Cultural Community Research Articles

A critical examination of the socio-onomastic controversy of Sepedi and Sesotho sa Leboa/Northern Sotho language names and the role and effectiveness of the Commission for Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities

The article examines the failure to take action and implement effective measures in resolving the socio-onomastic controversy surrounding the Sepedi and Northern Sotho/Sesotho sa Leboa language names, while evaluating the effectiveness of the Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Cultural, Religious and Linguistic Communities (CRL Commission) as a Chapter 9 institution in the matter. The research was conducted at five South African universities where the language is offered as a module. Employing a qualitative approach, the study primarily uses content analysis of data from constitutional documents and minutes from the Parliamentary Joint Constitution Review Committee. In addition, self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face interviews were employed to supplement the content analysis as qualitative. A purposeful sampling technique was used to select 267 participants, including students, lecturers, language authorities and experts from the Department of Sport, Arts and Culture, as well as its provincial departments in Limpopo and Gauteng provinces. The article establishes that the lack of intervention by the CRL Commission exacerbates non-compliance issues as far as dual use of these names is concerned. It further argues that the lack of compliance not only undermines linguistic rights, but also disregards South Africa’s constitutional democracy, which should be safeguarded. Practical and decisive measures, rooted in constitutional principles, are recommended to resolve the matter effectively.

Determinants of Waqf Interest among the Minangkabau Community: A Philantrepreneur Perspective

This research aims to analyze the influence of; knowledge, religiosity, culture, subjective norms, socialization, earnings on the Minangkabau Community interest in giving waqf, either directly or indirectly. The methodology uses in this research are using validity and reliability tests and analyz it using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with the help of SPSS and Microsoft Excel programs. The primary data for this research was obtained through a questionnaire survey of 400 respondents from the Minangkabau community who live in the West Sumatra region or outside the West Sumatra region. The results of this study show that the variables; knowledge, culture, socialization and earnings have a significant influence on the Minangkabau Community’s interest in giving waqf. Meanwhile, religiosity and subjective norms do not influence this. The research implicates that the role of good knowledge regarding waqf and supported by socialization based on Minangkabau Community Culture will have a positive impact on the Minangkabau Community interest in waqf.

Meeting the Needs of Students and the Needs of a System

First Nation students’ attendance, retention and engagement in remote schools has been a concern for educators and successive governments. In many communities, students are encouraged to complete secondary education at boarding school because of seemingly limited educational opportunities in their local communities. The School of Isolated and Distance Education’s (SIDE’s) vision is to provide learning opportunities for Western Australian students regardless of their circumstances through high quality, inclusive and culturally responsive programs. Vision statements are aspirational and need to be backed with strategies for implementation. One such strategy implemented by SIDE in 2024 was the establishment of a Regional Teaching Team (RTT). The RTT was established to meet the unique needs of students in the Northern Goldfields and Kimberley regions of Western Australia. These regions have a high representation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students. Providing programs and pathways to meet the needs of Aboriginal students in remote contexts in Western Australia is not possible without a deep understanding of the context and culture of the local communities, schools and the students within them. SIDE’s RTT is committed to working with local communities to deliver co-designed culturally responsive education. It is not an easy task, and it will take time to build relationships and trust with local communities to deliver such an outcome. Whilst there is support in principle from Government agencies, disconnect still exists between policy and practice in the context of Aboriginal education in schools (Burgess, Cathie, & Lowe, 2022). The RTT aims to work with Aboriginal communities to provide them with the opportunities to communicate their goals and desires for the education of their children. Traditional measures based on attendance, completion of written tasks and grades perpetuate failure and do not inspire success or engagement.

Maintenance Rights of Muslim Women under Muslim Personal Law

In India, the Muslim community is the largest minority group, yet many Muslim women remain unaware of their rights under Muslim Personal Law, particularly concerning maintenance. Maintenance, a fundamental right, holds great importance as it ensures financial security and social dignity for women, especially during and after marriage. While Islamic principles emphasize fairness and protection for women, practical understanding and implementation of these maintenance rights are often clouded by cultural misconceptions and lack of awareness. This paper seeks to illuminate the rights Muslim women possess within the framework of Muslim Personal Law, exploring the spiritual and social principles intended to provide them with a secure livelihood. It delves into the role of cultural practices and community leaders in either reinforcing or obstructing these rights, highlighting the urgent need for informed dialogue and reform. By dispelling myths and shedding light on the core tenets of equality, this study emphasizes the crucial role of educating women as a means of fostering self-advocacy and economic stability. Through an in-depth look at maintenance rights, this study aims to bridge the knowledge gap, empowering women to claim what is rightfully theirs. In recognizing the significance of these protections, the research underlines the importance of widespread awareness and education, advocating for a future where every Muslim woman is equipped with the knowledge to assert her legal entitlements confidently. In doing so, it aspires to contribute to the larger cause of gender equity, upholding the dignity and welfare of Muslim women as envisioned in both traditional Islamic values and the modern social fabric of India.

Role of Marma Buddhist Women in Community Leadership and Cultural Preservation

Background: The Marma buddhist community, an indigenous group residing in Bangladesh's Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), faces significant socio-cultural challenges. Marma women play pivotal roles in community leadership and cultural preservation, but limited research explores their contributions and the barriers they face. Objective: To explore the roles of Marma women in community leadership and cultural preservation, analyzing challenges and contributions statistically. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the CHT's Bandarban, Khagrachari, and Rangamati districts from January 2020 to December 2022. A purposive sample of 318 Marma women aged 18 and above was selected. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGDs). Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. In contrast, qualitative data were thematically analyzed to explore leadership roles, cultural preservation, and challenges faced by Marma women. Results: The study revealed that 64% of the respondents held leadership positions in local governance or community organizations, with a statistically significant relationship between education level and leadership roles (p < 0.01). Participation in cultural preservation activities, such as traditional festivals and rituals, was reported by 78% of women, with a significant correlation between age and cultural involvement (p = 0.02). Moreover, 53% of the participants were involved in educational initiatives to transmit Marma language and culture to younger generations, with a p-value of 0.03, indicating a significant relationship between involvement in education and leadership roles. Challenges such as gender inequality and limited access to resources were reported by 45% of respondents, with the issue of resource accessibility significantly associated with leadership participation (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Marma women are integral to community leadership and cultural preservation in the CHT. Their contributions are vital for sustaining the cultural identity of the Marma people, but they face significant challenges that hinder their full participation. Addressing gender inequities and improving resource accessibility is critical to empowering Marma women in their leadership and cultural preservation efforts.

Developing an Integrated Analytical Framework for Sustainability Assessment: Focusing on Selected Projects in Riyadh

Riyadh, the capital of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is now presenting itself as one of the most attractive capitals in the Middle East, with a number of ambitious expansion projects that aim to develop the city and align its urban development with the goals of Vision 2030. This urban renaissance requires researchers to adopt evaluation approaches (BSAMs) based on comprehensive sustainability criteria represented by environmental and cultural sustainability, community engagement, and economic feasibility. This research relies on the ETE methodology to determine evaluation criteria and their weights, which is a systematic and interactive method of prediction based on the opinion of a group of experts, or what is known as the Delphi method. Experts answered questionnaires to determine the weights of the criteria in three rounds where they received an anonymous summary of the experts’ predictions from the previous round with the reasons they provided for their judgments. The responses were then analyzed to identify recurring and converging themes and contradictions using the top-of-priority similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) technique, thus deriving an integrated evaluation model. The model was applied to evaluate architectural practices in Riyadh through three major projects: the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, the King Abdullah Financial District, and the King Abdullah Financial District Metro Station. Data sources included comprehensive site visits, detailed project documentation, and expert evaluation through structured questionnaires to gain a realistic view of attitudes towards architectural needs and sustainability. This adds to the knowledge on how globalization interacts with the urban renewal landscape in Riyadh and encourages us to continue proposing effective evaluation models by drawing attention to the multidimensional nature of sustainability. This in turn points to the need for continuous re-evaluation of architectural activities in Riyadh through project evaluation results that attest to their compatibility with international standards and local cultural contexts. Overall, the proposed evaluation model has proven successful in testing projects at the local level by providing a sustainable framework. The results showed that projects adhere to varying levels of sustainability requirements, but, more importantly, these evaluation models were developed to rationalize accelerated construction processes.

The Mechanism of Formation and Display of Sacral-value Relations in the Language of Culture

The issue of mutual understanding of cultures is today more relevant than ever and requires careful, deep and comprehensive consideration. This issue does not lie in the plane of one knowledge's direction, but is located in the interdisciplinary field in a complex interweaving of different scientific directions. Today it is an obvious fact that cultures touch each other by ideas and the way of worldview. The world picture of any cultural community is built on clots of ideas. Ideas arise in the human psychic field and are reflected in language through a special mechanism created by a culture, which stores and transmits the way of its worldview for the next generations. The psychic field, unlike the external environment, which consists of a multitude of random factors, is a field of certainty. In the field of certainty, the first sacred-value links between man and the world around him began to emerge and to be established at the dawn of the culture's origin. The first connections were unprecedented, because they formed basic thought-forms and served as an impetus for the creation of a mechanism for their fixation and transmission. This mechanism is based on thought forms, thought images, mental templates and language. If thought-forms are universal for any culture, then the filling of thought-forms with thought images and the formation of mental templates on their basis, as samples for perception and understanding of the culture's value reality, occurs individually in each culture. Acting together they create a special way of worldview, which is represented in any form of culture: language, painting etc. All subsequent ideas in a culture are realised through the way of worldview created by it and arise on the basis of the world's value picture, which was built on the first sacral-value relations. In non-written languages, ideas are not conceptualised. They may exist disparately, but within a value picture of the world. Ideas are conceptualised in written language, which leads to the emergence of the ideology's prototype. The first written languages, while extending to cultures that were in contact proximity, or that were part of one large community, it was not able to fully conceptualise the value systems already existing within the culture. Written language was able to absorb such meanings, but was unable to assimilate or change the mental templates, and the value picture of the world built on them, of these cultures. Mental templates and ways of worldview are not influenced from outside and individualise cultures.

Closer to My Dreams: Exploring Black Women’s Graduate School Aspirations and Community Uplift Through a Community Cultural Wealth and Black Feminist Approach

ABSTRACT This qualitative study analyzed what shaped the aspirations of Black women graduate student alumnae to earn advanced degrees. Using an assets-based conceptual framework of Community Cultural Wealth and Black Feminist Thought, findings suggested that the aspirational capital of Black women alumnae who obtained advanced degrees was fueled by other familial, navigational, resistance, and social capital and that they also implemented notions of Black feminisms within their trajectories into graduate education. Additionally, by bridging Community Cultural Wealth and Black Feminist Thought, the data suggests a new form of capital, which we call community uplift capital, that is rooted in elevating one’s community, family, and culture. The findings have implications for the recruitment and retention of Black graduate students and for stakeholders associated with graduate education matriculation.

Implementation of Policy for Supervision and Control of Sales of Alcoholic Beverages in Jayapura City, Papua Province

The circulation of alcoholic drinks in Jayapura City is increasingly widespread and can even be said to be out of control. Alcoholic drinks are openly sold in shophouses adjacent to housing or residential areas of community members. The implementation of the Regional Regulation on Alcoholic Drinks in Jayapura City has not been successful in lowering the amount of alcoholic beverages in circulation. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors impede the implementation of the policy for supervision and control of sales of alcoholic beverages in Jayapura City, Papua Province, as well as issues pertaining to its implementation throughout the city. Descriptive and qualitative research methods were employed in this study. Techniques for documentation, interviews, and observation were used to gather data. The findings of the study demonstrate that this strategy may be effective provided it is backed by thorough and unambiguous policy text as well as an environment that is favorable to its implementation, such as agency cooperation, community involvement, and enough funding. However, a number of obstacles prevent theJayapura City's application of this policy, including economic and political interests that support the sustainability of the alcohol industry, a community culture that considers alcohol to be part of social tradition, as well as limited human resources and budget for effective supervision. Apart from that, the lack of understanding and consistency of implementing officials in enforcing policies is also a big challenge

A Look at the Maritime Culture of the Coastal Communities of Muncar Harbor

Indonesia is an archipelago that is closely related to maritime activities. Muncar Harbor is one of the maritime centers known as the largest fish producer in East Java. This study aims to examine the maritime culture of the coastal community of Muncar Harbor, which has distinctive characteristics and has been inherited from their ancestors, such as their expertise in catching fish, building boats, and performing rituals to honor the sea that has provided life for them. The author uses various literary studies research techniques, including literature studies, and the stages of historical writing, as well as heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography in the form of written sources that form the framework of this research. The results show that the culture of the muncar community that has been passed down for generations has experienced acculturation between local culture and Islam. Nevertheless, culture for them is not just a habit but also a way for humans to survive.

Sustainable Craft Culture: Socio‐Cultural Drivers and Economic Impact on Sustainable Development

ABSTRACTThe craft culture of West Bengal, India, is deeply rooted in rich socio‐cultural traditions and plays a crucial role in advancing economic development and sustainability. This study explores the intricate socio‐cultural drivers that shape West Bengal's craft culture and examines their profound impact on sustainable development. The research delves into the historical, religious, and social dynamics that influence both the commercialization and preservation of traditional crafts. The qualitative study was performed using Grounded Theory and laddering technique, which highlighted the significance of cultural preservation, identity, and community engagement while illuminating the close relationship between craftspeople and their trade. The quantitative study highlights that the craft industry is influenced by eight major factors. It was further identified that the factors having the major impact were Perceived Cultural Preservation, Perceived Cultural Identity, Community Engagement, and Education and Awareness, highlighting the crucial role these areas play in maintaining and advancing West Bengal's craft culture. When considered collectively, the studies offer a thorough grasp of the cultural relevance influencing West Bengal's artisan traditions. By bridging the gap between cultural preservation and economic imperatives, this study provides a comprehensive framework for supporting the resilience and vitality of traditional crafts in the contemporary global landscape.

Research on the Design of WeChat Applet of Persimmon Dye Culture from The Perspective of Scenario Construction

With the rapid development of information technology, the dissemination and preservation of traditional culture face new opportunities and challenges. This study aims to explore design strategies for a WeChat Mini Program focused on persimmon dyeing culture, to promote the inheritance and development of this intangible cultural heritage. Through user needs analysis, a user experience design framework based on contextual theory was constructed, and a Mini Program was developed that integrates cultural display, education, community interaction, and immersive experiences. The results highlight the importance of contextual construction in enhancing cultural experiences and user engagement, providing a reference for the digital transformation of other traditional cultures. The study explores the characteristics and direction of contextual construction in the design of the persimmon dyeing Mini Program, introduces key points in the program's development, and analyzes its current state and future development trends, offering support for the growth of persimmon dyeing traditional culture.

Indigenous traditions and the impact of war: An analysis of N. Scott Momaday’s House Made of Dawn

Purpose: This study analyzes indigenous traditions and the impact of war on N. Scott Momaday’s novel House Made of Dawn. This study aims to understand how the narrative portrays the struggles of Native American identity and cultural survival in the post-World War II era. Research methodology: A qualitative literary analysis approach was employed, focusing on thematic analysis, character study, and the cultural context. The analysis examined primary and secondary sources, such as literary criticism and historical accounts, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the novel’s themes. Results: The analysis revealed that the novel intricately weaves indigenous traditions with traumatic experiences of war. The protagonist, Abel, embodies the conflict between Native American heritage and the alienation caused by modern society and war. The novel depicts the resilience of indigenous culture through rituals, storytelling, and community support, highlighting the healing process of individuals and communities. Limitations: This study’s narrow focus on a single novel may not fully represent the broader spectrum of Native American literature or experiences. Additionally, reliance on existing literary criticism may introduce bias, based on the interpretations of other scholars. Contribution: This paper enhances the understanding of how indigenous traditions and the impact of war are portrayed in the Native American literature. This underscores the importance of cultural preservation and the role of literature in addressing historical and contemporary issues faced by indigenous communities. This study also offers insights into the healing power of cultural practices and community solidarity in the face of adversity.

The effects of intersectional identity affirmation on the relationship between racist or heterosexist microaggressions and mental health for LGBTQ+ people of color

ABSTRACT Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people of colour (POC) live at the intersection of multiple marginalised statuses. While previous literature has linked positive, affirmed identity with better mental health for LGBTQ+ individuals, identity affirmation may be compromised by intersecting systems of oppression. This study 1) investigated how multiple intersecting forms of oppression (i.e. racism within LGBTQ+ communities and heterosexism within ethnoracial communities) relate to anxiety and depression for LGBTQ+ POC, and 2) examined the indirect effects of intersectional microaggressions on mental health through identity cohesion. A subsample of participants who identified as both a member of the LGBTQ+ community and person of colour (N = 417) was drawn from an extant dataset. Mediation models tested direct and indirect effects of intersectional microaggressions on anxiety and on depression. Analyses revealed direct effects of intersectional microaggressions on both anxiety and depression (t ranged from 7.86 to 8.31, all p-values < .001), as well as significant indirect effects of both forms of microaggressions on depression via the pathway of lowered levels of cohesion. Racism within LGBTQ+ communities and heterosexism within ethnic or cultural communities may undermine the protective effect of intersectional identity cohesion, thus, contributing to poorer mental health outcomes for LGBTQ+ POC.

Beyond attraction: Unveiling Bali's cultural community's role in bolstering tourism resilience amidst the COVID-19 pandemic

The unique culture of a society is often used as the basis for developing tourism. However, cultural research attached to society seems to only see it as a ‘package,’ not the main essence of that culture. In the context of a crisis, especially the Covid-19 pandemic, Balinese culture has developed into a tool for building resilient tourism. This assumption serves as the foundational premise for this research, aimed at mapping and identifying the variables driving tourism community resilience. The research focuses on Bali, Indonesia's premier tourist destination, and engages six types of tourism stakeholders. Employing a modified approach that combines soft system methodology (SSM) and network analysis, several insights emerge regarding establishing tourism community resilience. The social-cultural dimension, particularly social collectivism, appears as a pivotal factor for the resurgence of tourism during times of crisis. Social collectivism plays a role in restoring resilience cycles in the context of sustainable tourism. The result recommended that it is crucial to comprehend destinations at various levels, ranging from the individual to the state level, to attain tourism community resilience. Establishing sustainable tourism does not imply the centralization of tourism but rather focuses on integrating tourism seamlessly into the existing social-ecological system.

London Dubstep Culture in an Online Discord Community

London Dubstep Culture in an Online Discord Community

Contesting Notions of Cultural Purity: Analysis of Yvonne Owuor’s Dust and The Dragonfly Sea

There is usually a pronounced tendency to venerate one's ethnic or communal culture and to abominate any perceived intrusions of other people's cultures. Trumpeting the pristineness of communal roots, traditionalists spread the belief in the mythic purity of their past and the intolerance of anyone or anything foreign that threatens its further existence. They feel duty-bound to protect the traditional culture from foreign influences. They do not appreciate mixed ethnic and cultural heritage; they think of themselves as pure in their ethnic and cultural origins. They are not open to borrowing foreign ideas and institutions that are considered the basis of contemporary cultures. Yet, there is always a masked recognition of mixed heritage. Cultural debates cannot be divorced from foreign influences. This study explores the contestation of the notions of cultural purity in Owuor's Dust and The Dragonfly Sea. Through the construction of narratives of experience, the lived and told stories re-imagined in the two literary works emphasize the diversity of cultural identities that are negotiated within personal, historical, and situational contexts. The study acknowledges that literature is a mirror of society, and contemporary literary works not only provide a lens through which the question of cultural construction can be understood. This study examines Yvonne Owuor's two novels to explore her representation of these post-colonial debates on cultural purity. The objective of this study is to demonstrate how notions of cultural purity are contested in Dust and Dragonfly Sea. The study employs the post-colonial literary theory. The main characters' experiences in Owuor's Dust and The Dragonfly Sea demonstrate that cultural purity is a mirage. The phrase 'cultural purity' is in itself oxymoronic. No culture can be divorced completely from other cultures. A culture contains many influences from other cultures. Even that which is considered a traditional or single culture has adopted a trait or practice from another in the past. Resistance to change, as exhibited in some traditional cultures emanating from the fear of extinction, are misgivings that hardly last for long. These so-called traditional cultures do not lose all their characteristics; rather, they borrow things from other cultures and evolve to accommodate new realities. The results of this study will be particularly significant because it will serve as a key reference point for post-colonial scholars with biases towards cultural fluidity.

First Nations Peoples' perspectives on telehealth physiotherapy: a qualitative study focused on the therapeutic relationship.

Relationships are the core of Indigenous Peoples' spiritual and cultural identities, and therapeutic relationships are an integral part of the physical rehabilitation process, directly influencing health outcomes. However, participating in therapeutic relationships can be difficult for First Nations Peoples, particularly in the virtual landscape. There is limited understanding of First Nations Peoples' perspectives on this issue, and this understanding is crucial to developing culturally safe and effective telehealth physiotherapy programs. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the perspectives of First Nations Peoples from British Columbia, Canada, on telehealth physiotherapy, with an emphasis on the virtual therapeutic relationship. A narrative qualitative study that utilized one-on-one, semistructured interviews was conducted with 19 First Nations adults from remote and rural First Nations communities in north-central British Columbia, Canada. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using an inductive approach to reflexive thematic analysis. Three themes emerged from data analysis. 'Therapist's attitude and rapport' captures participants' perceptions of what matters the most in how physiotherapists relate to First Nations Peoples and carry out their work. 'Remote nature of virtual care' encompasses the main challenges of virtual care visits, particularly how these were perceived to impact establishing and maintaining solid therapeutic relationships. 'Fostering culturally appropriate and safe telehealth physiotherapy' focuses on what is needed to advance telehealth physiotherapy in a manner that respects and reflects First Nations cultures, equipping all involved parties to provide comprehensive and sensitive services. Our findings advocate a hybrid model that combines in-person and telehealth visits to address communication barriers and the absence of physical interaction. Bridging the digital health literacy gap through training and collaboration with local support staff is crucial (as it is to bridge the possible cultural literary gap of therapists), and the incorporation of cultural elements holds promise for enhancing the engagement and effectiveness of telehealth services in these communities. The pursuit of equitable health care for First Nations communities demands not only increased access but also a thoughtful, culturally safe, trauma-informed, and holistic approach. This approach must be tailored to the unique needs of First Nations Peoples, emphasizing the integration of cultural elements and community support. A hybrid model combining in-person and telehealth visits is recommended to address logistical challenges and enhance the therapeutic relationship, ensuring that care is both effective and respectful of cultural values and practices.

Deficit to Asset Thinking: An Exploration of Incorporating Community Cultural Wealth on Preservice Teachers’ Mindsets

This qualitative inquiry examined how using Yosso’s community cultural wealth (2005) model as a framework in a 16-week teacher-education course focused on home, schools, and communities which supported the development of 24 preservice teachers’ equity mindsets in relation to these spaces. To examine the nature of preservice teachers’ viewpoints, the following data sources were collected: a researcher-developed survey with open-ended questions based on Yosso’s model used as a pre- and post- survey, reflection assignments, and semi-structured interviews. These data were analyzed using priori coding based on the Equity Mindset Framework (Nadelson et al., 2019). Analysis revealed that Yosso’s community cultural wealth model provided a framework for preservice teachers to develop all eight attributes of an equity mindset to some degree, but three of those attributes were developed at a higher level: development of culturally relevant practices and thinking, the importance of understanding and knowing student populations, and taking responsibility for student success. This research has implications for teacher educators, as it provides guidance for a practical way to enhance preservice teachers’ equity mindset.

INTEGRASI TEKNOLOGI LOKAL DALAM PEMANENAN RESIN DAMAR: STUDI KASUS BUDAYA PEMANENAN DI DESA PAHMUNGAN, LAMPUNG

Damar resin harvesting tools play an important role in the preservation of local community traditions and culture, economy and environmental sustainability. The purpose of the study was to examine the tools in the harvesting of damar resin in Pahmungan Village, Pesisir Barat Regency, Lampung Province. A qualitative approach is an option in this research. In-depth interviews, participant observation and documentation study were conducted for data collection, then examined to explain the production tools used by the community in damar resin harvesting. The results of the study show that harvesting activities start from the selection of trees to harvest. Harvesting is carried out at regular intervals, about 20 to 30 days, to ensure the resin produced is optimal and of high quality. Good harvesting techniques are carried out so that the quality of resin and the survival of resin trees are maintained. Resin harvesting is carried out using traditional tools. The tools used are axe, basket, ambon, and bebalang. Its use is part of a cross-generational culture that needs to be preserved for its sustainability. The use of resin harvesting tools is part of the community's culture, because it reflects its identity and knowledge. This is the result of interaction with their agroforestry land. Some of the tools have been changed, due to difficulties in obtaining raw materials and practical reasons; for example: the use of plastic buckets that replace basket made of rattan.