Cultural Organization Research Articles

A contribuição do pensamento de Paulo Freire para a Vigilância Popular em Saúde

Abstract Paulo Freire considered Popular Education (PE) as an emancipatory process, through debate and critical action, as a dimension of human existence. This text aims to conduct a narrative literature review on the articulations of Paulo Freire’s ideas with Popular Health Surveillance (PHS) actions based on his contributions to Education and Health. The text presents how the contributions of Paulo Freire and Popular Health Education inspired the construction of Popular Health Surveillance, which seeks to promote the transformation of local reality in the face of rights violations and advocate for life. Thus, experiences from vulnerable territories and populations often use Popular Education pedagogical strategies to establish PHS practices. Popular Health Education becomes crucial in the territory to stimulate the transformation of individual perception and discuss their reality. Promoting a praxis about the “critical situation” in the daily lives of social stakeholders allows diagnosing reality based on scientific information in dialogue with culture and popular organization as a possibility of building the “viable unprecedented”.

The contribution of Paulo Freire's thought to Popular Health Surveillance.

Paulo Freire considered Popular Education (PE) as an emancipatory process, through debate and critical action, as a dimension of human existence. This text aims to conduct a narrative literature review on the articulations of Paulo Freire's ideas with Popular Health Surveillance (PHS) actions based on his contributions to Education and Health. The text presents how the contributions of Paulo Freire and Popular Health Education inspired the construction of Popular Health Surveillance, which seeks to promote the transformation of local reality in the face of rights violations and advocate for life. Thus, experiences from vulnerable territories and populations often use Popular Education pedagogical strategies to establish PHS practices. Popular Health Education becomes crucial in the territory to stimulate the transformation of individual perception and discuss their reality. Promoting a praxis about the "critical situation" in the daily lives of social stakeholders allows diagnosing reality based on scientific information in dialogue with culture and popular organization as a possibility of building the "viable unprecedented".

SMOG (Simple Measure of Goobledygook) Readibility Index in Selecting Reading Materials and Reading Literacy Skills of Primary School Student

Reading materials for elementary school students generally do not have readability in accordance with the measurement results so that the literacy level of students is low, as shown by the survey results from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization which noted that the literacy level of Indonesian society was only 0.001 percent. Therefore, it is necessary to measure readability so that the material in books used in learning is in accordance with the age level of readers and can be understood by students. With these conditions, this study aims to overcome the problem of reading materials in elementary schools that are not in accordance with their readability so that they do not support efforts to develop reading literacy. Reading materials in elementary schools need to be measured through a readability measurement in order to know the suitability of readability with the age of the reader. One of the formulas that can be used to measure readability is the SMOG formula (Simple Measure of Goobledygook), this formula is simpler because it does not use graphs only considers the number of sentences and difficult words. This research uses quantitative methods in the process of measuring and collecting data. The research instruments used text readability measurement, text comprehension instrument questionnaire, literacy measurement and student reading habit questionnaire. Based on the results of the linear regression test, there is a relationship between the results of the readability measurement and the results of the student comprehension measurement of 0.688. The positive correlation shows that the higher the score value of the readability measurement results, the lower the students' understanding of the reading. The results show that reading books used in elementary schools have a high readability index value, so that it can reduce students' understanding of reading materials used in learning.

Poppies, partnerships and pragmatism: Learning from embedded research in a cultural heritage organisation

Poppies, partnerships and pragmatism: Learning from embedded research in a cultural heritage organisation

The History Of Palang Pintu As A Local Cultural Value Became An Icon Of Betawi Traditional Weddings

This research aims to examine the history and symbolic meaning of the doorstop as a local cultural value which has become an icon in traditional Betawi weddings. The doorstop is an important element in traditional Betawi wedding ceremonies, which have existed since the 19th century and function as a symbol of unity and agreement between two families. Through a historical and qualitative approach, this research found that doorstops not only act as physical barriers, but also have a deep meaning that reflects the values ​​of family, togetherness, and respect for ancestral traditions. This research also shows that although the basic shape of doorstops remains consistent, there are variations in design and decoration that reflect the changing aesthetics and tastes of modern Betawi society. The research results emphasize the importance of preserving local cultural values ​​such as doorstops in facing the flow of globalization and modernization. A deep understanding of the history and meaning of doorstops can increase public appreciation for Betawi cultural values ​​and encourage conservation measures by the government and cultural organizations. Thus, the doorstop is not only a ritual element in a traditional Betawi wedding, but also a cultural symbol that is rich in meaning and important for maintaining the identity and cultural heritage of the Betawi people. This research highlights the need for concerted efforts in preserving and promoting this tradition so that it remains alive and appreciated by future generations.

How Can Accountants Enhance (or Save) Natural and Cultural Capital Valuation? Engaging Academics: A Collaboration with CPA Canada and the Canadian Commission for UNESCO*

ABSTRACTAccountants should engage more with natural and cultural capital accounting to make tools more accessible and to ensure critical information is provided to decision‐makers. While ecological economists have continued to innovate and design tools, corporate‐level accounting has seemingly lagged behind. We argue that the time is now for accounting researchers and practitioners to come together to build upon these tools to advance a sustainable agenda. We examine possibilities through the novel lens of a recent Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada and Canadian Commission for United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) report that explores tools to measure natural and cultural capital at UNESCO designated sites in Canada. From here, we pose a variety of questions, critiques, and pathways for researchers and practitioners alike.

Stewarding Collections in Times of Changing Perspectives

Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural heritage organizations are collections-based institutions with the mission to preserve their collections and make them accessible in various ways, whether for research, study, exhibition and educational purposes, while holding the physical collections in trust for the public. With the transitioning values for the collecting practices, the norms of collecting practices and accessibility standards are being challenged. The provenance of collections is being challenged, as well, and in some cases, objects and materials in collections have become the subject of repatriation. This is particularly true where collections include objects and materials that were acquired or taken from one global region or community and accessioned into the collection of a cultural heritage organization in another. How can access to collections be provided to patrons and the public in a way that is true and respectful of the normative traditions of traditional communities, in keeping with shifting societal values? This article presents the argument that a recognition and respect for intellectual property norms, specifically traditional knowledge (TK) and traditional cultural expressions (TCEs), facilitates quality collections stewardship and access to collections.

The role of culture and semantic organization in working memory updating

ABSTRACT Westerners tend to relate items in a categorical manner, whereas Easterners focus more on functional relationships. The present study extended research on semantic organization in long-term memory to working memory. First, Americans’ and Turks’ preferences for categorical versus functional relationships were tested. Second, working memory interference was assessed using a 2-back working memory paradigm in which lure items were categorically and functionally related to targets. Next, a mediation model tested direct effects of culture and semantic organization on working memory task behaviour, and the indirect effect, whether semantic organization mediated the relationship between culture and working memory interference. Whereas Americans had slower response times to correctly rejecting functional lures compared to categorical lures, conditions did not differ for Turks. However, semantic organization did not mediate cultural difference in working memory interference. Across cultures, there was evidence that semantic organization affected working memory errors, with individuals who endorsed categorical more than functional pairings committing more categorical than functional errors on the 2-back task. Results align with prior research suggesting individual differences in use of different types of semantic relationships, and further that literature by indicating effects on interference in working memory. However, these individual differences may not be culture-dependent.

Cultural institutions as knowledge-intensive public organisations (KIPOs) and their role: how digitalisation can change them providing sustainable and accessible public services

PurposeThis exploratory research seeks to clarify the role of cultural organisations as knowledge-intensive public organisations (KIPOs) and the trend of digital content creation in museum sectors and national strategies through a country case study. It aims to provide a deeper understanding and analysis of museums' roles as KIPOs, specifically focusing on their digitalisation and digital content development for service delivery. Digital technology utilisation in the museum sector has amplified the significance of digital content, not only because of the increasing use of digital technologies among the public but also because it provides attractive new content to appeal to customers, as well as more efficient knowledge management and knowledge reproduction tools for KIPOs. Thus, this paper analyses digital content creation in the museum sector and policy frameworks to provide insights into the role of museums as KIPOs by utilising digital technologies.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted literature review on six keywords, combination of “cultural institution”, “museum”, “digitalization”, “digital content”, and “ICT” to understand the digitalisation of museums amongst academic papers, then used a case study to figure out the common issues as well as case-specific features of these digital offerings through analysis of the digital platforms of museums. Specifically, we choose the case of South Korea, its national strategies and budget allocations and the museum sectors in the country. Thus, the secondary data analysis was provided by the official channels, such as documents from government agencies, media sources, such as articles from newspapers and magazines and academic works of literature, such as papers in scientific journals.FindingsThis paper reveals the research trend in museums' digitalisation, especially through the case study, how the South Korean government has argued digital content development in museum sectors through their national strategies and budget allocations, and the trend of museums' digital offerings since 2021. This paper thus presents a novel contribution to the field by delving into the research trend in digitalisation and digital content development in the museum sector and analysing the South Korean government's national strategies and budget allocation in this context. The literature review shows that the digitalisation of museums has increased research interest in the last few years in limited areas. South Korea has allocated budgets and policies to encourage digital content creation in museums, and this study identifies an increase in digital content creation in the museum sector.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper chose one-country case study, that of South Korea; thus, there are representative limitations and thus in terms of generalisation of the results. Further research with case studies from other countries and comparative studies are required.Practical implicationsThis study highlights the importance of digitalisation and digital content development in the museum sector through government policies, strategies and financial investment.Social implicationsIt highlights the importance of digitalisation and the introduction of digital contents amongst museums to gain new visitors and change the relationship between the institutions and the customers.Originality/valueIt deals with the digitalisation of museums as KIPOs and it is a new and relevant topic per se. This study enhances the understanding of the museum sector’s digital content development and national policies to support its activities. It provides insights into the utilisation of digital technologies in cultural institutions for digital service delivery in public organisations.

영화를 활용한 다문화 학습에 대한 연구

Objectives This study emphasizes the usefulness of various films for multicultural learning and analyzes learners' perceptions of multicultural education through movies. Methods For this purpose, the research’s video media centered on Paddington, which helps pupils understand the process of adapting to other cultures, and Serial Bad Weddings, which highlights cultural differences between countries. The teaching procedure consisted of four stages: The cultural preparation stage, the cultural under-standing stage, the cultural organization stage, and the self-evaluation stage. Learners used a self-evaluation journal and responded to an open-ended questionnaire to determine their awareness and satisfaction with how cultural classes utilized films. Results The result revealed that learners were delighted with cultural classes employing multicultural media (83.7%). Specifically, the students cited the usefulness of cultural learning, media use, fun, and participation ac-tivities for their high satisfaction levels. Conclusions Task-oriented participatory activities using video media should be actively utilized during multi-cultural learning. Instructors should design participatory activities for multicultural education to engage learners.

Inclusive Change in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: A Collaborative Autoethnography

In many countries, including those in the Caribbean, there has recently been an increasing demand for professional development on inclusive educational practices This need for high-quality professional development is in line with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (2016) call for inclusion of all children by 2030. Recently, our team was asked to provide professional development to educators in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines that focused on evidence-based practices for students with special education needs. Over the course of 3 years, this service work evolved into a multi-faceted pilot of inclusive education, whereby students with special education needs transitioned from a segregated school into mainstream schools. In this article, we present a collaborative autoethnography that highlights our collective experiences. Our self‑reflections chronicle our experiences and accompanying perceptions gained through providing support and education to educators, students, schools, community, and families in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines over a 3-year period, as they prepared for this transition to inclusion. In collectively reviewing our self-reflections, we discovered three major themes at the heart of our service work: (a) “barriers to inclusion,” (b) “the importance of relationships,” and (c) “transformation.” In discussing these three themes, we explore the successes and challenges we experienced throughout these service projects. What follows is a discussion of our reflective musings related to these experiences as shared critical knowledge for sustainable inclusion work within the Caribbean and beyond.

Understanding the gastronomy tourists’ characteristics and perceptions: a cluster analysis of visitors to a creative city of gastronomy

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify and understand distinct tourist segments in Phuket, focusing on their characteristics, attitudes and perceptions as visitors to a creative gastronomic destination.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, cluster analysis is used to identify tourist segments in Phuket, a well-known United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) gastronomic city. The analysis is based on data collected from 525 domestic Thai tourists.FindingsCluster analysis revealed three distinct tourist segments: gastronomy enthusiasts, taste discoverers and gourmet wanderers. These segments exhibit significant differences in their characteristics and perceptions of Phuket’s gastronomic offerings.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to domestic Thai tourists in Phuket and does not include international visitors. In addition, the findings are specific to the context of Phuket and may not be entirely generalizable to other gastronomic destinations.Practical implicationsThe identified tourist segments provide valuable guidance for tourism professionals to tailor their marketing efforts, develop targeted products and meet the preferences of different gastronomically oriented tourists, contributing to the successful management of a gastronomic city.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the fields of destination management and gastronomy tourism by providing valuable insights for practitioners seeking to enhance their offerings and consider the preferences of different gastronomically oriented tourist segments. Identifying these segments enriches the understanding of visitor behavior in creative gastronomy cities.

Cultural organizations of the mountain Jews of the USA and their activities (based on the materials of the diaspora newspaper “New Frontier”)

Cultural organizations of the mountain Jews of the USA and their activities (based on the materials of the diaspora newspaper “New Frontier”)

Adaptasi Mahasiswa Perantau di Kota Yogyakarta: Perspektif Teori Konstruksi Sosial Peter L. Berger

One of the ways taken to develop oneself is to get out of the comfort zone by studying outside the city of birth or migrating, but this faces challenges in interacting because it finds a different situation from life in the place of origin. The purpose of the research is to find out the socioconstruction of migrant students according to Peter L. Berger's view. This research uses a qualitative approach with the research subjects being overseas students in the city of Yogyakarta. Data collection methods through observation, interviews and documentation. According to Peter L. Berger, reality is born along with knowledge, this happens due to the real social construction in human daily life. There are three stages of social construction according to Peter L. Berger, namely Externalization, Objectivation and Internalization. In the process of externalization, overseas students try to interpret and adapt to the language, customs and habits of the people of Yogyakarta in accordance with the stock of knowledge that exists in themselves. In this process, it appears that there are some students who have difficulty adjusting to the sociocultural environment in Yogyakarta. At the objectivation stage, overseas students try to understand and absorb the language, customs and habits of the people of Yogyakarta by discussing, forming study groups or cultural organizations that involve people from various backgrounds so that new knowledge and understanding of the life and habits of the people of Yogyakarta emerge. And this internalization process over time, the knowledge values that already exist in each overseas student from the results of objectivation are able to be manifested in actions, language, or expressions, so that overseas students are able to interact with the socio-cultural world of Yogyakarta. Further research needs to be done to explore the problems experienced by overseas students and how to overcome them from various perspectives.

Calculating the Carbon Footprint of Interventive and Preventive Conservation at English Heritage, UK

ABSTRACT English Heritage (EH) is a large cultural heritage organisation, which cares for 1million artefacts over 136 sites. Preventive conservators and conservation scientists manage a mixture of controlled and uncontrolled historic site environments housing diverse object types. Two fine art conservators manage treatment programmes for easel and wall paintings, gilded frames and gilded furniture. Other objects are managed by preventive conservators and outsourced to private conservation studios for treatment. Sustainability is becoming an increasingly important part of the conservation team's agenda. Measuring and understanding the carbon impact of both the preventive and interventive conservators’ work was an important starting point for creating more sustainable solutions. To create a baseline for future monitoring and carbon reduction, carbon footprint studies were undertaken to evaluate the carbon impact of interventive painting conservation treatments; preventive conservation framing (adapting frames and making microclimates for displaying paintings in non-ideal environments); and running conservation (humidistatic) heating vs air conditioning systems in display rooms.

Convergence or fragmentation? Recent developments in recognition of microcredentials and their impact on higher education in Asia and the Pacific

PurposeThis paper explores the development of microcredentials (MCs) through a regional lens, considering their implications for lifelong learning and skilled labour mobility in Asia and the Pacific. It also examines recent global initiatives led by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).Design/methodology/approachThe study reviews recent global initiatives aimed at developing shared definitions and principles for MCs, as led by UNESCO, taking into account the importance of existing initiatives such as the pilot project launched by the Australian government in 2022. The formalization of MCs within national education systems is also examined, with reference to frameworks developed by organizations like the European Union (EU), Australia and the Malaysia Qualifications Agency (MQA, 2020).FindingsThe paper underscores the increasing attention from international organizations and governments to the development and recognition of MCs, with significant efforts in countries like Australia and pilot initiatives in New Zealand and Malaysia. However, it also highlights that many MC projects in Asia are still in their early developmental stages, emphasizing the need for further progress and formalization.Originality/valueThis paper offers a unique perspective on the development of MCs in the Asia–Pacific region and their potential role in international education. It explores the prospects for MCs in international education, including student mobility and cross-border online courses. The challenge of integrating MCs into existing systems for recognizing international qualifications is discussed. Overall, the paper contributes to the understanding of MC frameworks as essential tools in the formalization of lifelong learning in the region, supported by the provided citations (OECD, 2021).

Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development: Major Themes and Research Trajectories

Our research endeavors to uncover patterns and understand the intellectual framework of studies on cultural heritage management and sustainable development. In this study, we utilize secondary data sourced from the Scopus database. We retrieved and downloaded 185 documents for subsequent analysis. The data was subjected to bibliometric analysis for thorough examination. The analysis exposed six melodies, i.e., Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Urban Development; Sustainable Development and Management of Cultural Heritage; Cultural Heritage and Vernacular Architecture; Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage Sites and Urban Regeneration; Heritage Management and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); World Heritage Sites and United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), respectively. This study makes contributions both academically and within the community. The study provides important insights into the most influential journals, countries, and articles, which is academically essential. Also, six major themes that significantly contribute to the domain of cultural heritage management and sustainable development literature are presented, and they also provide an avenue for future research. Defending biological diversity, ecosystem services, cultural heritage, and associated values is crucial on the communal front. It should be the mainstay for achieving economic and social growth of local communities with environmental sustainability.

Is power shifting? China's evolving engagement with UNESCO

AbstractThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) presents itself as a global laboratory of ideas. In 2022, China became the largest financial contributor to UNESCO at a time when the United States had been absent from the organisation for 4 years. Against this backdrop, a focus on whether or not China has become a more powerful actor within UNESCO is timely and capable of adding a new dimension to the existing body of literature on China's participation in global governance. This paper draws on UNESCO reports and data, as well as interviews with UNESCO officials and Chinese diplomats. Building on Barnett and Duvall's power typology, the article concludes that China's power within UNESCO has increased, yet unevenly. China is regarded as a moderate contributor rather than a challenger to existing power constellations in terms of compulsory power, structural power and productive power. However, China has shaped new industry norms and rules in the professional domain of UNESCO, reflecting institutional power shifts. Moreover, China's mechanisms of indirect influence within UNESCO have shifted towards a strategy referred to as ‘homeland diplomacy’, expanding the range of stakeholders to include experts, private sector entities and universities.

Heliophysics and space weather information architecture and innovative solutions: Current status and ways forward

Over the past 10 years, a paradigm shift has happened in the world of science and information technology. Open science is becoming the de facto standard, as underlined by the recent recommendation on Open Science approved by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in November 2021. In parallel, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies are already part of our daily life, profoundly impacting our societies. This reality is far different from when the 2015–2025 COmmittee on SPAce Research (COSPAR)/International Living With a Star (ILWS) Space weather roadmap was laid down by Schrijver et al. (2015).Hence, when the COSPAR International Space Weather Action Teams (ISWAT) initiated community-wide efforts, back in 2018, to join forces in order to advance space weather predictive capabilities, four ISWAT overarching activities were eventually established: assessment, information architecture and data utilization, innovative solutions and education/outreach. These topics are indeed transversal activities across all subfields of space weather research, focusing on either the variability of heliospheric regions or physical phenomena and their specific space weather impacts.Here, we present the combined output of the information architecture and innovative solutions working groups. The first part is related to the heliophysics and space weather information architecture key building blocks (section 2). The second part is dedicated to open science tools and infrastructures, first detailing the tools to boost open science (section 3), then presenting actual and upcoming open science infrastructures (section 4). The third part is related to AI/ML solutions applied to the data available through this information architecture (section 5). The last part tries to encompass the breadth of activity presented and provides a number of recommendations, underlining some opportunities but also challenges ahead. Overall, this paper tries to highlight how powerful this open science ecosystem is, but also fragile, requiring sustained support from its various decision makers internationally.

Concrete touchdown: new technology influences industrial buildings in Norway, 1912–1920

Construction technology developed quickly during the first decades of the twentieth century. This influenced the construction of industrial buildings at the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage site of Rjukan and Notodden in Norway. Behind the construction was Hydro, a company founded in 1905 to produce synthetic nitrogen fertiliser to increase the world’s food production. This industrial development demanded large structures such as hydropower stations and production facilities. Concrete was introduced for the first time during this period, and systems are characterised by heavy concrete bearing walls and mixed bearing walls where concrete and steel were combined. Such systems demanded significant material resources and resulted in the development of steel and concrete skeleton frames. The development of viable systems was achieved through research in materials science and structural engineering, in both the USA and Europe. This paper discusses how concrete influenced construction and building systems at this site. Similarities to industrial buildings and other building typologies are evident and connect the site to the international context of architecture and engineering history. Understanding the characteristics of individual buildings and presenting them in an order of a construction systems will support the work of architects and engineers in future conservation schemes.