Cultural Park Research Articles

국립5‧18민주묘지 관리운영에 대한 20년 담론의 회고와 전망

The May 18 National Democratic Cemetery, after being raised in the status of national cemetery, has been at the center of discourse on the management and operation of the democratic cemetery for about 20 years until 2022 just as providing power to the democratization movement by going through with commemorating the victims of the May 18 uprising in the mid-1980s. This paper presents a future-oriented direction by deriving policy implications by examining the trend of discourse over the past 20 years on the management and operation of this place based on the historical symbolism of the May 18 cemetery as a democratic holy place.
 To this end, the reports of the Korea Economic Research Institute (2005) and the Korea Modern and Social Research Institute (2006) are first examined and compared with the latest reports produced in 2021. As a result, it is found that the management and operation of the May 18 cemetery has a history of not fully demonstrating the memorial and educational functions, including the enactment of the National Cemetery Act in 2005 and the government's integrated management and operation policy in 2022. Accordingly, it is argued that a new development plan considering the convenience of visitors is needed to introduce new burial methods such as charnel and natural burial after 2022 and to devise an effective cultural park. In addition to the Memorial Hall, this study expects timely value in suggesting the history of the May 18 cemetery, the geological environment, and the direction of specific education and tourism discussions.

PERANCANGAN TAMAN BUDAYA KABUPATEN SAMBAS

The traditions inherent in the Sambas community make this area thick with customs in people's lives. The development of human civilization is created over time, as is the case with the people in Sambas. Preservation of culture has started in the past and has been preserved until now. Art and Culture that continues to be maintained over time begins to change even more, worse, many are forgotten. This sustainability has an impact on the values of the community, which is reflected in their daily life. Art and Culture is the identity of the community, it is important that efforts are made to maintain it. As an area that upholds the values of traditional arts and culture in the social life of the city of Sambas, it does not yet have a centralized place to accommodate the traditional activities of the Sambas area. There are no supporting facilities to carry out activities and introduce Arts, Culture and Traditions to the community specifically for present and future generations. Concentration of place to continue to preserve this tradition is needed. Therefore, the existence of the Cultural Park aims to accommodate the cultural activities of the Sambas people. The design of the Cultural Park will not only make it a place for the arts but will become a hierarchy of identity for the Cultural and Arts buildings that exist in this city and aims to reintroduce traditions that have begun to be abandoned by the times. Integrating the content contained in Art, Culture and Tradition preserved with Architectural values, in responding to problems, thinking about conformity to the environment. Through the application of Neovernacular Architecture, it is hoped that it can bring back the Art and Cultural Traditions of the Sambas community.

The Influence of Tourists' Online Value Co-creation Behavior on Consumer-Brand Relationship Quality: The Moderating Effect of Altruism.

In recent years, there is the popular phenomenon of “grass planting” marketing. The value co-creation behavior of ordinary consumers KOC (key opinion consumer) in the online community is sometimes out of utilitarian intentions, which is deemed as plain people’s “grass planting” advertising in a certain degree. We collected the tourists’ data in Chinese Grand Canal National Cultural Park, analyzed the impact of value co-creation behaviors such as tourists’ experience sharing, topic discussions, and suggestions in online communities on the value of tourism experience and the quality of brand relationships under the “planting grass” marketing environment and verified the moderating mechanism of tourist altruism in it. According to the results, tourists’ online value co-creation behavior has a significant positive impact on the consumer-brand relationship quality, and experience value plays a mediating role. Tourists’ online value co-creation behavior has a significant positive impact on experience value, in which altruism plays a moderating role. The greater the tendency of altruism, the higher the impact of tourists’ value co-creation behaviors on their experience value, and vice versa. This conclusion is not only of great significance in deepening and improving theories of value co-creation, altruism, experience value and consumer-brand relationship quality, but also has important certain management enlightenment on how to combine the design of merchant value co-creation incentive mechanism with altruism in “grass planting” marketing.

문화콘텐츠로서 신동엽 作 <석가탑>의 기획 방향 연구

This paper propose the direction of planning cultural contents that allow cultural others. To this end, compared to play, novel, total theatre, and cultural park produced using the cultural archetype of Asanyeo, this paper examines the problems of space raised by Shin Dong-yeop’s Seoggatap . Chapter 2 examines the problems of spatial closure by analyzing mainstream cultural contents in consideration of the influence on the lives of Koreans. In order to prove that the division of space was reinforced and reproduced by supplementing the composition of art/love in addition to the traditional dichotomy of inside/outside, sacred/secular, the texts of the colonial era and cultural contents of the 21st century are analyzed. Chapter 3 analyzes the phantom of the Asanyeo appearing in the stage space of the Seoggatap and analyzes that Asanyeo's inheritance heir, Asadal declares at the end of the play to expand the dichotomously limited space by all divisions. Referring to this, it is suggested that the planners of Seoggatap can inherit the original plan to create an unprecedented work of art by inviting cultural others into the inner and outer spaces while considering the historically completed spatial closure.

Comparison of the Influence of Motivation for Foreign Tourists' Visits to Bali with the Inauguration of the Garuda Wisnu Kencana Statue

There is a growing expectation for the iconic statue to emerge as a tourism icon, particularly in Bali, Indonesia; following the completion of the Garu-da Wisnu Kencana Statue in 2018. Therefore, this quantitative study was car-ried out to answer the two key research questions; Are potential tourists aware of the presence of this new landmark after the development and whether there is an influence on motivation to visit, particularly for foreign tourists? The study was conducted using an online survey that was sent to 80 foreign tourists from all around the world. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents in this survey were uninformed of the statue's presence, and that if they were aware of its presence, it had an impact on their desire to visit Bali. This makes it critical to raise public awareness about the Garuda Wisnu Kencana Statue, which located at the Garuda Wisnu Kencana Cultural Park in Bali, Indonesia and suggested that the presence of Garuda Wisnu Kencana Statue can be op-timally used as a significant marketing tools by Indonesian Ministry of Tourism. Theoretical implications include summarizing the key elements of a tourism destination with a tourism icon that attracts potential tourists. Practical implica-tions include presenting measurement on steps to maximize the presence of a tourism icon with a variety of expectations from potential tourists.

The Origin and Vision of National Cultural Park Management Policy in China

Research on the evolution of cultural policy is the key in the field of public policy study, and it is also an important means to solve the problems that have emerged in cultural heritage management. The National Cultural Park is an innovative cultural heritage protection system proposed by Chinese leaders within the context of national rejuvenation and building a culturally-strong country campaign. From the perspective of system evolution theory, this paper systematically sorts out the ideas behind international heritage management and the evolutionary process of the Cultural Relics Protection Unit system, in an effort to explore the origin, innovation and vision of the National Cultural Park System. A review of the international heritage documents revealed that the principle of heritage protection has developed from “authenticity” to “integrity”, and the focus of the protection object has also changed from “monism” to “diversity”, which provided a theoretical background for the burgeoning National Cultural Park. The Cultural Relics Protection Unit system has been promoted as the most crucial cultural heritage management system in China. Therefore, this study sheds light on the evolution and limitations of the system that lays a practical foundation for the National Cultural Park System. There have been three stages in the history of China's National Cultural Relics Protection Unit, namely, the creation of the system (1956–1965), the survival crisis of the system (1966–1977), and the rebirth and development of the system (1978 to the present), in which the main driving concepts of China′s cultural heritage management have been sequentially elucidated as simple protectionism, tolerant conservatism and comprehensive developmentalism, respectively. Since the establishment of China's Cultural Relics Protection Unit system, tremendous progress has been made not only in the enlightenment of the public's mindset and but also in the development of system and culture. However, the changes in the institutional environment gradually exposed its limitations regarding cultural relic management and value expression. The National Cultural Park System is the fruit created by the internal contradictions of the cultural heritage system itself and the evolution of heritage theory. Its biggest innovation lies in the two core connotations of “integrated protection” and “integrated development”. In the future, as the National Cultural Park management system matures, a Chinese cultural heritage management system will take shape in which the National Cultural Parks become dominant and various cultural resources are utilized. Finally, the National Cultural Park will become a symbol of Chinese culture and will be internalized into the common belief system of the Chinese nation.

Post-industrial Approaches to Cultural Activation���� Taking Westergasfabriek Culture Park as an Example

Post-industrial Approaches to Cultural Activation���� Taking Westergasfabriek Culture Park as an Example

Revitalization of the industrial heritage: guidelines for Kryvyi Rih

The post-industrial stage of development determined a significant reduction of the importance of industrial production, which led to restructuring the economy. An active process of revaluation has begun – reassessing the value of industrial heritage and finding options for its further use. Kryvyi Rih is the most powerful industrial center of Ukraine and despite the fact that the industry is in an active stage of operation, the issue of diversification of the city’s economy and further transformation of industrial facilities is raised in a timely manner. The tasks of this research are theoretical analysis of the concept of revitalization”, the essence of this process, the study of practical experience of revitalization in Ukraine and abroad, the result of which should be an analysis of prospects for the implementation of this process in the industrial heritage of Kryvyi Rih. The analysis of the possibilities of Kryvyi Rih industrial heritage revaluation was carried out through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach based on research in architecture, ecology, economics, geography and culturology. Disclosure of this issue took place at two levels of research: theoretical and empirical. Theoretical research was based on the use of general scientific systems approach, analysis and synthesis, structural-functional analysis, comparative analysis, modeling methods, design, SWOT and PEST-analyzes of the probable effectiveness of revitalization in Kryvyi Rih. Empirical research was expeditionary methods, observations, the method of field visual inspections. The study has structured the concept of “revitalization”, revealed promising areas of industrial facilities revitalization. The world tendencies and the best national examples of transformation of industrial territories into various innovation spaces have been analyzed. An assessment of the potential of the city’s various objects in terms of revitalization opportunities has been given. Conceptual models of creation of the Industrial Culture Park “SHAKHTA” on the place of the preserved mine “Artem-2”, and also industrial and landscape park on the place of Burshchitsky dump have been prepared, futuristic possibilities of their use in the tourist activity have been allocated. Intensification of efforts of specialists in various related fields to ensure the sustainable development of the urban environment of old industrial areas is the key to a qualitative revival of industrial spaces, harmonization and ecological optimisation of the former industrial environment, solving a number of socio-economic problems.

Exhibition Activities of the Pavlovsk Palace and Park Ensemble in the 1950s

During the period of active post-war restoration of the palace and park ensembles of Leningrad, in the absence of permanent expositions, exhibitions were one of the few ways of museum communication. The article focuses on the exhibitions of the Pavlovsk Palace Museum and Park in the 1950s. As a research base, the author uses articles from the newspaper “Vperyod” issued in the city of Pushkin, and unpublished materials of the Central State Archive of Literature and Art of St. Petersburg: reports and plans of the directorate, programs of festive events, minutes of the scientific department employees’ meetings, financial reports of the 1950s, etc.On the example of Pavlovsk, the article reveals the essence of exhibitions as a typical phenomenon for a museum complex, as well as for a culture and recreation park, which allowed forming civic consciousness and implementing state cultural policy. The exhibitions helped to solve a set of political, educational, personality-developing, leisure, and cultural tasks of Soviet cultural institutions.The author conducts a comparative quantitative analysis of the total number of exhibitions by year. Based on the content of the exhibitions, there is provided a universal thematic classification. The article shows the connection of the disclosed topics and the number of exhibitions with the cultural and political situation in the country during that period. There is determined the organizational specifics of the process, within which the main sites, time and forms of exhibitions are identified.The article concludes that most of the exhibitions did not correspond to the museum’s essence, but those that related directly to the history of the museum and its collections were in tourist demand. Some of the exhibitions of the museum profile, over time, determined the content of the future permanent expositions of the State Museum-Reserve “Pavlovsk”. The emergence and growth of such exhibitions, covered in the media, contributed to the activation of visitor interest in Pavlovsk as a museum and the development of cultural tourism, primarily at the local and regional level.

국내 도시공원 유형변경에 따른 시설변화 연구 - 서울시 공원을 중심으로 -

Urban parks play the role of providing leisure spaces for people in their everyday life along with serving ecological functions in the city. Although urban parks aim to satisfy the needs of users visiting the park, most urban parks are currently uniformly created and maintained without considering the environmental characteristics based on the needs of users. This study thus analyzed parks that underwent modifications in line with the revised Park Act in 2005. There were 45 parks whose types were legally changed, of which 21 were changed from children’s parks to small parks, and 19 were changed to utilize and highlight the themes such as cultural parks and historical parks. Among the parks whose types have changed, the ratio of amenities in cultural and historic parks has increased, while the facility area in small parks has decreased and the green area has increased in its place. As a result of analyzing the changes to the park facility area, it was confirmed that increasing park amenities has a positive effect in pursuing revitalization of use through park maintenance, but has a negative consequence of significantly decreasing green area. It is necessary to reorganize the park type classification system to reflect the park environment and prepare guidelines for a new installation standard by park type to expand the net function of parks in cities and maintain the sustainable ecological environment. Through in-depth discussions on the facilities of park types, it is anticipated that innovative and multilateral research could be conducted to prepare improvement measures tailored to the guidelines of urban park types in years to come.

Water Quality Assessment at Tanggulangin Cultural Park

Tanggulangin Cultural Park is a new facility provided by the local government as a recreational facility for residents. Along the way, many people use the area to boost the economy, by selling food, drinks, and so on. So it can be ascertained that water is a material that is used every day. Many residents use water from the Tanggulangin Cultural Park area for the production process of food, beverages, and other purposes, so it is necessary to know the water quality in the park, physically, chemically, and microbiologically. This research was conducted in October-November 2021 by testing the parameters of temperature, turbidity, pH, water hardness, and total coliform. The results obtained are water temperatures of 34.6 and 31.6oC, turbidity of 2.87 NTU and 3.08 NTU, pH of 7.08 and 6.92, water hardness of 1.28 mg.L-1 and 1.32 mg.L-1, and total coliforms of 7.8 CFU/100 ml and 6.8 CFU/100 ml. In general, all these parameters are still below the standard of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. No. 32 of 2017. However, attention must be paid to the presence of total coliform content in water.

Assessment of the possibility of establishing cultural parks in selected rural and small town areas in the Lublin Province

The study objective was to identify and assess the cultural landscape resources in two counties in the Lublin Province (Poland) – county of Radzyń Podlaski and county of Łęczna – and to examine the public opinion about the establishment of cultural parks within these two counties. The research procedure included an analysis of district-level planning and strategy documents, a SWOT analysis, a field inventory, and a questionnaire survey. This research was preceded by an analysis of the functioning of cultural parks in other regions in Poland. An additional goal of the study was to join the global discussion about cultural parks. The research has shown that the county of Radzyń Podlaski and county of Łęczna have great potential for creating cultural parks. However, it is necessary to improve the public awareness (particularly of local governments and property owners) about the cultural park as a form of protection and the development opportunities related to its establishment e.g. revitalisation, tourism and recreation. System-wide changes in the scope of establishment and functioning of cultural parks are also advisable.

서울 송현동 일대의 문화 헤게모니와 장소성 변화 분석

The History and Culture Park and the Lee Kun-hee Donation Hall will be built in Songhyeon-dong, Seoul. Political games from the Joseon Dynasty to the present greatly influenced the historicity of Songhyeon-dong. However, place analysis was limited to changes in landowners and land uses rather than a historical context. Therefore, this study analyzed the context in which the placeness of Songhyeon-dong changed according to the emergence of cultural hegemony using the perspective of modern cultural geography and comparative history. As a result of the analysis, cultural hegemony in historical transitions, such as Sinocentrism, maritime expansion, civil revolutions, imperialism, nationalism, popular art, and neoliberalism, was found to have created new intellectuals in Bukchon, including Songhyeon-dong, and influenced social systems and spatial policies. In this social relations, the placeness of Songhyeon-dong changed as follows. First, the founding forces of Joseon created pine forests as Bibo Forests to invocate the permanence of the dynasty. In the late Joseon dynasty, it was an era of maritime expansion, and as Joseon’s yeonhaeng increased, a garden for the Gyeonghwasejok, who enjoyed the culture of the Qing dynasty, was built. Although pine forests and gardens disappeared due to the development of housing complexes as the population soared during the Japanese colonial era, Cha Gyeong’s landscape aesthetics, which harmonized artificial gardens and external nature, are worth reinterpreting in modern times. Second, the wave of modernization created a new school in Bukchon and a boarding house in Songhyeon-dong owned by a pro-Japanese faction. Angukdongcheon-gil, next to Songhyeon-dong, was where thinkers who promoted civil revolution and national self-determination exchanged ideas. Songhyeon-dong, the largest boarding house, served as a residence for students to participate in the March 1st Movement and was the cradle of the resulting culture of student movements. The appearance of the old road is preserved, so it is a significant part of the regeneration of walking in the historic city center, connecting Gwanghwamun-Bukchon-Insadong-Donhwamunro. Third, from the cultural rule of the Government General of Joseon to the Military Government, Songhyeon-dong acted as a passage to western culture with the Joseon Siksan Bank’s cultural housing and staff accommodations at the U.S. Embassy. Ancient and contemporary art coexisted in the surrounding area, so the modern and contemporary art market was formed. The Lee Kun-hee Donation Hall is expected to form a cultural belt for citizens with the gallery, Bukchon Hanok Village, the Craft Museum, and the Modern Museum of Art. Discourses and challenges are needed to recreate the place in harmony with the forests, gardens, the street of citizens’ birth, history and culture park, the art museum, and the surrounding walking network.

Creation the map of the road and path network in the specially protected natural area for territory digression research

The research is devoted to the study of the road and path network in the park Central Park of Culture and Leisure named after Y. A. Gagarin which located in Chelyabinsk. This research is important to solve the issues on the study of the development of digression. The park is located close to a residential area, a large shopping complex and a university with a campus -these factors affect the anthropogenic load on the territory. In the course of the research, field work, mathematical calculations were carried out and map was created to visualize the results obtained. A schematic map of the road and path network of a section of the investigated territory was created. The southern part of the park is less prone to trampling and this area is closed to stages 3-4 of digression. While the part of the park near the railway is the least prone to trampling and degree of digression is closed to stage 2-3. Based on the results obtained, it is necessary to develop a road and path network throughout the park in order to reduce the anthropogenic impact on nature in certain parts of the park.

Multi-Criteria Evaluation of Site Selection for Smart Community Demonstration Projects

Definition and imagination of an ideal city can be traced back to the origin of garden city in UK about 100 years ago. Since then, many different names and topics have been proposed and smart city is the one most recently proposed. Starting from 2000, more and more countries have developed various demonstration projects for the promotion of smart city in order to provide total solution for the promotion of sustainable development and social welfare. In fact, some of them have been successfully carried out. Some researchers in Taiwan argue that the current mechanism by which government subsidies are allocated for smart city demonstration projects warrants improvement. A comprehensive literature review determined that the development potential of smart cities should be prioritized in site selection for such demonstration projects. This study developed an evaluation framework on the basis of multi-criteria evaluation methods to enable the identification of suitable smart city demonstration sites. Evaluation criteria were first identified through the Delphi method. Next, the weights of each criterion were derived through the analytic hierarchy process. Furthermore, the capability of the proposed evaluation model was determined through simulation testing. Four demonstration sites are simulated, they are: Taipower Smart Community, Yinlin Technology University campus, Taichung Creative Cultural Park, and Asian New Bay Area in Kaohsiung, It is expected that the research findings in this thesis can be helpful to the future decision for the demo site selection of smart city.

Сергей Параджанов и Тифлис: «гид» культурной памяти, городское пространство и его трансформация

This paper considers the great director Sergei Parajanov (1924–1990) as a “guide” and a connoisseur of his hometown of Tiflis, and an interpreter of urban space. Specifically, it focuses on the analysis of the screenplay “Confession” that describes the transformation of the urban landscape. The cemeteries of the Old Tiflis era (the Old-Veria and Khojivan cemeteries) were being destroyed and turned into cultural parks. Such transformations became a tragedy for many families. The destruction of cemeteries wasn’t merely an individual or generational tragedy, but also had a political component. The analysis showed that in Georgia, during the Soviet era, a nationalist, chauvinistic cultural, commemorative policy of oblivion was carried out, which continued during the reign of Mikhail Saakashvili (2008–2013). The article substantiates the following thesis: Tiflis has become an object for reflection of the great director, creative and commemorative material. The article is divided into two parts. In the first part (Tiflis as a microhistorical space), Sergey Parajanov is presented as an expert, “guide” of his city, who reveals various transformations in the urban space, such as, for example, “the funeral of cobblestones”. Parajanov shows the great screenwriter Tonino Guerra how the cobblestone is being replaced by asphalt or how in the ateliers of old Tiflis sewed “aerodrome”-caps on blanks, the prototype of which was the Sicilian Coppola. The second part of the article (The City as Imaginary and Signified) analyzes the film script “Confession” from the point of view of the urban landscape, as well as an object of individual, cultural and historical memory.

Exploring Wavelet Transform-Based Image Enhancement Algorithm for Image Restoration of Long March National Cultural Park.

China has taken the lead in exploring the construction of large-scale public cultural parks. By restoring the relics of the Long March, we can further promote the spirit of the Red Army, inherit the red gene, contribute to national pride, and contribute to local economic development. A new community will be built with culture, education, tourism, and leisure as the main contents. System aberration, human interference, motion, and system noise can all lead to image quality degradation. Wavelet enhancement technique is to use Wiener filtering in the Fourier region, using other properties of wavelets for filtering. The wavelet analysis method was used to recover the images within the Long March National Park, and the corresponding processing was carried out to achieve a better recovery effect. Through comparative tests, it was found that the algorithm had an average reduction of 223 iterations and an average increase of 11.264 in signal-to-noise ratio when iterating, and the number of iterations was also greatly improved. The higher the wavelet coefficients are, the higher the noise is. This paper introduces a new wavelet transform-based image restoration technique for national parks.

“All noted proposals... will be taken into account and introduced”. To the 90th anniversary of the project of the Central Park of Culture and Recreation of Chelyabinsk (minutesof discussion, 1932)

“All noted proposals... will be taken into account and introduced”. To the 90th anniversary of the project of the Central Park of Culture and Recreation of Chelyabinsk (minutesof discussion, 1932)

Ecological characteristics of horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) plantings of the city of Orel

Today, the leading factors of deterioration of woody plants in natural and artificial ecosystems are pests and pathogens. Monitoring and control of populations of known pest species and pathogens is an urgent task of modern ornamental plant raising. The purpose of the work was to characterize the state of Aesculus hippocastanum L. plantings at the objects of landscape architecture of the city of Orel for damage by the chestnut miner Cameraria ohridella Deshka et Dimic. Plantings of A. hippocastanum L. were examined at four landscaping sites of the Sovetsky district of the city of Orel. The plantings were assessed visually, according to the condition of the crown and the damage to the leaves of the horse chestnut with a periodicity of 17 days. As a result of the study, it was shown that most of the damaged woody plants were found in the City Park of Culture and Recreation, to a lesser extent - on Victory Boulevard, where preventive stem injections were carried out. As the main measures to combat the chestnut mining moth in urban conditions, systematic pruning of species, stem injections, replacement of species with resistant species and varieties are recommended: A. carnea, A. glabra, A. indica.

Conservation and Communication Strategy for the Grand Canal Cultural Heritage with the Theoretical Framework of 5Cs

Since ancient China, the Grand Canal has become the backbone of the nation, exerting profound and far reaching influence on Chinese communication and transportation system. Studies concerning the Grand Canal have increased greatly since it entered into the World Heritage List in 2014. However, most researches are focused upon practical issues, such as repairing or restoring relative river canals, scenery spots and museums. Under the more complex and serious conditions of world ecosystem and cultural conflicts, more research work is needed to enhance the theoretical understanding for the Grand Canal and promote the Grand Canal Cultural Heritage globally, aiming to build a community of shared future for mankind. With the guidance of "5Cs" of <i>Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention</i>, this paper discusses better conservation and communication strategies for the Grand Canal by highlighting its outstanding universal value, improving its credibility with scientific conservation of the authenticity and integrity of the Grand Canal, focusing on capacity-building for better convention and application of the cultural heritage resources and encouraging social communities to work together for the global communication of the Grand Canal. Meanwhile, a multi-modal and multilingual database for the historical and cultural resources of the Grand Canal will be established by means of big data, digital technology and all-media technology. It is hoped to provide meaningful reference for the more rational and scientific conservation and communication of the Grand Canal while China is planning to build the National Grand Canal Cultural Park.