Cultural Categories Research Articles

Evaluation of Cultural Content on English Module of 9th Grade Students Published by Indonesia’s Government during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 Pandemic affects all sectors in every side of the world. The education side is also becoming one of the most affected areas due to this situation. Indonesia’s government made a regulation for conducting distance learning almost in the past two years. By creating this regulation, they also made a module for the teachers and students with the aim of facilitating the education field so it could achieve the materials planned in the general syllabus of Indonesia’s curriculum even though they have to do distance learning. The cultural content is usually found in the English module or textbooks. Culture as one of the national identities should be taught to the students as young as they are. There are three categories of cultural content as follows: source culture, target culture, and international target culture. The descriptive qualitative method will be used in this study since it is aimed to classify and evaluate the cultural content found in the English module used by the 9th grade students in Indonesia and discuss the most appropriate culture that should be taught to junior high school students when it comes to the education in the digital age. The findings of this study show that most cultural categories occurred is from the target culture that is the US and UK culture followed by the source culture. Then, the most cultural elements found in the English module are in a form of product, person, and practice in a line. There is no perspective element found in this study. Since the aim of learning by using this module is for mastering the target language (English), it is acceptable when the target culture is easier to find compared to the source or international target culture. The need of module evaluation here hopefully can help the teachers to select the appropriate sources for the teaching and learning materials in the English classroom, especially in junior high school.

Women have no honour of their own

Abstract This article presents a corpus-based Cultural-Linguistic study of the usage of the word honour in Pakistani and Indian Englishes, addressing underlying cultural conceptualizations of the notion of honor. Honor emerges as a complex cultural model which involves several cultural schemas, cultural categories and other cultural conceptualizations, in which women are cast as responsible protectors and upholders of the honor of men, families, and communities, their bodies being the very locus of men’s honor. The study is based on a relatively simple qualitative and quantitative analysis of two specialized corpora representing discourse on honor and related phenomena in Pakistani and Indian Englishes.

Chortomlyk amphora as a modification of golden “vorvorkas”: the scythian tradition in a component of a masterpiece of greek-scythian torevtics

Regarding the possible functional purpose of gold “vorvorkas” (cone-shaped pendants) — one of the mysterious categories of Scythian material culture, many options have been proposed. Some researchers suggest the possibility of their use as ritual items. In this case, it makes sense to pay attention to the Chortomlyk silver amphora, which, in terms of shape, material, manufacturing technique, character of decoration, archaeological context, and finally, functional purpose, finds more or less exact matches among gold cones. Thus, the design of the amphora consists of several “vorvorkas” connected to each other in different ways. Like a number of cone-shaped pendants, the amphora was part of a table “service” made up of several vessels. The plots of the decoration of the golden cones — scenes of tearing, plant compositions or decorations with the participation of anthropomorphic characters correspond to the ornamentation of the Chortomlyk amphora. Decors of “vorvorkas” and amphorae are reproduced in the tradition of “inverted” compositions. Cones, amphorae and also rhytons belong to the category of “flowing” dishes. A possible evidence of the connection of the amphora with the golden cones is the image of a “vorvorka” on the gorytos of one of the characters on the middle frieze of the amphora. This cone can be considered as a certain hint made by the torevtic master, a kind of allusion to the origin of the idea of the Chortomlyk amphora itself. Thus, just like the pectoral from the Tovsta Mohyla in relation to the traditional Scythian jewelry — hryvna (torque), the Chortomlyk amphora appears as a kind of complicated modification of cones. This, in turn, allows proposing several new options for the possible use of these pendants — for pouring of wine from amphorae into drinking vessels, as a volume measure that allowed controlling the distribution of wine, or as a wine purification device that provided its filtration and was associated with the algorithm of the ancient ritual for purifying soma (haoma) and preparing the sacred drink of immortality — amrita.

On the media representation of the universal category of culture "sinfulness"

This article aims to analyze the manifestation of the universal axiological cultural category of sinfulness in the media space. The study's subject was this category's properties and functions, which are actualized when represented in digital media. In accordance with this goal, we used such methods as continuous sampling and observation of the facts of the representation of cultural categories, which allowed us to determine the linguistic material for analysis and a statistical method for quantitative analysis. The content analysis of the units selected for the study was used to identify the role, properties, and main functions of the universal axiological category of sinfulness. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that, for the first time, the universal nature of the category of sinfulness, its functions and properties, represented in media publications, were considered. Main conclusions: the study of the facts of actualization of the category of sinfulness in the media space allowed us to assert that the phenomenon under study is associated with topics such as politics, crime (in news media), and the assessment of citizens' behavior and morality (in religious media). These facts indicate that the primary function of the category of sinfulness is regulatory, aimed at evaluating and correcting the actions of members of society, as well as creating public opinion. In addition, the article proves that the category of sinfulness has transcultural properties, penetrating and being realized in all cultural layers, from local to global. In these cultural layers, the nature of the category acquires a different shade. In particular, at the global level, the category of sinfulness acquires the meaning of guilt, which is a consequence of the significant influence of Western culture on the global culture. It seems that the revealed properties of the category indicate its high importance for modern Russian society. The established regulatory function will make it possible to apply this category, including within the framework of regulating and managing public opinion and promoting basic values.

Describing Translation Techniques Used in the Translation of Culturally Bound Terms in West Java Calendar of Event 2020

This research aims at analyzing translation techniques used by the translator in translating the booklet "West Java Calendar of Event 2020" from Indonesian into English. This booklet is published by the Department of Tourism and Culture, West Java. Specifically, this research highlights the translation of culturally bound terms in the booklet. The researchers are interested in analyzing this topic because cultural-bound terms are considered challenging to translate; the translators must understand the cultural background of the languages they are translating. Moreover, it is not likely that translators can find one-to-one correspondence for each cultural term in the text. This study applies a descriptive qualitative method since the data are in the form of text and the researchers also play a role as the key instrument in collecting the data, in this case through document examination. In this research, total sampling technique is applied since the researchers take all of the culturally bound terms in the booklet. The research begins with collecting the cultural terms from the booklet, classifying them into cultural terms categories based on Newmark’s theory of cultural category, and determining the translation techniques based on Molina and Albir’s theory. The result shows that the translator mainly employs borrowing, amplification, description, and established equivalent techniques. There is a tendency that the translator prefers those techniques because it is hard for the translator to find one-to-one correspondence of the terms in the target language. Hopefully, this research will be beneficial for translators in deciding the proper translation techniques in translating cultural terms.

Космическое христианство Мирчи Элиаде, подходы к интерпретации

The article deals with the construct of cosmic Christianity in Mircea Eliade's project of the history of religion. Links are established with other concepts of the author, such as creative hermeneutics, homo religiosus, the horror of history, etc. Parallels are also drawn with German Idealism, Protestantism, traditionalism, Jungian psychoanalysis, and conservative-revolutionary thought. The criticism of A. Lenel-Lavastin and D. Dubuisson is drawn upon, arguing that the construct of cosmic Christianity can work within a national-conservative synthesis, so that the nation becomes the guarantor of the purity of church tradition. Eliade's method by which he contrasts cosmic Christianity with Judeo-Christian messianism is discussed. As part of the concept of cosmic Christianity the implicit use of the author's original concept of tradition as a virtual chain of initiations is found. Eliade's assembly is viewed through the lens of P. Berger's social constructivism. It is argued that Berger bases his theory of secularization on Eliade's working definition of religion and concept of cosmization. The metaphysical opposition of Eliade's vital immanentism to Berger's transcendentalism is stated. Immanentism is correlated with the traditional and archetypal folk re-evaluation within cosmic Christianity, transcendentalism with the radical and historical interpretation of the Gospel in Lutheran theology. Eliade's history of religion is characterized as a modernist theory, with inherent qualities of M. such as: a desire for a totalizing worldview, an interest in building a synthetic ideology on the border of archaic myth and scientific knowledge, a sense of the removal of the divine and an acceleration of the end of history. A connection is established between Eliade's theory of religion and the metaphysical framework of the "natural" in Modern science and culture. The reality of the sacred is characterized as a living self-organizing system, and its manifestation as a hierophany of the natural. The conclusion is made that the essentialism and naturalism of such metaphysics do not allow the history of religion to transcend the categories of Modern science and culture, which, according to the author of the article, was the goal of Eliade's project.

TRANSFORMATION OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION AS A BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF LINGUODIGITAL CULTURE OF STUDENTS AT SECONDARY SCHOOL

The article considers the possibilities of effective response of the Russian society to great challenges taking into account the interaction of man and nature, man and technology, social institutions at the present stage of global development, including applying the methods of humanities and social sciences. The modern world is changing very quickly, technological progress and digitalisation affect all spheres of human activity, including education. The formation and development of a modern child is increasingly taking place in a kind of virtual reality created by a variety of devices. The research problem is to identify what are the theoretical, methodological and scientific-methodological bases for creating the model of the effective formation of linguodigital culture of students at different levels of compulsory and additional foreign language education with the use of digital resources and technologies, taking into account the risks and opportunities (by the example of the English language teaching). The aim of our work is to develop theoretical, methodological and scientific-methodological foundations of the strategy of forming linguodigital culture of students through digital resources and technologies in the process of teaching English and its experimental verification. The research was conducted on the basis of the authentic materials in English. The research methods used - the theoretical analysis of literature, study of normative documents, the observation of the teaching process, comparative analysis. The author came to the conclusion of the effectiveness of application of the developed programme for the purpose of the formation of this category of culture in the context of continuous foreign language education; the prospects of research in the direction of the project are defined.

Measuring Villagers’ Perceptions of Changes in the Landscape Values of Traditional Villages

This study aims to analyze the perceptions and driving factors behind villagers’ changing perceptions of landscape values in the context of drastic landscape changes in traditional Chinese villages. Empirical evidence emphasizes the interplay between local residents’ values and the local policy framework. This study establishes a method to capture the landscape values and preferences of rural community residents by combining participatory mapping with questionnaire interviews. We identified the evaluation of changing landscape values by rural residents and extracted four categories of rural development orientations, namely, economic benefits, emotional culture, public participation, and environmental protection. Furthermore, we delved into the significant heterogeneity in landscape value changes among different social groups. This study highlights the role of villagers’ value judgments in guiding the scientific formulation of traditional village conservation and development policies and promoting the socially sustainable development planning of traditional villages. The research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the rural community’s needs and preferences for the local landscape as well as the convergence and divergence between these needs and the government-led rural development trajectory.

The Relationship Between Patient Safety Culture and Patient Satisfaction Level At Public Health Center Ajung Jember Regency

Safety culture is an aspect of organizational culture that refers to how health workers see andtreat safety in a health service, which has implications for patient satisfaction. This study aimedto identify relationship between patient safety culture and the level of patient satisfaction atPublic Health Center Ajung Jember Regency.The research design used was cross-sectional,involving inpatients at Public Health Center Ajung Jember Regency as many as 45 respondents.The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Data was collected using the Indonesianversion of the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture and Service Quality questionnaire.Statistical analysis using Spearman rho test with significance ≤0.05. Most patients expressed ahigh category of patient safety culture (57.8%), with more than half (51.1%) expressingsatisfaction with services. There was a relationship between patient safety culture and patientsatisfaction (p-value = 0.000; α = 0.05; r = 0.694). Discussion: Patient satisfaction will alsoincrease by implementing a good patient safety culture. Therefore, training on theimplementation of patient safety culture is very necessary to be held for nurses at public healthcenter; in this case, the policy stakeholders who are obliged to hold the training.

Representation and diversity of Ukrainian culture in contemporary media: impact, challenges and prospects

The article critically examines the essence of Ukrainian culture and its representation, as well as the diversity portrayed in contemporary media. The impact of the war on the depiction of Ukrainian culture in the media is meticulously characterized. Thematic headings and peculiarities about the presentation of cultural information in the media are rigorously considered, along with the dominant categories of culture that are prevalent. The portrayal of Ukrainian cuisine and memes within the media space is thoroughly described. Furthermore, the article addresses problematic issues concerning the representation of Ukrainian culture in the media and proposes potential strategies to address these challenges. Lastly, the prospects for further development of the cultural aspect in the media are identified based on the insights garnered from the research conducted on the media platform "Culture-2025." The study aims to elucidate the fundamental nature of the representation and diversity of Ukrainian culture in contemporary media, with a focus on its impact, challenges, and prospects. The object of investigation is Ukrainian culture as it is portrayed in the informational context of the media space. The research employed various scientific methods, including description, analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, and content analysis, to comprehensively explore the subject matter. The study aims to analyze the essence of Ukrainian culture and its portrayal in the media. It specifically focuses on the diversity, primary thematic headings, and prevalent categories that are disseminated within the media space. Moreover, the research addresses the impact of the war on the evolution of Ukrainian culture. Additionally, the work investigates the presentation of Ukrainian cuisine and memes as vehicles for conveying historical and cultural information, and as cultural trends that gained notable popularity in Ukraine's media space post-February 24, 2022.

The nested relationality of perceived legitimacy: Mapping taste hierarchies with granular digital traces

The article has a double purpose. On the one hand, it contributes to theories of cultural legitimacy and classification. Based on data about consumers’ music evaluations, it shows that taste hierarchies are configured as nested and relational classificatory systems. Nested, because rank systems of symbolic value are collectively recognized, reproduced, and negotiated by consumers not only at the level of genres, but also at lower, nested levels – e.g., sub-genre, artist, single artwork; relational, because the value attributed to music by consumers is ordinarily assessed and constructed through analogies and comparisons, and partly depends on the classifier's relative position in the social space. On the other hand, this paper makes a key methodological contribution: by analyzing large amounts of YouTube data through computational methods and in combination with survey data, it illustrates how the granularity of digital traces can advance sociological research on cultural categories, meaning structures and symbolic imaginaries.

Translating Emirati literature: exploring culture-specific items in Mohammed Al Murr’s Dubai Tales

This study investigates the translation of Emirati culture-specific items (CSIs) into English, a rarely discussed topic in Arabic translation studies. It focuses on a collection of short stories, Dubai Tales, authored by renowned Emirati author Mohammed Al Murr and translated into English by Peter Clark. The short stories vividly portray Emirati daily life, relationships and cultural values, making it an ideal set of data for a case study of translation strategies. With the emergence of the United Arab Emirates as a global multicultural hub, the demand for effective translations of Emirati literature, including CSIs, is growing. Translating effectively will not only ensure linguistic accessibility but also facilitate better worldwide communication of the unique cultural nuances woven into Emirati narratives. The study conducts quantitative and qualitative analyses of Clark’s English translation by drawing on Newmark’s (1988) cultural categories and Davies’s (2003) framework for translation strategies. The analysis revealed that Clark used globalisation, a domestication strategy, to translate most CSIs into English as well as preservation, a foreignisation strategy, to infuse exotic texture. This strategy reflected a careful balancing act aimed at reaching a wide audience while maintaining cultural elements. This study thus offers invaluable insights highlighting the dynamic relationship between culture and language in literary translations, with a special focus on the Emirati context.

Global Content of Mental Culture of Childhood

The article raises and discusses the question of the global content of the mental culture of childhood, which is manifested in the ethnic diversity of individual cultures of mental development as productive resources of resilience. The results of the study of the knowledge of African indigenous peoples about the development of young children by discussing the cultural spaces of care, play and education of young children among the Gujji people in Ethiopia (Jirata Tadesse Jaleta) are presented; the understanding of global political interdependence as a response to the triple connection of children's desired future: their struggle for self-development, overcoming normative exclusions and sensitivity of others (J. Wall); research arguments that the modern experience of children and youth requires a rethinking of global justice around the new concept of enhanced inclusion (J. Josefsson, J. Wallu). V. Coppock's conclusion about the instability of diagnostic classification systems reflecting the prevailing ideological, sociocultural and political conditions is presented; approaches of A. McPherson, D. Forster and R. Buchanan, designed to form social skills and conditions for children and youth to master the mental culture of relationships. The phenomena of young people giving new meaning to psychiatric labels, which young people devalue and turn into cultural categories rather than diagnostic categories, given in the work of A. McPherson, D. Forster and R. Buchanan, as well as young children's reflections on their transnational childhood and experience, are highlighted. migrations studied by N. N. David and A. Kilderry. The article presents questions that require a prospective solution in the globalized world of the development of the mental culture of modern and future childhood.

Race, revival and revolution: Defining the Irish Celt

Abstract: This article considers how the idea of the 'Celt' came into being and how the term was leveraged both in service of racism and as a tool for constructing ethnic and political identities. 'Celt' is a broad category and this paper focuses specifically on Ireland. Definitions of Celticity came from both within and outside Irish culture and had a diversity of aims. This paper provides a necessary overview of the history of this broad and kaleidoscopic term. It will equip scholars with a better understanding of its use throughout history, particularly in the early twentieth century. After outlining the development of the 'Celt' as a racial and cultural category, the paper considers the meaning of Celticity as Ireland approached independence, with particular attention to the revolutionary era, c . 1913–23. The article examines the interplay between Anglo-Irish and revolutionary understandings of the 'Celt', and how the idea of a Celtic race was deployed selectively in diverse political and cultural contexts in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In some contexts, the word emphasised solidarity with global independence movements and anti-racist struggles, whilst in others it bolstered the logic of white supremacy. Rather than focusing solely on new engagements with primary texts, one of the aims of this article is to synthesise existing research into a broader narrative of ever-changing classifications and identities. Examining the meanings and uses of this kaleidoscopic term enhances our understanding of Irish identity in a period of political transition.

Russian Strategic Culture in Retrospect

The article analyzes the transformation of Russian strategic culture over the past 100 years. During this period, Russia veered away from the strategic goal-setting practices that its elite had implemented previously. Since the end of the 18th century, Russia was an integral part of the Concert of Europe, and its ruling circles absorbed the European ideas of peace, language of diplomacy, and approaches to military planning. Soviet power essentially “reinvented” the strategic culture of the Russian state, adopting The Second World War imbued Soviet strategic culture with a great-power attitude. The crisis of Soviet ideology seriously affected the strategic thinking of the elites, provoking its decline. The article concludes that some key categories of Soviet strategic culture still affect the strategic culture of modern Russian elites.

The empire never ended: Hegel, postmodernism and comedy

This paper argues that Hegel?s account of modernity is already an account of postmodernity, according to Fredric Jameson?s definition of the cultural logic of globalized capitalism. First, Hegel?s account of the problematic of modernity will be sought in the Phenomenology of Spirit by considering the constellation of Athens, Rome and Christianity along with Hegel?s contrast between tragedy and comedy in the ?Religion? chapter, in order to present a philosophical account of a concrete problem connecting social, political and economic structures with their own self-representations. The core problematic will become instantiated in the legal figure of the ?person? and the social world-structure of ?empire?, associated with both Roman legality and comedy. It will be argued that Hegel?s socio-historical relevance today hinges on drawing a connection between Jameson?s periodization of Realism-Modernism-Postmodernism and Hegel?s aesthetic cultural categories of Epic-Tragedy-Comedy, and not Greece-Rome- Christianity. On this basis, the Phenomenology of Spirit stands as Hegel?s own ?cognitive map?, for which comedy designates a problematic extreme of a social regime of representation commensurate with the contemporary cultural logic of late and imperial capitalism.

El espíritu filosófico en el teatro tradicional Chino

Abstract: Chinese drama has its origins in primitive forms of singing and dancing, and has since evolved into a comprehensive art form with a rich history. It is considered one of the three ancient drama cultures, alongside ancient Greek drama and Indian Sanskrit drama. Different nations have different cultures with unique national characteristics, while personalized philosophical concepts play a leading role in the formation of culture. Science, literature, art, education, etc., that belong to the cultural category, are all guided and influenced by philosophical thoughts, and drama art is the same. This article discusses and analyzes the philosophical thoughts behind traditional Chinese drama culture.

AN ANALYSIS OF CULTURAL CONTENT OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR TENTH GRADE SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

This study aimed to discover aspects of cultural content and describe how the culture is represented in English textbooks using descriptive qualitative method with content analysis. The data were collected from the English textbook "Bahasa Inggris," designed for the first tenth-grade Senior High School semester based on the revised 2013 curriculum. The result shows that it is mainly presented through Universality across cultures in categories of culture (39,6%). The target culture (14,9%) has the slightest intention in this textbook. Next, most of the culture with the most minor parts is Perspective (10%). Meanwhile, the sense of culture was dominated by aesthetic sense (42,7%). Semantic sense (10%) has the slightest intention in this textbook. In this textbook, many cultures are not specific to any particular culture or country. In addition, this research also found an unbalanced quantity of data on this cultural aspect.

ФИНАНСОВАЯ КУЛЬТУРА КАК ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ ФЕНОМЕН

article considers the psychological and pedagogical nature of the concept ‘financial culture’. The phenomenon of financial culture has a complex interdisciplinary character. On the eve of the adoption of the Strategy for Improving Financial Literacy and the formation of financial culture until 2030, it seems relevant to study and clarify the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the system for the formation and development of financial culture of the population. In the Russian scientific literature, the category of financial culture is most thoroughly studied in sociology and economics. The need to study this concept in educational science and practice is associated with changes in federal state educational standards at all levels of education. As the review of foreign and domestic scientific literature has shown, the concept of financial culture is interpreted by the authors quite broadly and includes a set of traditions, norms, ideas, values reflecting the level of financial literacy; knowledge and understanding of financial principles necessary for making financial decisions; the ability to make effective financial decisions; skills and behavior of people in the field of financial relationships and products that affect financial well-being. A comparative analysis of the content of the concept of financial culture as a psychological and pedagogical phenomenon allowed us to identify cognitive (knowledge), empirical (behavior, personal experience of making financial decisions) and axiological (values, attitudes) elements in its composition. The author concludes that the formation of financial culture is carried out in the process of socialization of the individual and can be both spontaneously and specially organized. The national education system is designed to develop and, if necessary, adjust the process of forming elements of the financial culture of the individual in accordance with the priority objectives of the strategic development of the state and society, while it is necessary to take into account social, cultural factors, as well as individual psychological characteristics of various categories of the population.

Obraz Wschodu w powieściach historycznych Kazimierza Korkozowicza

The article presents the image of the East in historical novels by Kazimierz Korkozowicz, including the works of the author of Jeźdźcy apokalipsy (Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse), published in the period between 1970–1990. It refers the notion of the East to Eastern Europe and analysesthe use of historical‑philosophical myth of the East by the writer. The paper also includes the interpretation of the novel, using the category of culture as an ideology of social groups, bearing in mind the fact that culture, including literature, is a tool of ideological impact on society by means of Althusser’s ideological state apparatuses. It examines the cognitive capabilities of various literary methodologies towards analyzed works. It describes the profile of the author of Przyłbice i kaptury and refers to the ongoing discussion about his works.