Modern Culture Research Articles

POLITICAL AFTERTEXT IN LINE WITH MODERN POLITICAL PRACTICES

The purpose of the research is to establish in modern political culture the concept of “zatext” and its various types in order to effectively resist provocations and disinformation of political opponents, apply adequate political technologies, achieving their political goals. The article suggests using the interdisciplinary term “zatext” to consider political strategies that are dynamically developing in the context of transforming international relations. The results of the study show that the system of diplomatic and political discussions, statements and communications is currently changing dramatically: texts with a double bottom, essentially texts with overtones, are being replaced by direct speech, in which the accompanying overtones are immediately stated, clarifying the main theses without ambiguity and hints. Against the background of the unscrupulous use of fakes at various political levels by Western countries, Russian political leaders have chosen tactics and strategies of honesty, openness and direct debunking of unscrupulous machinations on the part of political opponents. Conclusions. Thus, a new political trend is being formed - to create a new world order, which is based on equal interactions between Russia and all sincere and constructive allies. A new political culture is also emerging, based on universal human values, the desire for universal peace and the co-evolutionary development of world civilizations.

Concept of ressentiment by Max Scheler and its contemporary relevance

The article deals with Max Scheler's philosophical concept of ressentiment. In “Ressentiment in the Structure of Morals”, he uses Friedrich Nietzsche's concept of "ressentiment" to describe an important negative phenomenon in modern moral and culture in general. The article shows that Max Scheler's descriptive method organically grows out of the phenomenological philosophy of Edmund Husserl and at the same time imitates some specific features of Wilhelm Diltai's descriptive and analytical psychology. On the basis of this methodological approach, Max Scheler does not explain ressentiment and does not give a clear definition of this concept, but instead reproduces its formation in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche and describes the phenomenon of ressentiment. Using the descriptive method, Scheler concludes that ressentiment is related to the desire for revenge and feelings of powerlessness. He also describes the different dimensions of ressentiment, which can be formulated as follows: Kinship and sexual dimension. Age dimension. Professional dimension. Class dimension. There is also noted in the article that Scheler demonstrates national ressentiment rather than critically analyzes it. This circumstance to some extent brings to light the Zeitgeist, i.e. the spirit of time, when authoritarian and totalitarian ideologies and regimes such as Russian Bolshevism and German Nazism were formed, being undoubtedly feed by the destructive energy of resentment. The author of the article also discovers a connection between Scheler's concept of ressentiment and Freud's concept of suppression. The study shows how, on the theoretical basis of Max Scheler's concept of ressentment, it is possible to critically deconstruct not only such historical manifestations of ressentiment as Bolshevism and Nazism, but also some dangerous and destructive trends in the modern world, namely the ideology of the "Russian world" (“Russkii mir”).

Beyond Borders: Exploring the Lives of Migrant Workers in Chandigarh

The phenomenon of migration is intricately woven into the fabric of modern societies, shaping economies, cultures, and identities. Amidst the bustling urban landscape of Chandigarh, a city emblematic of India`s aspirations for progress and modernity, lies a diverse tapestry of migrant workers whose narratives remain largely unexplored. This study seeks to delve into the lives of these migrant workers, illuminating their experiences, challenges, and aspirations. Drawing upon quantitative research methodology, this study aims to uncover the multifaceted dimensions of migrant labour in Chandigarh. Through survey and structured interviews. It endeavour to comprehend the socio-economic, cultural, and psychological dynamics that underpin the lives of migrant workers. By examining factors such as employment patterns, living conditions, access to social services, and integration processes, we aim to elucidate the complexities of their daily existence. By amplifying the voices of migrant workers and providing a nuanced understanding of their lives, this research seeks to inform policy interventions and social initiatives aimed at improving their well-being and fostering inclusive urban development in Chandigarh. Through its exploration of the lives "Beyond Borders," this study endeavours to shed light on the resilience, struggles, and aspirations of Chandigarh`s migrant workforce.

The Ceremony of Receiving Ambassadresses at the Russian Court of the Eighteenth Century

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the European system of international relations underwent significant changes, marked by the institutional development of diplomatic services and the establishment of more coherent diplomatic ceremonials. Resident embassies became common, introducing the presence of female relatives of diplomats who actively participated in the life of the diplomatic corps. The growing presence of ambassadresses played a transformative role in early modern diplomatic culture, contributing to the development of gendered diplomatic ceremonials. Drawing on relevant approaches to the study of the ‘new diplomatic history’ and using archival material from the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Empire, this article examines the diplomatic ceremonial of ambassadorial spouses at the eighteenth-century Russian court. It examines the presentation of ambassadors’ wives at court, the implementation of protocol, and issues of etiquette that became sources of contention between ‘ambassadresses’ and the St Petersburg court, as well as methods of conflict resolution. The study of the reception ceremony for ‘foreign ladies’ reveals that, although it was governed by legal norms, it depended heavily on the Russian monarch’s personal attitude towards the ambassador and ambassadress, as well as the country they represented.

The phenomenon of the outsider as the main character in modern popular culture (on the example of series and films of the 1990s and later)

Introduction: studying this phenomenon allows to understand the reasons for the popularity of this character in popular culture. The purpose of the article is to conduct an analysis of the phenomenon in the context of modern mass culture by analysing modern films and series, to reveal its characteristics and significance for the viewer, as well as to consider the impact of this phenomenon on modern society. Method: the following scientific methods were used in this study: the method of content analysis, the method of scenario analysis, and the method of interpretive analysis. Results: the results of the study showed how they are depicted in mass culture, how their role has changed over time, their influence on the perception of social and cultural problems, as well as their influence on the formation of an individual’s identity and self-determination. The study examines aspects such as conformity, marginalization, and exclusion of outsiders in popular culture. The research uses methods of studying the content of TV series and films, their storylines, dialogues, and images dedicated to the research topic. The analysis of intertextual elements in the scripts of films and series was carried out, which allowed revealing the connections between different works and cultural contexts. An analysis of the social aspects of the phenomenon, such as marginalization and exclusion, was also carried out. Conclusion: the research has practical significance for cinema and television, as it can help content creators in choosing the main character and shaping his character

Творческие задачи человечества в аспекте эсхатологических представлений Н. А. Бердяева и В. В. Зеньковского

The article analyzes the views of Nikolai A. Berdyaev and Vasily V. Zenkovsky on the meaning of creativity and the significance of human activity in the eschatological perspective. The comparison of the thinkers’ views on the “end of history” and the creative tasks of mankind leads the authors to the following conclusion. The philosophers alike argued for the need for a dynamic understanding of the “eschaton”. At the same time, they were supporters of two different “projects” of the future that had long been characteristic of religious consciousness: the Gnostic-Manichean one, which implies the “dematerialization” of the world, and the Christian one, based on ideas of the “rematerialization” of the world. It is claimed that both philosophical positions, despite significant differences between them, converge in the assertion of the crisis of modern culture. However, while Berdyaev sees the cause of this crisis in the subordination of a person’s spiritual creativity to the products of the cultural activity, which is objectified, Zenkovsky sees it in the separation of a secularizing culture from its Christian foundation.

О парадоксальном способе самосознания: рок-культура как маркер идентичности

One of the tools that participate in the transformation of the identity system at the stage of transition from modern culture to postmodern culture is rock culture. It offers a person a number of identification opportunities that have different properties compared to the possibilities of defining oneself in a manner characteristic of modern culture. There is a partial rejection of identity markers characteristic to the modern era. The identity formed by rock culture, in accordance with current theoretical concepts, can be attributed to multiple, small narrative identities. As its fundamental characteristic feature, the presence of an indefinite core of identity is considered, which is understood as a set of phenomena perceived and interpreted by the subject as a basis for establishing one’s own identity with other subjects. This uncertainty lies in the weak definitions of rock, in the desire of subjects to refuse to positively identify themselves with rock, in denying the existence of this phenomenon as such. At the same time, rock does not turn into its own opposite, does not assume the functions of the excluded Other, remaining an object of centrifugal or centripetal motion. In addition, the weakening of the core of identity is due to the fact that the concept of rock turns into the focus of axiological aspirations of the subject. Rock culture is appropriated by the subject, turning into an absolute epicenter of identification. Subjectivity, thus, is taken out of the framework of one’s own personality and is endowed with the characteristics of an object, while receiving the name of rock. The real object for building identity disappears, being replaced by a subject, or at least a separate segment of it.

Innovative design model for the mortise and tenon structure

The mortise and tenon structure is a pivotal component of ancient Chinese architecture and furniture, encapsulating a rich history of evolution, cultural shifts, and productivity developments. Engaging modern individuals with this historical context through innovative product design provides a way to advance the cultural and creative industries and promote the sustainable development of mortise and tenon culture. This study conducted sentiment analysis on consumer reviews of three types of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products in the Chinese market, revealing consumer needs and expectations regarding functionality, quality, and design. Utilizing Norman’s Emotional Design Theory, the study analyzed the design elements of mortise and tenon cultural and creative products across the instinctive, behavioral, and reflective levels. A systematic design model was put together, providing both theoretical support and practical guidance for the future design of these products, thereby offering inspiration and aid for the modernization and transformation of traditional culture.

Laes, C., Goodey, C.F., Rose, M.L. (2013). Disabilities in Roman Antiquity: Disparate Bodies a Capite ad Calcem. Review by Nina Van der Sype

The volume Disabilities in Roman Antiquity brings together twelve contributions that are solely dedicated to the topic of physical and mental disability in the antique world. As there is already a wealth of research available on various aspects concerning the field of (critical) disability studies in contemporary culture, the editors actively contribute to expanding the area of investigation to pre-modern culture. Such explorations can shed light on particular aspects of disability, its individual experience and broader socio-cultural meanings which remain paramount within our modern culture, while at the same time developing the establishment of the subfield of ‘disability history’ within the period of Antiquity. The editors’ recognition of the – to a certain extent – universalist nature of both bodily and mental characteristics, leads to the rejection of a constructivist approach, a choice which they describe as being a ‘theoretical and practical disapproval based on the belief that we are all human beings, sharing certain corporal realities over different cultures and times’ (Laes et al., 2013, p. 6).

Integritas Kepemimpinan Pastoral di Era Postmodern Menurut 2 Timotius 2:14-25

The development of technology and information in the global era will have a major influence on human life. Modernist culture has become the choice of the wider community over conventional cultures. Sometimes society loses the social glue that has been the root of culture, which is replaced with the emergence of social media. Apart from that, the development of this technology also has a bad influence on moral ethics, norms and rules in society. However, this development also provides positive insight into the emergence of new leaders, especially leaders in the spiritual world or pastoral leaders who must maintain their integrity. The methodology in this writing uses an exposition approach by paying attention to the verses of God's word contained in 2 Tim 2:14-25, to get practical application from the figure of a pastoral leader with integrity who keeps his life in accordance with the truth of God's word and by asking for the guidance of the Holy Spirit so that he can protect accountability which has a good influence in the postmodern world.

Code Switching and Code Mixing in Modern Public Communication (Indonesian Sociolinguistic Analysis)

This study seeks to examine how language is used in the social interactions of contemporary Indonesian society. The language use in question is an example of how modern culture in Indonesia interacts through code switching and code mixing. Using a qualitative descriptive research design, this type of research was conducted. The information referred to in this study is communication between contemporary Indonesians that demonstrates code switching and code mixing in modern culture. The speech in question takes the shape of a dialogue and includes words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that operate both as code switches and code mixers as well as having parts of both. Sources of data in this study came from the internet, namely previous research data, outstanding issues, and social media. Data analysis techniques were carried out with all utterances that show the occurrence of code- switching and code-mixing in the interactions of modern society in Indonesia. Furthermore, the classification and categories of the entire data are carried out. The data were analyzed by selecting and sorting out the forms and functions of code switching and code mixing in the interactions of modern society in Indonesia. After being analyzed and classified, the data is described and translated to find out the nature and applications of code switching and interference in contemporary Indonesian social interactions.

Философский и культурологический аспекты в вопросах личностного и профессионального самоопределения

Modern society directs individuals towards the necessity of forming distinctive value orientations concerning personal and professional self-determination. The evolution of technologies, the emergence of new societal demands placed upon individuals and their social roles, and, crucially, the pursuit of self-identity and self-awareness within specific socio-cultural activities all necessitate examination through a cultural-philosophical lens. The phenomenon of “personal self-determination”, as well as the process of personal formation, require modern clarifications and additions, manifesting in the independent assessment of their capabilities, inclinations, and interests, which may be realized within a specific social milieu. Personal self-determination serves as a reflection of the evolving demands and expectations of modern culture, society, and the individual towards himself. The content of this concept not only synthesizes the aggregate desires and needs of the individual but also becomes a specific temporal demand of society for addressing economic and social challenges. We posit that presently, the content of the concept of “personal self-determination” underscores a high level of individual responsibility, which finds reflection in the actualization of the notion of “public service”.

Гуманистическая адаптация проекта «Умный город»: эстетический аспект

In the implementation of the Smart City project, one of the significant challenges lies in the complex interaction between digital technologies and new forms of sociality, aimed at creating a comfortable living environment for humans. The concept of sustainable development, which is a priority goal of modern urbanization, implies special attention to the environmental parameters of city life. New trends in the inclusion of a natural component in the fabric of urban life are developing in line with the phenomenon of aestheticization as a characteristic feature of modern culture. The tendency to give aesthetic sound to everyday phenomena is aimed at the sensory-emotional sphere as the basis of aesthetic sensibility. Embracing the principle of naturalness in shaping nature, even if this simplicity is achieved through complex technological solutions and adheres to archetypal artistic images, provides a stable guideline for assessing the appropriateness and harmony of the environment. The study delves into the reflective aspect of perception in urban environments, emphasizing the development of emotional intelligence and the ability to engage with the sensory-rich “smart environment”. It discusses the importance of flexible communication with digital devices, facilitated by an enhanced realm of sensuousness and emotional connectivity. By embracing humanistic principles and aesthetic sensibilities, the Smart City project can create more livable, sustainable, and emotionally engaging urban environments.

Linguo-cultural value of 忍 ‘patience’ in traditional and modern Chinese culture

The article outlines a gap in the comprehensive study of values and evaluation processes in human consciousness, emphasising how these processes are aligned with linguo-cultural concepts. The research aims to investigate the evolving cultural value of 忍 (rěn) ‘patience’ in Chinese culture, highlighting the significance of understanding these transformations in the context of axiological linguistics. A mix of qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the cultural and linguistic significance of 忍 (rěn) in Chinese culture was employed. Lexicographical, contextual, and semantic analyses, along with cultural commentary, were applied to describe the multifaceted meanings of 忍 (rěn). The study also used a two-part experimental approach: first, a survey collected diverse Chinese perceptions of 忍 (rěn) through adjectives/nouns, and then an evaluative experiment with bipolar semantic scales measured attitudes towards patience along various dimensions. The findings point out shifts in the modern interpretation of忍 (rěn) within Chinese culture. While traditional values emphasise endurance and resilience, contemporary perspectives acknowledge the complexity of patience, recognising its strategic, interpersonal, and ethical dimensions. The concept of patience is evolving to encompass adaptability, compromise, and long-term vision, reflecting changing societal values and the influence of globalisation. Despite these shifts, the significance of 忍 (rěn) in fostering personal growth, social harmony, and ethical conduct remains central to contemporary Chinese values and societal norms. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of the transformation of cultural values within society, illustrating how linguistic methods can be employed to study their evolving nature.

Implementasi CSR Perusahaan Kawasan Industri Kimia PT. Chandra Asri Petrochemical.Tbk Di Kecamatan Ciwandan , Kota Cilegon

The emergence of gas through chimneys in Cilegon City, especially in the Ciwandan Area, has driven social, social and monetary transformation. The rapidly growing industry has changed the social and monetary order of an area that has been recognized as an agrarian culture into a modern culture. The existence of large organizations that utilize natural resources in Ciwandan has increased the hopes of the surrounding community for an increase in wages, through the Corporate Social Obligation (CSR) program. Therefore, the examination tries to uncover elements of CSR implementation in the PT. Chandra Asri area. This investigation is driven by interpretation techniques with emotional thinking as a context-oriented examination. Data collection is carried out through hierarchy collection, integrated discussions, and documentation studies. Meanwhile, the sources of the research include pioneers of the city corridor, city and regional government officials, pioneers in the areas around the current area, and CSR implementers of PT. Chandra Asri, The results of the examination show that CSR training has been carried out by PT for some time. Chandra Asri at least when he was still under joint administration with medical staff, especially those related to assistance in the field of government, including health, education, social and activities in the field of government. The desperation of this examination gave rise to problems that occurred at PT. Chandra Asri, will be fully responsible for things that hinder the environmental climate. Because after air pollution by these substances occurs, its occupants experience diseases such as shortness of breath, weakness, stability and disease. The purpose of this study, researchers can understand and know the response of PT. Chandra Asri, to the surrounding community affected by chemicals and gas leaks carried out by PT. Chandra Asri.

Dampak modernitas Budaya Ngopi Terhadap Pembangunan Ekonomi Lokal di Jember

This study discusses the impact of coffee culture modernity on local economic development in Jember district, East Java. Coffee culture has become an important part of the lives of the people of Jember, but modernity has changed the way people enjoy coffee and has had a significant impact on the local economy. The existence of modernity has made a shift in people in Jember who initially drank coffee at coffee shops, now they prefer to drink coffee in modern cafes that are more prestigious. This can of course threaten the existence of simple coffee shops, because the capital they have is not large, making it difficult for them to keep up with the development of modern society that continues to develop all the time. In this study, we use the concept of the juggernaut modernity theory by Anthony Giddens, where in his theory it is explained that modern life is an uncontrollable world, where there is always a process of change that occurs on a large scale and with a deeper scope. This study uses a qualitative research method with an ethnographic approach. The results of the study show that modernity has quite an impact on the economy of the local community, such as the increase in employment due to the number of modern cafes to the emergence of the threat of alienation received by simple coffee shops.

Birhor Society and Culture: A Study on Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups of Jharkhand, India

A significant portion of the Indian population consists of tribal communities. The world's highest concentration of tribal people with diverse cultures is found exclusively in India. Tribal people are those who inhabit a specific region, have uniform cultural characteristics, and use basic technology. Tribes are recognized for their unique ethnic and cultural characteristics, but they are losing their unique identities as a result of massive and rapid urbanization and industrialization. Since the beginning of ethnographic research on Indian tribes, scientists have been interested in the unique livelihood practices of the Birhor, a particularly vulnerable tribal group (primitive tribal group) in Jharkhand. They have historically lived in forests and had a nomadic hunting and gathering lifestyle. Large-scale deforestation brought about by urbanization and industrialization has an impact on the entire culture and civilization. Their language and unique socio-cultural structure are undergoing rapid changes as a result of their increased exposure to modern culture through different government initiatives for tribal development, the modern educational system, etc. It is therefore necessary to investigate the evolving sociocultural patterns of the vulnerable "Birhor" tribe and to put appropriate strategies and programmes in place for the self-initiated preservation of indigenous tribal culture and identity. Keywords: Oral tradition, Social life, Economic life, Birhor, Jharkhand.

Contemporary interventions in counselling children and adolescents: A literature review

The purpose of this study was to investigate how therapeutic interventions for children and adolescents are evolving in modern culture. Emotional and behavioural problems are complicated and arise from a variety of factors, including familial dysfunction, academic stress, and social media demands. With an emphasis on articles over the last five years, this review conducted a thorough search of peer-reviewed journals and academic databases. Leading experts in the field’s pertinent books and chapters were also included. The review found that as young people navigated the complex challenges of the 21st century, the landscape of counselling interventions designed to support their mental health and well-being had undergone a significant transformation. Robust theoretical frameworks and key principles that prioritised developmental, holistic, and client-centered perspectives were found to underpin these approaches. Additionally, the review acknowledged the potential of technological advancements in enhancing the delivery and accessibility of counselling services for young people. In conclusion, it is crucial for mental health professionals to stay informed about contemporary best practices and to continually adapt their approaches to address the unique and evolving needs of children and adolescents. Thus, equipping counsellors with the knowledge and tools to provide effective care is crucial for improving youth mental health outcomes and enhancing the well-being of the next generation.

Deconstruction of Cultural Location: Evaluation of Dvija Kanai as the Pioneer of Namasudra Literature

Despite being one of the largest ethnic communities in Bengal delta, the Namasudras have never been acknowledged in the domain of production of knowledge, especially literature. The present article is a maiden attempt to locate the root of their literary heritage and to evaluate their contribution to literature. In this endeavour, the article transcends the Namasudra history that began in 1812, and goes beyond it, especially in the medieval period. It argues that the medieval folk poet Dvija Kanai who composed a folk ballad named Mahua was the first literary representative of this community. In this respect, this article deconstructs the modern literary culture of Namasudras, namely Dalit literature in which they have made a significant contribution. It argues that, unlike the modern Dalit Namasudra writers, the folk poet Dvija Kanai was the pioneer of Namasudra literature. 1

Cultural encounters between Kaehwagi Chosŏn and modern France represented in the works of Kim T’akhwan and Sin Kyŏngsuk

This paper investigates the diplomatic ties between Chosŏn and France during the Kaehwagi period, an enlightenment era in the Chosŏn Dynasty, through a comparative study of historical novels by Korean writers Kim T’akhwan and Sin Kyŏngsuk. Both authors feature Li Tsin, the first woman of her time to travel to Europe, who undergoes a transformative journey from a conservative Chosŏn lady to a modern, independent figure under the influence of French culture. The paper examines how Li's story reflects the complexities of a society caught between imperial powers and the role of modern Western culture in Korea. By analyzing the perspectives of major contemporary Korean writers on the notion of “the Other,” which represents the West and French modern culture, the study explores the significance of Li Tsin's life experiences and their impact on Korea's perception of the West. The paper aims to uncover the post-Eurocentric perspectives that have persisted from the Kaehwagi period to the present, and how the contemporary culture of France allowed for independent reflection, breaking romantic conventions and enabling an autonomous reception of French culture in Korea.