Cultural Knowledge Research Articles

The communal art of Roman poetry – CARMEN, an innovative training network

The communal art of Roman poetry – CARMEN, an innovative training network CARMEN explores Roman verse inscriptions as an important manifestation of communal art in Roman society. Our project helps to regain an eminent body of European folk art tradition. The reconceptualisation of this heritage emphasises the diversity of social and cultural performance. CARMEN ITN enables 11 doctoral students to engage in academic research, issues of cultural heritage and knowledge transfer.

Cultural orientation and knowledge: the effects on the Hispanic American whistleblower

Purpose This study aims to analyze the relationships between cultural orientation and normative knowledge, in a direct and moderate way, on the whistleblowing intentions of accountants from Hispanic American countries. Design/methodology/approach This study used responses from a sample of 410 accountants, preparers and auditors of financial statements from Hispanic American countries. Descriptive statistics, nonparametric tests and structural equations with partial least squares algorithm were applied for data analysis. Findings The results emphasized the cultural positioning of horizontality, in which an individual perceives themselves as equals to their colleagues, allowing discussions on various aspects of individual behavior. The knowledge variable is proved to be important in explaining the intention to report and can also moderate the influence of cultural variables on intentions. Practical implications These findings contribute to the literature by offering a clearer definition the normative knowledge variable, and to organizations, which can explore the research’s evidence to improve their training and qualification programs, thereby generating significant knowledge for their employees. Originality/value Whistleblowing is the main tool for identifying organizational frauds, but it is differently perceived in several cultural contexts. The results demonstrated the ethical cultural positioning of these Hispanic American professionals in relation to cultural aspects of other countries. Some studies highlight knowledge as a relevant factor in the organizational environment, but this study innovates by testing and demonstrating its impact on whistleblowing and culture.

Kerjasama Preservasi Koleksi Langka Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi dengan Perpustakaan Nasional

In a nation, libraries serve as centers for the management and preservation of knowledge, representing the intellectual wealth and cultural heritage of the nation. Therefore, library collections, especially rare manuscripts, require special attention due to their historical, cultural, and essential knowledge value. One of the libraries in Indonesia that possesses rare manuscripts is Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi. Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi collaborates with The National Library of Indonesia Perpustakaan Nasional to manage and preserve these rare manuscripts. This research is conducted to conduct an in-depth study of the outcomes and forms of the preservation collaboration of rare manuscripts between Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi and Perpustakaan Nasional, including its processes, benefits, challenges, and its impact on the community or readers, Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi, and Perpustakaan Nasional. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as observation and interviews. The research findings reveal that the preservation collaboration activities between Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi and Perpustakan Nasional are considered to run smoothly. Through this collaborative program, approximately 60 titles of rare manuscripts available at Perpustakaan Pusat Survei Geologi have been successfully digitized. The benefits of this collaboration are evident for both parties, although the impact on users is perceived as not yet having a significant effect.

Historic British Royal Memes

Historic British Royal Memes

Exploring the content validity of Clinical Cultural Competence Questionnaire in diverse cultures

Cultural competence is one component of effective communication between patients, families and healthcare professionals. Tools to assess physicians’ clinical cultural competencies need validity evidence. This paper describes Lawshe’s method for determining the Content Validity Index (CVI) for the Clinical Cultural Competence Questionnaire (CCCQ) for North America (NA), Pakistan (PK) and an international group (IG) using physician simulation educators (PSEs) for diverse cultures. Five simulation educators pilot-tested the CCCQ, and initial changes were made based on their feedback. A total of 10 PSEs experts from NA, 11 PSEs from PK and 10 PSEs from IG completed two rounds of validation testing using Lawshe’s CVI survey for the CCCQ. The PSEs rated each item of the CCCQ as ‘essential’, useful but not essential’ or ‘not useful’. Lawshe’s CVI was calculated for the initial CCCQ; the CCCQ was then modified for individual items, separately for each group, NA, PK and IG. The IG comprised PSEs from Bahrain, Oman, Qatar, KSA, UAE, Australia, Argentina, India and Israel. The survey response rate was 83.33% for NA and IG and 91.6% for PK, respectively. The CVI of the CCCQ in round 1 was 0.689 for NA, 0.545 for PK and 0.691 for IG. In the second round of the CCCQ, with modified items, the CVI was 0.89 for NA, 0.802 for PK and 0.862 for IG. The major modifications suggested by the PSEs were to remove the unnecessary items, e.g. demographic information and last medical school attended, as they were deemed unnecessary or reword them for better understanding and combine related items to reduce the length of the CCCQ survey. We also evaluated the comments of PSEs from NA, PK and IG to explore the similarities and differences in their opinions regarding the CCCQ tool items. Our research emphasizes the need to thoroughly examine questionnaire content in tools like the CCCQ to accurately capture the cultural competence knowledge, attitudes and skills crucial for healthcare providers in diverse settings.

Understanding Suicide from an Indigenous Cultural Lens: Insights from Elders in Canada.

In this study, Indigenous Elders in Canada were interviewed to explore their conceptualizations of death and dying, particularly in relation to suicide. Through reflexive thematic analysis, three key themes were developed: Indigenous conceptions of death and dying, Christian influences on views of suicide, and indirect suicide. The theme of Indigenous conceptualizations of death and dying included the subthemes of spirituality and life after death, highlighting the importance of spiritual beliefs in Indigenous culture and knowledge systems. The impact of Christian influences on views of suicide was also explored, with participants discussing the complex nature of the relationship between Christianity and Indigenous peoples. Finally, the theme of indirect suicide was analyzed, referring to deaths resulting from behaviors that do not necessarily fit within the conventional definition of suicide. Overall, this study highlights the importance of honoring Indigenous cultural knowledge in research related to suicide prevention in Indigenous communities.

Celebrating and Leveraging Classroom Geographic and Cultural Diversity to Enhance Student Learning

In the fall of 2022, we offered a pedagogically redesigned sociotechnical environmental engineering elective for junior and senior undergraduates that applied place-based and culturally sustaining pedagogies. The course featured a project designed to facilitate the celebration and leveraging of classroom geographic and cultural diversity to enhance student learning about water sustainability. We analyzed the students’ written project reflections using an inductive thematic analysis to explore whether and how the project and pedagogical model augmented student learning. The primary themes that emerged included: (1) deepened knowledge of home and culture; (2) global conceptualizations; (3) re-evaluation of perceptions and beliefs (in terms of water sustainability and personal relationships with water); and (4) future-facing viewpoints. We consider each of these ‘enhancements’ to the student learning because they extend beyond the course objectives and explore the sociotechnical aspect of engineering. The purpose of this paper is to share the course and project model, our findings from its implementation, and suggestions on how this pedagogical framework could be adapted and scaled to expand the learning of a range of topics at different learner levels.

Regenerasi Pengrajin Gerabah Perempuan di Pundong, Kasongan, dan Bayat dalam Mempertahankan NilaiNilai Kearifan Lokal Budaya Jawa

This research discusses women traditional pottery craftsmen in Pundong, Kasongan, and Bayat who are guardians of local cultural traditions in the midst of a global cultural ecosystem that is changing rapidly. This study aims to analyze the role of women in maintaining the values of local wisdom and how they deal with the influence of globalization on their traditional pottery crafts in relation to regeneration. The method used is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach model. Data collected included observations, interviews, and documentation in traditional pottery-making communities. Pottery craftsmen in Pundong, Kasongan, and Bayat play an important role as custodians of cultural knowledge, transmission of traditions, and innovation in pottery crafts. The expertise of traditional techniques, artistic expression, and cultural symbols is a testament to women's dedication in maintaining the values of local wisdom amid the pressures of the global cultural ecosystem. The results of this study contribute to a broader understanding of the importance of cultural preservation and regeneration efforts involving gender roles in learning the nation's character. Keywords: Women, Pottery Craftsman, Local Wisdom, Global

Reuniting orphaned cargoes: Recovering cultural knowledge from salvaged and dispersed underwater cultural heritage in Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia, with Indonesia at its core, was the epicentre of the most extraordinary expansion of global trade ever witnessed along the Maritime Silk Route. But this story is incomplete because many objects of trade, and the shipwrecks from which they originated, were salvaged and dispersed without adequate archaeological recording of the details of their find-spots. This article critically assesses the prevailing legislative and ethical landscape of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) in Indonesia, delineating the underlying tensions between economic interests and scientific imperatives. Our consortium of experts and heritage authorities proposes a resolution through the 'Reuniting Orphaned Cargoes' Project, which endeavours to re-establish the connection between two notable collections of Southeast Asian ceramics situated in Indonesia and Australia, tracing them back to the shipwrecks of their origins. Archaeological science can shed new light on the cultural significance of the two collections whilst also unveiling fresh insights into this defining epoch of world history. Moreover, this approach addresses unprovenienced UCH, and opens paths to implement and refine the operational guidelines of international heritage conventions that govern it. By reconnecting relevant communities with objects of material cultural heritage that languish in institutional and private collections, this ambitious project builds capacity and utilises UCH for sustainable development in Indonesia, and across Southeast Asia. If these objectives are realised, the project will enrich our understandings of the past and secure the preservation of UCH for generations to come.

Network modeling of aesthetic effect for Chinese Yue Opera costume simulation images

Abstract In the digital age, virtual simulation images have become an important communication form of Chinese traditional Yue Opera costumes and their culture. Focusing on the lay viewers’ aesthetic experience, we collected 16 subjective evaluations, including favorites of basic design elements, semantic impressions, and high-level aesthetic experience, of 257 participants on 5 virtual simulation pictures of Yue Opera costumes for different characters and used network analysis to explore the possible relationship of the variables. The inferred networks showed that the archetypal aesthetic was more relevant to the costume design elements, emotions, interests, and the sense of high level. The conspicuous clothing, understanding of creative intent, and the desire for cultural knowledge were key “bridges” in the aesthetic process. Although the aesthetic network of each costume varied partially based on character differences, it showed more similarities overall. On the basis of the findings, we discuss the possible theoretical basis of the networks and make practical suggestions for the virtual dissemination of Yue Opera costumes.

The Effectiveness of Role-Play Activity in Practicing EFL Learner’s Communicative Skills

The constant development of the world makes the status of communicative skills more and more significant. And the new curriculum standard also emphasizes the cultivation of students' comprehensive language use ability. As a kind of dramatic classroom activity, role-play activity can dramatize the static knowledge of language and culture and transform them into dynamic classroom activities, so that students can experience cultural differences, improve their listening and speaking skills, language organization and creativity, and improve their communicative skills in practice.

‘One of the last secret maestros’: Nicola Chiaromonte between Europe and America

ABSTRACT The article describes the transatlantic cultural mediation performed by Italian editor, critic and political activist Nicola Chiaromonte, focusing specifically on his relationships with figures from the mid-twentieth-century U.S. cultural formation known as the New York Intellectuals. Drawing heavily on unpublished correspondence and archival materials, it highlights how Chiaromonte – who in the 1930s belonged to influential Italian and French intellectual networks, as well as to the antifascist movement ‘Giustizia e Libertà’ – publicly and privately transmitted political ideas forged in the debates of the Italian antifascist diaspora and the intellectual matrix of interwar Paris to leftwing 1940s New York circles associated with literary and socio-political magazines such as Partisan Review (P.R.) and politics. After exploring Chiaromonte’s years as a refugee in Manhattan as a scene of formal and informal cultural mediation, it turns to his post-war role as co-editor of the Italian Congress for Cultural Freedom (C.C.F.) magazine Tempo Presente (T.P.), foregrounding this institutional role as a site of idea circulation and exchange that leveraged Chiaromonte’s transnational cultural knowledge and connections. The article emphasizes the significance of interpersonal relationships not only to Chiaromonte’s political vision but also as sites of transformational intellectual labour.

Multifaceted Analysis on the Role of Online Tools for Cultural and Knowledge Promotion during Exchange Program

With the advanced of information technology, various online interaction platforms have been developed. These online platforms are easy to use. Since the COVID-19 outbreak, their prominence increased due to the huge volume of user demands. For example, the public were required to rely on online tools to communicate during the lockdowns. After the pandemic, online tools have trickled into the lifestyle practice of the public. In this study, the findings indicated that there was a significant increase in the exposure, experience and digital skills in using the online tools after the pandemic. However, further investigation on the role of online tools in promoting cultural understanding and knowledge transfer has shown a mixed result. In particular, the findings have suggested that the role of online tools to promote cultural understanding need to be further strengthened via new approach. Future studies should focus on exploring the challenges in adopting online tools during the virtual exchange that has hindered the effectiveness of online tools to promote cultural understanding and knowledge transfer.

Assessing Narrative Space: From Setting to Narrative Environments

Abstract This essay addresses the insufficient attention paid in narrative theory to the reformulated concept of space resulting from the spatial turn in the analysis of narrative space. To address this lack of attention, the essay proposes the concept of “narrative environments” as a new lens for conceiving of narrative space that distinguishes it from setting. Narrative environments are the formal narrative expression of space: the combined social contextualization and historicization and environmental imaginings that have historically produced that space and are called forth in the narrative to build narrative space and its interactions with other narrative components. These are distinguished from “setting” in that the latter has been interpreted as textually self-sufficient, not relying on social and cultural knowledge. The article reviews recent debates on narrative space and their branching into the fields of critical geography and ecocriticism in order to bring the reenvisioned concept of space resulting from the spatial turn into the discussion. The functioning of this new perspective on space is illustrated through the analysis of island and ocean space and its narrative effects in J. M. Coetzee's Foe.

Pre-Translating Process in Literary Text

Literary translation represents a crucial sub-field of Translation Studies. This sub-category has inadvertently spurred researchers and academics to unleash practical and theoretical controversies. It involves transferring canonical literary genres into different languages and cultures. While the genres themselves may not stem from similar experiences or similar perceptions of the world, they share the same concern of addressing cultural, historical, philosophical, and religious innermost thoughts of the people and countries they represent. Thus, if these various genres are not properly repainted in a different language and culture, many of the finest pieces of literature produced by well-known writers will remain beyond reach and/or lost. This paper attempts a translation assessment of the Arabic oriental mythology of Sindbad al-Rahhal at the extra-textual level translates into English as Sindbad and the Sailor. It, therefore, applies Nord’s Model (2005) and compares the Arabic version of the story with its English counterpart as traversed from the East to the West by Malcolm C. Lyons (2008) in order to examine the extra-textual factors of the ST and TT. Eventually, this will invite discussion in this paper on issues such as background knowledge, literary expertise, and cultural knowledge as essential factors for translators before they embark on their mission. The results of the current study reveal that Nord’s Model (2005) is applicable to the ST and TT.

Norwegian, Danish—or French? A Scattered Missal and Its Provenance

Abstract: Most books that existed in medieval Norway and Denmark are now lost or exist only in fragmentary form. The fragment collections of the Norwegian and Danish National Archives and the Royal Library in Copenhagen hold thousands of remnants of manuscripts, an invaluable source of knowledge of medieval book culture. The entwined history of Norway and Denmark represents a potential methodological challenge, as fragments from the same manuscript can sometimes be found scattered among collections in the two countries. This article examines such a case, showing how a single fragment from a twelfth-century missal in the National Archives in Norway was matched with several fragments in the Danish collections. The identifications, which were rendered possible by increased access to digital images, provide new insights into the missal’s likely origin and medieval provenance, putting us on the trail of an important Danish scriptorium.

Application of Bronze Drum Culture Gene Extraction in Product Design

The bronze drum stands as a profound testament to the rich historical and cultural tapestry of China's diverse ethnic minorities. Beyond being a mere artifact, it serves as an intricate art form that harmoniously melds manufacturing, craftsmanship, music, and dance. With its exceptional historical significance, the bronze drum is rightfully recognized as an intangible cultural heritage, embodying a legacy that transcends time. This article centers its focus on traditional bronze drums, specifically honing in on samples representing eight distinct types from the Zhuang people in Guangxi. Employing pattern induction and the semantic induction method, the research investigates the psychological perception and cognition of Guangxi Zhuang Bronze Drums. The research methodology employed is comprehensive and structured, involving a meticulous process: initially gathering data from various channels about bronze drums, subsequently delving into the nuanced historical and cultural backdrop, and meticulously exploring the artistic characteristics inherent in these remarkable instruments. Further enhancing the analysis, spectrum analysis is utilized to discern the intricate patterns and semantics of bronze drums, paving the way for a nuanced understanding of their characteristics. Building on this foundation, the article proposes a thoughtful redesign of the characteristic genes, offering a bridge between tradition and contemporary design. The research seamlessly intertwines genetic knowledge of bronze drum culture, systematically extracting the cultural genes embedded within the elaborate patterns. Practical examples are judiciously employed to underscore the feasibility and efficacy of these cultural genes, presenting a wellspring of inspiration for emerging designers. Beyond the realms of mere product development, the cultural gene theory propounded in this research opens new vistas for the inheritance and application of traditional bronze drums in design. This infusion of fresh perspectives not only renders contemporary design more personalized and humane but also significantly enhances the artistic depth and cultural resonance of design in our daily lives.

Revitalization of Zhangzhou Woodblock New Year Paintings: A Fusion of Cultural Heritage and Interactive Narrative in the Era of Internet+

The paper concentrates on the historical and practical importance of the well-known Zhangzhou woodblock new year paintings by applying the literary analysis method. Zhangzhou woodblock new year paintings are an essential component of the region's cultural legacy, despite their decrease due to many factors. They are nevertheless highly valuable cultural artifacts. This article aims to promote public awareness and knowledge of traditional culture by offering creative ideas and strategies for the design and promotion of Zhangzhou woodblock prints as culturally creative products. Zhangzhou woodblock prints are a dynamic, customizable art form that can be tailored to the tastes of the user, and they are made easier to exhibit and distribute with the use of Internet technology. Zhangzhou woodblock new year paintings can combine tradition and modernity to promote and expand, explore the combination of traditional culture and modern technology, and enhance the influence of Zhangzhou woodblock new year paintings in contemporary society. The key to the sustainable development of the cultural industry lies in further exploring and integrating interactive narratives in cultural products. The combination of internet technology and interactive narrative can inject new vigour and creativity into Zhangzhou woodblock prints, while also paving new paths for the sustainable development of the cultural industry.

Gamo's cultural forum-Dubussha as a tool for social change communication: Illiteracy and child labor abuse as a case in point

This study investigated the instrumental potential of Gamo's traditional dialogue forum-Dubussha-for social change communication in general, using illiteracy and child labour abuse as a case in point. The study went on to analyze the motive that when traditions pave the way for new ways of life and thinking, changes are more applicable and transformative. As a result, this study sought to apply current values in a more local context and discovered that using culture as a vehicle for transformation yielded positive results. The two most popular tactics used to satisfy the study's goal of gathering information from largely alternatively educated respondents were intensive interviews and focus group discussions. Since cultural societies' skills, expertise, and knowledge are intricately related to their culture, the qualitative technique was effective in understanding and testing the research questions of this study. According to the study's objectives, three different focus group discussions (FGDs) were held in the Dita, Daramalo, and Chencha districts. Participants in the focus groups ranged in age, gender, and cultural background. Each FGD session included a diverse variety of participants, including women, men, student participants, and cultural leaders (Haleqas and/or Hudugas (opinion leaders). The FGD had 27 participants until it was full. Participants, facilitators, and in-depth interviewees were also purposively chosen. Finally, the study's findings indicated that Dubussha had a large potential for social change communication, particularly to reduce illiteracy and child labour abuse. Given that the cultural communication forum, Dubussha, is the major pillar of Gamo society's psychosocial structure, its use as an effective instrument for social change communication produced significant outcomes. Despite the gender and age differences in the application of "Dubussha," the outcome, acceptance, and glory of Dubussha among the Gamo community remained consistent.

A process for Indigenous community research through meaningful engagement with Grandmother’s Bay

Historically, research partnerships between Indigenous communities and academic institutions were often harmful for communities; wise ways of achieving more balanced and just relationships are emerging. This project focuses on the research partnership between Grandmother’s Bay and the University of Saskatchewan with the objectives of providing knowledge on initiating Indigenous community-based research and maintaining good relationships between collaborators. One-on-one interviews were conducted with participants and analysed using etuaptmumk (two-eyed seeing), a thematic analysis approach. These themes indicated that research partnerships must proceed through relationships of trust that provide meaningful results and benefit to the community; that traditional approaches, culture, and intergenerational knowledge sharing are key to the research; effective communication and the Indigenous language are encouraged where possible; and ownership, creative design, and dissemination of the research belong to community. This project is the beginning of an ongoing relationship between Grandmother’s Bay and University of Saskatchewan.