Root Cultures Research Articles

СОРТ ВИНОГРАДА ПИНО НУАР В УСЛОВИЯХ НИЖНЕГО ПРИДОНЬЯ

The purpose of research is to analyze data obtained over two periods of studying the Pinot noir grape variety under the changing climate of Novocherkassk, Rostov Region. Research was carried out at the Don ampelographic collection named after Ya.I. Potapenko according to generally accepted methods in viticulture and GOST standards. Data were analyzed for two five-year observation periods: the first – 1981–1985 and the second – 2016–2020. The interval between periods was 30 years. The periods differed in the method of cultivation and planting pattern. In the first period, the variety was studied in its own root culture with a planting scheme of 2 × 1.5 m, in the second period the bush culture was grafted on the rootstock Berlandieri × Riparia Kober 5BB with a planting scheme of 3 × 1.5 m. During both periods, the variety was studied in a covered culture. Data on agrobiological indicators, productivity, crop condition, and tasting assessment of the wine are presented. The preservation of buds in the covering bank by period was 62.3 and 78.6 %, respectively. The excess of the Pinot noir variety in the second period in terms of average bunch weight was 55 g. The productivity of the shoot was 2.9 times, and the yield was 1.9 times higher than in the first period. The average sugar content in the 1st and 2nd periods was at the level of 21.7–23 g/100 cm3 with a titratable acidity of 8.1–7.8 g/dm3. A comparative analysis of the climatic conditions of the periods showed that in the summer months of the second period there were changes towards an increase in temperature and a decrease in the amount of precipitation. Climate change did not have a negative impact on economic and biological traits. The variety has increased: the percentage of blossom¬ming buds, fruitful shoots, average bunch weight, yield, sugar content in berry juice. The potential for producing wine with good organoleptic properties remains.

Research on Important Discourses on Socialist Consultative Democracy in the New Era

General Secretary clearly pointed out that consultative democracy is an important way to realize the Party's leadership style. The formation and development and maturity of socialist consultative democracy in the new era has a deep theoretical origin, which was gradually developed on the basis of criticizing the western consultative democracy theory; it is a consultative democracy in conformity with Marxism; it has deep roots in traditional Chinese culture; and it is the collective essence of successive generations of leaders. In the century-long journey from the founding to 2021, Chinese-style consultative democracy has its own unique advantages and characteristics, and in exploring the path of consultative democracy, it is also different from the Western path of consultative democracy, with Chinese characteristics in nature.

THE ROLE OF HISTORICAL ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SENSE OF HOMELAND AMONG MODERN STUDENTS (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN)

This article explores the role of historical architectural monuments in developing a sense of homeland among modern students in the Republic of Karakalpakstan. By examining key examples the study highlights how these structures serve as tangible connections to the region's cultural and historical heritage. The article investigates how engagement with these monuments enhances students' understanding of their cultural roots, fosters a sense of belonging, and promotes civic pride.

Controversies of Javanese Style Murattal among Nahdlatul Ulama Figures

This study aims to compare perspectives on Javanese-style murottal among Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) figures. NU, with its strong cultural roots, tends to adopt the Javanese style in its engagement with the Quran, viewing it as an infrastructure that can be integrated with local values. However, NU figures have differing perspectives on the phenomenon of combining the Javanese style with Quranic recitation. This study involves content analysis and literature review, as well as the examination of lectures on social media to understand their approach to the Quran in the Javanese cultural context. The results of this study can provide a more comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of Islamic thought in Indonesia, particularly in addressing the Javanese-style murottal from the perspective of NU figures. Thus, this study aims to offer deeper insights into the diversity of Islamic understanding within the Javanese cultural context in Indonesia.

IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF AFGHANISTAN (THE CASE OF SOFT POWER)

Among the topics of modern international relations, the issue of "soft power" is one of the most studied current topics. The processes taking place in the system of international relations show that today the tasks of influencing people's world view, penetrating deeply into the internal cultural roots of societies, and making effective use of the large-scale power of the media are important conditions for conducting foreign policy. This article highlights the soft power of Turkey, which was able to create a unique phenomenon in Afghanistan by combining elements of historical, religious, cultural and ethnic affinity, and the structures that implement it.

Intercultural Awareness Through Indonesian Gastronomy with European Flavours in The Midst of Plurilingualism Political Framework

In the midst of a multicultural society, cultivating intercultural awareness is a part of the political framework of plurilingualism, as European linguistic policy is based on a multilingual phenomenon. Plurilingualism is a renewal of the individual's ability to communicate on paralinguistic and paratextual aspects and develop intercultural skills, likely their cultural roots. This political hegemony unwittingly developed massively before the infiltration of French language in Indonesia through flavour contact in the form of gastro diplomacy. Starting with the European cookery heritage in Indonesia, this study aims to explore the presence of European flavours in culinary development to set up the attitudes of respect and understanding of the uniqueness of language culture based on French language learners. In addition to intercultural communication skills, this term contains nationalism as a political goal of plurilingualism, which ideally can eliminate cultural contestation. Therefore, the research methods are document studies, observations, and questionnaires, which aim to explore the existence of intercultural flavours as a form of cultural contact, authenticate cultural knowledge, build intercultural awareness, and diplomatic efforts from French language didactic. The result is a significant change, increasing interest in learning French, and also the development of national identity through knowledge, skills and behaviour as a part of intercultural awareness with authentic language materials.

Balancing Act: India's 'Look West' Policy in the Context of Saudi-Iran Rivalry

India's Look West policy was initiated by Manmohan Singh, but Narendra Modi successfully implemented it in 2014. To establish friendly relations with Middle Eastern countries of oil-rich nations. During the Cold War period, India and Arab countries did not have a good relationship because India was part of the non-aligned countries and another problem was the Kashmiri issue and Pakistan Arab countries were diversifying their economy and finding new opportunities and challenges which impacted their foreign policy India and west Asia had cultural roots and trade linkages from ancient times The main objective of India look West policy to improve cultivate a good relationship with GCC countries and Israel and Iran. Saudi Arabia and Iran both are strategic partners to India and advancing it interests in energy security, economic integration, and strategic partnership to avoid conflict between these two countries. by using this opportunity, India wants to leverage the economic interest and maintain their influence in this region .the presence of the Indian diaspora in Gulf countries particularly in Saudi Arabia adds complexity which impacts foreign policy decisions. The US sanctions on Iran and the growing influence of China in Iran and Saudi Arabia became a challenge to India to maintain their sphere of influence in this region, but also to improve diplomatic relationships with Gulf countries.

Strategies to enhanced production of biomass and natural antioxidants of <i>Cichorium intybus</i> L. hairy roots by using nanoparticle elicitors

This study describes the influence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on the biomass and phytochemical production in the hairy root (HR) cultures of Cichorium intybus L. The HRs were grown in ½ Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose (30 g/L) and AgNPs or SeNPs at two selected concentrations for 25 days on the shaker at 110 rpm in the dark. The results showed that SeNPs stimulated HR growth whereas AgNPs inhibited it at both concentrations used. Peroxidase activity was higher than catalase activity. In most cases, the antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher in the HRs elicited by elicitors than in control HRs. The activities of catalase and peroxidase reached their highest levels at approximately 16.7 and 486.4 u/mg protein, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity was highest in the HRs elicited by AgNPs. AgNPs (3.25 and 1.5625 mg/L) elicited HR extracts had significantly enhanced the production of total phenolic, and total flavonoid contents compared to the control HR extracts. The maximum total phenolic content was 87.04 ± 6.23 mg/g gallic equivalent, and it was 139.03 ± 3.56 mg/g ascorbic acid equivalent in total flavonoid content in the HRs elicited by AgNPs. The HRs elicited by SeNPs produce an average amount of total phenolic, flavonoid, and DPPH radical scavenging activity which were also significantly higher than those produced by control HRs. The results from our study suggested the effectiveness of the elicitation process in enhancing the root biomass, total phenolic, and flavonoid content. NPs-elicited Chicory HRs offered an effective and favorable in vitro method to improve the production of bioactive compounds for potential uses in pharmaceutical industries.

Vegetable Recipe Variations in Urban and Periurban Bangladesh: Recipe Survey, Recipe Standardization, And Nutrient Analysis

Recipe variation has social, economic, geographical, cultural, and other roots. The Analysis of each recipe’s composition is not plausible from a chemical as well as an economic point of view. Instead, a standardized recipe from a set of similar recipes could be ideal for cooking and chemical analysis of the nutrient composition of cooked recipes. This type of data has been found to be scanty in conventional food composition tables (FCT) across the globe. Recipe calculation from raw ingredients has always been problematic because cooking is regarded as an unpredictable process on every occasion. Therefore, analysis of cooked recipes is preferred for FCTs which are used for more authentic and accurate in menu planning for individual or community health purposes. The present study seeks to partially fill the information gap on compositional data for vegetable and leafy vegetable recipes consumed by the lower to middle-income urban and peri-urban households of Bangladesh because they have been observed to be the main consumer of these recipes. The study was conducted into three phases. In phase I, a recipe survey was conducted among purposely selected housewives (n=100) representing Dhaka (n=33), Rangpur (n=37), Rajshahi (n=18) and Chattogram (n=12) divisions. In phase II, 10 selected homemade vegetable and leafy vegetable recipes were selected and standardized from the most cited recipe list obtained from consecutive recipe surveys. In phase III, chemical analyses for proximate nutrients were carried out followed by compilation of vitamin and mineral values from local and global food composition databases. The result revealed that the Moisture, Ash, Protein, Fat, Total Dietary Fiber and Available Carbohydrate content (g/100 g) and Calorie of the samples ranged from 71.57-83.68%, 1.30-4.94%, 1.17-5.86%, 0.20-9.18%, 2.63-7.28%, 1.43-14.66%, and 64.94 to 126.28 Kcal respectively. Method validation and analytical quality assurance program was carried out along with all standard operating procedure (SOP) to ensure quality data generation. Therefore, the data obtained in this study can be taken as reliable data which will enrich the food composition database of Bangladesh. Bioresearch Commu. 10(2): 1565-1572, 2024 (July)

The Cultural Roots of Gender Bias and Horizontal Hostility in the Workplace

A healthy workplace is an environment where everyone can work peacefully with both sexes, regardless of their roles as leaders, subordinates, or colleagues. Unfortunately, achieving this ideal remains elusive, and the situation is more challenging for women, due to their underrepresentation in many industries. Studies have revealed that especially women in management positions are subject to biased evaluations by their subordinates, colleagues, and managers. A deep understanding of the cultural underpinnings is essential to fully grasp the existence, prevalence and influence of gender bias in the workplace. Thus, this study aims to impartially investigate the cultural factors that may shape employees' preferences for the gender of their managers, alongside exploring potential biases towards managerial gender from a cultural standpoint. To achieve the research goals, an open-ended survey was administered to 302 professionals in Istanbul. The results indicate a prevalent bias against female managers by individuals of both genders. Moreover, the study uncovers that women are prone to harboring more prejudiced views towards their female peers and superiors. These insights are analyzed through a cultural lens, and recommendations for management are proposed.

Improvement of sulforaphane production in hairy root cultures of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) by eliciting Myrosinase gene expression and its effect on breast cancer cells

Plant-derived hairy root cultures have the potential to be a significant biotechnological tool for producing valuable secondary metabolite compounds. This study deals with the production of broccoli’s hairy root cultures via the mediation of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and investigates the effects of different concentrations of copper sulfate (CuSO4) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) as two elicitors on the production of sulforaphane in broccoli's hairy root. The expression of the Myrosinase (MY) gene, associated with sulforaphane production, was quantified using real-time PCR. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of different treatments of sulforaphane on the breast cancer cell line, MDA-MB-231, was estimated and the transcription levels of apoptosis-associated genes were also determined. The highest amount of sulforaphane was produced at 4 µM CuSO4 after 16 h and 16 µM ZnSO4 after 8 h of elicitation. Overexpression of the MY gene was found to be associated with increased production of sulforaphane. All sulforaphane treatments induced a dose-dependent reduction in the viability of cancer cells. The sulforaphane extracted from broccoli's hairy roots treated with CuSO4 exerted a higher cytotoxic effect on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line than the sulforaphane extracted from broccoli's hairy root treated with ZnSO4. All treatments of sulforaphane up-regulated the Apoptosis Regulator (Bax) gene, Proapoptotic Bcl2 Associated X, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9, while down-regulating the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene (antiapoptotic) transcription. The overall results showed an antiapoptotic effect of sulforaphane extract derived from broccoli's hairy roots on MDAMB-231 breast cancer cells, thereby establishing the potential anticancer activity of the sulforaphane produced in broccoli's hairy root cultures.

Enhancement of anti-cancer compounds in fungal elicited-Oldenlandia umbellata culture.

Our study focused on enhancing the production of anthraquinone derivatives in Oldenlandia umbellata using fungal elicitors. Aspergillus niger, Mucor prayagensis, and Trichoderma viride were used to elicit the anthraquinone derivatives in root cultures. The elicitation process led to an increase in the production of phytochemicals and secondary metabolites, with the highest total protein content observed in A. niger-elicited plants. We performed qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the 80% methanol extract of the plants. Using reverse phase-ultra-fast liquid chromatography, we identified and quantified five anthraquinone compounds: aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and alizarin. The in vitro root samples elicited with A. niger and M. prayagensis exhibited four and three anthraquinone derivatives, respectively, whereas those elicited with T. viride showed only two derivatives. Interestingly, chrysophanol content was the highest in A. niger-elicited root samples. We constructed a system pharmacology framework consisting of 40 nodes and 45 edges with 34 interacting genes. We also identified human proteins that interact with these derivatives, and inferred their roles in cancer-associated pathways. These anthraquinone derivatives interact with various proteins in multiple pathways, including apoptosis, human cytomegalovirus infection, proteoglycans in cancer, MAPK signaling, and hepatitis C, highlighting their potential therapeutic applications in cancer treatment.

Performance Techniques and Insights of the Guzheng Concerto “Chan Ge”

This paper explores the performance techniques and insights gained from playing Wang Jianmin’s guzheng concerto “Chan Ge.” By examining the concerto’s literary background, overall structure, and musical elements, the study reveals the intricate connections between the modern guzheng composition and classical literature. This approach aids performers and listeners in comprehending the cultural roots and messages behind the guzheng piece. From a performer’s perspective, the study analyzes “Chan Ge” in terms of its compositional background, tuning, structure, and performance techniques, highlighting its artistic features. Furthermore, the study delves into the cultural significance of the piece, examining the interplay between tradition and innovation, as well as individuality and universality. It showcases how the integration of Chinese and Western elements is reflected in the composition. This study helps deepen the understanding of Wang Jianmin’s compositional style and aims to promote China’s rich musical heritage, contributing to the flourishing of guzheng art in China. Moreover, it seeks to enhance the promotion and preservation of traditional guzheng music culture, providing valuable reference materials for guzheng performers.

Different carbon sources and their concentrations affect alkaloid accumulation in transformed root cultures of Catharanthus roseus

Different carbon sources and their concentrations affect alkaloid accumulation in transformed root cultures of Catharanthus roseus

Integritas Kepemimpinan Pastoral di Era Postmodern Menurut 2 Timotius 2:14-25

The development of technology and information in the global era will have a major influence on human life. Modernist culture has become the choice of the wider community over conventional cultures. Sometimes society loses the social glue that has been the root of culture, which is replaced with the emergence of social media. Apart from that, the development of this technology also has a bad influence on moral ethics, norms and rules in society. However, this development also provides positive insight into the emergence of new leaders, especially leaders in the spiritual world or pastoral leaders who must maintain their integrity. The methodology in this writing uses an exposition approach by paying attention to the verses of God's word contained in 2 Tim 2:14-25, to get practical application from the figure of a pastoral leader with integrity who keeps his life in accordance with the truth of God's word and by asking for the guidance of the Holy Spirit so that he can protect accountability which has a good influence in the postmodern world.

Aesthetics Asu Sengi Temple

The Indonesian nation is rich in tradition and history. The historical cultural heritage spread widely from Sabang to Merauke shows that Indonesia is a great nation that has cultural historical roots since ancient times. One of the historical and cultural relics includes temples, sacred buildings which became icons of Indonesian civilization until the 17th century. The temple is an iconic building that is proof of the greatness of the Indonesian nation because it was built with high architectural calculations and technology and has a religious meaning that is rich in transcendental values. The temple is an ancient site in the form of a building that functions as a place of worship for followers of Hinduism and Buddhism. Temples are places of dharma, or burial places for certain kings, for example Kidal Temple, which is identified as the dharma of King Anusapati, while Candi Singosari is identified as the Dharma of Kertanegara as Shiva. However, in the Central Java and Yogyakarta regions, temples usually function as places of worship where Hindus and Buddhists carry out religious rituals. Nowadays, the temple functions more as a historical site that can attract tourists, both local and foreign.

Enhancing the aervine and methylaervine production in in vitro cultures of Aerva javanica (Burm. F.) Schult via elicitors and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures

Enhancing the aervine and methylaervine production in in vitro cultures of Aerva javanica (Burm. F.) Schult via elicitors and Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures

The Movement of Sundanese Karawitan Artist in the Indie Music From the Perspectiv of Music Sociology

This research delves into the attitudes and perspectives of Sundanese karawitan artists toward the indie music movement through the lens of music sociology. Employing qualitative methodologies such as literature review and fieldwork, the study reveals that these artists do not merely act as preservers of cultural heritage but also actively adapt and integrate their traditional music into the indie music scene. As pivotal figures, they engage in collaborations with global elements within the indie world, making substantial contributions to the evolution of indie music. This active participation fosters a unique harmony that mirrors the diverse and dynamic nature of Indonesian culture. The study offers a comprehensive analysis of how Sundanese karawitan artists interact with and influence the indie music scene. Their involvement is not just a preservation of traditional art forms but a dynamic adaptation that enriches both their cultural heritage and the broader indie music movement. By blending traditional and contemporary elements, these artists create innovative music that appeals to a global audience while retaining its cultural roots. Furthermore, this research highlights the significant role of Sundanese karawitan artists in the indie music scene, showcasing their ability to navigate between tradition and modernity. Their contributions reflect a broader trend in the Indonesian music landscape where traditional art forms are not static but are continually evolving and adapting to new contexts and influences. This dynamic interplay between tradition and innovation is crucial for the sustainability and growth of both traditional and indie music genres in Indonesia.

Mountain Captivity and Its Impact on the Marital, Family, and Religious Life of the North Caucasus Border Population in the First Half of the 19th Century

The article reveals the features of North Caucasian everyday life in the first half of the 19th century and the fate of people who suffered from the raids of the highlanders. The main attention is paid to the consequences of the destruction of families as a result of the loss of one of the spouses who was captured. The practice of entering into a new marriage and the attitudes of the Church to allowing a second wedding is shown. Based on the materials identified and first introduced into scientific circulation, the process of verifying the information presented in the petition for the conclusion of a new union, and the final result of such a procedure, is demonstrated. Participants in such proceedings included both men who had lost their wives and women who had forfeited their spouses and lost hope of their return from captivity in the mountains. The fate of children who found themselves in a foreign ethnic environment and over time left out their former national and religious identity is presented. Once acculturated, they often remained among their captors, adopting their lifestyle and mental attitudes. There were also examples of returning to one’s cultural roots, including in matters of faith. Religious affiliation was considered as the most important element of a person’s self-identification. The Church sought to preserve its flock and in this it found support from the official authorities.

Modifications in gene expression and phenolic compounds content by methyl jasmonate and fungal elicitors in Ficus carica. Cv. Siah hairy root cultures

BackgroundOne of the most effective strategies to increase phytochemicals production in plant cultures is elicitation. In the present study, we studied the effect of abiotic and biotic elicitors on the growth, key biosynthetic genes expression, antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds content in Rhizobium (Agrobacterium) rhizogenes-induced hairy roots cultures of Ficus carica cv. Siah.MethodsThe elicitors included methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as abiotic elicitor, culture filtrate and cell extract of fungus Piriformospora indica as biotic elicitors were prepared to use. The cultures of F. carica hairy roots were exposed to elicitores at different time points. After elicitation treatments, hairy roots were collected, and evaluated for growth index, total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) content, antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power, FRAP assays), expression level of key phenolic/flavonoid biosynthesis genes, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of some main phenolic compounds in comparison to control.ResultsElicitation positively or negatively affected the growth, content of phenolic/flavonoid compounds and DPPH and FRAP antioxidant activities of hairy roots cultures in depending of elicitor concentration and exposure time. The maximum expression level of chalcone synthase (CHS: 55.1), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3’H: 34.33) genes and transcription factors MYB3 (32.22), Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH: 45.73) was induced by MeJA elicitation, whereas the maximum expression level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL: 26.72) and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT: 27.57) genes was obtained after P. indica culture filtrate elicitation. The P. indica elicitation also caused greatest increase in the content of gallic acid (5848 µg/g), caffeic acid (508.2 µg/g), rutin (43.5 µg/g), quercetin (341 µg/g), and apigenin (1167 µg/g) phenolic compounds.ConclusionsThis study support that elicitation of F. carica cv. Siah hairy roots can be considered as an effective biotechnological method for improved phenolic/flavonoid compounds production, and of course this approach requires further research.