Cultural Paradigm Shift Research Articles

POLEMIK WACANA KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA (KUA) MENJADI TEMPAT PERNIKAHAN DAN PENCATATAN SEMUA AGAMA

The idea of making the Office of Religious Affairs (Kantor Urusan Agama, KUA) a marriage registry for all religions in Indonesia has sparked significant debate. The Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) is a government institution responsible for the development and guidance of religious life in the community. The role of the KUA as a marriage registry for all religions has been the subject of intense debate in recent years. The Ministry of Religious Affairs' initiative to make the Office of Religious Affairs an inclusive center for religious services has attracted much controversy. This study aims to analyze the social and cultural impact of the implementation of the discourse, taking into account the potential for increased interfaith tolerance as well as the risk of conflict that may arise and analyzing the social and cultural impact of the implementation of the KUA as a place of marriage registration for all religions. The results show that this discourse raises pros and cons from various figures. If the KUA successfully transforms into an institution that serves all religions, it may trigger a cultural paradigm shift in society. People may become more open to other religious practices and reduce the negative stigma against religious minorities. This could be the first step towards a more inclusive society. On the other hand, there is a risk that integrating these services could lead to a blurring of each religion's identity. Some groups may feel that their religious traditions and practices are no longer valued or fully recognized in the context of these shared services. This research uses a type of normative legal research, which conducts research on library legal materials or secondary data. Normative legal research examines positive legal norms in the form of laws and regulations, this research explores the views of the community and religious leaders regarding the change in the function of the KUA, as well as the steps needed to implement this policy effectively

Exploring the Role of Traditional Chinese Values in Shaping Health Beliefs and Decision-making Process

Background: Traditional Chinese values are known to be embedded in the evolution of healthcare system and cause a cultural paradigm shift, impacting the medical decision-making process of individuals. The Chinese individuals are found to be largely influenced by their traditional and religious beliefs within the context of their health beliefs and medical decision-making. Aim: This study aimed to explore the role of traditional values among Chinese individuals in shaping health beliefs and decision-making. Method: For this study, a survey was conducted and a questionnaire was distributed among 2,600 Chinese residents in different rural as well as urban areas. The medical decision-making processes were categorized as collaborative decision-making and unilateral decision-making. "Binary logistic regression" analysis was implemented to determine the significant factors which might impact the associated medical decision-making frameworks.Results: The results obtained showed that 70% of the participants utilized collaborative decision- making while 30% of the participants incorporated unilateral decision-making. It was also observed that the participants with higher religious and traditional beliefs were more likely to incorporate unilateral decision- making process, while the individuals with higher education and occupational characteristics were likely to involve in collaborative medical decision-making process. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study shows that the religious and traditional beliefs of an individual also impact his/ her overall health beliefs as well as medical decision-making. The current study would be effective in providing important implications in order to improve the overall medical decision-making process of the individuals, influenced by religious beliefs.

Key Actions to Enable Automation for Mobile Network Security Operations

Over time, the landscape of Cyberspace surrounding Internet Service Providers (ISPs) has undergone enduring transformations. Notably, mobile networks, integral to contemporary societal infrastructure, consistently encounter evolving cybersecurity threats and risks. ISP processes have adapted with a persistent focus on optimizing network performance and availability, yet the challenges emerge from a laborious and protracted network change management process, hindering the practical automation of network security. Addressing the rightful demand for the highest level of security from mobile network users, our research question probes: "How can we intensify the emphasis on network security and facilitate the automation of network security operations?" To delve into this, we conducted extensive interviews with ISPs globally, affirming the inherent difficulty in automating security operations. The findings categorize challenges into three domains: Security Culture, Operational Processes, and Tools. Cultivating a security culture demands a pivotal commitment to change from top management, coupled with dedicated time and resources. Essential to this is the enhancement of security competence, extending beyond specialists to encompass network engineering staff. Robust network security not only safeguards against threats but significantly influences various business processes. Initiating a secure network requires ISPs to articulate explicit security requirements during the network procurement process, exerting pressure on vendors to fortify systems with a security-by-design approach at the factory. Critical to this is the secure deployment of networks, integrating comprehensive network hardening during the build phase. However, findings indicate a prevalent oversight where network security configuration changes are often neglected or deprioritized in favor of network performance. Achieving a harmonious balance between security and performance necessitates a predefined agreement on a network security configuration baseline. This collaborative effort involves network security specialists and competent network engineers. To effectively monitor and enforce network security configuration, ISPs require automation-enabled tools with the predefined baseline, offering capabilities for monitoring and enforcing network assets. In conclusion, our research emphasizes the imperative need for a paradigm shift in organizational culture, operational processes, and tool utilization to enhance the focus on network security and enable the critical automation of network security operations within the ever-evolving landscape of Cyberspace.

At any cost: a paradigm shift in the culture of caesarean section rate monitoring in the United Kingdom

Recent reviews into maternity safety in the United Kingdom (UK) have led to a paradigm shift in culture and policy around caesarean section (CS) rate monitoring. CS rates in the UK have risen considerably over the last few decades and, in this time, there has been national effort at the level of government to kerb such rises due to concerns about the associated morbidity, and the medicalisation of birth. However, recent findings from two landmark reviews raise concerns that the pursuit of low CS rates may have caused harm to patients in some instances, and this has led the UK government to recommend cessation of the use of total CS rates as performance metric for maternity services. Instead, it is proposed that such data be collected with use of the Robson classification. Ongoing appraisal of maternity safety will be required to evaluate the effect of these changes in future.

Toward Competitive Advantage: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Business Innovation and Entrepreneurial Success

The digital revolution of the past few decades has significantly transformed the business paradigm. One of the technologies dominating this change is artificial intelligence (AI). AI has opened new opportunities in the business field with its ability to process data rapidly and detect previously unseen patterns. The aim of this research is to identify the potential utilization of AI in enhancing operational efficiency and business innovation. The research method employed is a literature review with a qualitative approach. Data used are sourced from Google Scholar for the period from 2017 to 2024. The findings of this research indicate that in an increasingly competitive and dynamic digital era, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a key driver for companies aiming to remain relevant and successful in a constantly changing environment. The use of AI opens new opportunities and stimulates business innovation by enabling companies to optimize strategies, enhance operational efficiency, and create more personalized customer experiences. However, the utilization of AI also brings challenges and risks, including data privacy and security concerns, as well as biases in AI decision-making. To address these challenges, companies must focus on talent development, collaboration among stakeholders, and cultural and organizational paradigm shifts.

Learn, Unlearn and Relearn: Adaptive Cybersecurity Culture Model

In the ever-evolving cyberspace landscape, organisations face persistent threats that continuously mutate and adapt. To effectively defend against these dynamic cyber threats, a fundamental shift in cybersecurity culture is imperative. This paper presents a novel Adaptive Cybersecurity Culture Model (ACCM) that encapsulates the principles of "Learn, Unlearn, and Relearn" as a strategic stance to foster resilience and adaptability in the face of evolving cyber threats. The ACCM emphasizes the importance of continuous learning as the cornerstone of cybersecurity culture. It advocates the adoption of a growth mindset within organisations, encouraging employees to stay updated with emerging threats, technologies, and best practices. However, the model goes beyond mere learning; it underscores the significance of unlearning outdated practices and misconceptions that may hinder effective cybersecurity. Furthermore, the ACC model introduces the concept of "Relearn," emphasizing the need to rapidly adapt and evolve strategies and tactics in response to ever-changing cyber threats. It promotes a culture of agility and adaptability, enabling organisations to respond effectively to both known and unforeseen cyber challenges. The model presented in this paper draws from case studies of various industries to illustrate the successful adoption and transformation of cybersecurity culture using the Learn, Unlearn, and Relearn principles. The ACCM represents a paradigm shift in cybersecurity culture, acknowledging that the ability to adapt is as critical as the ability to protect. By fostering a culture of continuous learning, unlearning, and relearning, organisations can proactively enhance their cyber resilience and effectively defend against the ever-evolving cyber threat landscape. This paper provides a roadmap for organisations to embark on this transformative journey toward a more adaptive and resilient cybersecurity culture.

Digital art work and AI: a new paradigm for work in the contemporary art sector in China

This paper explores a paradigm shift in work culture in the contemporary art sector due to digital transition and the introduction of AI. New ways of working with AI and digital software are embedded and normalized in everyday Chinese artistic practices. This work includes new forms of creativity and efficiency, yet, simultaneously includes new types of digital labour. This paper conceptualizes this as “digital art work,” which draws attention to the often-overlooked aspects of artists’ work, particularly their everyday artistic practices that increasingly include digital software and AI. What is the role and position of the artist in an environment where digital software and AI are becoming more central in artistic creation? How do artists creatively (mis)use AI? What does this paradigm shift in work culture mean for the future of the artist’s role and the future of the contemporary art sector? This paper draws on 48 semi-structured interviews with visual artists and arts professionals, including painters, sculptors, mixed-media, and internet artists as well as contemporary art gallery owners, museum project directors, curators, and culture policymakers living and working in China during 2023. The findings show how Chinese artists are mastering AI and opening up new spaces for creativity and how the contemporary art sector in China has already transitioned to a new “digital way” in artistic creation. These findings can help to create policy around AI globally and provide solutions for the sustainability of the artist profession and the future of the contemporary art sector.

Fathers of Budapest, Daughters of the Countryside: Recontextualizing Cultural Change in Fin-de-Siècle Hungary

There is a historiographical consensus that there was a cultural paradigm shift in the first decade of the twentieth century in Hungary, though its exact characteristics have not been clearly defined. This article will demonstrate that there was a unifying theme in the works and philosophy of the generation that came to cultural relevance around 1905 which transcended ideological boundaries. The members of the new generation had a negative image of Budapest and idealized rural areas and rural communities. This essay will examine newspapers of the period, such as the Catholic Alkotmány (Constitution), the feminist A Nő és a Társadalom (Woman and Society), and the liberal Nyugat (The West) and argue that anti-Budapest sentiments and the idealization of the countryside were present in writings published in all of them. It will also show that novels from the period by Margit Kaffka and Terka Lux all revolve around criticism of Budapest and praise of the rural world.

THE AESTHETIC REGIME IN THE MODERN ERA: ART AND DISCOURSE ON ART

The article traces the changes in the aesthetic conventions of Modern art in accordance with the dynamics of literary development in Great Britain. The study focuses on three key areas: the impact of “the ancients and moderns” quarrel on European philosophical and literary thought; the nuances of critical and literary discourse in Enlightenment-era Great Britain; and the reception of the Enlightenment aesthetic values and novelties in Victorian criticism, linking them to the emergence of twentieth-century modernism. The subject involves the evolution of Enlightenment aesthetics and poetics in Great Britain, particularly the departure from classical art and literature models, and the emergence of concepts like imagination, novelty, and the reader’s subjective experience of art. Seminal literary-critical essays of the eighteenth century, including works by Joseph Addison, Henry Home, Richard Hurd, and Leslie Stephen’s monograph ‘History of English Thought in the Eighteenth Century”, are analyzed. The paper also examines philosophical texts by Michel de Montaigne, Francis Bacon, René Descartes, and Marquis de Condorcet to understand the oscillatory nature of philosophical thought before and during the Age of Enlightenment. The study contextualizes “the ancients and moderns” debate on models for literary excellence and accentuates its role in shaping the discourse of aesthetics and artistic creativity. Contributions by Enlightenment figures such as Addison, Home, and Hurd are explored, emphasizing how they reshaped the discourse of aesthetics by redefining the nature of beauty, the sublime, and the principles of artistic criticism, thereby influencing the literary and artistic productions of their time and beyond. Particular attention is paid to the critical views of Stephen who wrote about the “fluctuating mode” of the literature of the second half of the eighteenth century, illustrating his peculiar subjectivism as an exponent of the Victorian worldview (Stephen saw Sterne’s novels as a serious moral threat), and simultaneously reflecting the normative aesthetic views of the second half of the nineteenth century. The paper also demonstrates how the antinomianism in aesthetic thinking, which challenged traditional norms and values as seen in “the ancients and moderns” quarrel, was further evolved in the works of Friedrich Schiller and Friedrich Schlegel, the latter articulating the antinomy of “classic versus romantic”. This tradition of antinomian thinking, coupled with the rejection of the idea of linear progression in cultural evolution, a call for a reassessment of values amidst a paradigm shift in culture and the breakdown of traditional ethic and aesthetic systems, finds a notable and unique expression in Friedrich Nietzsche’s works, that significantly influenced the transition from Modernity to Postmodernity. In summary, it is argued that the Modern Age was the time of the emergence of a new aesthetic sensibility, and its aesthetic pluralism and anti-classical literary ideas were pivotal in redefining concepts of progress, novelty, and human consciousness in art and literature. This laid the groundwork for modernist art and literature, characterized by a departure from tradition and a quest for new artistic expressions of human experience.

HARNESSING BLOCKCHAIN FOR SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

The integration of blockchain technology into sustainable procurement processes has garnered significant attention in recent years, promising a transformative shift in ensuring transparency, traceability, and adherence to sustainability standards. This study embarked on a comprehensive exploration of the potential, effectiveness, challenges, and future implications of blockchain in the realm of sustainable procurement. Utilizing a rigorous methodology, the research delved into decentralized ledgers, smart contracts, and the inherent transparency offered by blockchain. Key findings highlighted the unparalleled potential of blockchain in enhancing trust and accountability among stakeholders, while also emphasizing the barriers to its widespread adoption, such as high implementation costs and the need for a paradigm shift in organizational culture. The study concludes with a forward-looking perspective, emphasizing the profound benefits organizations stand to gain by proactively embracing blockchain in their procurement processes. Recommendations underscore the importance of stakeholder education, pilot projects, and collaboration with regulatory bodies. As the landscape of sustainable procurement evolves, blockchain emerges as a pivotal tool in shaping its future.
 Keywords: Blockchain, Sustainable Procurement, Decentralized Ledgers, Smart Contracts, Transparency.

The Paradigm of the Creative Industries: Cultural Policy in the Neoliberal Welfare State

In this article, Strandberg analyses the development of Swedish cultural policy during the last decades. In contradistinction to the first policy proposition from 1974, which emphasised the importance of counteracting the negative impact of the market, the cultural policies that have been in place for the last twenty to thirty years consider the forces of the market to be conducive to the freedom of culture and the arts. This has entailed a paradigm shift in Swedish culture that has opened up the field of cultural policy for the so-called creative industries, equated culture with creativity, and collapsed the distinction between culture and creative forms of entrepreneurship. When analysing this, Strandberg relates the modern history of Swedish cultural policy to the wider international development that has given rise to the paradigm of the creative industries and discusses how the equation of culture with creativity has made the autonomy of culture and the arts more and more difficult to uphold.

Bridge-building between communities: Imagining the future of biomedical autism research

A paradigm shift in research culture is required to ease perceived tensions between autistic people and the biomedical research community. As a group of autistic and non-autistic scientists and stakeholders, we contend that through participatory research, we can reject a deficit-based conceptualization of autism while building a shared vision for a neurodiversity-affirmative biomedical research paradigm.

What is changing in papal communication with the rise of social media?

The last twenty years have brought profound changes in communication and technology. World leaders have extended their communication into the digital space. In the Catholic world, we speak of a digital papacy, seeing the growth of a community following the Pope on social media. Our study looks at how the language of the Holy See is changing in media-related texts published annually for World Communications Day. The research corpus consists of the messages of the last three popes – from 1995, when the vatican.va domain was created, up to 2022. Using textual analysis, we show that, in addition to the normal change in terminology, the approach of the popes as the ecclesiastical authorities to the community is changing, and the community itself is also changing. For example, the word ‘must,’ which was widely used in messages until the rise of social networks, has completely disappeared from the texts in the last few years. Our study leads us to posit that not only is there a change in how the popes address the Catholic community, but there is also a paradigm shift in society and culture.

Reflexive postliberal peace: a cultural paradigm shift in Israel’s peacebuilding

ABSTRACT To what extent does postliberal peace represent a substantive cultural paradigm shift relative to the liberal peace paradigm? We offer an empirical examination of the question through the Israeli case. An analysis of sixteen peace associations shows that peace activism has changed in the last twenty years in Israel in terms of organization, orientation, and action. Such change is clearly based on reflexivity, i.e. on the attempt by the activists to overcome the weakness of the liberal peace approach that has failed repeatedly in the Israeli-Palestinian context. The Israeli case reveals a cultural change that is creating a new, concrete, micro-level, “bottom-up” model of peacebuilding grounded, first and foremost, in everyday life. It is based on creating bridges on the social and cultural levels through practices, meetings, and networks. Although the peace process is not visible in the near future in Israel, and precisely because of that, the article presents the formation of a new cultural perception, which might be useful, and even necessary in time.

Green campus universities: case studies on problems and prospects

Background: Sustainability is a crucial social issue. In recent years, many scholars have suggested that the issue should be tackled at universities because they act as leaders in education, research and innovation. Universities are in a good position to foster progressive action towards global issues within current and future generations. As universities seek to create sustainable campuses, the green campus approach can create opportunities for a cultural paradigm shift, where universities become global leaders in sustainability. There have been various studies related to sustainability issues that include how universities can seek to create sustainable campuses. However, there are some gaps in the research on the “green campus approach” as a way to create sustainable campuses. This paper intends to examine the problems and prospects of creating a green campus university. Methods: Data collection was conducted using the qualitative method. Structured interviews and observations were conducted via visits to the selected case-study universities as well as panels and discussions with experts in respective ministry and government agencies. All collected data were transcribed before being analysed using the NVivo software and thematic coding. Results: Most universities in Malaysia have plans toward sustainability and the green campus approach. The awareness of going green and creating sustainability on university campuses has gradually increased. A strategic framework is needed as a guideline for creating green campuses in the higher education setting of Malaysia. Conclusions: This study offers new insights into creating green campus universities in Malaysia as a means to create sustainability in higher education settings. The study involved three of the oldest universities in Malaysia. Future research may expand into other universities in Malaysia or internationally.

Spousal violence against women in Afghanistan: Bivariate mapping of correlates.

Spousal violence against women is endemic and owes its genesis to deeply entrenched socio-cultural norms. In this study 2015 Demographic and Health Survey data for Afghanistan was used to calculate the provincial prevalence and two correlates of spousal violence, and their bivariate mapping. Large differences were present in the provincial prevalence of spousal violence, having witnessed their father ever beat their mother, and acceptance of spousal violence by the currently or ever married women aged 15-49 years. In general, bivariate maps showed strong associations between spousal violence against women, its acceptance by women, and having witnessed their father beat their mother by ever married women. In an easily comprehensible manner, these maps underscore ensuring better quality of life in marital settings, higher and more equal social stature of women, and protecting their basic human rights would entail legal, social, and cultural paradigm shift.

Indigenous Semiotics in “The Transistor” by Shahnaz Bashir: Application of Roland Barthes’ Codes to Kashmiri Narrative

The research focuses on the indigenous critical perspective when applied through semiotics of Barthes’ codes to the Kashmiri narratives. The study briefly reviews indigenous perspective as explained by Professor Jody Byrd and Aileen Moreton-Robinson after giving reference to Heather Harris about indigenous epistemology. This follows linking it to semiotics through Barthes’ codes with their review and association to cultural indigenousness. The research also reviews the Kashmiri narrative tradition and analyses the short story “The Transistor” in the light of this theoretical perspective to show that Kashmiri indigenousness as presented through signs and symbols when interpreted as indigenous semiotics show the specific Kashmiri resistance, conflictual cultural practices, and indigenous sovereignty under paracolonialism. The research, however, falls short of proving how the Kashmiri cultural paradigm shifts under paracolonial presence which requires separate inquiry from another angle.

'Meritocracy' to 'Parentocracy': (De) constructing the Theoretical Dilemma in Basic Education of Japan and Bangladesh

Globally, access to basic education is a universal fundamental human right. Conversely, governments of underdeveloped and developing countries experience several challenges in ensuring equity in basic education. Along with the government initiatives, equity in basic education also depends on parental socio-economic status. Japan has achieved significant success in students' learning outcomes regardless of parental SES and might serve as a role model for Bangladesh to ensure equity in education. This case study research comprehends the dynamics of parental SES in accessing quality basic education for their children in Japan and Bangladesh. This paper argues that historically, meritocracy played a fundamental role in education. However, owing to the cultural paradigm shift, Parentocracy appears to be the better option for improving children's academic outcomes. The central theoretical argument of this study is to cognise whether meritocracy or Parentocracy in the modern education system can bring equity among children. This paper finds that Bangladesh can implement the Japanese experience through curriculum modifications and play-based learning approaches to ensure equity in basic education. Finally, parental involvement is vital in ensuring equity in education to accommodate all children to receive quality basic education in Bangladesh.

Balancing between different careers - The starting career of Max Nordau as physician and journalist in Budapest

The doctor, journalist, Zionist, and essayist of cultural criticism Max Nordau (born as Simon Maximilian Südfeld 1849 Pest – died in Paris 1923), after high school graduation 1867 enrolled in Medical School at the University of Pest. Aged 37, he became famous at once for his book of cultural criticism titled Conventional Lies of Human Culture (Die conventionellen Lügen der Kulturmenschheit) and later he ruled the narrative and the set of definitions of Fin de Siècle by his main work Degeneration (Entartung). The year 1867 was also an important year in Nordau’s career as a journalist when he was hired to write for Pester Lloyd, a prestigious German-language journal. Prior to World War 1, he submitted Feuilletons to numerous newspapers of Europe and Northern America and was engaged among others for 35 years by the Vossische Zeitung. His works are in 17 languages available and his bestseller Degeneration had e.g. in England seven editions within four months. Between 1873 and 1876 Nordau travelled across Germany and parts of Northern Europe and in 1874, he finally began his long-awaited European tour he earned financially himself. He returned to Budapest only in Dezember 1875 and completed his medical exams. However, he did not stay in Budapest for long. He moved to Paris with his younger sister and mother, where he worked as a doctor and the correspondent of several European journals and in 1880 settled there permanently. When Nordau arrived in Paris, the opportunities he was presented with as a freelance journalist and the international fame of the Parisian medical circles were definitely a positive experiences to him. Nordau’s main achievement was complying with his two professional activities. As a physician, he endeavoured to analyse the contemporary culture by available means of psychopathology. Nevertheless, his diagnosis turned out as a total failure. He denied the creational capabilities of mainstream artists like novelists (Baudelaire, Zola, Verlaine, Tolstoi etc.), componists (e.g. Richard Wagner) and Philosophers (e.g. Nietzsche) and stigmatized them simply as insane and degenerated. However, his significant merits survived in the history of literature since he was a pioneer of modern cultural criticism thus his later impact e.g. on Georg Lukacs was obvious. Concerning Nordau’s works beyond novels, dramas and letters, medical and Zionistic documents, there are prevailing works of cultural criticism. They testify clearly that he was an icon of cultural criticism of Friedrich Nietsche’s significance and one of the leading intellectuals of Europe at the time of the Fin de Siècle. The aim of this paper is to show the years Nordau spent in Pest/ Budapest in terms of polyglottism and national identity. We discuss his linguistic and cultural paradigm shift since 1861 which forced Nordau first into defence and then into isolation both socio-culturally and professionally. He planned to write a dissertation about medical anthropology, a field for which there were no Hungarian specialists at that time.

The phenomenon of SoNoR ensemble in the context of the cultural paradigm shift at the turn of the 21st century

Towards the end of the millennium, a once-vast empire had collapsed, causing a multitude of disruptions. This was an empire that had won World War II and become one of the world's superpowers for many decades; the empire that had created a completely new ideology and culture that had spread throughout many of its constituent nations as well as a number of neighboring countries. Music had been an important part of this culture. The demise of such a vast empire resulted, on one hand, in many of its component nations gaining liberty, but on the other, in various military, economic, and legal problems, among which should be mentioned a cultural and ideological vacuum. At the end of the last century, Azerbaijan, as well as other post-Soviet countries, was going through a period of crisis and culture shock, during which all governmental culture programs had been shut down. SoNoR, a contemporary music ensemble, appeared as an alternative to those programs during the darkest period of chaos. It was founded solely by a group of enthusiasts, and filled a cultural niche, becoming an image of contemporary music in the country for many years. SoNoR arranged concerts, festivals, workshops, and premieres both nationally and internationally. The band also established cultural exchanges with various countries. This article concerns the phenomenon of this group in the context of the turn of the century, as well as an attempt to analyze the main reasons for its ups and downs and eventual breakup.