efficacy rate than when conventional therapy was used alone (n = 746; fixed effects RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.26; heterogeneity χ2= 11.80, df = 9, p = 0.22, I2=24%). For adverse events, EAHM had a lower incidence than conventional therapy. In GRADE pro, each outcome varied from moderate to very low quality. The constituents of the herb combinations with consistent association rules were Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, Polygalae Radix, and Acori Graminei Rhizoma. ConclusionEAHM monotherapy has similar effects to CM but with fewer side effects. Hence, it will be helpful for children with ADHD suffering from the side effects of CM. EAHM-combined therapy has a better effect than conventional therapy. Accordingly, it will be useful for children with ADHD who do not respond to treatment with conventional therapy. Nevertheless, more well-designed studies will be needed to confirm this in the future.

PROTOCOL: Barriers and facilitators to stakeholder engagement in health guideline development: A qualitative evidence synthesis.

There is a need for the development of comprehensive, global, evidence-based guidance for stakeholder engagement in guideline development. Stakeholders are any individual or group who is responsible for or affected by health- and healthcare-related decisions. This includes patients, the public, providers of health care and policymakers for example. As part of the guidance development process, Multi-Stakeholder Engagement (MuSE) Consortium set out to conduct four concurrent systematic reviews to summarise the evidence on: (1) existing guidance for stakeholder engagement in guideline development, (2) barriers and facilitators to stakeholder engagement in guideline development, (3) managing conflicts of interest in stakeholder engagement in guideline development and (4) measuring the impact of stakeholder engagement in guideline development. This protocol addresses the second systematic review in the series. The objective of this review is to identify and synthesise the existing evidence on barriers and facilitators to stakeholder engagement in health guideline development. We will address this objective through two research questions: (1) What are the barriers to multi-stakeholder engagement in health guideline development across any of the 18 steps of the GIN-McMaster checklist? (2) What are the facilitators to multi-stakeholder engagement in health guideline development across any of the 18 steps of the GIN-McMaster checklist? A comprehensive search strategy will be developed and peer-reviewed in consultation with a medical librarian. We will search the following databases: MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Sociological Abstracts. To identify grey literature, we will search the websites of agencies who actively engage stakeholder groups such as the AHRQ, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research (SPOR), INVOLVE, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the PCORI. We will also search the websites of guideline-producing agencies, such as the American Academy of Pediatrics, Australia's National Health Medical Research Council (NHMRC) and the WHO. We will invite members of the team to suggest grey literature sources and we plan to broaden the search by soliciting suggestions via social media, such as Twitter. We will include empirical qualitative and mixed-method primary research studies which qualitatively report on the barriers or facilitators to stakeholder engagement in health guideline development. The population of interest is stakeholders in health guideline development. Building on previous work, we have identified 13 types of stakeholders whose input can enhance the relevance and uptake of guidelines: Patients, caregivers and patient advocates; Public; Providers of health care; Payers of health services; Payers of research; Policy makers; Program managers; Product makers; Purchasers; Principal investigators and their research teams; and Peer-review editors/publishers. Eligible studies must describe stakeholder engagement at any of the following steps of the GIN-McMaster Checklist for Guideline Development. All identified citations from electronic databases will be imported into Covidence software for screening and selection. Documents identified through our grey literature search will be managed and screened using an Excel spreadsheet. A two-part study selection process will be used for all identified citations: (1) a title and abstract review and (2) full-text review. At each stage, teams of two review authors will independently assess all potential studies in duplicate using a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be extracted by two review authors independently and in duplicate according to a standardised data extraction form. The results of this review will be used to inform the development of guidance for multi-stakeholder engagement in guideline development and implementation. This guidance will be official GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) Working Group guidance. The GRADE system is internationally recognised as a standard for guideline development. The findings of this review will assist organisations who develop healthcare, public health and health policy guidelines, such as the World Health Organization, to involve multiple stakeholders in the guideline development process to ensure the development of relevant, high quality and transparent guidelines.

General practitioners’ attitudes towards opioids for non-cancer pain: a qualitative systematic review

ObjectivesWorldwide the use of opioids, both doctor-prescribed and illicit, has increased. In most countries, opioids are first prescribed by general practitioners (GPs). Identifying factors that influence GPs’ opioid prescription decision-making...

Information and communication technology-based interventions for suicide prevention implemented in clinical settings: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionThere is a surplus of information and communication technology (ICT)-based interventions for suicide prevention. However, it is unclear which of these ICT-based interventions for suicide prevention have been implemented in...

Providing trial results to participants in phase III pragmatic effectiveness RCTs: a scoping review

BackgroundThere is an ethical imperative to offer the results of trials to those who participated. Existing research highlights that less than a third of trials do so, despite the desire of participants to receive the results of the trials they participated in. This scoping review aimed to identify, collate, and describe the available evidence relating to any aspect of disseminating trial results to participants.MethodsA scoping review was conducted employing a search of key databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) from January 2008 to August 2019) to identify studies that had explored any aspect of disseminating results to trial participants. The search strategy was based on that of a linked existing review. The evidence identified describes the characteristics of included studies using narrative description informed by analysis of relevant data using descriptive statistics.ResultsThirty-three eligible studies, including 12,700 participants (which included patients, health care professionals, trial teams), were identified and included. Reporting of participant characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity) across the studies was poor. The majority of studies investigated dissemination of aggregate trial results. The most frequently reported mode of disseminating of results was postal. Overall, the results report that participants evaluated receipt of trial results positively, with reported benefits including improved communication, demonstration of appreciation, improved retention, and engagement in future research. However, there were also some concerns about how well the dissemination was resourced and done, worries about emotional effects on participants especially when reporting unfavourable results, and frustration about the delay between the end of the trial and receipt of results.ConclusionsThis scoping review has highlighted that few high-quality evaluative studies have been conducted that can provide evidence on the best ways to deliver results to trial participants. There have been relatively few qualitative studies that explore perspectives from diverse populations, and those that have been conducted are limited to a handful of clinical areas. The learning from these studies can be used as a platform for further research and to consider some core guiding principles of the opportunities and challenges when disseminating trial results to those who participated.

Systematic review and Meta-analysis on chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression treated with acupuncture

To review systematically the effectiveness of acupuncture in treatment of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. From the date of database establishment to April 1, 2020, the articles on randomized controlled trials of chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression were retrieved by computer from the following databases, i.e. PubMed, Cochrane central register of controlled trials (CENTRAL), EMbase, cumulative index to nursing & allied health literature (CINAHL), JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and SinoMed. Using RevMan5.3, Meta-analysis was conducted. With GRADEpro GDT, the evidence quality was evaluated. A total of 12 articles were included, 10 articles of which were analyzed by quantitative Meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the improvements in the decrease of post-chemotherapy leukocyte (P<0.01, MD=0.88, 95%CI=[0.71, 1.05]) and platelet (P<0.01, MD=25.91, 95%CI=[16.86, 34.97]) were better in the observation group. The difference in reducing hemoglobin was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05, MD=2.19, 95%CI=[-1.22, 5.61]). Regarding the improvement in the decrease of post-chemotherapy neutrophile granulocyte (P=0.03, MD=0.40, 95%CI=[0.04, 0.77]) and erythrocyte (P=0.03，MD=0.15，95%CI=[0.01, 0.28]), Karnofsky score (P<0.01, MD=4.19, 95%CI=[3.40, 4.98]) and quality of life (QOL) score (P<0.01, MD=5.01，95%CI=[1.61, 8.42]), the effects in the observation group were better than those in the control group. Acupuncture alleviates the decrease of leukocyte, platelet, neutrophile granulocyte and erythrocyte counts and improves the survival quality of patients with chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression.

A Narrative Systematic Literature Review: A Focus on Qualitative Studies on HIV and Medication-Assisted Therapy in the United States

Over the last two decades, the United States (U.S.) has experienced an opioid crisis that has had a significant negative societal and economic impact. Due to the high utilization of opioids in Persons Living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), there is a need for a qualitative literature review that presents opioid-use related problems in this population. This study aims to present and identify a thematic overview of the qualitative manuscripts on PLWHA who take opioid medications in the U.S., with a focus on perceptions surrounding medication assisted therapy. The systematic literature search was performed in December 2019. Four databases were searched: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). A total of 5348 results were exported from databases into EndNote x9, and duplicates were removed for a total of 3039 unique abstracts to screen. The records were imported into Rayyan, an online platform designed to expedite the screening process. Three authors screened titles and abstracts and determined 19 articles that would be screened in full text. On 9 April 2020, it was determined that eight articles would be included for review. The analysis of the eight manuscripts that fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria revealed barriers and facilitators to medication assisted therapy (MAT) in PLWHA. This review communicates or describes the story of PLWHA who might have delayed access to HIV healthcare providers and the commencement of antiretroviral therapy. In the literature, several studies have focused on the role of physicians in prescribing and addressing the medication regimens but none of the studies examined the role of pharmacists in access to care in this population. Therefore, further research is needed for a better understanding of the social aspects of taking opioid medications in PLWHA and the role of pharmacists within the continuum of care.

As infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e o impacto na transmissão vertical: uma revisão integrativa

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os impactos da transmissão vertical de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis em recém-nascidos. Trata-se de estudo de em revisão integrativa, realizado a partir do cruzamento dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde Enfermagem Neonatal; Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis; Transmissão vertical de Doença Infecciosa não está muito claro quais foram os descritores, sugiro utilizar aspas para delimitar cada um nas bases de dados Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo). Scielo não é base de dados. É biblioteca eletrônica. Sugiro rever. Ao final das buscas, foram obtidos 29 artigos dos quais 14 (48,2%) apresentavam o HIV/Aids como tema central. Verificou-se que os principais impactos da transmissão vertical foram desmame precoce, nascimentos de prematuros e com baixo peso ao nascer, óbitos neonatais ou natimortos. Os demais problemas dizem respeito à maior prevalência de comorbidades graves, a exemplo da tuberculose pulmonar, bacteremia e doenças diarreicas. A redação não está clara. Este trabalho aponta perspectivas para novos estudos, uma vez que são necessárias medidas efetivas para o controle de transmissão vertical.

Facilitating informed choice about non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT): a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis of women\u2019s experiences

BackgroundNon-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) can be used to accurately detect fetal chromosomal anomalies early in pregnancy by assessing cell-free fetal DNA present in maternal blood. The rapid diffusion of NIPT, as well as the ease and simplicity of the test raises concerns around informed decision-making and the potential for routinization. Introducing NIPT in a way that facilitates informed and autonomous decisions is imperative to the ethical application of this technology. We approach this imperative by systematically reviewing and synthesizing primary qualitative research on women’s experiences with and preferences for informed decision-making around NIPT.MethodsWe searched multiple bibliographic databases including Ovid MEDLINE, EBSCO Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and ISI Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI). Our review was guided by integrative qualitative meta-synthesis, and we used a staged coding process similar to that of grounded theory to conduct our analysis.ResultsThirty empirical primary qualitative research studies were eligible for inclusion. Women preferred to learn about NIPT from their clinicians, but they expressed dissatisfaction with the quality and quantity of information provided during counselling and often sought information from a variety of other sources. Women generally had a good understanding of test characteristics, and the factors of accuracy, physical risk, and test timing were the critical information elements that they used to make informed decisions around NIPT. Women often described NIPT as easy or just another blood test, highlighting threats to informed decision-making such as routinization or a pressure to test.ConclusionsWomen’s unique circumstances modulate the information that they value and require most in the context of making an informed decision. Widened availability of trustworthy information about NIPT as well as careful attention to the facilitation of counselling may help facilitate informed decision-making.Trial registrationPROSPERO 2018 CRD42018086261.

Tracer Methodology and the quality of care: integrative literature review.

To analyze the scientific literature about the Tracer Method in the area of nursing. Integrative literature review with 22 articles from the following databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online(Medline/PubMed); Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO); Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Web of Science. The search strategy included descriptors and keywords, as follows: Método Tracer, Método Traçador, Método Rastreador, Método de Avaliação, Usuário Guia amd Enfermagem correlated and combined with Boolean operators. Data was organized according to the scenarios where the method was applied, namely: health condition as a tracer condition for assessing the quality of care, compliance and non-compliance regarding the institutional protocols, reflection and training for accreditation. The Tracer Methodology is used for evaluating and improving the quality of care.

Health Literacy, Self-Care Behavior and Quality of Life in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: An Integrative Review

Purpose: The review aimed to find the best evidence on the relationship between health literacy, self-care behavior and perceived quality of life (QoL) among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Searching engines included Cumulative Index to Nursing Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Pro Quest, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, SAGE Journals, Wiley on Line Library, and Science Direct electronic databases from 2010 to 2018. Fifteen research articles assessed the main variables and their associations with demographic and clinical variables. Results: Different methodologies and samples were analyzed: analytic descriptive, systematic review, a randomized control trial, retrospective cohort, a prospective Cohort, cross-sectional, and correlational designs. The fifteen studies showed that the patients with ACS have inadequate health literacy. Patients’ ability to understand basic and complex information or to accurately assess health risks was impaired and may hinder patients’ engagement in self-care. Low HL in patients having ACS is consistently associated with poor QoL. Physical domain of QoL remained the significant outcome of both self-care behavior and health literacy after adjusting for demographics and clinical variables in patients with ACS. Conclusion: The literature pointed to the importance of considering health literacy and self-care behaviors as predictors of quality of life among patients with ACS. However, there has been no previous evidence on the best process of the association between these three variables.

Impact of Helfer Skin Tap Technique in Reduction of Pain During Vaccination among Infants-A Literature Review

Pain is an unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. It is too difficult to face pain of vaccinations in children.Helfer skin tapping technique is resulting to minimize the level of pain during intramuscular injections among children. Objective- Primary objective behind this literature review is to find out effectiveness of helfer skin tap technique in reduction of level of pain among children. Method- A systematic literature review was conducted. The literature includes last 8years’ data. The literature reviewed was obtained through different database includes CINHAL (Cumulative index TO Nursing & Allied Health Literature), MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis & Retrieval System Online), PubMed, Science Direct, SpringerLink, ProQuest & Google scholar. Result—Pain level of experimental group is less than control group. Helfer skin tap technique is effective to reducing the level of pain among infants who are undergone with pentavalent vaccination. Conclusion—Helfer skin tap technique is helpful in minimizing the level of pain during vaccination among infants. All the nurses can perform Helfer skin tap technique in routine practices for reducing pain intensity.

Efetividade de intervenções educativas sobre contracepção na adolescência: revisão sistemática da literatura

O objetivo foi investigar a efetividade das intervenções educativas sobre contracepção na adolescência. Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados da Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe (LILACS), Cumulative Index to Nursing &amp; Allied Health Literature(CINAHL), Web of Science e no portalNational Library of Medicine (PubMed/Medline), obedecendo aos critérios de inclusão: estudos que avaliem a efetividade de intervenções educativas sobre contracepção na adolescência, disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Observando os critérios de elegibilidade, obteve-se uma amostra de oito artigos. Observaram-se diferentes estratégias educativas sobre contracepção na adolescência utilizadas em diversos contextos e cenários, cujas intervenções mostraram-se efetivas, promovendo mudanças no conhecimento e/ou nas atitudes, evidenciando autoeficácia na prevenção de gravidez e infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Conclui-se, portanto, que as intervenções educativas se mostraram efetivas na promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos adolescentes.

A systematic review of interventions for healthcare professionals to improve screening and referral for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders.

Postpartum depression affects approximately 11% of women. However, screening for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders (PMAD) is rare and inconsistent among healthcare professionals. When healthcare professionals screen, they often rely on clinical judgment, rather than validated screening tools. The objective of the current study is to review the types and effectiveness of interventions for healthcare professionals that have been used to increase the number of women screened and referred for PMAD. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was utilized to guide search and reporting strategies. PubMed/Medline, PsychInfo/PsychArticles, Cumulative Index to Nursing, Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition databases were used to find studies that implemented an intervention for healthcare professionals to increase screening and referral for PMAD. Twenty-five studies were included in the review. Based on prior quality assessment tools, the quality of each article was assessed using an assessment tool created by the authors. The four main outcome variables were the following: percentage of women screened, percentage of women referred for services, percentage of women screened positive for PMAD, and provider knowledge, attitudes, and/or skills concerning PMAD. The most common intervention type was educational, with others including changes in electronic medical records and standardized patients for training. Study quality and target audience varied among the studies. Interventions demonstrated moderate positive impacts on screening completion rates, referral rates for PMAD, and patient-provider communication. Studies suggested positive receptivity to screening protocols by mothers and providers. Given the prevalence and negative impacts of PMAD on mothers and children, further interventions to improve screening and referral are needed.

To what extent has doctoral (PhD) education supported academic nurse educators in their teaching roles: an integrative review

BackgroundA doctoral degree, either a PhD or equivalent, is the academic credential required for an academic nurse educator position in a university setting; however, the lack of formal teaching courses in doctoral programs contradict the belief that these graduates are proficient in teaching. As a result, many PhD prepared individuals are not ready to meet the demands of teaching.MethodsAn integrative literature review was undertaken. Four electronic databases were searched including the Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC) and ProQuest. Date range and type of peer-reviewed literature was not specified.ResultsConditions and factors that influenced or impacted on academic nurse educators’ roles and continue to perpetuate insufficient pedagogical preparation include the requirement of a research focused PhD, lack of mentorship in doctoral programs and the influence of epistemic cultures (including institutional emphasis and reward system). Other factors that have impacted the academic nurse educator’s role are society’s demand for highly educated nurses that have increased the required credential, the assumption that all nurses are considered natural teachers, and a lack of consensus on the practice of the scholarship of teaching.ConclusionsDespite recommendations from nursing licensing bodies and a major US national nursing education study, little has been done to address the issue of formal pedagogical preparation in doctoral (PhD) nursing programs. There is an expectation of academic nurse educators to deliver quality nursing education yet, have very little or no formal pedagogical preparation for this role. While PhD programs remain research-intensive, the PhD degree remains a requirement for a role in which teaching is the major responsibility.