Distinct Cultures Research Articles

Dietary patterns in rural and metropolitan Australia: a cross-sectional study exploring dietary patterns, inflammation and association with cardiovascular disease risk factors

ObjectivesThis study sought first to empirically define dietary patterns and to apply the novel Dietary Inflammation Score (DIS) in data from rural and metropolitan populations in Australia, and second to...

Dynamic remodeling of Escherichia coli interactome in response to environmental perturbations.

Proteins play an essential role in the vital biological processes governing cellular functions. Most proteins function as members of macromolecular machines, with the network of interacting proteins revealing the molecular mechanisms driving the formation of these complexes. Profiling the physiology-driven remodeling of these interactions within different contexts constitutes a crucial component to achieving a comprehensive systems-level understanding of interactome dynamics. Here, we apply co-fractionation mass spectrometry and computational modeling to quantify and profile the interactions of ∼2000 proteins in the bacterium Escherichia coli cultured under 10 distinct culture conditions. The resulting quantitative co-elution patterns revealed large-scale condition-dependent interaction remodeling among protein complexes involved in diverse biochemical pathways in response to the unique environmental challenges. The network-level analysis highlighted interactome-wide biophysical properties and structural patterns governing interaction remodeling. Our results provide evidence of the local and global plasticity of the E. coli interactome along with a rigorous generalizable framework to define protein interaction specificity. We provide an accompanying interactive web application to facilitate the exploration of these rewired networks.

Typology of parliamentary control bodies in democratic constitutions of the world

The article reveals the most characteristic features of the democratic constitutions of the world of parliamentary control over the observance of human and citizen rights by the state administration. Various types of bodies of parliamentary control over the practical implementation of the rights and freedoms of man and citizen declared by the constitutions are shown. Their list includes parliamentary or constitutional commissions for their protection, commissions for the protection of the rights of national minorities, representatives of non-traditional religions, in matters of castes, tribes, territory management and improvement of tribes, backward classes, official language, commissions for the development and protection of cultural, religious and linguistic rights communities, commissions on gender equality, commissions on petitions, commissions on motions, boards of people's human rights protection, radio broadcasting and television councils, councils for the protection of citizens' rights. It was concluded that the idea of control of compliance by officials with laws or simply customs and rules of behavior in society originated in the ancient world and continued its development during the Middle Ages. The division of laws into secular and ecclesiastical led to the emergence of the «law of justice» and the position of «lord chancellor», which turned out to be the prototype of the modern position of the ombudsman. With the adoption of democratic constitutions, a system of parliamentary standards for law enforcement by government officials was established. It covers general declarations of human and citizen rights and freedoms, guarantees of their protection by various state bodies, collective bodies, general or narrowly profiled, personal positions elected by parliaments, appointed by governments, monarchs, presidents, single or multiple, combined, with or without deputies , as well as regional and international organizations. At the current stage of the development of humanity and international legal science and political culture, universal legal values are actively developed ‒ generally recognized legal standards, models, benchmarks, principles, norms, procedures, etc., which have a global character and influence the development of all legal systems of the world to varying degrees. On the other hand, the identity of national law, the style of popular thinking, traditions, motives and approaches to legal regulation, as well as the distinctiveness of the legal culture of each country, are preserved.

Analisis Sanitasi Dasar Wilayah Pesisir Dusun Talaga Ratu

Coastal communities are a group of people who live together inhabiting coastal areas and then form and have a distinctive culture related to their dependence on the use of coastal resources. Basic sanitation is a minimum environmental health requirement that every family must have to meet their daily needs. The scope of basic sanitation is the provision of clean water, disposal of household waste, provision of healthy latrines and clean water facilities. The purpose of this research is to identify basic sanitation in Waitasi Hamlet. The type of research method used is descriptive observation research. Based on the results, it can be concluded that clean water facilities with clean water supply facilities in the Waitasi Hamlet community which have their own, odorless, colorless, tasteless as much as 1 4 KK (93.3%). facilities for the availability of clean water that are not their own, odorless, colorless, tasteless as much as 1 family (6.7%). Family latrine facilities in the Waitasi hamlet community have not met the requirements for providing family latrines that are not in the form of a goose neck and have a septic tank of 10 families (66.7%). for latrines that are not swan neck, and have a lid, channeled to the river/kolam are 2 families (13.7%) and for latrines with a goose neck saptic tank it is 1 household (6.7%). Waste water disposal facilities in the Dusun Waitasi community do not meet the SPAL requirements and are channeled into open sewers as many as 6 people (40.0%), who have impregnated and do not pollute water sources (distance to water source >10 meters) as many as 6 people (40.0) , and 3 people who have SPAL and have closed sewers (City Channels) for further processing (20.0%). Most of the waste disposal facilities in the Dusun Waitasi community do not meet the requirements, namely 11 families (73.3%). people do not have waste disposal facilities and tend to use plastic bags, sacks and boxes for temporary disposal and then throw them to the beach and rivers. there are 4 families (36.7) that have garbage disposal facilities but are not watertight.

Biologically-Relevant Staphylococcus Aureus Biofilm Phenotype Characterisation And Liability To Novel Antibiofilm Drugs.

To characterise the biofilm matrix composition of a newly described Staphylococcus aureus biofilm phenotype. This experimental study was conducted at the Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt, from January 2021 to March 2022, and comprised methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-forming clinical isolates which were allowed to construct biofilms under two distinct culture conditions; one a commonly used condition, and the other one a novel, more biologically-relevant condition. The formed biofilms were analysed for matrix composition through treatment with proteinase,sodium meta-periodate, and streptokinase. The efficacy of Cis-2-Decenoic acid and hamamelitannin on the biologically-relevant biofilms was evaluated using biofilm viability assay based on a colorimetric assay for measuring cell metabolic activity and scanning electron microscope imaging. Data was analysed using GraphPad Prism 5.01. Of the 58 isolates, 45(77.6%) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 13(22.4%) were methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. There was significant difference in responses to streptokinase, proteinase and sodium meta-periodate (p<0.05) among the differentially-developed biofilms in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Regarding the methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates, the differentially-developed biofilms showed significantly different liabilities to streptokinase only (p<0.05). Mean biofilm inhibition for Cis-2- Decenoic acid was 54.27±27.93% and mean biofilm dispersion was 71.92±11.59% while the corresponding valuesfor hamamelitannin were 83.03±13.95% and 70.48±7.116% against the newly described methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm phenotype. Applying biologically-relevant culture conditions on staphylococci biofilms and antibiofilm drugs is recommended.

Weaving First Nations, Inuit, and Métis principles and values into health research processes

ObjectivesIn the Spring of 2021, a research team from the Dalla Lana School of Public Health completed environmental scans on nine key health-related topics to develop an anti-Indigenous racism strategy for health systems in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. To ensure we (Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers) were respecting First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples, cultures, worldviews, and research methods, we weaved three frameworks of Indigenous values and principles together to create a conceptual foundation for undertaking the environmental scans. Study Design and SettingIn discussions with First Nations Elders, Métis Senators, and our research team, we chose the Seven Grandfather Teachings (Anishinaabe, a specific First Nation's life values), Inuit Qaujimajatuqangit (Inuit societal values), and the Métis Principles of Research. Further discussions provided insights for each of these guiding principles used in research projects with Indigenous peoples. ResultsThrough this research, we created a weaved framework reflecting the three distinct Indigenous cultures in Canada; First Nations, Métis, and Inuit. ConclusionThe Weaved Indigenous Framework for Research was created for researchers to use as a guiding document as they embark upon health research with Indigenous communities. Inclusive, culturally responsive research frameworks are needed within Indigenous health research to ensure each culture can be respected and honored.

The ethnic food system of Jaad Bhotiya tribal community in the Gangotri landscape of western Himalaya: a transition in traditional practices

Traditional foods of Indigenous peoples are composed of ingredients from the local environment that are culturally acceptable. The Indian Himalayan region is known for its diverse tribal population, and each of them exhibits a distinct food culture. The present study has been conducted first time to document the diverse traditional food practices of Jaad Bhotiya, a lesser-known tribe of the Gangotri landscape, Uttarakhand, India. The community holds a varied range of ethnic foods; however, 13 traditional dishes are described in the present article. This study reflects a clear understanding of their preference, importance, and causes of transitions. It is noteworthy that the elders were highly attached to ethnic foods while the younger generation has limited fondness for it. The current transitional pattern is an issue of concern for policymakers, anthropologists, and the community itself. Nonetheless, a holistic policy approach to conserve traditional foods may provide an opportunity to sustain these unique practices.

The Fusion of Ancient and Contemporary: A Visual Rhetoric Analysis of the Visual Representation of Shaanxi in the Opening and Closing Ceremonies of the National Games

In recent years, the improvement of city image has become an important topic of concern, at the same time, the hosting of mega-events has become an indispensable part of building city image. Therefore, the impact of mega-events on city image has attracted widespread attention in the academic community. However, the current analysis of the impact of mega-events on city image improvement from the perspective of visual rhetoric has not received much attention. Thus, against this background, this study focuses on the visual turn of shaping city image in the Internet era, using the opening and closing ceremonies of the Xi'an National Games as an example. The author has coded the Shaanxi elements in the opening and closing ceremonies of the National Games and created a chart using the visual grammar framework. The study shows that Shaanxi elements can be classified into four types: signs, buildings, natural landscape and distinctive cultures. Based on the interactive meaning in visual grammar analysis, the author analyzes the presentation, function, and meaning of Shaanxi elements from two aspects: the "social distance" represented by lens language and the "attitude" represented by viewing angle. These Shaanxi elements ultimately built an image of Shaanxi with strong economic and cultural strength, distinctive characteristics, inheritance, and innovation. The image of Shaanxi spread by the National Games has become a vivid memory of a generation, and the construction of the image has also become a manifestation of the enhancement of Shaanxi's international communication ability.

Examining the cultural differences in disseminating green supply chain in global subsidiaries

Multinational corporations (MNCs) are composed of subsidiaries with different cultures, and such culture differences between headquarters and subsidiaries have been conceptually proposed to negatively affect headquarters disseminating green initiatives to their subsidiaries. Despite MNCs vast size and cross-national-border influence on green innovation, very few empirical efforts have been devoted to examine the culture distance challenge. Drawing on Cultural Contingency Theory (CCT) and Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV), this research collected data from 141 senior managers in charge of green initiatives from subsidiaries in 39 countries of an MNC. We empirically investigate how national cultural distance influences subsidiaries’ green supply chain (GSCM) adoption levels, and how headquarters can alleviate such cultural influence. Our results show that, though cultural distance has a negative influence on headquarters-subsidiary green compatibility, we empirically validate that headquarters can overcome this cultural-distance problem by strategically using cultural similarity in response to each distinctive culture embedded in subsidiaries to strengthen a shared vision. Specifically, four cultural characteristics can strengthen the shared vision, including low individualism, low uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and a long-term orientation. MNCs can eventually benefit from the cross-culture cooperation in disseminating GSCM if headquarters can choose a cultural mechanism that best suits local subsidiary.

Comparative Analysis Between Banking and Insurance Sector on Perception of Transformational Leadership Styles

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the differences in leadership styles prevalent in the public sector with those working in the banking and insurance industries. Cluster variables from both industries included in the analysis are as follows: Idealized influence, inspiring motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration are all components of leadership. Theoretical Framework: Due to its apparent efficacy, transformational leadership has received a lot of attention from public sector researchers over the past decade. Successful leaders alter their teams by enlisting their followers' help in effecting change. A transformational leader is one who "transforms" their followers by inspiring them to make positive personal and professional shifts. Design / Methodology / Approach:The study is exploratory research design using Quantitative data collected from the Banking and Insurance sector employees. The study uses a well-structured questionnaire using Likert scale items. The sample was chosen on Convenience basis from 5 select public sector Insurance companies and 5 select public sector Insurance companies. 100 Questionnaires each were distributed and 97 valid responses were selected for banking industry and 90 responses from Insurance Industry were selected for the study. Paired t test using SPSS software was utilised for analysing the data in the study. Findings:The findings of the study show that there is significant difference between the leadership styles practices in Banking and Insurance industry. The banking sector employees showed a greater inclination towards transformational leadership with higher mean scores and statistically significant outcomes. Research Implications: Banking and insurance each have their own distinct cultures and management philosophies; as a result, they cannot be studied as a single entity under the umbrella of the BFSI sector. Additional research on the various leadership styles currently in use within the banking and insurance sectors is necessary. Originality/Value: There are no studies related comparative analysis between Insurance and Banking industry on the leadership styles in Public sector.

DISTINCTIVELY HUMAN? MEANING‐MAKING AND WORLD SHAPING AS CORE PROCESSES OF THE HUMAN NICHE

AbstractPart of the task in studying human evolution is developing a deep understanding of what we share, and do not share, with other life, as a mammal, a primate, a hominin, and as members of the genus Homo. A key aspect of this last facet is gained via the examination of the genus Homo across the Pleistocene. By at least the later Pleistocene members of the genus Homo began to habitually insert shared meaning into and onto their world forming one of the bases of contemporary human abilities to develop a distinctive human niche and human culture. Meaning‐laden cultural dynamics constitute the core of a ubiquitous semiotic ecosystem, which in turn structures the architecture of the complex niches and niche construction processes that characterize humanity today. Here, I offer a summary of Pleistocene evolution of the genus Homo and an argument for when and how that extensive and distinctive capacities for shared meaning‐making and a particularly dynamic niche construction emerged.

Exploration of fish gut-associated actinobacteria for its antifouling activity.

An attempt has been made to screen the fish gut-associated actinobacterial cultures for antifouling compounds. Fifteen morphologically distinct bacterial cultures were recovered from the biofouling samples scraped from the boat surfaces and other maritime structures in the Kovalam beach (Lat. 12.7870°N; Long. 80.2504°E) coastal areas in Tamil Nadu, India. All the bacterial isolates were identified at generic level from which two isolates namely KB6 and KB7 as Staphylococcus sp. were found the exhibit strong biofilm formation. Four actinobacterial strains viz., IM20, PYA9, F8, and SQA4 were evaluated for inhibitory properties against biofouling bacteria using the agar plug method. Strain IM20 which strongly inhibited the biofouling bacteria was chosen as prospective strain for further studies. When compared to submerged fermentation, IM20 produced a high amount of antifouling chemicals on the agar surface fermentation. Among the solvents tested, better extraction of antifouling compounds was seen in ethyl acetate extract. Antifouling compound production by the strain IM20 was found to be influenced by a number of variables such as glucose, fructose, glutamine, malt extract, pH 7 and 9, temperature 30 and 40° C and NaCl at 2.5% and 5% concentrations. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the strain IM20 extract revealed the presence of pyrrolo (1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro) in significant amount. In the present study, the fish gut-associated Streptomyces sp. IM20 was identified as an unusual and newly added source for the isolation of antifouling compounds.

A Historiography of Rajbangshi Literature

The rich cultural past of the Rajbangshi people is reflected in the historiography of Rajbangshi literature, which offers an engrossing tale. This paper intends to investigate the historical growth and evolution of Rajbangshi literature, highlighting the various socio-cultural influences that have influenced its course.The Rajbangshi people are an indigenous group that is mostly found in the Indian states of West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Bangladesh. They have their own distinctive language and culture. Poetry, folk ballads, folk tales, dramas, and novels are just a few of the many genres represented in their literature, all of which offer insights into their social, historical, and political realities. The development of Rajbangshi literature and its interaction with local, linguistic, and colonial factors are critically examined in this historiography. It explores the early oral traditions and folklore idioms that formed the basis for Rajbangshi literary productions. The paper studies the contributions of significant Rajbangshi writers and focuses on their ideological viewpoints, stylistic advances, and subject interests. The study also examines how Rajbangshi literature promotes cultural identity, questions societal norms, and addresses current concerns including immigration, language assimilation, and land rights. It also looks at how important literary movements, including the Bengal Renaissance, impacted the growth of Rajbangshi literature and its interaction with more general literary currents in the area. It aims to contribute to the greater conversation on underrepresented literary traditions by highlighting the socio-cultural importance of Rajbangshi literature within the broader framework of regional literature. This study aims to promote awareness and acknowledgment for this unique literary legacy by providing light on the historical and cultural aspects of Rajbangshi literature. It also emphasises how crucial it is to keep Rajbangshi literature alive and well for future generations in order to maintain the literary landscape's overall richness.

Nama Jurus Silat di Perguruan Cacag Lembang sebagai Refleksi Karakteristik Masyarakat Betawi

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The characteristics of the Betawi people cannot only be seen from their behavior, but can be found in many ways. Generally, people will instill their character in important things that can indicate their identity. Example, such as pouring it into the distinctive culture of the community itself, one thing that can be seen is pencak silat. The purpose of this research is to describe the meaning of the Betawi martial arts moves and reveal the reflection of the characteristics of the Betawi people in the name of the martial arts moves at the Cacag Lembang college. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method with an anthropolinguistic approach. The data or corpus in this study are the names of the martial arts moves at the Cacag Lembang Silat College which includes the names of all the moves, their meanings, and the origins of their names. Data was taken directly through observation by observing when there were routine exercises and interviews with the head of the college. Analysis begins with searching data through the process of field notes, documentation, and interviews. Data found is arranged systematically by organizing the data in a category, describing it in units, synthesizing it, rearranging it in a pattern, selecting important data, and ending with drawing conclusions. The results of the study from 20 naming data, there are 6 characteristic reflections that are reflected in the naming of the martial arts, belief in religion, peace-loving, tough and principled, spontaneous, hardworking, and brave.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Nama Jurus Silat di Perguruan Cacag Lembang sebagai Refleksi Karakteristik Masyarakat Betawi

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The characteristics of the Betawi people cannot only be seen from their behavior, but can be found in many ways. Generally, people will instill their character in important things that can indicate their identity. Example, such as pouring it into the distinctive culture of the community itself, one thing that can be seen is pencak silat. The purpose of this research is to describe the meaning of the Betawi martial arts moves and reveal the reflection of the characteristics of the Betawi people in the name of the martial arts moves at the Cacag Lembang college. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive research method with an anthropolinguistic approach. The data or corpus in this study are the names of the martial arts moves at the Cacag Lembang Silat College which includes the names of all the moves, their meanings, and the origins of their names. Data was taken directly through observation by observing when there were routine exercises and interviews with the head of the college. Analysis begins with searching data through the process of field notes, documentation, and interviews. Data found is arranged systematically by organizing the data in a category, describing it in units, synthesizing it, rearranging it in a pattern, selecting important data, and ending with drawing conclusions. The results of the study from 20 naming data, there are 6 characteristic reflections that are reflected in the naming of the martial arts, belief in religion, peace-loving, tough and principled, spontaneous, hardworking, and brave.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

We Are All Monsters: Radical Relationality During Planetary Crisis

Earth’s climate is ever changing; yet for the first time in our planet’s history, Homo sapiens are the primary agents of this change. With this realization in mind, some geologists hope to rename our current terrestrial epoch the Anthropocene. Critical theorists have responded with alternate names – such as the Capitalocene or the Plantationocene – that point directly to the kinds of human activity that have led our planet to its current predicament. This paper begins with the premise that we are currently living through what environmental philosopher and multispecies feminist theorist Donna J. Haraway has named the Chthulucene: the age of monsters. If rationalocentric thinking of Enlightened Man helped bring about the Anthropocene, then what kind of worlds can emerge by turning away from Man and towards a radical reimagining of ourselves as monsters? What can chthonic stories teach us about how to live and die well together during a time of mass extinction? Drawing primarily from the emerging interdisciplinary field of art, science, and technology studies (ASTS), this paper offers a creatively narrated analysis of three chthonic narratives: Cold War satirical film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, Octavia E. Butler’s post-nuclear-apocalyptic novel Dawn, and my own psychotic episodes involving nuclear apocalypse. These narratives, along with the Chthulucene itself, challenge the Western cultural distinction between the real and the imagined in order to make room for radical forms of relationality that can change how we Earthly beings identify, respond to, and care for each other as we collectively move through our planetary crisis and into other possible worlds.

Denpasar City Branding as Tourism Development Strategy: Law Branding Aspect Point of View

One of the tour programs that have gained popularity for tourists in Bali is Denpasar City Tour. Denpasar is typically able to deliver persistence of heritage site in Gajah Mada and uniqueness of Badung and Kumbasari Market as places of interests, so it make this city as one of well-known places of interest, especially for its distinctive culture. Tourists’ visit throughout the year make possible creation of small scale business for the city residents. This potential is strengthened by the motto of the city “Sewaka Dharma” or Serving is Duty. Therefore, it is really required law enforcement in order to promote the philosophy of its motto that inspire the people passion in creating a competitive advantage of Denpasar city branding. The aforementioned regulation is Law Number 15 of 2001 that can regulate it.

OptoRheo: Simultaneous in situ micro-mechanical sensing and imaging of live 3D biological systems

Biomechanical cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) are essential for directing many cellular processes, from normal development and repair, to disease progression. To better understand cell-matrix interactions, we have developed a new instrument named ‘OptoRheo’ that combines light sheet fluorescence microscopy with particle tracking microrheology. OptoRheo lets us image cells in 3D as they proliferate over several days while simultaneously sensing the mechanical properties of the surrounding extracellular and pericellular matrix at a sub-cellular length scale. OptoRheo can be used in two operational modalities (with and without an optical trap) to extend the dynamic range of microrheology measurements. We corroborated this by characterising the ECM surrounding live breast cancer cells in two distinct culture systems, cell clusters in 3D hydrogels and spheroids in suspension culture. This cutting-edge instrument will transform the exploration of drug transport through complex cell culture matrices and optimise the design of the next-generation of disease models.

Cultural Marginalization and Mental Health

Cultural marginalization refers to the process of being on the fringe of two distinct cultures. Culture represents the values, beliefs, knowledge, and norms that are common to a group of people. Globalization contributes to an increasingly diverse population and leads to frequent interaction, collaboration, and sharing of space between various cultures. Cultural minority groups experience varied stages of acculturation with the dominant culture which may have an impact on physical and mental health. Understanding the marginalizing experiences of cultural minority groups creates a more accommodating social environment and helps provide culturally safe healthcare experiences for these people.

Indigenous Island Autonomy and Special Economic Zone Status: Developmental tensions of Jeju Free International City, South Korea

Islands are associated with both high levels of autonomous status and sovereign status on the one hand and the creation of exceptional spaces on the other, both linked with the development of distinctive island cultures. This article argues that there is a tension between these tendencies, as is illustrated by the case of Jeju Island, South Korea. Jeju is a self-governing province and subnational island jurisdiction (SNIJ). Its autonomy is rooted in contested understandings of Jeju natives as an Indigenous people, distinct from the people of the Korean Peninsula. In practice, however, Jeju’s autonomy is used as a tool for containing a special economic zone (SEZ) aimed at attracting foreign direct investment (FDI) to South Korea as a whole. By taking an island studies approach, this paper shows how Jeju’s ostensible Indigenous autonomy has been compromised by the island’s use as an exceptional space crafted in conscious relation to the mainland. Key governance mechanisms on Jeju do not prioritise Indigenous rights. Studies of island political and economic development require careful analysis of how diverse political and economic processes are influenced by islandness itself.